CN111069585A - High-hardness powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-hardness powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111069585A CN111069585A CN201811215662.5A CN201811215662A CN111069585A CN 111069585 A CN111069585 A CN 111069585A CN 201811215662 A CN201811215662 A CN 201811215662A CN 111069585 A CN111069585 A CN 111069585A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-hardness powder metallurgy material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-hardness powder metallurgy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-2 parts of amino resin, 2-3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3-5 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 1-3 parts of starch, 2-4 parts of zinc stearate, 230-250 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 4-6 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6-8 parts of gas ash and 1-2 parts of sodium carbonate, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) ball-milling the raw materials, wherein the ball-to-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the time is 3.5-4.5 h; (2) putting the raw materials into a mold, pressurizing to 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3; (3) and sintering the pressed material at a high temperature, wherein the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the pressed material is obtained after cooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a high-hardness powder metallurgy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Powder metallurgy sintering is performed below the melting point of the base metal, so that most refractory metals and their compounds can be manufactured only by powder metallurgy at present; the incompactness of powder metallurgy pressing is beneficial to preparing porous materials, bearings, antifriction materials and the like by controlling the density and porosity of products; the size of powder metallurgy compacted products is infinitely close to the final finished product size (no machining or little machining is required). The material utilization rate is high, so that metal can be greatly saved, and the product cost is reduced; the powder metallurgy products are produced by pressing the same die, the consistency among the workpieces is good, and the powder metallurgy products are suitable for the production of large-batch parts, in particular to products with high processing cost such as gears and the like; powder metallurgy can ensure the correctness and uniformity of materials through the proportion of components, and moreover, sintering is generally carried out in vacuum or reducing atmosphere, so that the materials are not polluted or oxidized, and high-purity materials can be prepared.
But some of the powder metallurgy parts have inferior properties to forged and some cast parts, such as ductility and impact resistance; the dimensional accuracy of the product is good, but is not as good as that obtained by some finished products; the non-compact nature of the part can have an impact on the post-processing treatment, which must be taken into account especially in heat treatment, electroplating and the like.
Therefore, there is a need for a high hardness powder metallurgy material and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a powder metallurgy material which has the advantages of wear resistance, high tensile strength and impact energy, low cost and capability of manufacturing high-strength and wear-resistant products and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the high-hardness powder metallurgy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-2 parts of amino resin, 2-3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3-5 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 1-3 parts of starch, 2-4 parts of zinc stearate, 230-250 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 4-6 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6-8 parts of gas ash and 1-2 parts of sodium carbonate.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-hardness powder metallurgy material, which comprises the steps of:
step (1): respectively taking the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-2 parts of amino resin, 2-3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3-5 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 1-3 parts of starch, 2-4 parts of zinc stearate, 230-250 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 4-6 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6-8 parts of gas ash and 1-2 parts of sodium carbonate; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5-4.5 h;
step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a mold, pressurizing the mold until the pressure is 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3;
and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy material, the die is pressurized to 580 MPa.
Preferably, the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is prepared by pressing the high-hardness powder metallurgy material until the density of the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is 6.4g/m 3.
Preferably, the first stage temperature in the preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is 810 ℃.
Preferably, the second stage temperature in the preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is 960 ℃.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: (1) according to the preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy gear, disclosed by the invention, the density and components of the mixed material are more uniform through multi-step material mixing, and the strength and hardness of the powder metallurgy gear are improved through reasonable sintering and heat treatment; (2) the preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy gear is simple and convenient, and the coal ash and the gas ash which are discarded in metallurgy are used as specific components of the powder metallurgy gear, so that the metallurgical wastes are recycled; (3) according to the preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy gear, the produced gear is high in tooth surface hardness, high in strength and high in wear resistance through the specific component proportion, and the method is suitable for rapidly producing high-performance gears in a large scale.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
Step (1): respectively taking the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1 part of amino resin, 2 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 1 part of starch, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 230 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 4 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6 parts of gas ash and 1 part of sodium carbonate; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is obtained after cooling.
Example 2
Step (1): respectively taking the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2 parts of amino resin, 3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 5 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 3 parts of starch, 4 parts of zinc stearate, 250 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 6 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8 parts of gas ash and 2 parts of sodium carbonate; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35:1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 535MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is obtained after cooling.
Example 3
Step (1): respectively taking the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.5 parts of amino resin, 2.5 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 4 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of starch, 3 parts of zinc stearate, 245 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 5 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 7 parts of gas ash and 1.5 parts of sodium carbonate; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is obtained after cooling.
Comparative example
Step (1): the following raw materials are respectively taken according to the weight percentage: 0.08 percent of boron stearate, 0.6 percent of graphite powder, 1.8 percent of boron-copper alloy powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 55:1, and the ball-milling time is 4.5 h; step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a die, pressurizing the die until the pressure is 625MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 7.8g/m 3; and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is 940 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the powder metallurgy material is obtained after cooling.
The performance test and the performance comparison of the powder metallurgy gear prepared by the embodiment and the comparative example are as follows:
| bending fatigue Strength (Kgf) | Hardness (HRC) | |
| Example 1 | 1030 | 75 |
| Example 2 | 980 | 73 |
| Example 3 | 950 | 73 |
| Comparative example | 800 | 62 |
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the appended claims is to be accorded the full range of equivalents. .
Claims (6)
1. The high-hardness powder metallurgy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1-2 parts of amino resin, 2-3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3-5 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 1-3 parts of starch, 2-4 parts of zinc stearate, 230-250 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 4-6 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6-8 parts of gas ash and 1-2 parts of sodium carbonate.
2. The preparation method of the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1): respectively taking the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1-2 parts of amino resin, 2-3 parts of polyether modified silicone oil, 1-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3-5 parts of fly ash, 1 part of salt, 1-3 parts of starch, 2-4 parts of zinc stearate, 230-250 parts of alloy powder, 2 parts of carbon powder, 4-6 parts of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, 3-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6-8 parts of gas ash and 1-2 parts of sodium carbonate; mixing the raw materials at a high speed until the materials are uniform; ball-milling the raw materials by using a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 35: 1-55: 1, and the ball-milling time is 3.5-4.5 h;
step (2): performing compression molding on the powder metallurgy material subjected to ball milling, putting the powder metallurgy material into a mold, pressurizing the mold until the pressure is 535-625 MPa, and pressing until the density of the material is 5.5-7.8 g/m 3;
and (3): and (3) performing high-temperature sintering on the powder metallurgy material after the compression molding, wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is divided into two stages, the temperature of the first stage is 780-845 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, the temperature of the second stage is increased to 940-990 ℃, the sintering time is 3 hours, and the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is obtained after cooling.
3. The method for preparing a high-hardness powder metallurgy material according to claim 2, wherein the die is pressurized to a pressure of 580 MPa.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the high-hardness powder metallurgy material is compacted to a density of 6.4g/m 3.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the first stage temperature of the method is 810 ℃.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the second stage temperature of the method is 960 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811215662.5A CN111069585A (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | High-hardness powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811215662.5A CN111069585A (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | High-hardness powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111069585A true CN111069585A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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| CN201811215662.5A Pending CN111069585A (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | High-hardness powder metallurgy material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |