CN111020345A - Iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111020345A CN111020345A CN201811179996.1A CN201811179996A CN111020345A CN 111020345 A CN111020345 A CN 111020345A CN 201811179996 A CN201811179996 A CN 201811179996A CN 111020345 A CN111020345 A CN 111020345A
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- powder metallurgy
- iron
- vanadium oxide
- composite material
- based powder
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CXKOGOLCUOXBQC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [B+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O Chemical compound [B+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXKOGOLCUOXBQC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 bearings Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZQBLSFKFKIKJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron copper Chemical compound [B].[Cu] FZQBLSFKFKIKJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
- C22C33/0228—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy comprising other non-metallic compounds or more than 5% of graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide and a preparation method thereof, wherein the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.5-4.2% of aluminum oxide, 6.2-7.8% of copper, 6-9% of silicon dioxide, 5.5-6.7% of boric acid, 2-2.7% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1): ball milling is carried out on the raw materials, the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball milling time is 3.5-4.5 h; (2): putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing to 535-625 MPa until the density is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3; (3): and (3) sintering the powder metallurgy material after the press forming at a high temperature, wherein the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to an iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Powder metallurgy sintering is performed below the melting point of the base metal, so that most refractory metals and their compounds can be manufactured only by powder metallurgy at present; the incompactness of powder metallurgy pressing is beneficial to preparing porous materials, bearings, antifriction materials and the like by controlling the density and porosity of products; the size of powder metallurgy compacted products is infinitely close to the final finished product size (no machining or little machining is required). The material utilization rate is high, so that metal can be greatly saved, and the product cost is reduced; the powder metallurgy products are produced by pressing the same die, the consistency among the workpieces is good, and the powder metallurgy products are suitable for the production of large-batch parts, in particular to products with high processing cost such as gears and the like; powder metallurgy can ensure the correctness and uniformity of materials through the proportion of components, and moreover, sintering is generally carried out in vacuum or reducing atmosphere, so that the materials are not polluted or oxidized, and high-purity materials can be prepared.
But some of the powder metallurgy parts have inferior properties to forged and some cast parts, such as ductility and impact resistance; the dimensional accuracy of the product is good, but is not as good as that obtained by some finished products; the non-compact nature of the part can have an impact on the post-processing treatment, which must be taken into account especially in heat treatment, electroplating and the like.
Therefore, there is a need to develop an iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a powder metallurgy material which has the advantages of wear resistance, high tensile strength and impact energy, low cost and capability of manufacturing high-strength and wear-resistant products and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.5-4.2% of aluminum oxide, 6.2-7.8% of copper, 6-9% of silicon dioxide, 5.5-6.7% of boric acid, 2-2.7% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
Preferably, the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.7-4% of aluminum oxide, 6.6-7.2% of copper, 7-8% of silicon dioxide, 5.9-6.3% of boric acid, 2.2-2.6% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
Preferably, the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.9 percent of aluminum oxide, 7 percent of copper, 7.5 percent of silicon dioxide, 6.1 percent of boric acid, 2.4 percent of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 3.5-4.2% of aluminum oxide, 6.2-7.8% of copper, 6-9% of silicon dioxide, 5.5-6.7% of boric acid and the balance of iron powder; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5-4.5 h;
step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a mold, pressurizing the mold until the pressure is 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3;
and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the pressing forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide, the die is pressurized to 580 MPa.
Preferably, the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material is prepared by a method of pressing the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material until the density of the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material is 6.4g/m 3.
Preferably, the first-stage temperature in the preparation method of the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is 810 ℃.
Preferably, the second-stage temperature in the preparation method of the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is 960 ℃.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the powder metallurgy composite material prepared by the invention has reasonable formula and can be used for producing products with high temperature resistance, polishing resistance and high strength; the introduction of vanadium can improve the hardenability of the product, increase the surface hardness of the material after quenching and increase the hardening depth.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 3.5% of aluminum oxide, 6.2% of copper, 6% of silicon dioxide, 5.5% of boric acid, 2% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the press forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Example 2
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 4.2% of aluminum oxide, 7.8% of copper, 9% of silicon dioxide, 6.7% of boric acid, 2.7% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35:1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 535MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the press forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Example 3
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 3.7% of aluminum oxide, 6.6% of copper, 7% of silicon dioxide, 5.9% of boric acid, 2.2% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the press forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Example 4
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 4% of aluminum oxide, 7.2% of copper, 8% of silicon dioxide, 6.3% of boric acid, 2.6% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35:1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 535MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the press forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Example 5
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 3.9% of aluminum oxide, 7% of copper, 7.5% of silicon dioxide, 6.1% of boric acid, 2.4% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 45:1, and the ball-milling time is 4 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 580MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 6.4g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the press forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 810 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 960 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
Comparative example
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 0.08 percent of boron stearate, 0.6 percent of graphite powder, 1.8 percent of boron-copper alloy powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the press forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
The tensile strength and compressive strength of the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide are as follows:
while the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the appended claims is to be accorded the full range of equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 3.5-4.2% of aluminum oxide, 6.2-7.8% of copper, 6-9% of silicon dioxide, 5.5-6.7% of boric acid, 2-2.7% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
2. The vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material according to claim 1, wherein the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material comprises, in weight percent: 3.7-4% of aluminum oxide, 6.6-7.2% of copper, 7-8% of silicon dioxide, 5.9-6.3% of boric acid, 2.2-2.6% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
3. The vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material according to claim 1, wherein the vanadium oxide-containing iron-based powder metallurgy composite material comprises, in weight percent: 3.9 percent of aluminum oxide, 7 percent of copper, 7.5 percent of silicon dioxide, 6.1 percent of boric acid, 2.4 percent of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent.
4. The preparation method of the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 3.5-4.2% of aluminum oxide, 6.2-7.8% of copper, 6-9% of silicon dioxide, 5.5-6.7% of boric acid, 2-2.7% of vanadium oxide and the balance of iron powder; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5-4.5 h;
step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a mold, pressurizing the mold until the pressure is 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3;
and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the pressing forming, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing the vanadium oxide is obtained after cooling.
5. The method for preparing the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide according to claim 4, wherein the mold is pressurized to 580 MPa.
6. The method for preparing the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide according to claim 4, wherein the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is prepared by pressing the material to have a density of 6.4g/m 3.
7. The method for preparing the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide according to claim 4, wherein the first-stage temperature in the method for preparing the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is 810 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide according to claim 4, wherein the second-stage temperature in the method for preparing the iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide is 960 ℃.
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| CN201811179996.1A CN111020345A (en) | 2018-10-10 | 2018-10-10 | Iron-based powder metallurgy composite material containing vanadium oxide and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |