CN111075485B - Water-rich fault zone tunnel structure and construction method - Google Patents
Water-rich fault zone tunnel structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111075485B CN111075485B CN201911393901.0A CN201911393901A CN111075485B CN 111075485 B CN111075485 B CN 111075485B CN 201911393901 A CN201911393901 A CN 201911393901A CN 111075485 B CN111075485 B CN 111075485B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1086—Drives or transmissions specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel structure of a water-rich fault zone and a construction method, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction, wherein the tunnel structure comprises a primary support, a waterproof plate and a secondary lining which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein a long anchor pipe and a short anchor pipe are fixed in the primary support, and the long anchor pipe and the short anchor pipe penetrate through the primary support and are anchored in a rock body on the outer side of the primary support; long holes and short holes filled with mortar are drilled in the primary support, the long anchor pipes are inserted in the long holes, and the short anchor pipes are inserted in the short holes; the slot hole includes first little diameter section, first big diameter section and first linkage segment, and first little diameter section, first big diameter section and first linkage segment intercommunication set up, and the short span includes the little diameter section of second, the big diameter section of second and second linkage segment, and the little diameter section of second, the big diameter section of second and second linkage segment intercommunication set up, and first linkage segment and second linkage segment intercommunication have solved the poor problem of rich water fault zone tunnel slip casting reinforcing effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a water-rich fault zone tunnel structure and a construction method.
Background
The structure of the tunnel comprises two parts, namely a main building and accessory equipment. The main building consists of a tunnel body and a tunnel door, the auxiliary equipment comprises a car-avoiding tunnel, fire-fighting equipment, emergency communication and water-proof and drainage equipment, and the long tunnel is also provided with special ventilation and lighting equipment.
China has complete landforms and complicated geological conditions, so that the mountainous tunnel sometimes encounters a water-rich fault zone in the construction process. Due to the weak and broken surrounding rock in the water-rich fault zone, poor stability and good water-rich property, great difficulty and danger are brought to tunnel construction, and geological disasters such as water burst, mud burst, collapse, rockburst and the like are easily encountered. In order to reduce the construction difficulty and improve the construction safety, the existing water-rich fault zone tunnel construction generally adopts the modes of upper blocking, lower discharging and grouting reinforcement, although the mode can play a good drainage effect and a certain reinforcement and support effect, the grouting reinforcement is generally performed by a mortar anchor rod which is an equal-diameter rod, and the reinforcement effect is not good enough.
In view of the above, the invention provides a water-rich fault zone tunnel structure and a construction method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a water-rich fault zone tunnel structure and a construction method, which solve the problem of poor grouting reinforcement effect of the water-rich fault zone tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a tunnel structure with a water-rich fault zone comprises a primary support, a waterproof plate and a secondary lining which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein a long anchor pipe and a short anchor pipe are fixed in the primary support, and the long anchor pipe and the short anchor pipe penetrate through the primary support and are anchored in a rock body on the outer side of the primary support;
long holes and short holes filled with mortar are drilled in the primary support, the long holes and the short holes penetrate through the primary support and extend into the rock mass, the long anchor pipes are inserted into the long holes, the short anchor pipes are inserted into the short holes, and through holes for the mortar to enter are formed in the circumferential surfaces of the long anchor pipes and the short anchor pipes;
the slot hole includes first little diameter section, first big diameter section and first linkage segment, first little diameter section, first big diameter section and first linkage segment intercommunication set up, the short span includes second little diameter section, the big diameter section of second and second linkage segment, the little diameter section of second, the big diameter section of second and second linkage segment intercommunication set up, first linkage segment with the second linkage segment intercommunication.
More preferably: one end of the first large-diameter section is inserted into the primary support, the other end of the first large-diameter section is inserted into the rock body and communicated with the end part of the first small-diameter section, and the first connecting section is positioned on the first large-diameter section;
the first connecting section, the first large-diameter section and the first small-diameter section are arranged on the same straight line, the diameter of the first connecting section is larger than that of the first large-diameter section, and the diameter of the first large-diameter section is larger than that of the first small-diameter section.
More preferably: the diameter of the first small-diameter section is not smaller than the diameter of the long anchor pipe.
More preferably: one end of the second large-diameter section is inserted into the primary support, the other end of the second large-diameter section is inserted into the rock body and communicated with the end part of the second small-diameter section, and the second connecting section is positioned on the second large-diameter section;
second linkage segment, second major diameter section and the little diameter section center pin of second all are in same straight line, just second linkage segment diameter is greater than the diameter of second major diameter section, the diameter of second major diameter section is greater than the diameter of the little diameter section of second.
More preferably: the diameter of the second small-diameter section is not smaller than that of the short anchor pipe.
More preferably: the drainage system comprises a drainage branch pipe, an annular drainage pipe, a longitudinal drainage pipe, a transverse drainage pipe and a drainage ditch;
the circumferential drainage pipe is positioned between the primary support and the waterproof plate, the circumferential drainage pipe is laid along the direction of the inner wall of the primary support, one end of the drainage branch pipe is communicated with the circumferential drainage pipe, and the other end of the drainage branch pipe is positioned on the outer side surface of the primary support and is in contact with the rock mass;
longitudinal drain pipe, horizontal drain pipe and escape canal are located the tunnel both sides respectively, longitudinal drain pipe follows the longitudinal direction in tunnel sets up, horizontal drain pipe follows the transverse direction in tunnel sets up, the hoop drain pipe with longitudinal drain pipe intercommunication, horizontal drain pipe one end with longitudinal drain pipe intercommunication, the other end extends to in the escape canal.
More preferably: and filter cloth is fixed at the end part of the drainage branch pipe and is positioned between the drainage branch pipe and the rock mass.
A construction method of a tunnel structure of a water-rich fault zone comprises the following steps:
s1, earth excavation: excavating earth at a tunnel portal by using an excavator, excavating by adopting steps in a layered manner from top to bottom, arranging an off-tunnel intercepting ditch and a tunnel top intercepting ditch, protecting an uphill slope of the portal, excavating an open cut tunnel and excavating a tunnel body, wherein the excavating of the tunnel body adopts a CD excavating mode or a CDR excavating mode;
s2, primary support: spraying concrete on the inner side of the tunnel, reserving the position of a mounting hole of the drainage branch pipe, drilling a long hole and a short hole through a tunnel drilling machine after the concrete is solidified, then injecting mortar, inserting a long anchor pipe and a short anchor pipe before the mortar is solidified, and fixing the long anchor pipe and the short anchor pipe on the concrete;
s3, tunnel waterproofing: installing a drainage branch pipe, an annular drainage pipe, a longitudinal drainage pipe, a transverse drainage pipe and a drainage ditch, wherein filter cloth is fixed at one end of the drainage branch pipe close to the rock mass and used for intercepting solid impurities;
s4, secondary lining: and fixing the waterproof board, and then performing secondary lining construction.
More preferably: the tunnel drilling machine comprises a drilling machine body and a drill rod, wherein the drill rod comprises an outer rod, a rear connecting rod, a rear fixing plate, a front connecting rod, a scraper, a drill bit, a push rod, a front fixing plate and a cylinder;
the outer rod is arranged in a hollow mode, one end of the outer rod is fixed on the drilling machine body, one end of the push rod is fixed with the air cylinder, the other end of the push rod penetrates through the outer rod and is fixed with the drill bit, and the air cylinder is used for driving the push rod to push forwards and backwards;
the front fixing plate is fixed at the rear side of the drill bit, the rear fixing plate is fixed at the front end of the outer rod, one end of the rear connecting rod is rotatably connected with the rear fixing plate, the other end of the rear connecting rod is rotatably connected with the front connecting rod, one end of the front connecting rod is rotatably connected with the rear connecting rod, and the other end of the front connecting rod is rotatably connected with the front fixing plate;
the scraper is fixed on the outer side of the front connecting rod.
More preferably: a plurality of scrapers are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the front connecting rod, and the plurality of scrapers are arranged on the front connecting rod at equal intervals.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the setting of first little diameter section, first big diameter section and first linkage segment for the inside reducing structure that is of slot hole, the mortar is pour in the slot hole after, fixed long anchor pipe that can be better. The setting of the second small-diameter section, the second large-diameter section and the second connecting section enables the inside of the short hole to be of a variable-diameter structure, and after mortar is poured into the short hole, the short anchor pipe can be fixed well. Because first linkage segment and second linkage segment intercommunication setting, when consequently the mortar was injected into slot hole and short hole, first linkage segment and second linkage segment can be filled up to the mortar to fix long anchor pipe and short anchor pipe together, can show improvement anchor effect. The tunnel integral strength is higher, reduces the emergence of accidents such as mud burst, collapse, has solved the poor problem of rich water fault zone tunnel slip casting reinforcing effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying a tunnel structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying a matching structure between a long hole and a long anchor pipe, and between a short hole and a short anchor pipe;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic structural view of the embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying the structure of the drill rod;
fig. 4 is a partial side view of the embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying the structure of the drill rod.
In the figure, 1, a rock mass; 2. a long hole; 21. a first small diameter section; 22. a first large diameter section; 23. a first connection section; 3. a short hole; 31. a second small diameter section; 32. a second large diameter section; 33. a second connection section; 4. a long anchor pipe; 5. a short anchor pipe; 6. primary support; 7. a circular water drainage pipe; 8. a waterproof sheet; 9. secondary lining; 10. a drain branch pipe; 111. an outer rod; 112. a rear connecting rod; 113. a rear fixing plate; 114. a front link; 115. a scraper; 116. a drill bit; 117. a push rod; 118. a front fixing plate; 12. a transverse drain pipe; 13. and (7) a drainage ditch.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example (b): a tunnel structure of a water-rich fault zone and a construction method thereof are disclosed, as shown in figures 1-4, the tunnel structure of the water-rich fault zone comprises a primary support 6, a waterproof plate 8, a secondary lining 9 and a waterproof and drainage system, wherein the primary support 6, the waterproof plate 8 and the secondary lining 9 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are fixed in the primary support 6, and the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 penetrate through the primary support 6 and are anchored in the rock mass 1 outside the primary support 6. The long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are hollow steel pipes, circular through holes for mortar to enter are formed in the circumferential surface of the hollow steel pipes, the through holes are multiple, and the through holes are uniformly distributed around the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5. The primary support 6 is internally drilled with a long hole 2 and a short hole 3 which are filled with mortar, the long hole 2 and the short hole 3 penetrate through the primary support 6 and extend into the rock body 1, the long anchor pipe 4 is inserted into the long hole 2, and the short anchor pipe 5 is inserted into the short hole 3. The diameter of the long anchor pipe 4 is the same as that of the short anchor pipe 5, the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are vertical equal-diameter hollow pipes, the length of the short anchor pipe 5 is smaller than that of the long anchor pipe 4, and preferably, the length of the short anchor pipe 5 is larger than one half of that of the long anchor pipe 4.
In the technical scheme, before mortar is solidified, the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are respectively inserted into the long hole 2 and the short hole 3, and after the mortar is solidified, the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are tightly fixed in the primary support 6 and the rock mass 1. Because the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are different in length, the insertion depths are different, so that a better anchoring effect can be achieved, the supporting strength of the tunnel is improved, and accidents such as collapse are reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the elongated hole 2 includes a first small-diameter section 21, a first large-diameter section 22, and a first connection section 23, and the first small-diameter section 21, the first large-diameter section 22, and the first connection section 23 are provided in communication. The short hole 3 comprises a second small-diameter section 31, a second large-diameter section 32 and a second connecting section 33, the second small-diameter section 31, the second large-diameter section 32 and the second connecting section 33 are communicated and arranged, and the first connecting section 23 and the second connecting section 33 are communicated. Specifically, one end of the first large-diameter section 22 is inserted into the primary support 6, the other end of the first large-diameter section is inserted into the rock body 1 and communicated with the end of the first small-diameter section 21, and the first connecting section 23 is located on the first large-diameter section 22. First linkage segment 23, first big diameter section 22 and first little diameter section 21 center pin all are in same straight line, and first linkage segment 23 diameter is greater than first big diameter section 22 diameter, and first big diameter section 22 diameter is greater than first little diameter section 21 diameter. The first small diameter section 21 has a diameter not smaller than the diameter of the long anchor tube 4. One end of the second large-diameter section 32 is inserted into the primary support 6, the other end is inserted into the rock body 1 and communicated with the end part of the second small-diameter section 31, and the second connecting section 33 is positioned on the second large-diameter section 32. The central axes of the second connecting section 33, the second large-diameter section 32 and the second small-diameter section 31 are all on the same straight line, the diameter of the second connecting section 33 is larger than that of the second large-diameter section 32, and the diameter of the second large-diameter section 32 is larger than that of the second small-diameter section 31. The diameter of the second small-diameter section 31 is not smaller than the diameter of the short anchor pipe 5.
In the above technical scheme, the arrangement of the first small-diameter section 21, the first large-diameter section 22 and the first connecting section 23 enables the inside of the long hole 2 to be of a variable diameter structure, and after mortar is poured into the long hole 2, the long anchor pipe 4 can be fixed well. The setting of second small-diameter section 31, second large-diameter section 32 and second linkage segment 33 for short hole 3 is inside to be the reducing structure, and the mortar is pour in short hole 3 back, fixed short anchor pipe 5 that can be better. Because the first connecting section 23 and the second connecting section 33 are communicated, when mortar is injected into the long hole 2 and the short hole 3, the first connecting section 23 and the second connecting section 33 are filled with the mortar, so that the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 are fixed together, and the anchoring effect can be obviously improved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the drainage prevention system includes a branch drain pipe 10, a circumferential drain pipe 7, a longitudinal drain pipe, a lateral drain pipe 12, and a drainage ditch 13. The circumferential drainage pipe 7 is positioned between the primary support 6 and the waterproof plate 8, and the circumferential drainage pipe 7 is laid along the direction of the inner wall of the primary support 6. The hoop drain pipe 7 is provided with a plurality of along the tunnel longitudinal direction, and a plurality of hoop drain pipe 7 sets up along tunnel extending direction equidistant, and the interval is about 10m between the adjacent hoop drain pipe 7. One end of the drainage branch pipe 10 is communicated with the annular drainage pipe 7, the other end of the drainage branch pipe is positioned on the outer side surface of the primary support 6 and is in contact with the rock mass 1, and the drainage branch pipe 10 is inserted into the primary support 6. The longitudinal drain pipe, the transverse drain pipe 12 and the drainage ditch 13 are respectively positioned on two sides of the tunnel, the longitudinal drain pipe is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the transverse drain pipe 12 is arranged along the transverse direction of the tunnel. A plurality of hoop drain pipe 7 all communicates with vertical drain pipe, and horizontal drain pipe 12 one end communicates with vertical drain pipe, and the other end extends to in the escape canal 13. Each annular water drainage pipe 7 is provided with a plurality of water drainage branch pipes 10, and the water drainage branch pipes 10 are uniformly distributed in the annular water drainage pipes 7. In order to prevent solid impurities such as broken stones in the rock body 1 from entering the drainage branch pipe 10, filter cloth is fixed at the end part of the drainage branch pipe 10 and is positioned between the drainage branch pipe 10 and the rock body 1. When the filter cloth is installed, a layer of filter net is fixed at the end of the drainage branch pipe 10, and then at least one layer of fiber filter cloth is laid on the filter net, so that the filter cloth is attached between the filter net and the rock mass 1.
In the technical scheme, accumulated water in the rock mass 1 can enter the drainage branch pipe 10 through the filter cloth, the accumulated water entering the drainage branch pipe 10 flows into drainage ditches 13 on two sides of the tunnel under the conveying of the annular drainage pipe 7, the longitudinal drainage pipe and the transverse drainage pipe 12, and then is discharged outwards through the drainage ditches 13, so that the accumulated water in the rock mass 1 can be effectively discharged outwards, the overall stability of the tunnel is improved, and accidents such as collapse are reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the construction method of the water-rich fault zone tunnel structure includes the steps of:
s1, earth excavation: excavating earth at a tunnel portal by using an excavator, excavating by adopting steps in a layered manner from top to bottom, arranging an off-tunnel intercepting ditch and a tunnel top intercepting ditch, protecting an uphill slope of the portal, excavating an open cut tunnel and excavating a tunnel body, wherein the excavating of the tunnel body adopts a CD excavating mode or a CDR excavating mode;
s2, primary support 6: spraying concrete on the inner side of the tunnel, reserving the position of a mounting hole of a drainage branch pipe 10, drilling a long hole 2 and a short hole 3 through a tunnel drilling machine after the concrete is solidified, then injecting mortar, inserting a long anchor pipe 4 and a short anchor pipe 5 before the mortar is solidified, and fixing the long anchor pipe 4 and the short anchor pipe 5 on the concrete;
s3, tunnel waterproofing: installing a branch drain pipe 10, an annular drain pipe 7, a longitudinal drain pipe, a transverse drain pipe 12 and a drain ditch 13, wherein filter cloth is fixed at one end of the branch drain pipe 10 close to the rock mass 1 and used for intercepting solid impurities;
s4, secondary lining 9: fixing the waterproof board 8, and then performing secondary lining 9 construction.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a tunnel boring machine includes a drill body and a drill rod. The drill rods include an outer rod 111, a rear link 112, a rear fixing plate 113, a front link 114, a scraper 115, a drill bit 116, a push rod 117, a front fixing plate 118, and a cylinder. The outer rod 111 is hollow and has one end fixed to the drill body, and the push rod 117 has one end fixed to the cylinder and the other end penetrating through the outer rod 111 and fixed to the drill bit 116. The cylinder is used for driving the push rod 117 to push forwards and backwards, and the cylinder is fixed in the outer rod 111 or fixed on the drilling machine body. The front fixing plate 118 is fixed at the rear side of the drill 116, the rear fixing plate 113 is fixed at the front end of the outer rod 111, one end of the rear connecting rod 112 is rotatably connected with the rear fixing plate 113, the other end of the rear connecting rod 112 is rotatably connected with the front connecting rod 114, one end of the front connecting rod 114 is rotatably connected with the rear connecting rod 112, and the other end of the front connecting rod is rotatably connected with the front fixing plate 118. A front fixing plate 118 is fixed to the other end of the tip of the drill bit 116, and a scraper 115 is fixed to the outside of the front link 114. A plurality of scrapers 115 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the front connecting rod 114, and the scrapers 115 are arranged on the front connecting rod 114 at equal intervals. The push rod 117 is provided with a front fixing plate 118, a rear fixing plate 113, a front link 114 and a rear link 112 at opposite sides.
In the technical scheme, the drill rods of the traditional tunnel drilling machine are all the drill rods with the same diameter, so that the drilled holes are all the holes with the same diameter, and therefore in order to drill the long holes 2 and the short holes 3 with variable diameters, the drill rods capable of drilling with the variable diameters are arranged, the push rod 117 is pulled through the air cylinder, the drill bit 116 moves back and forth, when the drill bit 116 moves back and forth, the included angle between the front connecting rod 114 and the rear connecting rod 112 is changed, and therefore the variable diameter holes can be drilled, and the tunnel drilling machine is simple and convenient to use.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications should also be construed as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a rich water fault zone tunnel structure, includes by outer and interior preliminary bracing (6), waterproof board (8) and secondary lining (9) that set gradually, its characterized in that: a long anchor pipe (4) and a short anchor pipe (5) are fixed in the primary support (6), and the long anchor pipe (4) and the short anchor pipe (5) penetrate through the primary support (6) and are anchored in a rock body (1) on the outer side of the primary support (6);
a long hole (2) and a short hole (3) filled with mortar are drilled in the primary support (6), the long hole (2) and the short hole (3) penetrate through the primary support (6) and extend into the rock body (1), the long anchor pipe (4) is inserted into the long hole (2), the short anchor pipe (5) is inserted into the short hole (3), and through holes for the mortar to enter are formed in the circumferential surfaces of the long anchor pipe (4) and the short anchor pipe (5);
the long hole (2) comprises a first small diameter section (21), a first large diameter section (22) and a first connecting section (23), the first small diameter section (21), the first large diameter section (22) and the first connecting section (23) are communicated, the short hole (3) comprises a second small diameter section (31), a second large diameter section (32) and a second connecting section (33), the second small diameter section (31), the second large diameter section (32) and the second connecting section (33) are communicated, and the first connecting section (23) is communicated with the second connecting section (33);
one end of the first large-diameter section (22) is inserted into the primary support (6), the other end of the first large-diameter section is inserted into the rock body (1) and communicated with the end part of the first small-diameter section (21), and the first connecting section (23) is positioned on the first large-diameter section (22);
the central axes of the first connecting section (23), the first large-diameter section (22) and the first small-diameter section (21) are all on the same straight line, the diameter of the first connecting section (23) is larger than that of the first large-diameter section (22), and the diameter of the first large-diameter section (22) is larger than that of the first small-diameter section (21);
one end of the second large-diameter section (32) is inserted into the primary support (6), the other end of the second large-diameter section is inserted into the rock body (1) and communicated with the end part of the second small-diameter section (31), and the second connecting section (33) is positioned on the second large-diameter section (32);
second linkage segment (33), second major diameter section (32) and second minor diameter section (31) center pin all are in same straight line, just second linkage segment (33) diameter is greater than second major diameter section (32) diameter, second major diameter section (32) diameter is greater than second minor diameter section (31) diameter.
2. The water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the first small-diameter section (21) is not smaller than that of the long anchor pipe (4).
3. The water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the second small-diameter section (31) is not smaller than that of the short anchor pipe (5).
4. The water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to claim 1, wherein: the drainage system comprises drainage branch pipes (10), a circumferential drainage pipe (7), a longitudinal drainage pipe, a transverse drainage pipe (12) and a drainage ditch (13);
the circumferential drainage pipe (7) is positioned between the primary support (6) and the waterproof plate (8), the circumferential drainage pipe (7) is laid along the direction of the inner wall of the primary support (6), one end of the drainage branch pipe (10) is communicated with the circumferential drainage pipe (7), and the other end of the drainage branch pipe is positioned on the outer side surface of the primary support (6) and is in contact with the rock mass (1);
longitudinal drain pipe, horizontal drain pipe (12) and escape canal (13) are located the tunnel both sides respectively, longitudinal drain pipe follows the longitudinal direction in tunnel sets up, horizontal drain pipe (12) are followed the horizontal direction in tunnel sets up, hoop drain pipe (7) with longitudinal drain pipe intercommunication, horizontal drain pipe (12) one end with longitudinal drain pipe intercommunication, the other end extends to in the escape canal (13).
5. The water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to claim 4, wherein: and filter cloth is fixed at the end part of the drainage branch pipe (10), and is positioned between the drainage branch pipe (10) and the rock body (1).
6. The method of constructing a water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, earth excavation: excavating earth at a tunnel portal by using an excavator, excavating by adopting steps in a layered manner from top to bottom, arranging an off-tunnel intercepting ditch and a tunnel top intercepting ditch, protecting an uphill slope of the portal, excavating an open cut tunnel and excavating a tunnel body, wherein the excavating of the tunnel body adopts a CD excavating mode or a CDR excavating mode;
s2, preliminary bracing (6): spraying concrete on the inner side of the tunnel, reserving a mounting hole position of a drainage branch pipe (10), drilling a long hole (2) and a short hole (3) through a tunnel drilling machine after the concrete is solidified, then injecting mortar, inserting a long anchor pipe (4) and a short anchor pipe (5) before the mortar is solidified, and fixing the long anchor pipe (4) and the short anchor pipe (5) on the concrete;
s3, tunnel waterproofing: installing a drainage branch pipe (10), an annular drainage pipe (7), a longitudinal drainage pipe, a transverse drainage pipe (12) and a drainage ditch (13), wherein filter cloth is fixed at one end of the drainage branch pipe (10) close to the rock mass (1) and used for intercepting solid impurities;
s4, secondary lining (9): fixing the waterproof board (8), and then performing secondary lining (9) construction.
7. The construction method of the water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the tunnel boring machine comprises a boring machine body and a boring rod, wherein the boring rod comprises an outer rod (111), a rear connecting rod (112), a rear fixing plate (113), a front connecting rod (114), a scraper (115), a drill bit (116), a push rod (117), a front fixing plate (118) and a cylinder;
the outer rod (111) is arranged in a hollow mode, one end of the outer rod is fixed to the drilling machine body, one end of the push rod (117) is fixed to the air cylinder, the other end of the push rod penetrates through the outer rod (111) and is fixed to the drill bit (116), and the air cylinder is used for driving the push rod (117) to push forwards and backwards;
the front fixing plate (118) is fixed on the rear side of the drill bit (116), the rear fixing plate (113) is fixed at the front end of the outer rod (111), one end of the rear connecting rod (112) is rotatably connected with the rear fixing plate (113), the other end of the rear connecting rod is rotatably connected with the front connecting rod (114), one end of the front connecting rod (114) is rotatably connected with the rear connecting rod (112), and the other end of the front connecting rod is rotatably connected with the front fixing plate (118);
the scraper (115) is fixed on the outer side of the front connecting rod (114).
8. The construction method of the water-rich fault zone tunnel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: a plurality of scrapers (115) are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the front connecting rod (114), and the plurality of scrapers (115) are arranged on the front connecting rod (114) at equal intervals.
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| CN108678777A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-19 | 中交路桥北方工程有限公司 | The method for protecting support of Tunnel Crushed Zone section |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101985882A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2011-03-16 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Construction method of rigid primary support of mould-building concrete of plateau permafrost tunnel |
| CN103195442A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | Even-grouting structure of coal mine tunnel and construction technology thereof |
| CN106120706A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 浙大宁波理工学院科技研究院有限公司 | Foundation-reinforcing device and foundation reinforcement method |
| CN108678777A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-19 | 中交路桥北方工程有限公司 | The method for protecting support of Tunnel Crushed Zone section |
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