CN111074147A - Powder metallurgy material for rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Powder metallurgy material for rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111074147A
CN111074147A CN201811215494.XA CN201811215494A CN111074147A CN 111074147 A CN111074147 A CN 111074147A CN 201811215494 A CN201811215494 A CN 201811215494A CN 111074147 A CN111074147 A CN 111074147A
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powder metallurgy
rare earth
metallurgy material
compression
temperature
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邹勇平
吕廷镇
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Wuxi Hengteli Metal Products Co ltd
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Wuxi Hengteli Metal Products Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • B22F1/0003
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02Compacting only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017Multiple heating or additional steps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear and a preparation method thereof, wherein the powder metallurgy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 14-29% of Si, 12-35% of Cu, 2-7% of Mn, 0.4-1.7% of Ti, 0.6-1.3% of P, 0.4-1.1% of Y, 1.1-1.9% of Co, 0.3-1.4% of Sc and the balance of Fe, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) ball-milling the raw materials, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the time is 3.5-4.5 h; (2) putting the material into a mold, pressurizing to 535-625 MPa, and pressing to obtain 3 with the density of 5.5-7.8 g/m; (3) and sintering the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding at a high temperature, wherein the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.

Description

Powder metallurgy material for rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a powder metallurgy material for a compression-resistant gear containing rare earth and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Powder metallurgy sintering is performed below the melting point of the base metal, so that most refractory metals and their compounds can be manufactured only by powder metallurgy at present; the incompactness of powder metallurgy pressing is beneficial to preparing porous materials, bearings, antifriction materials and the like by controlling the density and porosity of products; the size of powder metallurgy compacted products is infinitely close to the final finished product size (no machining or little machining is required). The material utilization rate is high, so that metal can be greatly saved, and the product cost is reduced; the powder metallurgy products are produced by pressing the same die, the consistency among the workpieces is good, and the powder metallurgy products are suitable for the production of large-batch parts, in particular to products with high processing cost such as gears and the like; powder metallurgy can ensure the correctness and uniformity of materials through the proportion of components, and moreover, sintering is generally carried out in vacuum or reducing atmosphere, so that the materials are not polluted or oxidized, and high-purity materials can be prepared.
But some of the powder metallurgy parts have inferior properties to forged and some cast parts, such as ductility and impact resistance; the dimensional accuracy of the product is good, but is not as good as that obtained by some finished products; the non-compact nature of the part can have an impact on the post-processing treatment, which must be taken into account especially in heat treatment, electroplating and the like.
Therefore, there is a need for a powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a powder metallurgy material which has the advantages of wear resistance, high tensile strength and impact energy, low cost and capability of manufacturing high-strength and wear-resistant gears and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 14-29% of Si, 12-35% of Cu, 2-7% of Mn, 0.4-1.7% of Ti, 0.6-1.3% of P, 0.4-1.1% of Y, 1.1-1.9% of Co, 0.3-1.4% of Sc and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18-26% of Si, 15-30% of Cu, 3-6% of Mn, 0.7-1.3% of Ti, 0.9-1.1% of P, 0.6-0.9% of Y, 1.3-1.6% of Co, 0.6-1.0% of Sc and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si22%, Cu 24%, Mn 5%, Ti 0.9%, P1.0%, Y0.8%, Co 1.5%, Sc 0.8%, and the balance Fe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 14-29% of Si, 12-35% of Cu, 2-7% of Mn, 0.4-1.7% of Ti, 0.6-1.3% of P, 0.4-1.1% of Y, 1.1-1.9% of Co, 0.3-1.4% of Sc and the balance of Fe; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5-4.5 h;
step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a mold, pressurizing the mold until the pressure is 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3;
and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear, the die is pressurized to 580 MPa.
Preferably, the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear powder metallurgy material is compacted to the density of 6.4g/m3 in the preparation method.
Preferably, the temperature of the first stage in the preparation method of the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear is 810 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the second stage in the preparation method of the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear is 960 ℃.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: co, Y and Sc are added into the powder metallurgy gear material, the heating rate and the sintering temperature in the sintering process are optimized, the preferred sintering temperature is 960 ℃, and the preferred powder metallurgy material formula is as follows: 22wt% of Si, 24wt% of Cu, 5wt% of Mn, 0.9wt% of Ti, 1.0wt% of P, 0.8wt% of Y, 1.5wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Sc, and the balance of Fe. The compressive strength of the prepared powder metallurgy gear material is higher than that of the conventional powder metallurgy gear material, the compressive strength of the gear is improved, and the performance of the powder metallurgy gear material is enhanced.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 14% of Si, 12% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 0.4% of Ti, 0.6% of P, 0.4% of Y, 1.1% of Co, 0.3% of Sc and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
Example 2
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 29% of Si, 35% of Cu, 7% of Mn, 1.7% of Ti, 1.3% of P, 1.1% of Y, 1.9% of Co, 1.4% of Sc and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35:1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 535MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
Example 3
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 18 percent of Si, 15 percent of Cu, 3 percent of Mn, 0.7 percent of Ti, 0.9 percent of P, 0.6 percent of Y, 1.3 percent of Co, 0.6 percent of Sc and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
Example 4
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 26% of Si, 30% of Cu, 6% of Mn, 1.3% of Ti, 1.1% of P, 0.9% of Y, 1.6% of Co, 1.0% of Sc and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35:1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 535MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
Example 5
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 22% of Si, 24% of Cu, 5% of Mn, 0.9% of Ti, 1.0% of P, 0.8% of Y, 1.5% of Co, 0.8% of Sc and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 45:1, and the ball-milling time is 4 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 580MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 6.4g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 810 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 960 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
Comparative example
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 0.08 percent of boron stearate, 0.6 percent of graphite powder, 1.8 percent of boron-copper alloy powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material subjected to compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the gear is obtained after cooling.
The compression strength of the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is as follows:
example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative example
Compressive strength (MPa) 62.4 60.1 67.5 69.3 77.1 50.3
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the appended claims is to be accorded the full range of equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 14-29% of Si, 12-35% of Cu, 2-7% of Mn, 0.4-1.7% of Ti, 0.6-1.3% of P, 0.4-1.1% of Y, 1.1-1.9% of Co, 0.3-1.4% of Sc and the balance of Fe.
2. The powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear comprises, in weight percent: 18-26% of Si, 15-30% of Cu, 3-6% of Mn, 0.7-1.3% of Ti, 0.9-1.1% of P, 0.6-0.9% of Y, 1.3-1.6% of Co, 0.6-1.0% of Sc and the balance of Fe.
3. The powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear comprises, in weight percent: 22% of Si, 24% of Cu, 5% of Mn, 0.9% of Ti, 1.0% of P, 0.8% of Y, 1.5% of Co, 0.8% of Sc and the balance of Fe.
4. The preparation method of the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 14-29% of Si, 12-35% of Cu, 2-7% of Mn, 0.4-1.7% of Ti, 0.6-1.3% of P, 0.4-1.1% of Y, 1.1-1.9% of Co, 0.3-1.4% of Sc and the balance of Fe; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5-4.5 h;
step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a mold, pressurizing the mold until the pressure is 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3;
and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material for the compression-resistant gear containing the rare earth is obtained after cooling.
5. The method for producing a powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression gear according to claim 4, wherein the die is pressurized to a pressure of 580MPa in the method for producing a powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression gear.
6. The method for preparing a powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression gear according to claim 4, wherein the powder metallurgy material for a rare earth-containing compression gear is compacted until the density of the material is 6.4g/m 3.
7. The method for preparing the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression gear according to claim 4, wherein the first-stage temperature in the method for preparing the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression gear is 810 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression gear according to claim 4, wherein the second-stage temperature in the method for preparing the powder metallurgy material for the rare earth-containing compression gear is 960 ℃.
CN201811215494.XA 2018-10-18 2018-10-18 Powder metallurgy material for rare earth-containing compression-resistant gear and preparation method thereof Pending CN111074147A (en)

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