CN1110631C - Electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1110631C CN1110631C CN 00111652 CN00111652A CN1110631C CN 1110631 C CN1110631 C CN 1110631C CN 00111652 CN00111652 CN 00111652 CN 00111652 A CN00111652 A CN 00111652A CN 1110631 C CN1110631 C CN 1110631C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an electric control composite work medium recirculation internal combustion engine, which is composed of a solution tank, a filter, an electric pump, a pressure regulator, a solution feeding manifold, a solution feeding branch, an electromagnetic sprayer, an electric control instrument and a plurality of sensors, which are added on the basis of an internal combustion engine. The used solution is composed of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), water (H2O), methanol (CH3OH) and liquid ammonia (NH3) in definite proportion; under the timely control of the electric control instrument, the present invention realizes composite work medium recirculation; compared with a convention air work medium recirculation internal combustion engine, the present invention has the advantages that the discharge of NOx decreases 70%, the discharge of CO and HC compounds decreases 30%, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to internal-combustion engine, particularly a kind of electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine.
Background technique
The thermal machine that internal-combustion engine transforms as a kind of hot merit, its performance characteristic, Economy and the feature of environmental protection depend primarily on the effect that its matching relationship between structural design, combustion system and three key elements of cycle fluid and this three elements are brought into play in the hot merit conversion process.For a long time, people have carried out intensive research at the first two key element emphatically in the research direction of internal-combustion engine, have obtained a large amount of achievements.But how to utilize cycle fluid and characteristic thereof to go to solve that current internal-combustion engine still faces even problems such as the feature of environmental protection that increases the weight of and Economy in research systemicly, further improve the research of aspects such as combustion process of the internal-combustion engine and raising efficiency of thermal cycle and reduction discharging, still belong to blank so far at home and abroad.
Internal-combustion engine is in the general application of dish in fields such as industry, agricultural, traffic and military affairs, with and the continuous increase of recoverable amount, along with the day by day nervous and earth ecology environmental issue of international petroleum resource becomes increasingly conspicuous, the realistic problem that current in addition internal-combustion engine exists at aspects such as discharging, oil consumption, noise and reliabilities, all application and development in the future brought stern challenge to internal-combustion engine for these.To this, the internal-combustion engine scientific worker of various countries has taked many measures and method to solve Economy and feature of environmental protection problem that internal-combustion engine faces by studying for a long period of time.It seems now, these measures have actively and effective function some aspect index of internal-combustion engine, but when also not reaching nitrogen oxide (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) discharging of comprehensive reduction internal-combustion engine, further improve oil consumption, improve the circulation merit and reduce heat load, improve part life, reduce the purpose of noise.
The oil emulsion technology is one of method that early proposes.This technology mainly is that fuel oil and water are formed oil emulsion after the blending in proportion by a definite form, is directly sprayed into in-cylinder combustion.The form of oil emulsion is divided into " water-in-oil " and " oil-in-water " two kinds, and its a part of heat in combustion process will be consumed in water-drop evaporation.Therefore, the combustion temperature of oil emulsion is lower, helps reducing the growing amount of NOx in cylinder, simultaneously because " explosion " or water molecule cracking phenomenon that water droplet may have in evaporation process have certain promotion to improving burning.For HC and CO discharging influence, the conformity conclusion is not arranged as yet so far.Oil emulsion is owing to be the mixture of water and fuel oil, and very easily layering in placement has a strong impact on its practical application.Water-drop evaporation will consume a large amount of calory burnings in the oil emulsion simultaneously, so its thermal efficiency reduces.Motor does not fire oil emulsion and can residue in the cylinder when starting and shut down, and easily makes component corrosion in the cylinder.Therefore the oil emulsion technology is not extensively adopted by internal-combustion engine so far.
The notion of combined cycle comes from the research of people to gas turbine.A kind ofly the turbine turbine temperature can be reduced for seeking at that time, and turbine turbine output rate can be improved again simultaneously and the method that proposes.Duplexing matter-the combined cycle of gas turbine is exactly its exemplary.The cardinal principle of this technology is to utilize the exhaust gas heat heating boiler of gas turbine to produce water vapor, by pipeline water vapor is recycled into the turbine turbine inlet place of gas turbine then.The hot gas blending that discharge the steam of re-injection and firing chamber together enters the acting of turbine turbine after forming duplexing matter.The main feature of this technology is to utilize waste-gas heat to produce water vapor, therefore has energy-saving effect.Suitably control steam injection amount and vapor (steam) temperature can reduce turbine turbine heat load, can improve the output of gas turbine cycle efficient and power simultaneously.This technology is adopted by Related products such as the China and the U.S. at present.
Internal-combustion engine electronic control oil spout and exhaust emissions after-treatment device are comparatively perfect technology that solves gasoline exhaust and Economy of immediate development.The parameters such as rotating speed, inlet air amount, intake temperature, delivery temperature, water temperature and λ signal of petrol engine electric injection device by experiencing motor carried out real-time regulated to the injection timing and the fuel injection quantity of every cylinder, to realize best oil-gas ratio.Exhaust gas post-treatment device mainly according to there being dischargings such as NOx, HC, CO, soot and particle in the exhaust, utilizes the principle manufacturing of oxidation catalysis and reduction catalysts.For petrol engine, because the supporting use of fuel oil EFI and three-way catalytic apparatus under the condition of λ=1, can effectively reduce the discharge amount of NOx, HC and CO.But for diesel engine since in the exhaust except that having NOx, HC, CO, also have SO
2Exist with particle.They very easily corrode and stop up after-treatment device, so diesel engine must dispose regenerative system, the elimination blocking phenomenon.Because the air excess factor of diesel engine generally can only use oxidation catalyzer to reduce the discharging of CO and HC much larger than 1, NOx is intractable then.The existence of sulphate has brought very big difficulty for again the reliable use of oxidation catalyst converter on diesel engine in the exhaust.Therefore the relative petrol engine of discharging reprocessing of diesel engine seems complicated and immature.The fuel oil EFI combines with exhaust aftertreatment devices, can effectively reduce the discharging and the oil consumption of petrol engine under certain condition, but the support expense costliness, oil product requires high, and catalysis device easily " poisoning " lost efficacy, and improper use can cause oil consumption rising etc. on the contrary.And this technology can not reduce the petrol engine heat load significantly when solving gasoline exhaust, improves cycle efficiency and improves high temperature component working life etc.
At first the mixed working fluid notion is introduced diesel applications, proposed by patent " mixed working medium low-heat sinking supercharging diesel engine " (patent No. 93112617.7).This technology proposes, and regularly sprays water in cylinder of diesel engine by the diesel engine intake road, water droplets is absorbed heat in cylinder be vaporized into water vapor, and produce strong backheat effect.Water vapor forms air-water vapor mixed working fluid in cylinder with after the inlet air blending.The characteristics of this technology are timing and the injection flow rates at the open stage control water spray of suction valve, and utilize the interior high temperature component of effect cooling cylinder of water drops vaporize latent heat as far as possible.Therefore the main effect of this technology is to reduce heat load and raising thermal efficiency of cycle in the cylinder of diesel engine significantly, has the effect that reduces NOx simultaneously concurrently.Its deficiency is, have only when diesel engine power surpass its rated power 70% the time just produce effect.Otherwise cylinder temperature is crossed to hang down and can be caused combustion instability, and oil consumption raises, CO and HC deterioration of emission, phenomenons such as particle increase.Therefore this technology can not reach in the full operating mode scope of diesel engine and both reduce diesel engine heat load and oil consumption, reduces the purpose of NOx, CO, HC and particulate emission again simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to " mixed working medium low-heat sinking supercharging diesel engine " replenish and perfect, a kind of electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine is provided, make in the working procedure of internal-combustion engine, utilize in cylinder, to generate in good time and organize the composite work medium circulation.So-called composite work medium, promptly be not only water and Air mixing working medium, be meant a kind of steam of special solution and enter the working medium that forms after the interior air mixing of cylinder, in internal combustion (IC) engine cylinder, compress, burning and circular work, and produce a series of chemical reaction and make internal-combustion engine in the scope of full operating mode, can reach and reduce NOx, HC, CO discharging and consumption rate of fired oil comprehensively and effectively, can reduce the internal combustion engine heat load significantly again, hoisting power and the working life of improving high temperature component in the cylinder, the operating noise of minimizing motor.This technology is adapted to the application of internal combustion engine types such as diesel engine, petrol engine, air cooling engine and gas engine.
Basis to the effect that of the present invention is the structural feature and the performance characteristic thereof of internal-combustion engine at present, by developing a cover electric-controlling injection system and being disposed in the internal-combustion engine arrangement system, control in real time is toward a kind of special solution of in-cylinder injection, to realize the composite work medium circulation of internal-combustion engine.Use the means of optimization control again, can make by composite work medium circuit internal-combustion engine to have discharging, oil consumption and heat load lower than by air circulation time the and bigger power potentiality and the advantages such as reliability of Geng Gao.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine, comprise internal-combustion engine, it is characterized in that also having: the solution feeding system that (1) is made up of liquor box, filter cleaner, motor-drive pump, pressure regulator, feed flow house steward, feed flow arm and electromagnetic type sparger with fuel delivery and air supply system; (2) automatical control system that is made of electric controller and the some sensors working procedure of controlling combustion engine in time comprises the work of electromagnetic type sparger and motor-drive pump; (3) solution in the liquor box is a kind of by hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2), water (H
2O), methyl alcohol (CH
3OH) and liquid ammonia (NH
3) many components solution of preparation by a certain percentage, spray into cylinder and constitute composite work medium with the air that enters cylinder;
Described electromagnetic type sparger is arranged on the suction tude of internal-combustion engine, or intake duct, or on the cylinder head;
Described sensor comprises enable switch, intake temperature, suction pressure, exhaust temperature, cooling water of internal combustion engine temperature, rotating speed and fuel oil pump rack position signal (diesel engine) and throttle position (petrol engine) sensor;
Described electric controller partly is made up of power supply, input processing, A/D transducer, microprocessor, output processing etc.;
Water (H in the described solution
2O), hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2), methyl alcohol (CH
3OH) and liquid ammonia (NH
3) span, by its weight ratio as follows:
H
2O 1
H
2O
2 0.05～0.4
CH
3OH 0.01～0.3
NH
3 0.01～0.08
The preferable weight ratio of described solution is:
H
2O 1
H
2O
2 0.3
CH
3OH 0.2
NH
3 0.03
The present invention has technique effect to be: control its timing by electric-controlling injection system and with amount solution is sprayed in the cylinder of internal-combustion engine, heat absorption becomes composite work medium to form the circulation of internal-combustion engine composite work medium with the air mixing that enters cylinder after being vaporized into superheated vapor in cylinder.This solution is a kind of many components liquid through special formulation, mainly by H
2O
2, H
2O, CH
3OH and NH
3Constitute according to the above ratio Deng material.Composite work medium is in participating in combustion process, and the redox reaction of main performance is as follows:
CH
3OH+O
2→CH
2OH+HO
2 (2)
M is an inert gas elements, as nitrogen, argon etc.
Above chemical equation be exactly internal-combustion engine in combustion process, the main chemical reactions formula of composite work medium in cylinder.Wherein, formula (1)～formula (6) and formula (9) for the composite work medium component in combustion process oxidation, decomposition and combination reaction and generate OH group, H
2, elements such as H, O, they can promote the burning.Formula (8) and formula (11) are the oxidation reaction of CO and HC compound.Formula (12)～formula (15) is the reduction reaction of NO.Other reaction then is the displacement bleaching formula of water vapour and CO and HC compound.The present invention's one electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine is in existing combustion air cycle fluid, realizes by the element that in time adds multiple different proportion in the cylinder.Therefore they are existing certain difference aspect the combustion chemistry reaction.From above-mentioned reaction equation as can be seen, composite work medium not only can promote burning, and can carry out redox reaction to CO, HC and NOx under any condition, effectively promotes the minimizing of engine exhaust thing.
For petrol engine, because its burning excess air coefficient approaches 1, inlet air is brought the oxygen O in the cylinder into
2Less, though the reaction of formula (8) and formula (11) is insufficient, the reaction in formula (4) and the formula (5) can generate O and H
2The O element, the oxidation and the displacement bleaching of promotion formula (7), formula (8), formula (10) and formula (11) effectively suppress the generation of CO, HC.NOx in the petrol engine, owing to be lean combustion, so the reduction reaction of formula (13)～formula (15) is more abundant, and NO is less, and same up-to-date style (12) can further reduce NO.For diesel engine, because its burning excess air coefficient is much larger than 1, therefore the oxidation reaction of formula (8), formula (9) and formula (11) is more abundant, and formula (4), formula (5), formula (7) and formula (10) reaction equation of composite work medium existence can make that CO and HC compound are oxidized away in a large number in addition.Formula (14) and formula (15) are owing to oxygen enrichment reason reduction reaction is insufficient, and the NOx growing amount is more.But have formula (12) and formula (13) in the composite work medium, their reaction can be reduced into N with NOx effectively
2And H
2O.Therefore from above chemical equation as can be seen, no matter the circulation of the composite work medium of internal-combustion engine under which kind of combustion condition, all can reduce CO, HC and NOx discharging comprehensively and effectively.
Simultaneously, backheat effect that vaporization produces also can reduce heat load in the internal combustion (IC) engine cylinder significantly owing to utilized many components solution absorb heat in cylinder for internal-combustion engine composite work medium circulation, and the thermophysical properties such as high heat capacity of composite work medium, also can effectively suppress the generation of NOx, make the NOx discharging of internal-combustion engine be able to reduce by a larger margin.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is an electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine working principle schematic representation of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1-liquor box 2-filter cleaner
3-motor-drive pump 4-pressure regulator
5-feed flow house steward 6-feed flow arm
7-electromagnetic type sparger 8-fuel nozzle
9-high pressure fuel pump 10-internal-combustion engine
11-intake lines of combustion engines 12-internal-combustion engine vent-pipe
13-DC electrical source 14-electric controller
15-connects enable switch 16-intake temperature
17-suction pressure 18-tach signal
19-coolant water temperature 20-delivery temperature
21-pump rack position signal
Embodiment
Conventional internal-combustion engine is by sucking air, again through the combustion process of overcompression and fuel ignition, produces high temperature and high pressure gas and promotes the piston acting.By composite work medium circuit internal-combustion engine then is in air inlet initial stage or intake process, and the composite work medium by forming after the many components composite gas that directly generates in cylinder and the inlet air blending compresses, burning and circular work.
The working principle of electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine of the present invention, be that (10 represent internal-combustion engine among the figure at internal-combustion engine, in fact just picture the part of a cylinder of internal-combustion engine) the basis on, form by the parts such as liquor box 1, filter cleaner 2, motor-drive pump 3, pressure regulator 4, feed flow house steward 5, feed flow arm 6, electric controller 14, magnetic injectors 7 and some sensors of setting up the dress special solution.Therefore whole electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine system is divided into that fuel delivery, air are supplied with, solution is supplied with and four parts such as automatical control system.Wherein the fuel nozzle 8 among fuel delivery such as the figure, high pressure fuel pump 9 and air are supplied with as the intake lines of combustion engines among the figure 11, internal-combustion engine vent-pipe 12 and are determined by internal-combustion engine arrangement.Solution is supplied with then and by motor-drive pump 3 solution is extracted out from liquor box 1, and through filter cleaner 2 and pressure regulator 4, excessive solution turns back in the liquor box 1 through pressure regulator 4.Solution is distributed to each electromagnetic type sparger 7 with the pressure reduction of constant about 250～350 kPas (below be abbreviated as Kpa) by feed flow house steward 5 and arm 6, the job order of solution by the every cylinder 10 of internal-combustion engine is sprayed in the cylinder 10 by this electromagnetic type sparger 7 again.Electromagnetic type sparger 7 can be arranged on suction tude 11, intake duct or the cylinder head of internal-combustion engine, sprays into solution before intake valve.Owing to do not relate to the air inlet interference problem of each cylinder, therefore can realize that the gas liquid ratio A/L of internal-combustion engine accurately regulates.The solution amount that sprays into cylinder of internal-combustion engine 10 is only relevant with the duration that electromagnetic type sparger 7 is opened.The opening and closing of electromagnetic type sparger 7 are determined that by the electrical pulsing signal of electric controller 14 length of electrical pulsing signal and timing cycle are then determined according to the main control parameters and the corrected parameter of spouting liquid.These parameters are gathered by various kinds of sensors such as enable switch sensor 15, intake air temperature sensor 16, air inlet pressure sensor 17, rotary speed signal sensor 18, cooling water temperature sensor 19, exhaust gas temperature sensor 20, pump rack position transducer 21, in electric controller 14, handle then, and send the electrical pulse control signal by composite work medium loop optimization software.
During composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine work, electric controller 14 energisings, motor-drive pump 3 work, the ejecting system pipeline is full of the solution of 250～350Kpa.Signal emitter will reflect the parameter input electric controller 14 of internal combustion engine state, and opening and closing by the output pulse signal of electric controller 14 of electromagnetic type sparger 7 controlled automatically.In a single day electric controller sends jeting instruction, and electrical pulsing signal is opened electromagnetic type sparger 7, and solution sprays into cylinder 10 with certain timing and amount.Excessive solution is returned liquor box 1 through the loop, vaporific solution carries out heat exchange with the high temperature component in cylinder 10, and solution is when being vaporized into multicomponent gas, and heat load is obviously reduced in the cylinder.This moment the internal combustion engine intake valve complete opening, inlet air in cylinder with the multicomponent gas blending.The combustion process of carrying out is the burning of fuel oil in composite work medium subsequently, and the high temperature and high pressure gas of generation promotes the piston acting.Owing to contain oxidation molecular radical and redox molecule thing in the composite work medium, can make that HC, CO and NOx are effectively eliminated in cylinder.The hot rerum natura of while composite work medium, there is bigger difference as specific heat, molecular weight gas, gas constant and adiabatic index etc. and air working medium, the reduction of heat load and the increase of working medium enthalpy amount in the cylinder in addition, very help suppressing generation and the raising engine cycle thermal efficiency and the circulation merit output of NOx in cylinder again, consumption rate of fired oil is reduced, and the high temperature part life improves and reduces combustion noise.
The automatical control system major control of electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine is to the injection of solution in the internal combustion (IC) engine cylinder, and is separate with the injection system of internal-combustion engine self, mutual noninterference.It can be by the setting of software, and stop-spraying in internal combustion engine start and stopping process avoids solution to residue in the cylinder.Also can adjust spouting liquid and hydrojet timing automatically, make internal-combustion engine keep comprehensive optimum aspect the indexs such as discharging, oil consumption, power and heat load by the composite work medium periodic duty according to engine load, rotation speed change and accelerating mode etc.
The results showed that electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine of the present invention is compared with the air working medium circulation engine of routine, its NOx discharging can reduce more than 70%, and the discharging of CO and HC compound can reduce more than 30%, and particulate emission obviously reduces.Combustion noise reduces by 2～3 decibels, and heat load reduces significantly in the cylinder, and delivery temperature reduces by 80 ℃～140 ℃.Thermal efficiency of cycle improves 5%～6%, and fuel consumption rate can reduce by 3%～5%, and the output circulating power can improve 10%.
Conventional internal-combustion engine all can form electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine by after disposing this cover electric-controlling injection system.Dissimilar internal-combustion engines, because the fuel difference of using, as diesel engine, petrol engine, gas engine etc., the prescription of hydrojet is also answered corresponding adjustment, so that reach better effect.Utilization in the time of technology such as composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine is adjusted as being aided with the Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine Parameter Optimization again, fuel oil EFI and exhaust aftertreatment devices, it will produce contemporary conventional internal-combustion engine the overall target advantage that can not compare.This technology has been started new research and application space for internal-combustion engine development from now on simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine, comprise have fuel delivery, the internal-combustion engine of air supply system, it is characterized in that also having:
(1) solution feeding system of forming by liquor box (1), filter cleaner (2), motor-drive pump (3), pressure regulator (4), feed flow house steward (5), feed flow arm (6) and electromagnetic type sparger (7);
(2) automatical control system that is made of electric controller (14) and the some sensors working procedure of controlling combustion engine in time comprises the work of electromagnetic type sparger (7) and motor-drive pump (3);
(3) solution in the liquor box (1) is a kind of by hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2), water (H
2O), methyl alcohol (CH
3OH) and liquid ammonia (NH
3) many components solution of preparation by a certain percentage, spray into cylinder and constitute composite work medium with the air that enters cylinder.
2, electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described electromagnetic type sparger (7) is arranged on the suction tude (11) of internal-combustion engine, or intake duct, or on the cylinder head, to guarantee spraying into described solution in the air before entering cylinder.
3, electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described sensor comprises enable switch, intake temperature, suction pressure, delivery temperature, cooling water of internal combustion engine temperature, rotating speed and fuel oil pump rack position signal sensor.
4, electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described sensor comprises enable switch, intake temperature, suction pressure, exhaust temperature, cooling water of internal combustion engine temperature, rotating speed and throttle position sensor.
5, electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described electric controller (14) partly is made up of power supply, input processing, A/D transducer, microprocessor, output processing etc.
6, electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water (H in the described solution
2O), hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2), methyl alcohol (CH
3OH) and liquid ammonia (NH
3) span, by its weight ratio as follows:
H
2O 1
H
2O
2 0.05～0.4
CH
3OH 0.01～0.3
NH
3 0.01～0.08
7, electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine according to claim 6 is characterized in that the weight ratio of described solution is:
H
2O 1
H
2O
2 0.3
CH
3OH 0.2
NH
3 0.03
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00111652 CN1110631C (en) | 2000-02-03 | 2000-02-03 | Electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00111652 CN1110631C (en) | 2000-02-03 | 2000-02-03 | Electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1259623A CN1259623A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| CN1110631C true CN1110631C (en) | 2003-06-04 |
Family
ID=4581559
Family Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00111652 Expired - Fee Related CN1110631C (en) | 2000-02-03 | 2000-02-03 | Electro composite work medium recirculating internal combustion engine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1110631C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120006505A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-01-18 | 도요타 지도샤（주） | Controller for internal combustion engine |
| US20110265455A1 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Ammonia burning internal combustion engine |
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2000
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1259623A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
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