CN111075859B

CN111075859B - Bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake

Info

Publication number: CN111075859B
Application number: CN201911363793.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方昌俭
Original assignee: Zhejiang Guanying Auto Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Guanying Auto Parts Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-12-26
Filing date: 2019-12-26
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-26
Also published as: CN111075859A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile braking, and discloses a bidirectional double-leading-shoe type drum brake, which comprises a rear shell, wherein a connecting end block is arranged at two ends of a brake shoe, a U-shaped groove is formed in the connecting end block, a supporting arm is driven to rotate by the rotation of an outer ring, so that a supporting column can be clamped into the U-shaped groove, the supporting column serves as a rotating fulcrum of the brake shoe, a side column can also be lifted to abut against one side of the supporting column, the brake shoe can well ensure the fixation of the relative position of one end by the connecting end block, compared with the traditional design of a floating structure, the design can ensure that the brake shoe has a stable fulcrum when being pushed by a brake wheel cylinder to brake, and the stability of the brake shoe when being braked can be ensured by combining with a caliper on the brake wheel cylinder, so that the failure probability of the bidirectional double-leading-shoe type drum brake when being braked is greatly reduced, thereby improving the safety and stability of the brake.

Description

Bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile braking, in particular to a bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake.

Background

The existing wheel brakes of automobiles can be divided into disc brakes and drum brakes, wherein the drum brakes are mainly used on commercial heavy trucks because of stronger braking force, the main working principle is that brake shoes are pushed by a brake wheel cylinder, so that shoe plates on the brake shoes are in contact friction with the inner wall of a brake drum, so as to perform braking, and in order to enhance the braking effect, the traditional drum brakes are gradually changed into bidirectional double leading shoe type drum brakes, two brake shoes in the brakes belong to leading shoes no matter the brakes are performed in the advancing or retreating process, and the leading shoes in the traditional drum brakes are stressed more than the trailing shoes, so that the braking effect of the double leading shoe type drum brakes can be increased, but the existing story brakes have the following problems all the time:

1. because the existing bidirectional double-leading-shoe drum brake has a small internal structure, two ends of a brake shoe are supported in a floating mode, namely two ends of the brake shoe are clamped with calipers on a brake wheel cylinder, most drum brakes are applied to commercial heavy trucks, the brake in the existing bidirectional double-leading-shoe drum brake cannot stably ensure good contact between the brake shoe and the brake drum due to strong inertia force generated by the weight of the heavy trucks during braking, and the brake shoe is separated from the brake wheel cylinder possibly due to too large inertia force, so that the bidirectional double-leading-shoe drum brake fails, and the failure is fatal, which directly causes brake failure of the commercial heavy trucks, serious accidents and serious casualties and property loss.

2. The structure of the existing bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake is relatively closed, and the drum brake applied to the heavy truck can generate high friction heat due to the overlarge self weight of the heavy truck when the heavy truck is braked, so that the heat is difficult and slow to dissipate in the relatively closed drum brake only through the shell of the brake, and if the temperature is overhigh, the drum brake is directly subjected to irregular thermal deformation, so that the braking effect of the brake is reduced, and potential safety hazards are generated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake which has the advantages of more stable braking effect, stronger applicability, better heat dissipation effect and high safety, and solves the problems in the background art.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: a bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake comprises a rear shell, wherein a fixing ring is fixedly mounted at the center of the rear shell, a bearing is movably mounted at the outer side of the fixing ring, an outer ring is fixedly mounted at the outer side of the bearing, supporting arms are symmetrically mounted at two ends of the outer side of the outer ring respectively, a supporting column is fixedly mounted at one end of each supporting arm, brake wheel cylinders are fixedly mounted at two positive ends of the rear shell respectively, calipers on the brake wheel cylinders are movably connected with brake shoes, shoe plates are fixedly mounted at one sides, close to the brake drums, of the brake shoes, connecting end blocks are fixedly mounted at two ends of the brake shoes respectively, a first reset spring is fixedly connected between the two brake shoes, arc-shaped grooves with the same width as notches formed in the connecting end blocks are formed in the rear shell, a first gear is fixedly mounted at the back of the outer ring, the one end fixed mounting of gear motor has the pivot, fixed mounting has the compression leg in the pivot, the one end fixed mounting of pivot has the second gear, back casing back fixed mounting has the clamping ring storehouse, swing joint has spacing clamping ring in the clamping ring storehouse, fixed mounting has second reset spring in the clamping ring storehouse, the positive fixed mounting of spacing clamping ring has the side prop.

Preferably, the wheel cylinder is mounted in the middle of the side of the brake shoe close to the outer ring.

Preferably, two sides of the arc-shaped groove are respectively aligned with notches formed in two corresponding ends of the two brake shoes, and the support column can rotate and move in the arc-shaped groove.

Preferably, the number of the speed reduction motors is two, the rotating directions of the speed reduction motors are opposite during work, and the two compression columns arranged on the rotating shaft are in central symmetry with the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the semi-circumference of the rotating shaft is integral multiple of the arc length of the arc-shaped groove.

Preferably, the number of the side columns is four, the side columns are symmetrically distributed on the limiting compression ring respectively, and the transverse distance between the side columns and the end points at the two ends of the arc-shaped groove is the same as the diameter of the supporting arm.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the two-way double-collar shoe type drum brake is characterized in that connecting end blocks are arranged at two ends of a brake shoe, U-shaped grooves are formed in the connecting end blocks, a supporting arm is driven to rotate by the rotation of an outer ring, so that the supporting column can be clamped into the U-shaped groove, the supporting column becomes a rotating fulcrum of the brake shoe, the side column can also rise to abut against one side of the supporting column, the brake shoe can be well fixed at one end through the connecting end block, compared with the design of the traditional floating structure, the design can ensure that the brake shoe has a stable pivot point when being pushed by the brake wheel cylinder to brake, and the brake shoe can be combined with the calipers on the brake wheel cylinder, the stability of the brake shoes during braking can be ensured, the failure probability of the bidirectional double-collar shoe type drum brake during braking is greatly reduced, and therefore the safety and the stability of the brake are improved.

2. The two-way double-collar shoe type drum brake is characterized in that the two arc-shaped grooves are formed in the rear shell, on one hand, the arc-shaped grooves can be used as limiting tracks for the movement of the supporting columns to ensure that the movement tracks of the supporting columns are fixed, the influence of connection looseness between the supporting arms and the supporting columns caused by forces in other directions is reduced, and the service life of the brake is ensured, on the other hand, the arc-shaped grooves are formed in the positions at the two ends of the brake shoe, the outer portion of the brake drum generates low pressure around the brake drum due to the fact that the brake drum moves together with an automobile, the inner portion of the brake drum is relatively static, and the pressure is higher than the outer portion of the brake drum, so that heat generated by the rotation friction of the brake drum can be dissipated outwards from the arc-shaped grooves along the brake drum in the rotation direction of the, therefore, the brake is prevented from being failed due to overheating to a certain extent, and the safety of the brake is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the backside of the inventive structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the connection between the limiting compression ring and the stop lever according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a brake shoe constructed in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the connection between the limiting compression ring and the rear housing according to the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a rear housing; 2. a fixing ring; 3. a bearing; 4. an outer ring; 5. a support arm; 6. a support pillar; 7. a brake wheel cylinder; 8. a brake shoe; 9. a shoe plate; 10. connecting the end block; 11. a first return spring; 12. an arc-shaped slot; 13. a first gear; 14. a reduction motor; 15. a rotating shaft; 16. pressing the column; 17. a second gear; 18. pressing a ring bin; 19. limiting a compression ring; 20. a second return spring; 21. and a side column.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a two-way double-collar shoe type drum brake includes a rear housing 1, a fixed ring 2 is fixedly installed at the center of the rear housing 1, a bearing 3 is movably installed at the outer side of the fixed ring 2, an outer ring 4 is fixedly installed at the outer side of the bearing 3, support arms 5 are respectively and symmetrically installed at two ends of the outer side of the outer ring 4, a support post 6 is fixedly installed at one end of each support arm 5, brake wheel cylinders 7 are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of the front surface of the rear housing 1, brake shoes 8 are movably connected to calipers on the brake wheel cylinders 7, shoe pieces 9 are fixedly installed at one sides of the brake shoes 8 close to the brake drums, connecting end blocks 10 are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of the brake shoes 8, a first return spring 11 is fixedly connected between the two brake shoes 8, an arc-shaped groove 12 having the same width as a notch formed on, rear housing 1 back fixed mounting has gear motor 14, and gear motor 14's one end fixed mounting has pivot 15, and fixed mounting has compression leg 16 in the pivot 15, and the one end fixed mounting of pivot 15 has second gear 17, and rear housing 1 back fixed mounting has compression ring storehouse 18, swing joint has spacing clamping ring 19 in the compression ring storehouse 18, and fixed mounting has second reset spring 20 in the compression ring storehouse 18, and the front fixed mounting of spacing clamping ring 19 has side column 21.

The brake wheel cylinders 7 are arranged in the middle of the brake shoe 8 on the side close to the outer ring 4, the brake wheel cylinders 7 are arranged in the middle, so that the brake can obtain the same braking force no matter the brake is used in the forward process or the reverse process, and the condition that two ends of the brake shoe 8 switch supporting points is favorably realized, so that the brake can realize the effect of the two-way double leading shoes, and the braking effect is improved.

Wherein, the both sides of arc wall 12 align with the notch that two corresponding both ends of brake shoe 8 were seted up respectively, support column 6 can be at arc wall 12 rotational movement, when the in-process that advances or backs up needs the braking, utilize gear motor 14 to drive first gear 13 through external control rotatory, thereby make outer loop 4 rotatory, thereby drive support column 6 in arc wall 12 to advance or back the in-process wheel opposite direction and rotate, and utilize 16 rotations of compression leg to support the back of casing 1 behind spacing clamping ring 19 at this moment, make the side prop 21 support one side of support arm 5, guarantee that support column 6 can normally the joint in the notch of the end block 10 of corresponding connection, can realize brake shoe 8 like this and have a fine fulcrum in the friction braking in-process, thereby just can guarantee the stable braking of stopper like this, improve the security.

Wherein, gear motor 14's quantity is two and the rotatory direction of during operation is opposite, the compression leg 16 of installation on the pivot 15 is two and is located pivot 15 central symmetry, gear motor 14 of two opposite direction of rotation can be fine drives first gear 13 and rotates, thereby guarantee that back support column 6 can normally rotate and carry out the fulcrum and change, when support column 6 card advances one side of one of them arc wall 12, compression leg 16 also supports spacing clamping ring 19 downwards and pushes down this moment, side column 21 has just blocked one side of support column 6 like this, guaranteed the rotatory fulcrum as brake shoe 8 that support column 6 can be stable in the braking process, avoid the stopper to become invalid, improve the security.

Wherein, the semi-circumference of pivot 15 is the integral multiple of arc length of arc wall 12, just so can guarantee to compress spacing clamping ring 19 to the bottom just in time when support column 6 blocks into arbitrary one end in arc wall 12 ground for side column 21 can just in time block one side of support column 6, makes brake shoe 8 can have a stable rotation fulcrum in braking process, has guaranteed the normal function of stopper.

Wherein, the quantity of jamb 21 is four and respectively symmetric distribution on spacing clamping ring 19, and the lateral distance between the endpoints at jamb 21 and arc wall 12 both ends is the same with the diameter of support arm 5, can guarantee like this that support column 6 card goes into the endpoint department back jamb 21 of arc wall 12 and can just in time be stable support arm 5 to guarantee the stability of support column 6, make whole stopper can stabilize the braking.

The working principle is that when braking is carried out in the advancing process, the gear motor 14 is started through external control, the gear motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, the rotating shaft 15 drives the second gear 17 to rotate, the second gear 17 drives the first gear 13 to rotate, the first gear 13 drives the outer ring 4 to rotate, the outer ring 4 drives the supporting arm 5 and the supporting column 6 to rotate in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the wheel, so that the two supporting columns 6 respectively abut against the connecting end blocks 10 at the opposite ends of the two brake shoes 8, at the moment, the pressing column 16 pushes the limiting pressing ring 19 in the direction of the rear shell 1, so that the side columns 21 abut against the side surfaces of the supporting arm 5, meanwhile, the brake wheel cylinder 7 pushes the brake shoes 8 outwards, so that the two brake shoes 8 are slowly pressed close to the brake drum, the shoe 9 and the brake drum are subjected to friction braking, when a driver loosens the brake pedal, the brake wheel cylinder 7 has a pushing force, and the brake shoes 8 are restored to, when the vehicle is backed, the braking during the backing can be finished as long as the speed reducing motor 14 is started to rotate in the opposite direction through external control, the rotation direction of the final supporting column 6 is opposite to the advancing direction, and other braking steps are the same.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A two-way double-collar shoe drum brake, includes back casing (1), its characterized in that: the center fixed mounting of back casing (1) has solid fixed ring (2), the outside movable mounting of solid fixed ring (2) has bearing (3), the outside fixed mounting of bearing (3) has outer ring (4), support arm (5) are installed to the both ends in the outer ring (4) outside symmetry respectively, the one end fixed mounting of support arm (5) has support column (6), the positive both ends of back casing (1) are fixed mounting respectively has brake wheel cylinder (7), calliper swing joint on brake wheel cylinder (7) has brake shoe (8), one side fixed mounting that brake shoe (8) are close to the brake drum has shoe (9), the both ends of brake shoe (8) are fixed mounting respectively has connection end block (10), fixedly connected with first reset spring (11) between two brake shoe (8), set up arc wall (12) the same with the notch width of seting up on connection end block (10) on back casing (1), the two sides of the arc-shaped groove (12) are respectively aligned with the notches arranged at the two corresponding ends of the two brake shoes (8), the supporting column (6) can rotate and move in the arc-shaped groove (12), a first gear (13) is fixedly arranged on the back surface of the outer ring (4), a speed reducing motor (14) is fixedly arranged on the back surface of the rear shell (1), one end of the speed reducing motor (14) is fixedly provided with a rotating shaft (15), a compression column (16) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (15), a second gear (17) is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (15), a pressure ring bin (18) is fixedly arranged on the back surface of the rear shell (1), a limiting pressure ring (19) is movably connected in the pressure ring bin (18), the interior fixed mounting of clamping ring storehouse (18) has second reset spring (20), the positive fixed mounting of spacing clamping ring (19) has side post (21).

2. A bi-directional double-lead shoe drum brake according to claim 1, wherein: and the brake wheel cylinders (7) are arranged in the middle of one side of the brake shoes (8) close to the outer ring (4).

3. A bi-directional double-lead shoe drum brake according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the speed reducing motors (14) is two, the rotating directions are opposite during working, and the two compression columns (16) arranged on the rotating shaft (15) are in central symmetry with the rotating shaft (15).

4. A bi-directional double-lead shoe drum brake according to claim 1, wherein: the semi-circumference of the rotating shaft (15) is integral multiple of the arc length of the arc-shaped groove (12).

5. A bi-directional double-lead shoe drum brake according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the side columns (21) is four, the side columns are symmetrically distributed on the limiting compression ring (19), and the transverse distance between the side columns (21) and the end points at the two ends of the arc-shaped groove (12) is the same as the diameter of the supporting arm (5).