CN111074801A - Sand blocking fence accumulated sand cleaning method, sand guiding embankment structure and wind sand protection system - Google Patents
Sand blocking fence accumulated sand cleaning method, sand guiding embankment structure and wind sand protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111074801A CN111074801A CN201911414850.5A CN201911414850A CN111074801A CN 111074801 A CN111074801 A CN 111074801A CN 201911414850 A CN201911414850 A CN 201911414850A CN 111074801 A CN111074801 A CN 111074801A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/02—Snow fences or similar devices, e.g. devices affording protection against sand drifts or side-wind effects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
- E04H17/16—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts using prefabricated panel-like elements, e.g. wired frames
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of wind sand control, and discloses a sand blocking fence accumulated sand cleaning method, a sand guiding embankment structure and a wind sand protection system, wherein the sand accumulation cleaning method comprises the following steps: before the sand accumulation height outside the sand blocking fence reaches a preset height, carrying out sand accumulation transfer; constructing at least one sand guide dike outside the sand blocking fence by utilizing the transferred accumulated sand; the sand guide dike and the sand blocking fence are arranged in parallel. According to the sand accumulation cleaning method for the sand blocking fence, the sand guide dike structure and the wind sand protection system, the sand guide dike is constructed on the outer side of the sand blocking fence by utilizing the accumulated sand, so that the problem of sand accumulation cleaning of the sand blocking fence is solved, the accumulated sand which is originally difficult to treat is converted into the sand guide dike on site, and the principle of adapting to local conditions is met; and the sand guide dike has good sand guide and prevention functions, not only has the sand prevention function, but also can effectively reduce the sand coming amount of the sand-blocking fence, thereby achieving the function of protecting the sand-blocking fence and the engineering area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind and sand prevention and control, in particular to a sand accumulation cleaning method for a sand blocking fence, a sand guide dike structure and a wind and sand protection system.
Background
The sand-blocking fence is one of the most important measures in the wind and sand engineering, is the frontmost edge of the outermost periphery of the whole wind and sand protection system, plays roles in blocking sand substances and reducing wind speed, and plays a vital role in the whole wind and sand engineering. Sand barriers vary in function, purpose and industry, and are called variously, such as: sand blocking walls, sand blocking nets and the like; depending on the materials, shapes and functions used, the materials can be classified into various types, such as: concrete sand-blocking fences, new material sand-blocking fences, metal material sand-blocking fences, and the like. The sand barrier allows sand material to accumulate in its vicinity, the sand accumulation pattern of which is related to the porosity of the sand barrier, the sand transport capacity and the wind conditions. The sand accumulation of the non-ventilation sand-blocking fence is mainly arranged on the outer side outside the fence, namely the windward side of the fence. Once the sand accumulation amount of the sand-blocking fence exceeds the optimal height, the sand-blocking efficiency of the sand-blocking fence can be reduced or even failed, and sand substances can climb over the sand-blocking fence and enter the inner side of the fence. Therefore, in general engineering, the sand blocking fence is cleaned before the sand accumulation height is close to the optimal sand accumulation height, and the prior sand accumulation cleaning mainly adopts manpower or machinery to convey the accumulated sand to a designated storage point.
The existing method for cleaning the accumulated sand of the sand-blocking fence has the following problems: the manual or mechanical sand cleaning cost is high, accumulated sand needs to be cleaned and transported to a designated storage point, the distance is long, and the engineering cost is high; engineering projects generally only have the authorities such as excavation migration to the soil sand in the project area, and the authorities such as excavation migration to the accumulated sand outside the sand blocking fence are not, and the regulations in the aspects of water conservation, environmental evaluation, ecology and the like are involved, so that the execution difficulty is high if the procedures of relevant approval are carried out to other places; frequent large-project sand removal easily causes damage to the sand blocking fence, and the service life of the sand blocking fence is easily reduced; the accumulated sand is mainly wind-blown sand, the utilization value is very low, and the storage and treatment of a large amount of accumulated sand are also very difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a sand accumulation cleaning method for a sand blocking fence, a sand guide embankment structure and a wind sand protection system, which are used for solving or partially solving the problems of high sand cleaning cost, long distance, high engineering cost and high implementation difficulty of the conventional sand accumulation cleaning method for the sand blocking fence.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for cleaning accumulated sand of a sand-blocking fence, which comprises the following steps: before the sand accumulation height outside the sand blocking fence reaches a preset height, carrying out sand accumulation transfer; constructing at least one sand guide dike outside the sand blocking fence by utilizing the transferred accumulated sand; the sand guide dike and the sand blocking fence are arranged in parallel.
On the basis of the scheme, the specific process of accumulated sand transfer is as follows: and the accumulated sand transfer is carried out from a position far away from the sand-blocking fence to a position close to the sand-blocking fence in sequence.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: after at least one sand guide bank on the periphery of one sand guide bank is constructed, planting sandy plants on the sand guide bank; and firstly planting the sand plants on the lee side of the sand guide dike.
On the basis of the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: when the sand blocking fences are provided with a plurality of channels, accumulated sand is sequentially cleaned from the sand blocking fences on the outermost side inwards.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sand guide embankment structure, including: the sand guide embankment is formed by sand accumulation outside the first sand blocking fence and arranged in parallel with the first sand blocking fence.
On the basis of the scheme, the cross section of the sand guide embankment is triangular or trapezoidal; the slope of the leeward slope of the sand guide embankment is greater than the slope of the windward slope; and at least one second sand blocking fence is arranged at the top of the sand guide embankment.
On the basis of the scheme, the sand guide embankments are sequentially arranged outwards on the outer side of the first sand blocking fence; the sand guide embankment is provided with gap channels at intervals along the length direction.
On the basis of the scheme, the sand guide embankments on the outer sides of the two intersected first sand blocking fences are correspondingly intersected.
On the basis of the scheme, the sand guide embankment is planted with the sand plants.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sand storm protection system which comprises the sand guide embankment structure.
According to the sand accumulation cleaning method for the sand blocking fence, the sand guide dike structure and the wind sand protection system, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sand guide dike is constructed on the outer side of the sand blocking fence by utilizing the accumulated sand, so that the problem of cleaning the accumulated sand of the sand blocking fence is solved, the accumulated sand which is originally difficult to treat is converted into the sand guide dike on site, the principle of adapting to the local conditions is met, and the engineering cost and the implementation difficulty are reduced; the sand guide dike has good sand guide and prevention functions, so that the sand guide dike has the sand prevention function, and effectively reduces the sand coming amount of the sand-blocking fence, thereby achieving the function of protecting the sand-blocking fence; the sand guide dike has the function of guiding sand, and can convert the original sand flow which is vertical to the sand blocking fence and is impacted into the direction which tends to be parallel to the sand blocking fence, thereby reducing the pressure of the sand flow and achieving the aim of controlling the sand by sand.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first sand barrier and its sand accumulation structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a first sand guide bank structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a structure of three sand guide banks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a multi-course sand-blocking fence in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a first sand guide bank structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of the airflow direction caused by the first sand guide bank according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a sand guide dam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of another exemplary embodiment of a sand guide dam;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another exemplary embodiment of a sand guide dam structure for changing the direction of airflow;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first side of a second sand barrier of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a second side view of a second sand blocking barrier of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a gap passage on a sand guide dam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic layout of a sand wind protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of another wind and sand protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a sand storm prevention system for planting sand-grown plants in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
wherein, 1, a first sand-blocking fence; 101. a first sand blocking fence; 102. a second sand blocking fence; 103. a third sand blocking fence; 2. accumulating sand; 3. a first sand guide dike; 4. a windward slope; 5. a leeward slope; 6. a ridge portion; 7. a second sand guide dike; 8. a third sand guide dike; 9. a second sand blocking fence; 10. a trapezoid sand guide dike; 11. a bank top platform; 12. a notched channel; 13. an engineering area; 14. a psammophyte.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for cleaning accumulated sand of a sand blocking fence, and with reference to figures 1 and 2, the method for cleaning the accumulated sand comprises the following steps: before the height of the accumulated sand 2 on the outer side of the sand blocking fence reaches a preset height, transferring the accumulated sand 2; constructing at least one sand guide dike outside the sand blocking fence by utilizing the transferred accumulated sand 2; the sand guide dike and the sand blocking fence are arranged in parallel.
In the method for clearing accumulated sand of the sand-blocking fence provided by the embodiment, the accumulated sand 2 outside the sand-blocking fence is utilized, and the sand-guiding embankment is constructed outside the sand-blocking fence, so that the effect of clearing the accumulated sand 2 can be achieved, and the sand-preventing capability can be enhanced through the sand-guiding embankment. The sand guide dike is a dike structure constructed by the accumulated sand 2. The sand guide dike is parallel to the sand blocking fence, namely the length direction of the sand guide dike is parallel to the length direction of the sand blocking fence, so that the sand guide dike stands outside the sand blocking fence to play a role in sand prevention.
According to the method for clearing accumulated sand of the sand-blocking fence, the sand guide dike is constructed on the outer side of the sand-blocking fence by utilizing the accumulated sand 2, so that the problem of clearing the accumulated sand 2 of the sand-blocking fence is solved, the accumulated sand 2 which is difficult to treat is converted into the sand guide dike on site, the principle of adapting to local conditions is met, and the engineering cost and the implementation difficulty are reduced; the sand guide dike has good sand guide and prevention functions, so that the sand guide dike has the sand prevention function, and effectively reduces the sand coming amount of the sand-blocking fence, thereby achieving the function of protecting the sand-blocking fence; referring to fig. 6 and 9, the sand guiding embankment has the function of guiding sand, so that the original sand flow impacting perpendicular to the sand blocking fence can be converted into the direction of being parallel to the sand blocking fence, sand substances are conveyed out of the protection area, the pressure of the sand flow is reduced, and the aim of controlling sand by sand is achieved.
The sand accumulation cleaning method for the sand blocking fence has the advantages of short sand cleaning distance, low mechanical sand cleaning cost and low engineering cost, and the construction is implemented on site, does not relate to outward sand transportation substances, meets the requirements of water conservation, environmental evaluation, ecology and the like, does not relate to procedures such as approval and the like, is convenient and simple to construct, and has small damage to the fence.
Furthermore, the sand-blocking fence is generally arranged at the periphery of the protected area (namely the engineering area 13), and the sand-blocking fence blocks wind sand from blowing into the protected area through physical blocking at the periphery of the protected area, so that wind sand protection of the protected area is realized. The inner side and the outer side refer to the inner side and the outer side of the protected area, namely the engineering area 13, the side facing the engineering area 13 is the inner side, and the side facing away from the project area is the outer side. The windward side, the upwind direction, i.e., the side through which the main wind passes first, i.e., the arrow direction side in fig. 1 and 2, and the leeward side, the downwind direction, i.e., the side through which the main wind passes later.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the specific process of the accumulated sand 2 transfer is as follows: the accumulated sand 2 is transferred from a position far away from the sand-blocking fence to a position close to the sand-blocking fence in sequence.
The embodiment provides a method for cleaning accumulated sand of a sand blocking fence, which mainly comprises the following steps:
the engineering area 13 sand-blocking fence is generally arranged along four azimuth boundaries around the engineering area 13, and the four azimuth boundaries are respectively: east, west, south, north. Firstly, calculating the height of the accumulated sand 2 of the sand-blocking fence, wherein the height of the accumulated sand 2 is the vertical height of the highest point of the accumulated sand 2. The maximum value of the height of the accumulated sand 2 is generally the height of the sand blocking fence, namely when the height of the accumulated sand 2 is higher than that of the sand blocking fence, wind sand can turn over the sand blocking fence and blow towards the inner side of the sand blocking fence. Therefore, the preset height can be set as the height of the sand blocking fence, namely, the accumulated sand 2 is cleaned and transferred before the accumulated sand 2 reaches the height of the sand blocking fence. Preferably, the accumulated sand 2 is cleaned and transferred when the height of the accumulated sand 2 reaches 70-80% of the height of the sand blocking fence.
And clearing accumulated sand 2 of the sand-blocking fence. The accumulated sand 2 near the sand-blocking fence is pushed away from the sand-blocking fence by adopting a crawler dozer. The sand blocking fence is gradually cleaned from far to near, because the wind-deposited sand 2 has no viscosity, after the peripheral deposited sand 2 is cleaned, the deposited sand 2 close to the sand blocking fence automatically collapses and is then cleaned. The crawler dozer and the bucket thereof cannot be too close to the sand blocking fence, on one hand, the crawler dozer is easy to press the sand blocking fence when pushing and accumulating sand 2, and once the pressure limit is exceeded, the sand blocking fence is easy to incline or even topple; on the other hand, a bucket of the bulldozer is easy to shovel to supporting facilities such as a sand blocking fence, a stand column and a pull rope, and damage is caused.
And (3) transporting the accumulated sand 2 of the sand-blocking fence to a position 8-20m away from the distance between the sand-blocking fence and accumulating, wherein the width of the lowest surface of the accumulated sand 2 is 7-25 m.
The accumulated sand 2 is built into a sand guide bank, referring to figures 2 and 8, a crawler excavator is adopted to pile the accumulated sand 2 from two sides by using an excavator bucket, the sand guide bank with a triangular or trapezoidal section is built, the sand guide bank comprises an upwind slope 4, a leeward slope 5 and a top (a ridge 6 or a bank top platform 11), because the accumulated sand 2 is aeolian sand, has no viscosity and is loose particles, the maximum slope of the formed accumulated sand 2 in free sedimentation is the natural repose angle, and the natural repose angle of the accumulated sand 2 is 30-33 degrees, referring to figure 2, the leeward side of the sand guide bank has the natural repose angle, namely α degrees130-33 deg. the windward side increases the sand 2 amount and slows down the slope when it reaches the natural angle of repose to β1At 25-30 degrees, most preferably, β degrees1＜α1。
The method for forming the sand guide bank for sand control by sand accumulation provided by the embodiment is characterized in that the slope of the windward slope of the sand guide bank is smaller than the slope of the leeward slope, the structural principle of the formed sand guide bank is from a linear sand dune in the nature, the linear sand dune is a sand dune which is naturally formed in the nature and has a linear structure, the sand guide bank has sand guide and sand control functions, the slopes on the two sides of the sand dune are different, and a clear windward slope and a leeward slope are formed, and the windward slope is in the direction of sand coming and is gentle and serves as a sand transporting function; the leeward slope has the wind guiding function, the moving direction of sand substances is changed, the sand substances are a main deposition area, the sand substances are deposited at an approximate natural angle of repose, and the structure ensures that a sand dune structure exists stably for a long time, so that the natural world and a linear sand dune can keep the form unchanged for a long time. The principle of the sand guide bank structure proposed in this embodiment is derived from the formation mechanism of linear sand dunes, because one of the main features of the sand guide bank structure is to ensure that the sand guide bank structure formed by artificial action can keep the form stable for a long time without the action of more artificial measures, otherwise, the form is easily blown away by wind sand, and the durability is not good, so that the sand prevention effect cannot be achieved. Many researches on sand guiding embankments have been made, but most of them are based on external assistance to fix and stabilize the surface of sand guiding embankment by comparing materials such as curing agent, gravel, concrete and the like, so as to prevent deformation. The sand guide embankment formed by the embodiment does not need the measure of external solidification surface, and the sand guide embankment has the advantages that the form is enlarged proportionally along with the increase of accumulated sand, the continuity and the form non-fixation are realized, the process is gradually developed, and the sand guide and prevention effect is more obvious in the later period.
When the sand blocking fence cleans the accumulated sand 2 for the first time, the accumulated sand 2 amount is smaller, so the formed sand guiding embankment is smaller, and the height of the sand guiding embankment is higher and higher along with the increase of the sand cleaning times. The method for cleaning the accumulated sand of the sand blocking fence further comprises the following steps: the sand guide embankment is formed by cleaning accumulated sand for many times. The sand guide embankment is not formed at one time, because the sand accumulation of the fence is less at the beginning, the sand guide embankment formed at the beginning is smaller, but the sand guide embankment is gradually accumulated along with the sand accumulation year by year, the sand guide embankment is larger and larger, and finally the ideal height is achieved.
In addition, when accumulated sand is piled up on the sand guide embankment year by year, the sand guide embankment piled up in the previous year is deformed, and maintenance is needed when the sand guide embankment is piled up again. If necessary, the structure of the sand guide dam can be maintained irregularly to maintain the ideal state as much as possible.
Referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment, 1-3 sand guide dikes may be constructed outside the first sand guide dike 3 to form a second sand guide dike 7 and a third sand guide dike 8, and the construction method and process are the same as those of the first sand guide dike 3. The distance between the sand guide dikes is 13-25m, preferably 15-20 m.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, with reference to fig. 15, a method for cleaning sand accumulated in a sand-blocking fence 2 further includes: after at least one sand guide bank on the periphery of one sand guide bank is constructed, planting sandy plants 14 on the sand guide bank; and firstly planting the sand plants 14 on the lee slope 5 side of the sand guide embankment. That is, the present embodiment proposes that it is also possible to plant a sand-bearing plant 14 on a sand guide bank, convert the sand guide bank into a biological sand control bank, convert engineering sand control into biological sand control, improve sand control capability, and facilitate long-term sustainable sand control.
Furthermore, when the periphery of one sand guide dike is protected, the sand plants 14 can be planted on the sand guide dike, and the survival rate of the sand plants 14 can be improved. For example: the outer side of the sand-blocking fence is provided with a first sand guide dike 3, a second sand guide dike 7 and a third sand guide dike 8 or more in sequence, and when the second sand guide dike 7 or the third sand guide dike 8 is constructed, the first sand guide dike 3 is planted with the sand-growing plants 14.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, a method for clearing accumulated sand of a sand-blocking fence further comprises: when the sand blocking fences are provided with a plurality of channels, accumulated sand is sequentially cleaned from the sand blocking fences on the outermost side inwards.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, taking three sand-blocking fences as an example, three sand-blocking fences located at the periphery of the engineering area are sequentially arranged outward at intervals, namely a first sand-blocking fence 101, a second sand-blocking fence 102 and a third sand-blocking fence 103. The sequence of clearing the sand is that clearing the sand from outside to inside, clearing the accumulated sand of the third sand-blocking fence 103 at the outermost periphery, clearing the accumulated sand of the second sand-blocking fence 102, and clearing the accumulated sand of the first sand-blocking fence 101. Because the wind sand is blown from outside to inside, the sand blocking fence outside is cleaned to accumulate the sand, so that the sand blocking benefit of the fence outside can be improved immediately, the sand blocking fence inside can be ensured not to be damaged by coming sand temporarily, the fence can be cleaned safely, and the project area can be ensured not to be damaged by coming sand, so that the high efficiency of the sand cleaning work is ensured to the maximum extent.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, further, the present embodiment provides a sand guiding embankment structure, which is used in the method for clearing sand accumulated in the sand blocking fence 2 in the foregoing embodiments, and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the sand guiding embankment structure includes: the sand guide dike is formed by sand accumulation 2 outside the first sand blocking fence 1 and is arranged in parallel with the first sand blocking fence 1.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to fig. 2 and 8, the cross section of the sand guide embankment is triangular or trapezoidal; the slope of the leeward slope 5 of the sand guide embankment is greater than the slope of the windward slope 4. The slope of the leeward slope 5 of the sand guide embankment is 30-33 degrees, and the slope of the windward slope 4 of the sand guide embankment is 25-30 degrees.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further referring to fig. 7, 10 and 11, the top of the sand guide bank is provided with at least one second sand blocking fence 9. The height of the second sand-blocking fence 9 extending out of the sand guide embankment is 1-3 m.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to fig. 3, a plurality of sand guiding embankments are sequentially arranged outwards on the outer side of the first sand-blocking fence 1; referring to fig. 12, the sand guide embankment is provided with gap channels 12 at intervals along the length direction. The distance between two adjacent notched channels 12 is 100-200 m.
Referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, a sand guiding embankment structure is provided based on the above sand-blocking fence cleaning method, a cross section of the sand guiding embankment structure is a nearly triangular structure, the sand guiding embankment includes a windward slope 4, a leeward slope 5, a ridge 6, a leeward slope 5 slope α of the sand guiding embankment1At its natural angle of repose, i.e. α130-33 deg. the windward slope 4 increases the amount of accumulated sand 2 and slows down the slope when it reaches the natural angle of repose to β1Is 25-30 deg., optimally β1＜α1。
The sand guiding dike is constructed by piling up the accumulated sand 2 near the first sand blocking fence 1. The trend of the sand guiding embankment is parallel to the trend of the first sand blocking fence 1. The maximum height of the sand guide embankment, namely the height of the ridge 6 from the ground surface, is the maximum height, and the width of the bottom of the sand guide embankment is 7-25 m.
Referring to figure 7, the sand guide levee is provided with a second sand barrier 9 at its ridge 6, running along its ridge 6. Preferably, the second sand-blocking fence 9 is made of a new material, such as a high-rise sand-blocking net, which can be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), Polyethylene (PE), etc., because the material is light and has a porosity of 50-70%, the material is easy to be arranged on a sand dune, and the shape of the sand-accumulating 2 bank is not easy to change. The height of the second sand-blocking fence 9 extending out of the sand guide embankment is 1-3m, and the optimal height is 1.5m, so that the height is not too high.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in another embodiment, a sand guide bank structure based on a sand-blocking fence cleaning method is provided, a cross section of the sand guide bank in the sand guide bank structure is nearly trapezoidal to form a trapezoidal sand guide bank 10, the trapezoidal sand guide bank 10 includes a windward slope 4, a leeward slope 5, and a bank top platform 11, the leeward slope 5 of the trapezoidal sand guide bank 10 is a slope α2At its natural angle of repose, i.e. α230-33 deg. the windward slope 4 increases the amount of accumulated sand 2 and slows down the slope when it reaches the natural angle of repose to β2Is 25-30 deg., optimally β2＜α2。
The trapezoidal sand guiding dike 10 runs parallel to the first sand blocking fence 1. The width of the bottom of the trapezoid sand guiding embankment 10 is 7-25 m. Referring to fig. 10, the ladder-shaped sand guide bank 10 may be provided with a second sand blocking fence 9 at a bank top platform 11 thereof, which is located at the middle of the bank top platform 11. Referring to fig. 11, the trapezoid sand guiding embankment 10 may further include two second sand blocking fences 9 disposed on the top platform 11 and located at two side edges of the top platform 11.
The second sand barrier 9 provided in this embodiment runs along its sand guide bank. Preferably, the second sand-blocking fence 9 is made of a new material, such as a high-rise sand-blocking net, which can be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), Polyethylene (PE), etc., because the material is light and has a porosity of 50-70%, the material is easy to be arranged on a sand dune, and the shape of the sand-accumulating 2 bank is not easy to change. The height of the second sand-blocking fence 9 extending out of the sand guide embankment is 1-3m, and the optimal height is 1.5m, so that the height is not too high.
Further, in the above embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the sand guide bank is formed by disposing a gap channel 12 at an interval of 100-200m, and the width of the gap channel 12 is 6-10 m. Namely, the sand guide embankment is divided into a plurality of sections by the gap channels 12 along the length direction, and the adjacent two sections are disconnected by the gap channels 12 to form a channel, so that the sand guide embankment can be conveniently constructed.
The gap passage 12 can facilitate the passage of sand cleaning vehicles and personnel, and can also block sand substances and slow down the migration speed of the sand substances along the sand guide embankment. Because the sand guide embankment is a sand body which accords with the fluid law and has the self-repairing function, the gap channel 12 is arranged and can self-repair, and the transporting speed of sand materials along the sand guide embankment is slowed down to a certain extent.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the sand guiding embankments outside the two intersecting first sand-blocking fences 1 are correspondingly intersected. The sand guide dike is planted with sand plants.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the distance between the sand guiding embankment close to the first sand-blocking fence 1 and the first sand-blocking fence 1 is 8-20 m; the distance between two adjacent sand guide dams is 13-25 m; the width of the bottom of the sand guide embankment is 7-25 m.
Further, the first sand blocking fence 1 is a fence arranged around the engineering area 13; the second sand blocking fence 9 is the fence arranged on the sand guide embankment. The distance between the sand guiding embankment close to the first sand blocking fence 1 and the first sand blocking fence 1 is the distance between the side edge of the sand guiding embankment bottom close to the first sand blocking fence 1 and the first sand blocking fence 1, namely the blank distance between the sand guiding embankment bottom close to the first sand blocking fence 1 and the first sand blocking fence 1.
The space between two adjacent sand guide embankments is the space between two adjacent side edges of the bottoms of the two adjacent sand guide embankments, namely the blank space between the two sand guide embankments. The width of the bottom of the sand guide embankment is the distance between two side edges of the bottom of the sand guide embankment.
On the basis of the above embodiments, further, the present embodiment provides a sand storm protection system, including the sand guide embankment structure described in any of the above embodiments. The present embodiment also provides a comprehensive protection system, which is composed of a sand-blocking fence and at least one sand-guiding embankment structure mentioned in the above embodiments.
Further, a sand wind protection system still includes first sand blocking fence. A sand storm protection system further comprises a sand plant.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 13, in the embodiment, for northwest wind and sand areas of China, mainly northwest wind is taken as the main part, so that the sand blocking fences at the north side and the west side of the protected engineering area 13 are the areas with the most serious wind and sand damage, and therefore the wind and sand protection systems provided according to the above embodiment are arranged at the two sides, so that the effects of blocking sand and guiding sand can be effectively achieved.
Furthermore, 1-3 sand guide embankments are arranged on the outer side of the sand blocking fence on the north side boundary, and the sand guide embankments are formed by cleaning accumulated sand 2 near the sand blocking fence. The west end of the first sand guiding embankment 3 on the north side is connected with the north end of the first sand guiding embankment 3 on the west side to form a right angle. The east end of the first sand guide bank 3 on the north side is equal to the tail end of the fence on the north side. The second sand guide bank 7 and the third sand guide bank 8 on the north side have the same arrangement method as the first sand guide bank 3.
The outer side of the west side sand blocking fence is provided with 1-3 sand guide embankments, and the sand guide embankments are formed by cleaning accumulated sand 2 near the sand blocking fence. The north end of the west first sand guiding embankment 3 is connected with the west end of the north first sand guiding embankment 3 to form a right angle. The south end of the west first sand guide dike 3 is equal to the tail end of the west sand blocking fence in length. The method for arranging the second sand guide dike 7 and the third sand guide dike 8 on the west side is the same as that of the first sand guide dike 3.
In this embodiment, the sand guide embankment has no gap passage 12. Further, referring to fig. 14, in another embodiment, the sand guide embankment is provided with a gap passage 12.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further referring to fig. 15, in the present embodiment, in the wind sand protection system provided in the above embodiment, after the second sand guide bank 7 or the third sand guide bank 8 is provided on the north side and the west side, the sand dune of the first sand guide bank 3 is relatively stable due to the protection effect of the second sand guide bank 7 and the third sand guide bank 8. On the first sand bank 3, the sand plant 14 is planted, preferably, the spindle, the floral rod and the rose willow are taken as main parts.
Furthermore, the sand plants 14 are planted on the lee slope 5 side of the sand guide bank firstly, the sand plants 14 grow stably along with the lee slope 5, and then the sand guide bank ridge 6 and the windward slope 4 are planted.
In another embodiment, further, after the third sand guide bank 8 is arranged, the second sand guide bank 7 may also plant the sand-living plants 14 according to the first sand guide bank 3.
The sand guiding plant 14 growing on the sand guiding embankment in the embodiment can further fix the sand guiding embankment, and meanwhile, sand prevention and sand blocking can be better, finally, the sand guiding embankment forms a biological sand preventing embankment, and the sand guiding plant grows gradually along with the sand guiding plant 14, so that the protection system is more mature and perfect, the wind and sand protection efficiency can be further enhanced, and the protection range is further increased.
Further, after the growth of the sand plants 14 on the first sand guiding embankment 7 and the second sand guiding embankment 7 is stable, the fourth sand guiding embankment and the fifth sand guiding embankment can be continuously arranged on the outer side of the third sand guiding embankment 8 according to the method for arranging the second sand guiding embankment 8 and the third sand guiding embankment 8, and so on.
Furthermore, after the fourth sand guide embankment and the fifth sand guide embankment are arranged, the third sand guide embankment and the fourth sand guide embankment on the inner sides of the sand guide embankments can be planted with the sand plants 14 to form a new biological sand control embankment, and so on. Thus forming a sustainable comprehensive protection system.
Furthermore, the number of the sand guide embankments on the outer side of the sand blocking fence can be flexibly set according to actual needs without limitation. Preferably, 1-3 sand guide dams are arranged on the outer side of the sand blocking fence, and if the number of the sand guide dams is too small, an effective sand prevention effect cannot be achieved; the sand guide embankment is arranged in an excessive number, and the windproof effect of the sand guide embankment exceeds the sand prevention requirement of the protected area, so that labor waste is caused.
The embodiment relates to the field of sand wind prevention and control, in particular to a sand blocking fence sand accumulation 2 cleaning method, a sand guide embankment structure and a sand wind protection system, and is particularly suitable for sand wind protection of a desert engineering area 13.
The method for clearing the accumulated sand 2 of the sand-blocking fence, the sand guide dike structure and the wind sand protection system solve the problem of clearing the accumulated sand 2 of the sand-blocking fence, and convert the accumulated sand 2 which is difficult to treat into the sand guide dike on site, so that the principle of adjusting the conditions according to the local conditions is satisfied; the sand guide dike has good sand guide and prevention functions, so that the sand guide dike has the sand prevention function, and effectively reduces the sand coming amount of the sand-blocking fence, thereby achieving the function of protecting the sand-blocking fence; and it has the function of guiding sand, and can change the original sand flow perpendicular to the sand-blocking fence into the direction parallel to the sand-blocking fence, reducing the pressure of sand flow, and achieving the purpose of controlling sand with sand.
The method for cleaning the sand accumulated 2 of the sand-blocking fence has the advantages of short sand cleaning distance, low mechanical sand cleaning cost and low engineering cost, and the construction is implemented on site, does not relate to outward sand transportation substances, meets the requirements of water conservation, environmental evaluation, ecology and the like, does not relate to procedures such as approval and the like, and is convenient and simple to construct and has small damage to the fence.
The sand guide dike structure provided by the embodiment uses sand on site, and uses the sand blocking fence sand accumulation 2 as a raw material for constructing the sand guide dike, so that the cost is low, the implementation is convenient, the harm is turned into the benefit, and the engineering guidance value is good.
The sand storm protection system provided by this embodiment may include any one of the sand guide embankment structures described in the above embodiments, or the sand blocking fence and the sand guide embankment may be integrally formed into a comprehensive protection system, and the comprehensive protection system may further include plants growing in sand, so as to achieve the effect of sand storm comprehensive protection. And the original local wind sand flow is guided to the outer side of the project area, so that the wind sand damage problem is solved from two sources of a sand source and a main wind direction. This comprehensive protection system is a sustainable protection system, and later stage growth plant above that can lead the sand bank to change into biological sand control embankment, changes engineering sand control into biological sand control, more is favorable to solving the problem of desert engineering district 13 sand storm disasters.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "upwind", "downwind", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for cleaning accumulated sand of a sand-blocking fence is characterized by comprising the following steps:
before the sand accumulation height outside the sand blocking fence reaches a preset height, carrying out sand accumulation transfer;
constructing at least one sand guide dike outside the sand blocking fence by utilizing the transferred accumulated sand;
the sand guide dike and the sand blocking fence are arranged in parallel.
2. The method for cleaning the accumulated sand of the sand-blocking fence according to claim 1, wherein the concrete process of the accumulated sand transfer is as follows:
and the accumulated sand transfer is carried out from a position far away from the sand-blocking fence to a position close to the sand-blocking fence in sequence.
3. The method for cleaning the accumulated sand of the sand-blocking fence as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
after at least one sand guide bank on the periphery of one sand guide bank is constructed, planting sandy plants on the sand guide bank; and firstly planting the sand plants on the lee side of the sand guide dike.
4. The method for cleaning the accumulated sand of the sand-blocking fence as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
when the sand blocking fences are provided with a plurality of channels, accumulated sand is sequentially cleaned from the sand blocking fences on the outermost side inwards.
5. A sand guide bank structure comprising: the sand guide embankment is formed by sand accumulation outside the first sand blocking fence and arranged in parallel with the first sand blocking fence.
6. The sand guide dam structure according to claim 5, wherein the cross section of the sand guide dam is triangular or trapezoidal; the slope of the leeward slope of the sand guide embankment is greater than the slope of the windward slope; and at least one second sand blocking fence is arranged at the top of the sand guide embankment.
7. The sand guide dam structure of claim 5 wherein a plurality of said sand guide dams are sequentially disposed outwardly of said first sand blocking barrier; the sand guide embankment is provided with gap channels at intervals along the length direction.
8. The sand guide dam structure of claim 5 wherein the sand guide dams outside the two intersecting first sand barrier bars are correspondingly intersected.
9. The sand guide dam structure of claim 5 wherein said sand guide dam is planted with sand plants.
10. A sand storm protection system comprising a sand guide dam structure as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 9.
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| CN112941995A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-11 | 石河子大学 | Combined engineering system for embankment type roadbed sand prevention and flood control functions |
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