CN111063157A - Smoke sensor with optical labyrinth structure - Google Patents
Smoke sensor with optical labyrinth structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111063157A CN111063157A CN201911402374.5A CN201911402374A CN111063157A CN 111063157 A CN111063157 A CN 111063157A CN 201911402374 A CN201911402374 A CN 201911402374A CN 111063157 A CN111063157 A CN 111063157A
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- shaped
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
An optical labyrinth smoke sensor, comprising: the device comprises a concave plastic upper shell, a Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode support, a maze base with a protruding structure and a metal insect-proof net, wherein one end of the Y-shaped support is provided with two light-emitting diode cavities, and the other end of the Y-shaped support is provided with a photosensitive receiving tube cavity. The light-emitting diode cavity and the photosensitive receiving tube cavity are both arranged in an upward inclined mode, and the upward inclined angles of the two emitting tube cavities are the same; the support sets up in the maze base, the metal fly net cover is located "Y" type photoelectric transceiver diode support outside, the maze epitheca can be dismantled with the maze base and be connected. The smoke sensor has the advantages of high response speed, better sensitivity direction and directivity, and capability of distinguishing the size of particles entering a labyrinth, eliminating interference sources and avoiding false alarm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smoke alarm, in particular to a smoke sensor with an optical labyrinth structure.
Background
The photoelectric smoke sensor is widely applied to various fields such as city security, residential areas, factories, companies, schools, families, warehouses and the like.
The smoke sensor is widely used in buildings as a device for finding fire and giving an alarm, and the optical maze of the traditional smoke sensor consists of an infrared transmitting tube, an infrared receiving tube and a smoke chamber. In a normal state, the infrared receiving tube cannot receive the optical signal emitted by the infrared emitting tube. After the smoke enters the smoke chamber, due to the diffuse reflection effect of smoke particles, the infrared receiving tube receives the optical signal emitted by the infrared emitting tube and generates photocurrent, so that the conversion from the smoke signal to the electrical signal is realized. And when the signal intensity exceeds a preset alarm value, judging and alarming the fire.
However, in the optical sensor (commonly called as a labyrinth) of the existing smoke sensor, an optical plane formed by a transmitting tube cavity and a receiving tube is vertical to the end surface of an upper cover of the optical labyrinth, and the base is provided with the optical labyrinth with a stack structure; the situation that the directionality of smoke detected by the sensor is poor due to the fact that structures of base stacking fences of the smoke inlet are not uniform exists. In addition, the optical maze only has one infrared transmitting tube and one infrared receiving tube, so that smoke is judged as long as tiny particles enter the cavity in principle, other non-smoke particles such as water vapor are judged as smoke by mistake, and phenomena such as false alarm are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a smoke sensor with an optical labyrinth structure, which aims to solve the problems that the traditional optical labyrinth is limited by a self-design principle and a structure, the response speed of smoke is slow after the smoke enters the labyrinth, the sensitivity directivity is poor, and the repeatability is poor; the problem that the traditional smoke sensor is easily interfered by external environment and generates false alarm of non-fire can be solved.
The application provides a smoke sensor of optical maze structure, includes: the LED light source comprises a concave plastic upper shell, a Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode support, a labyrinth base with a bulge structure and a metal insect-proof net, wherein two light-emitting diode cavities are arranged at one end of the Y-shaped support, and a photosensitive receiving tube cavity is arranged at the other end of the Y-shaped support. The cavity of the light emitting diode and the cavity of the photosensitive receiving tube are both arranged in an upward inclined manner, the upward inclined angles of the two cavities of the light emitting tube are the same, and the light emitting diode can be a random combination of light emitting diodes with wavelengths of 940nm or 850nm, such as infrared light, blue light, red light and the like; the support sets up in the maze base, the metal fly net cover is located "Y" type photoelectric transceiver diode support outside, the maze epitheca can be dismantled with the maze base and be connected.
In some embodiments, the angle C between the infrared light emitting diode cavity and the infrared emitter tube cavity is 31 degrees, and the angle D between the photosensitive receiver tube cavity and the infrared light emitting diode cavity is 164.5 degrees.
In some embodiments, the upward-inclined angle E of the infrared light emitting diode cavity or the upward-inclined angle E of the infrared emission tube cavity is 20.7 degrees; the upward inclined angle of the cavity of the photosensitive receiving tube is 20 degrees in terms of the angle F
In some embodiments, the outer surface of the top cover of the labyrinth upper shell is provided with a Y-shaped indicator.
In some embodiments, a recess is formed in the middle of the inner surface of the top cover, a plurality of first annular conical hammer-shaped toothed protrusions are arranged on the outer side of the recess, a plurality of herringbone fences are annularly arranged on the outer side of each conical hammer-shaped toothed protrusion to form a smoke inlet channel, and an annular surrounding bone is arranged on the outer side of each smoke inlet channel; two sinking platforms are arranged on the inner side of the smoke inlet channel.
In some embodiments, a metal insect net is placed between the surround and the chevron-shaped barrier.
In some embodiments, a protrusion for shielding light is disposed in the middle of the "Y" shaped photo diode support, a groove is disposed in the middle of the protrusion, and two positioning pins are disposed at the bottom of the "Y" shaped photo diode support to facilitate mounting on a printed circuit board.
In some embodiments, the surfaces of all three cavities are provided with fine shining and matte patterns for preventing light reflection.
In some embodiments, a plurality of second annular conical surface hammer-shaped tooth-shaped bulges are arranged in the middle of the labyrinth base, and fine shining dummy grains are arranged on the surfaces of the second annular conical surface hammer-shaped tooth-shaped bulges; the labyrinth base is provided with an eave-shaped structure for placing the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket.
In some embodiments, the labyrinth upper shell is connected with the labyrinth base in a buckling mode, and a plurality of buckles are arranged on the outer edge of the labyrinth upper shell; the outer edge of the labyrinth base is provided with a plurality of clamping holes.
According to the embodiment, the smoke sensor has the advantages that the upper shell of the smoke sensor adopts the unique herringbone fence to form the smoke inlet channel, smoke enters the labyrinth, the response speed is high, and the sensitivity direction is better in directivity; the double-transmitting-receiving labyrinth has the advantages of reasonable structure, high detection sensitivity, high response speed, easy detection of tiny particles and good directivity; in addition, the optical maze uses two light sources with different wavelengths, and because the emission intensity of the smoke particles with different diameters and sizes to the light sources with different wavelengths is different, the intensity received by the photosensitive receiving tube is different, so that the sizes of the particles entering the maze can be distinguished, whether the particles detected currently belong to the smoke particles is indirectly distinguished, and the capability of the smoke sensor for eliminating interference sources and avoiding false alarm is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a smoke sensor in an optical maze configuration;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a smoke sensor in an optical maze configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the opposite side of the labyrinth upper shell of the smoke sensor of the optical labyrinth configuration of an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a front side of a labyrinth upper shell of an optical labyrinth smoke sensor in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a labyrinth upper shell of an optical labyrinth configuration smoke sensor of an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view, a top view, and a partial enlarged view of a labyrinth upper shell of the smoke sensor of the optical labyrinth arrangement according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a "Y" shaped photodiode mount of an embodiment of an optical labyrinth smoke sensor;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a "Y" shaped photodiode mount of an embodiment of a smoke sensor in an optical maze configuration;
FIG. 9 is an angled view of a "Y" shaped photodiode mount of an embodiment of a smoke sensor of the optical maze configuration;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a "Y" shaped photodiode mount of an embodiment of an optical maze configured smoke sensor;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a labyrinth base of an optical labyrinth smoke sensor in accordance with one embodiment;
figure 12 is a top view and a cross-sectional view of a "Y" shaped photo-transceiver diode mount of a smoke sensor of an optical maze configuration, according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like elements associated therewith. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order in a manner apparent to one skilled in the art. Accordingly, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for clarity of description of certain embodiments only and are not meant to be required unless otherwise indicated where a certain sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).
Referring to fig. 1-12, the present application provides an optical maze-structured smoke sensor comprising: labyrinth upper shell 3, "Y" type photoelectric transceiver diode support 1, labyrinth base 2 and metal fly net 4. This "Y" type photoelectric transceiver diode support 1 sets up on labyrinth base 2, and the metal fly net 4 cover is located "Y" type photoelectric transceiver diode support 1 outside, and labyrinth epitheca 3 can be dismantled with labyrinth base 2 and be connected.
The "Y" type photodiode transceiver 1 has three cavities: the red light diode cavity and the infrared emitting tube cavity are arranged at one end of the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket 1, the photosensitive receiving tube cavity is arranged at the other end of the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket, a red light emitting tube 53 is arranged in the red light emitting tube cavity, an infrared emitting tube 52 is arranged in the infrared emitting tube cavity, and a photosensitive receiving tube 51 is arranged in the photosensitive receiving tube cavity. The red light emitting tube cavity, the infrared emitting tube cavity and the photosensitive receiving tube cavity are all arranged in an upward inclined mode, wherein the upward inclined angle of the red light emitting tube cavity is the same as the upward inclined angle of the infrared emitting tube cavity and is represented by an angle E; the angle at which the photosensitive receiving tube cavity is upwardly inclined is indicated by angle F.
Referring to fig. 6 or 10, in some embodiments, the angle C between the infrared led cavity and the infrared emitter cavity is 31 degrees, and the angle D between the photosensitive receiver cavity and the infrared led cavity is 164.5 degrees. In actual production, an error of ± 0.5 degrees is allowed.
Referring to fig. 11, in some embodiments, the angle E of upward inclination of the red light emitting tube cavity or the angle E of upward inclination of the infrared light emitting tube cavity is 20.7 degrees; the angle of the upward inclination of the cavity of the photosensitive receiving tube is 20 degrees at an angle F.
Referring to fig. 2-6, in some embodiments, the top cover outer surface of the labyrinth upper shell 3 is provided with a Y-shaped indicator 34. The middle part of the inner surface of the top cover is provided with a recess 33, the recess 33 utilizes fine particles to scatter and refract part of light, and direct reflection to a photosensitive receiving tube is avoided, so that the reliability of the sensor is improved; a plurality of hammer-shaped toothed projections 31 with first annular conical surfaces are arranged outside the depressions 33, and a plurality of herringbone fences 36 are annularly arranged outside the hammer-shaped toothed projections 31 with the first conical surfaces to form a smoke inlet channel. The smoke inlet channel formed by the herringbone fences is beneficial to the transverse airflow guide channel, and the fences are arranged in a plurality of numbers, are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and are arranged at intervals, so that the shading effect can be achieved.
The outer side of the smoke inlet channel is provided with an annular surrounding bone 32, and a gap 38 between the surrounding bone 32 and the herringbone fence 36 is used for placing the metal insect-proof net 4. Two sinking platforms 35 are arranged on the inner side of the smoke inlet channel and are used for being matched with the protruding structures of the air avoidance maze base 2.
Referring to fig. 7-10, in some embodiments, the middle of the "Y" shaped photodiode support 1 is provided with a protrusion 9 for blocking light; the middle of the bulge 9 is provided with a groove 10; two positioning pins 12 are arranged at the bottom of the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket 1, so that the mounting on a printed circuit board is facilitated.
In some embodiments, the surface of one, two or all of the three cavities may be provided with fine matte patterns for preventing reflection.
Referring to fig. 11 to 12, in some embodiments, a plurality of second annular conical hammer-shaped tooth-shaped protrusions 25 are arranged in the middle of the labyrinth base 2, and fine matte patterns for preventing light reflection can be further arranged on the surfaces of the second annular conical hammer-shaped tooth-shaped protrusions 25; the labyrinth base 2 is provided with an eave-shaped structure 26 for placing the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket 1; the outer edge of the labyrinth base 2 is provided with a plurality of downwardly facing catches 14 for mounting a smoke sensor.
In some embodiments, the labyrinth upper shell 3 is snap-connected with the labyrinth base 2, and the outer edge of the labyrinth upper shell 3 is provided with a plurality of snaps 37; the outer edge of the labyrinth base 2 is provided with a plurality of upward-facing clamping holes 13.
The labyrinth base 2 has an outer diameter designated as R1 and an inner diameter designated as R2, the inner diameter of the largest ring of the plurality of first annular tapered hammer-shaped toothed projections 31 is designated as R3, and the inner diameter of the recess 33 is designated as R4. The long leg length of the chevron fence is indicated as L1 and the long leg width is indicated as L2. The inside diameter of the labyrinth base 2 is indicated as R5 and the width of the three cavities is indicated as L5.
The two transmitting tubes and the two receiving tubes are respectively arranged in a cavity of the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket; the red light emitting diode cavity and the infrared emitting tube cavity are arranged on the same side, an included angle is formed by the two light emitting diode cavities, the receiving tube cavity is arranged on the other side and is arranged in a Y-shaped included angle, in a specific embodiment, a red light emitting diode with the diameter of phi 3mm and the peak wavelength of 633nm and an infrared emitting tube with the diameter of phi 3mm and the peak wavelength of 945nm are used as a light source and a transmitter, and a photosensitive receiving tube with the peak wavelength of 940n is used as a receiver; r1-48.8 mm, R2-45.8 mm, R3-34.5 mm, R4-10 mm, R5-49.3 mm, L1-6.9 mm, L2-1.1 mm, L5-6.8 mm. Through the test:
the requirements for the EN14604 and GB20517 standards on the directionality of smoke sensitivity of smoke sensors: smoke enters from 8 directions (selecting fixed reference points and testing every 45 degrees) of the smoke sensor, the smoke sensor records the smoke sensitivity when sending out an alarm signal, the ratio of the maximum sensitivity to the minimum sensitivity in the 8 directions does not exceed 1.60, and the performance is better when the ratio is closer to 1.
For the requirements of EN14604 and GB20517 standards on the smoke sensitivity repeatability of the smoke sensor, smoke enters 6 times from one fixed direction of the smoke sensor, the smoke sensitivity of the smoke sensor is recorded when the smoke sensor sends out an alarm signal, the ratio of the maximum sensitivity to the minimum sensitivity in 6 tests is not more than 1.60, and the performance is better when the ratio is closer to 1.
Test data show that the smoke sensitivity of the smoke maze is better in directivity, stable in performance and superior in detection sensitivity.
For the sensor of the present application, the labyrinth upper shell 3 adopts a unique herringbone fence to form a smoke inlet channel. When the sensor is in a normal working environment, the surrounding air does not contain smoke particles, the receiving pipe does not receive the feedback signal of the smoke particles, and the sensor does not give an alarm. When smoke particles enter a maze, red light and infrared light emitted by the red light tube and the infrared emission tube irradiate the smoke particles when the red light tube and the infrared emission tube work, so that light rays are subjected to diffuse reflection and enter the photosensitive receiving tube to form a current signal, the stronger the smoke concentration is, the stronger the current signal is, the sensor amplifies the signal and then conducts digital quantitative analysis, and when the smoke reaches a certain concentration, the sensor is triggered to alarm and sends out an audible and visual alarm signal to send out an alarm.
The double-transmitting-receiving labyrinth has the advantages of reasonable structure, high detection sensitivity, high response speed, easiness in detection of micro particles generated during combustion of polyurethane synthetic furniture and good directivity. In addition, the optical maze uses light sources with two wavelengths, so that the sizes of particles entering the maze can be distinguished, and by means of the two wavelengths, the smoke sensor can distinguish different types of smoke and common interference sources, thereby improving the capability of eliminating the interference sources and avoiding false alarm of the smoke sensor.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical labyrinth smoke sensor, comprising: the LED light source comprises a concave plastic upper shell, a Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode support, a labyrinth base with a bulge structure and a metal insect-proof net, wherein two light-emitting diode cavities are arranged at one end of the Y-shaped support, and a photosensitive receiving tube cavity is arranged at the other end of the Y-shaped support. The light-emitting diode cavity and the photosensitive receiving tube cavity are both arranged in an upward inclined mode, and the upward inclined angles of the two emitting tube cavities are the same; the support sets up in the maze base, the metal fly net cover is located "Y" type photoelectric transceiver diode support outside, the maze epitheca can be dismantled with the maze base and be connected.
2. The smoke sensor of claim 1 where the angle C between the two led cavities is 31 degrees and the angle D between the photoreceiver cavity and either led cavity is 164.5 degrees.
3. The smoke sensor of claim 1 where the angle E of the upward slope of both led cavities is 20.7 degrees; the angle F of the upward inclination of the cavity of the photosensitive receiving tube is 20 degrees.
4. The smoke sensor of claim 1 wherein the outer surface of the top cover of the labyrinth upper shell is provided with a "Y" shaped indicator.
5. The smoke sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top cover has a recess in the middle of the inner surface, a plurality of first annular conical hammer-shaped tooth-shaped protrusions are arranged outside the recess, a plurality of herringbone fences are annularly arranged outside the conical hammer-shaped tooth-shaped protrusions to form a smoke inlet channel, and an annular surrounding bone is arranged outside the smoke inlet channel; two sinking platforms are arranged on the inner side of the smoke inlet channel.
6. The smoke sensor of claim 1 wherein a metal insect net is placed between said rail and said chevron-shaped barrier.
7. The smoke sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle of the "Y" shaped bracket is provided with a protrusion for shielding light, the protrusion has a groove in the middle, and the bottom of the bracket is provided with two positioning pins for facilitating the installation on the printed circuit board.
8. A smoke sensor according to claim 1 in which the surfaces of the three cavities are each provided with a fine matt finish to prevent reflections.
9. The smoke sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of second annular conical surface hammer-shaped tooth-shaped protrusions are arranged in the middle of the labyrinth base, and fine shining dumb veins are arranged on the surfaces of the second annular conical surface hammer-shaped tooth-shaped protrusions; the labyrinth base is provided with an eave-shaped structure for placing the Y-shaped photoelectric transceiving diode bracket.
10. The smoke sensor of any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the labyrinth upper shell is snap-fit to the labyrinth base, the outer edge of the labyrinth upper shell being provided with a plurality of snaps; the outer edge of the labyrinth base is provided with a plurality of clamping holes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911402374.5A CN111063157A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Smoke sensor with optical labyrinth structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911402374.5A CN111063157A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Smoke sensor with optical labyrinth structure |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111540158A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 | Smoke alarm with condensation recognition function and use method |
| WO2022016717A1 (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-01-27 | 九江珀伽索斯科技有限公司 | Optical dark chamber assembly for photoelectric smoke detector |
| CN115083100A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-20 | 重庆君歌电子科技有限公司 | Smoke sensor for new energy automobile |
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Application publication date: 20200424 |