CN111059875A - Method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared ray and hot air - Google Patents
Method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared ray and hot air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111059875A CN111059875A CN201911293413.2A CN201911293413A CN111059875A CN 111059875 A CN111059875 A CN 111059875A CN 201911293413 A CN201911293413 A CN 201911293413A CN 111059875 A CN111059875 A CN 111059875A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drying
- infrared
- walnuts
- drum
- hot air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for drying walnuts by drum-type constant-temperature infrared rays and hot air in sequence, and relates to the technical field of agricultural product and food processing. The distance between the infrared generator and the sample was adjusted to 30 cm. The infrared radiation temperature was adjusted to 450 ℃. The drum speed was adjusted to 25 Hz. And then, carrying out infrared pre-drying (9.5min) on the fresh green husk removed walnuts, immediately transferring to 43 ℃ and continuously carrying out hot air drying for 16h under the condition that the wind speed is 3m/s to obtain the drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequentially dried walnut products, wherein the total time is shortened by 19.2% compared with single hot air drying (20 h). Through the innovative design of the drum-type catalytic infrared predrying, the drying time is greatly shortened, and the drying device is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product and food processing, and particularly relates to a drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying technology for walnuts.
Background
The walnut is a nut with extremely high nutritional value, is rich in nutritional substances such as protein and unsaturated fatty acid, and has high economic value. The walnut yield is increased year by year, the harvesting time is concentrated, the moisture content of the picked fresh walnuts is high (40% -55%), if the fresh walnuts are not treated in time, the fresh walnuts are often rotten and mildewed, the eating quality is affected, and the drying and dehydration are one of the most common processing modes for safely storing the walnuts and prolonging the shelf life.
The traditional hot air drying is to dry the raw materials to safe moisture (8%) by utilizing hot air at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, so as to achieve the effect of safe preservation. But the method has long drying time and low drying efficiency and energy utilization rate. In recent years, a novel drying method, namely an infrared drying method, appears at home and abroad. The infrared ray is an electromagnetic wave with the wavelength of 0.75-1000 mu m, the infrared radiation heat can directly reach the interior of fruits, vegetables and grains, a heat transfer medium is not needed, and the materials can be locally heated, so that the dehydration efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, the heat energy conversion rate is high, and the device is clean and pollution-free. At present, infrared drying methods mainly comprise three types: catalytic infrared drying, electric infrared drying, glass and ceramic infrared drying. The catalytic infrared drying adopts natural gas as a main energy source, converts the natural gas into infrared radiation energy through catalysts such as palladium, platinum and the like, has higher energy conversion rate, and has higher conversion rate of the radiation energy and more energy saving compared with the traditional electric infrared drying; compared with the traditional infrared drying of glass and ceramics, the glass is not easy to break, and has longer service life and higher safety. At present, some technologies and equipment for drying agricultural products and food by adopting catalytic infrared are researched and developed and reported, but the technologies and the equipment are all built on static or conveyor belt type infrared drying equipment, and the problems of non-uniform temperature and low heat energy utilization rate of the infrared processing equipment exist. In order to break through the difficult problems of poor uniformity of catalytic infrared radiation drying and low diffusion speed of water in hard shell nuts, the novel design of the roller type catalytic infrared drying equipment is adopted, so that the high-efficiency drying of hard shell nut agricultural products is realized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the green processing is realized. At present, no research report of drying walnuts by adopting roller type constant-temperature infrared and hot air in sequence exists at home and abroad, and a complete process scheme and infrared processing equipment need to be provided urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for drying walnuts by drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequentially, wherein the walnuts are subjected to infrared pre-drying by a drum-type infrared heating design, so that the drying time can be greatly shortened, the processing cost is reduced, meanwhile, the cracking of the walnuts caused by non-uniform infrared temperature can be avoided, and the quality of dried walnuts is guaranteed.
A method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared rays and hot air comprises the following steps:
(1) removing outer green peel of the picked fresh walnuts, washing the walnuts clean with clear water, and draining the surface water;
(2) and adjusting the distance between the infrared generator and the sample to be 25-35 cm. Adjusting the infrared radiation temperature to 350-500 ℃. And adjusting the rotating speed of the roller to 20-40 Hz. Then pouring fresh walnuts into a feeding hopper, stopping infrared predrying after the walnuts come out of a discharge port, wherein the infrared radiation time is 6.20-11.01 min, and obtaining the infrared predried walnuts;
(3) and (3) quickly transferring the walnuts subjected to infrared pre-drying into hot air drying equipment, and continuously drying the walnuts by hot air at the temperature of 43 ℃ and the air speed of 3m/s until the walnuts reach safe moisture, and stopping drying to obtain dry walnut products with the dry basis moisture content up to the standard (8%).
Preferably, the infrared radiation distance in the step (2) is 30 cm;
preferably, the temperature of the infrared radiation in the step (2) is 450 ℃;
preferably, the rotating speed of the roller in the step (2) is 25Hz, namely the infrared radiation time is 9.5 min;
preferably, the hot air drying time in the step (3) is 16 h.
The moisture content of the obtained dried walnut product is within a safe range (8%), and compared with single hot air drying, the drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying time is shortened by 19.2%, so that the drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying mode is more efficient and energy-saving.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying method used by the invention can enable a sample to obtain higher moisture removal rate in a short time, and meanwhile, the drum-type drying equipment is designed to ensure the uniformity of the heated raw material, avoid the adverse phenomena of cracking and the like of the surface of the walnut caused by overhigh infrared temperature, break through the defect of poor uniformity of catalytic infrared radiation drying, realize the efficient drying of hard-shell fruit agricultural products, remarkably shorten the drying time and save more energy compared with a single hot air drying technology. At present, no report in the field of drying hard-shelled fruit agricultural products by adopting a roller type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying technology is seen at home and abroad.
(2) The drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying method adopted by the invention has the advantages of high drying speed, low operation cost, simple equipment and less complicated operation steps, is beneficial to being applied to industrialized production, and has great advantages in the aspects of commercialization, standardization and marketization of technology and equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a drum-type infrared drying apparatus, in which 1 and 2 are catalytic infrared generators, 3 is an air pump, 4 is a frame, 5 is a drum rotating motor, 6 is an electrical appliance control box, 7 is a feeding hopper, 8 is a drum drying chamber, 9 is a supporting shaft, 10 is a drum drying chamber inner wall baffle, and 11 is a discharging hopper.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the drum-type infrared drying device, in which 12 is a temperature sensor, 13 is an infrared plate distance adjusting device, 14 is the outer wall of the drum-type drying chamber, 15 is a gas pipe, 16 is a transmission gear, 17 is a gas pressure gauge, and 18 is a gas regulating valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples and with reference to the data. The examples of the present invention are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
The invention takes fresh walnuts without green husks as raw materials. The drying effect is to examine the reduction rate of the dry basis water content of the sample; the drying quality is the value of the shell opening rate and the color change of the inspected sample. The method for measuring the dry basis water content of the sample refers to GB/T5009.3-2016. The chromaticity index of the sample is measured by a full-automatic colorimeter CR-400.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a structure of a drum type infrared drying apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a side view of a structure of a drum type infrared drying apparatus equipped with two catalytic infrared generators 1 and 2 each having a size of 3600mm in length by 300mm in width by 60mm in thickness.
Firstly, starting a liquefied gas and air pump 3, controlling the proportion of gas and air in a gas pipe 15 by adjusting a gas adjusting valve 18, monitoring the numerical display of a gas pressure gauge 17 and a temperature sensor 12, and adjusting the infrared radiation temperature of catalytic infrared generators 1 and 2 fixed on a supporting shaft 9 to a set temperature; controlling the infrared radiation distance to a set distance by adjusting the infrared plate distance adjusting device 13; and starting the electric appliance control box 6, starting the roller rotating motor 5 on the rack 4, and driving the roller drying chamber outer wall 14 to rotate through the transmission gear 16 to adjust the roller rotating speed to a set rotating speed. Then, fresh walnuts are poured into a feeding hopper 7 and enter a roller drying chamber 8, the walnuts are pushed by a screw of a baffle plate 10 on the inner wall of the roller chamber to be subjected to roller constant-temperature infrared pre-drying, and finally, the walnuts come out from a discharging hopper 11 to stop the infrared pre-drying.
Comparative example 1: single hot air drying
The single hot air drying method of the fresh walnuts comprises the following steps:
(1) removing outer green peel of the picked fresh walnuts, washing the walnuts clean with clear water, and draining the surface water;
(2) and (3) starting a hot air drying device in advance, heating to 43 ℃, then uniformly spreading the fresh walnuts on a sample tray, adjusting the air speed to be 3m/s, dehydrating and drying, stopping drying until the walnuts reach safe moisture, obtaining a hot air dried walnut product with the dry basis moisture content up to the standard (8%), and recording the total drying time, wherein the specific result is shown in table 4.
Example 1: drum-type constant-temperature infrared predrying
The drum-type constant-temperature infrared pre-drying method of fresh walnuts comprises the following steps:
(1) removing outer green peel of the picked fresh walnuts, washing the walnuts clean with clear water, and draining the surface water;
(2) the infrared radiation distance is adjusted to 25 cm. The infrared radiation temperature of the catalytic infrared generators 1 and 2 was adjusted to 450 ℃. The rotating speed of the adjusting roller is 35 Hz. Then pouring fresh walnuts into a feeding hopper, and stopping the infrared predrying after the walnuts come out of a discharge port to obtain infrared predryed walnuts;
(3) and (3) measuring the water content reduction rate, the chromaticity change value and the shell opening rate of the sample: taking 20 walnuts, and respectively recording the initial dry basis moisture content WC of the sample0And surface color Δ E0Then carrying out infrared pre-drying treatment, and recording the dry basis water content WC of the dried sampleiSurface color Δ EiAnd the number of the shells opened, calculating the reduction rate of the dry basis water content, the chromaticity change value and the shell opening rate, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
The water content reduction rate calculation formula is as follows:
the chroma variation value calculation formula is as follows: value of chromaticity variation ═ Δ Ei-ΔE0
In the formula of WC0Is the initial dry basis water content (%) before the sample is dried; WCiThe water content (%) of the dried sample is shown; delta E0Surface color before sample drying; delta EiThe surface color of the sample after drying.
Example 2:
the experimental treatment process was the same as that of example 1, except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3:
the experimental procedure was the same as in example 1, except that the infrared radiation distance was 35cm, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different IR radiation distances on the rate of water content decrease, the change in chromaticity and the rate of shell opening
| Examples | Radiation distance (cm) | Percentage of decrease in Water content (%) | Value of change in chromaticity | Rate of Shell opening (%) | Remarks for note |
| Example 1 | 25 | 7.724±1.410 | 12.427±2.854 | 0 | Tan color of small area |
| Example 2 | 30 | 7.267±0.631 | 8.403±1.561 | 0 | Is free of |
| Example 3 | 35 | 7.046±0.881 | 8.474±2.083 | 0 | Is free of |
As can be seen from the rate of decrease in the moisture content of the samples of comparative examples 1 to 3 in Table 1, the rate of decrease in the moisture content of walnuts on a dry basis decreases with increasing plate pitch, and the plate pitch of 25cm is better than the plate pitch of 30cm is better than the plate pitch of 35 cm. The color difference value delta E of the raw materials is reduced along with the increase of the plate distance, the smaller delta E represents the smaller color difference between dried walnut products and fresh walnuts, and therefore the plate distance is suitable for 30cm and 35 cm. Under the conditions that the plate temperature is 450 ℃ and the rotating speed is 35Hz, the surface temperature of walnuts under different plate distance levels is similar, and the shell opening condition is avoided. However, at a plate spacing of 25cm, a small area of tan trace was present in a small portion of the sample case, indicating that localized overheating of the material, i.e., uneven heating, may still occur during the drum-type isothermal infrared drying process. Comprehensively considering the drying effect and the walnut quality, the better plate distance is 30 cm.
Example 4:
the experimental treatment was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm and the infrared radiation temperature of the infrared generators 1 and 2 was 350 deg.C, and the specific results are shown in Table 2.
Example 5:
the experimental treatment process was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm, the infrared radiation temperature of the infrared generators 1 and 2 was 400 deg.C, and the specific results are shown in Table 2.
Example 6:
the experimental treatment process was the same as that of example 1, except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm, and the specific results are shown in Table 2.
Example 7:
the experimental treatment process was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm, the infrared radiation temperature of the infrared generators 1 and 2 was 500 deg.c, and the specific results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of different IR radiation temperatures on the rate of water content decrease, the change in color and the rate of shell opening
| Examples | Radiation temperature (. degree. C.) | Percentage of decrease in Water content (%) | Value of change in chromaticity | Rate of Shell opening (%) | Remarks for note |
| Example 4 | 350 | 6.992±1.074 | 10.846±1.691 | 0 | Is free of |
| Example 5 | 400 | 7.844±0.738 | 9.312±2.364 | 0 | Is free of |
| Example 6 | 450 | 7.512±0.823 | 8.760±1.362 | 0 | Is free of |
| Example 7 | 500 | 8.334±0.845 | 11.467±1.927 | 0 | Tan color of small area |
As can be seen from the moisture content reduction rates of the samples of comparative examples 4 to 7 in Table 2, the dry basis moisture content reduction rate of walnuts increases with the increase of the board temperature, and the higher the board temperature, the higher the surface temperature, and the better the dehydration effect in the pre-drying stage. The infrared pretreatment stage removes 7.844-8.334% of water when the temperature of the plate is 400-500 ℃. When the temperature of the plate is 500 ℃, the delta E of the sample is higher, namely the sample is yellowish, and the color difference with the initial color of the walnut is the largest, so that the infrared heating temperature is not suitable to be too high. Under the conditions that the plate distance is 30cm and the rotating speed is 35Hz, the shell opening phenomenon of the raw materials does not occur at the temperature of each plate. Plate temperatures below 500 ℃ are recommended because of the small area of tan trace on part of the sample surface at 500 ℃. The drying effect and the walnut quality are comprehensively considered, and the temperature of the better infrared radiation plate is 450 ℃.
Example 8:
the experimental process was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm and the drum rotation speed was 20Hz, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.
Example 9:
the experimental process was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm and the drum rotation speed was 25Hz, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.
Example 10:
the experimental process was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm and the drum rotation speed was 30Hz, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.
Example 11:
the experimental treatment process was the same as that of example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.
Example 12:
the experimental process was the same as in example 1 except that the infrared radiation distance was 30cm and the drum rotation speed was 40Hz, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of different drum rotation speeds on moisture content reduction rate, color change value and shell opening rate
| Examples | Roller speed (Hz) | Percentage of decrease in Water content (%) | Value of change in chromaticity | Rate of Shell opening (%) | Infrared predrying time (min) |
| Example 8 | 20 | 11.828±0.132 | 15.557±2.766 | 50 | 11.01 |
| Example 9 | 25 | 10.709±1.334 | 11.415±1.895 | 0 | 9.50 |
| Example 10 | 30 | 9.118±1.211 | 10.119±1.879 | 0 | 7.75 |
| Example 11 | 35 | 7.512±0.823 | 8.760±1.362 | 0 | 7.00 |
| Example 12 | 40 | 6.131±0.813 | 9.800±3.035 | 0 | 6.20 |
As can be seen from the moisture content decreasing rates of the samples of comparative examples 8 to 12 in Table 3, the moisture content decreasing rate of the walnut on a dry basis decreases as the rotation speed increases, the shorter the time of infrared radiation is as the rotation speed of the drum increases. When the rotating speed of the roller is 20Hz, the infrared pretreatment time is 11.01min, and 11.828% of water is removed; when the rotating speed of the roller is 25Hz, the infrared pretreatment time is 9.50min, and 10.709% of water is removed; when the rotating speed of the roller is 30Hz, the infrared pretreatment time is 7.75min, and 9.118 percent of water is removed; the water content reduction rate of the sample has no significant difference when the rotating speed of the roller is 35Hz and 40 Hz. Therefore, the lower rotating speed of the roller is more beneficial to improving the drying efficiency of the walnuts. When the rotating speed of the roller is 20Hz, the color difference delta E between the sample after pre-drying and the initial state of the sample is the largest, but obvious scorch does not appear, half of the sample is slightly opened, the sensory quality of the walnuts is seriously influenced, and the later storage and sale are not facilitated. The drying effect and quality of walnuts are comprehensively considered, and the rotating speed of a better roller is 25 Hz.
The walnut drying effect and quality of the walnut of the example 9 are best found by comparing the examples 1 to 12, thereby determining the best operation parameters (namely the operation conditions of the example 9) of the roller type constant temperature infrared pre-drying walnut as follows: the infrared radiation temperature is 450 ℃, the infrared radiation distance is 30cm, and the rotating speed of the roller is 25 Hz.
Example 13: drum type constant temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying
The drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying method of fresh walnuts comprises the following steps:
(1) removing outer green peel of the picked fresh walnuts, washing the walnuts clean with clear water, and draining the surface water;
(2) drum-type thermostatted infrared predrying was carried out according to the conditions of example 9, namely: the catalytic infrared radiation distance is adjusted to be 30 cm. The infrared radiation temperature was adjusted to 450 ℃. The rotating speed of the adjusting roller is 25 Hz. Then pouring fresh walnuts into a feeding hopper, stopping the infrared predrying after the walnuts come out of a discharge port, wherein the infrared radiation time is 9.5min, and obtaining the infrared predried walnuts;
(3) and (3) rapidly transferring the walnuts subjected to infrared pre-drying into hot air drying equipment, continuously drying the walnuts by hot air at the temperature of 43 ℃ and the air speed of 3m/s until the walnuts reach safe moisture, stopping drying to obtain dry walnut products with the dry basis moisture content up to the standard (8%), recording the total drying time (namely the infrared pre-drying time and the hot air drying time), and showing specific results in a table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of different drying modes on the drying effect
The comparative analysis table 4 shows that when the samples are dried by the two drying modes until the moisture content of the dry basis is 8%, the walnut samples do not have the shell opening phenomenon, the quality is good, but the total time of the drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying is shortest and is 16.16 hours; the longest time is single hot air drying, and the time is 20 h. This is because the drying rate of the drum type constant temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying is fastest. Compared with single hot air drying, the total time of drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying is shortened by 19.2%. Therefore, the drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air sequential drying method is more efficient and energy-saving.
Claims (5)
1. A method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot air is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) removing outer green peel of the picked fresh walnuts, washing the walnuts clean with clear water, and draining the surface water;
(2) adjusting the distance between the infrared generator and the sample to be 25-35 cm; adjusting the infrared radiation temperature to 350-500 ℃; adjusting the rotating speed of the roller to 20-40 Hz; then pouring fresh walnuts into a feeding hopper, stopping infrared predrying after the walnuts come out of a discharge port, wherein the infrared radiation time is 6.20-11.01 min, and obtaining the infrared predried walnuts;
(3) and (3) quickly transferring the walnuts subjected to infrared pre-drying into hot air drying equipment, and continuously drying the walnuts by hot air at the temperature of 43 ℃ and the air speed of 3m/s until the walnuts reach safe moisture, and stopping drying to obtain dry walnut products with the dry basis moisture content up to the standard (8%).
2. The drum-type constant temperature infrared and hot air sequential walnut drying method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preferable infrared radiation distance in the step (2) is 30 cm.
3. The drum-type constant temperature infrared and hot air sequential walnut drying method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preferable infrared radiation temperature in the step (2) is 450 ℃.
4. The method for drying walnuts in sequence by drum type constant temperature infrared and hot air according to claim 1, wherein the preferable drum rotation speed in the step (2) is 25Hz, and the infrared radiation time is 9.5 min.
5. The drum-type constant-temperature infrared and hot-air sequential walnut drying method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preferred hot-air drying time in the step (3) is 16 h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911293413.2A CN111059875A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared ray and hot air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911293413.2A CN111059875A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared ray and hot air |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111059875A true CN111059875A (en) | 2020-04-24 |
Family
ID=70301180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911293413.2A Pending CN111059875A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared ray and hot air |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111059875A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113377133A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江联盛合众新能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation support system and control method |
| CN113899174A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-07 | 苏州格瑞涂装科技有限公司 | Drum-type gas catalysis infrared dryer |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2438820B1 (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2014-01-08 | Heat and Control, Inc. | Method and apparatus for oil-free production of food products in a rotary impingement oven |
| CN103583671A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏大学 | Technical method for catalytic infrared dry-process de-enzyming and synchronous dehydration of fruits and vegetables |
| CN103932361A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-23 | 林双凤 | Infrared heating device of frying pan |
| CN104406386A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-03-11 | 镇江美博生物科技有限公司 | Catalytic infrared and hot air drying integrated machine |
| CN104522152A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Sequential infrared hot air drying method for dry-method de-enzyming treatment of fruits and vegetables |
| EP2984945A1 (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-02-17 | Ching-Cheng Cheng | Bean roasting device |
| CN206469652U (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-09-05 | 盐城康泽源食品有限公司 | A kind of drying unit |
| CN206919579U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-01-23 | 湖北广净环保催化剂有限公司 | A kind of far infrared automatic control system |
| CN208573007U (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-05 | 香格里拉市源桃庄农业科技有限公司 | A kind of walnut circulating air drying device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-16 CN CN201911293413.2A patent/CN111059875A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2438820B1 (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2014-01-08 | Heat and Control, Inc. | Method and apparatus for oil-free production of food products in a rotary impingement oven |
| CN103583671A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏大学 | Technical method for catalytic infrared dry-process de-enzyming and synchronous dehydration of fruits and vegetables |
| CN103932361A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-23 | 林双凤 | Infrared heating device of frying pan |
| EP2984945A1 (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-02-17 | Ching-Cheng Cheng | Bean roasting device |
| CN104406386A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-03-11 | 镇江美博生物科技有限公司 | Catalytic infrared and hot air drying integrated machine |
| CN104522152A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Sequential infrared hot air drying method for dry-method de-enzyming treatment of fruits and vegetables |
| CN206469652U (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-09-05 | 盐城康泽源食品有限公司 | A kind of drying unit |
| CN206919579U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-01-23 | 湖北广净环保催化剂有限公司 | A kind of far infrared automatic control system |
| CN208573007U (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-05 | 香格里拉市源桃庄农业科技有限公司 | A kind of walnut circulating air drying device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 张美勇: "《科技惠农一号工程-核桃高效栽培》", 31 December 2015, 山东科学技术出版社 * |
| 王冰: "核桃干燥技术现状与分析", 《中国农机化学报》 * |
| 王小纪: "《一本书明白核桃—安全高效与规模化生产技术》", 28 February 2016, 陕西科学技术出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113377133A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江联盛合众新能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation support system and control method |
| CN113899174A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-07 | 苏州格瑞涂装科技有限公司 | Drum-type gas catalysis infrared dryer |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103271139B (en) | Momordica grosvenori drying process and momordica grosvenori drying equipment | |
| CN111059875A (en) | Method for drying walnuts sequentially by drum-type constant-temperature infrared ray and hot air | |
| CN206362138U (en) | Drying device for producing the dry plate of apple half | |
| CN211373069U (en) | Drying device for food production | |
| CN103907797A (en) | Spiral food heating, cooling or drying device and application thereof | |
| CN111066876A (en) | Double-plate type infrared and hot air sequential drying method for walnuts | |
| CN112753752A (en) | Microwave and ultrasonic-assisted frequency-conversion centrifugal dehydration and drying integrated device for fruits and vegetables and application thereof | |
| CN109259275A (en) | A kind of watermelon seeds processing unit (plant) and method | |
| CN203251922U (en) | Drying equipment for momordica grosvenori | |
| CN112674366B (en) | Fruit and vegetable infrared pressure difference puffing and drying equipment and process | |
| CN204969193U (en) | Continuous type microwave drying brown rice equipment that sprouts | |
| CN111066880B (en) | Method for drying walnut by combining variable-temperature roller type catalytic infrared and hot air | |
| CN201830863U (en) | Continuous frying device capable of automatic control | |
| CN103859316A (en) | Processing method of washing-free persimmon cake | |
| CN214065626U (en) | Vegetable baking machine capable of baking uniformly | |
| CN203776071U (en) | Spiral food heating/cooling/drying device | |
| CN105192618A (en) | Tempering and drying technology for Chinese yam slices | |
| CN106679334A (en) | Low-temperature drying device for camellia seeds | |
| CN206744428U (en) | A kind of sea cucumber vacuum freeze-drying online weighing device | |
| CN1081898C (en) | Method for drying fruit and vegetable by combination of hot air with cold air | |
| CN108433146A (en) | A kind of roasted seeds and nuts processing parch equipment | |
| CN209234937U (en) | A kind of watermelon seeds processing unit (plant) | |
| CN211241665U (en) | Electrostatic vacuum drying device | |
| CN103621874A (en) | Processing method for myotonin | |
| CN110584167B (en) | Continuous drying tower of garlic |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200424 |