CN111058443A - Precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating loess collapsibility - Google Patents
Precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating loess collapsibility Download PDFInfo
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- CN111058443A CN111058443A CN201911314943.0A CN201911314943A CN111058443A CN 111058443 A CN111058443 A CN 111058443A CN 201911314943 A CN201911314943 A CN 201911314943A CN 111058443 A CN111058443 A CN 111058443A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/16—Foundations formed of separate piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/34—Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/20—Placing by pressure or pulling power
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating loess collapsibility, which comprises the following steps: 1) construction preparation; 2) positioning a vibration point; 3) high-pressure air injection; 4) sinking by vibration; 5) lifting to form a hole; 6) inserting a precast pile; 7) pile sinking; 8) and finishing the construction. On the basis of the traditional precast pile composite foundation construction method, when the collapsible loess foundation is treated, aiming at the problem that the precast pile can not solve the collapsible property of soil around the pile, the invention utilizes the transmission of vibration energy to gradually compact the soil among the piles and eliminate the collapsible property. Meanwhile, the vibrating rod sinking process is assisted with high-pressure air injection to form holes rapidly, the problem that the precast pile is difficult to sink due to overlarge side friction in the loess area is solved, and the method is an economical and effective construction method for treating the collapsible loess foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a collapsible loess foundation treatment technology, in particular to a construction method of a precast pile composite foundation for eliminating loess collapsibility, and belongs to the technical field of foundation treatment methods.
Background
The distribution of loess in China occupies about 6.6% of the territorial area of China, and covers about 63.5 million square kilometers of territorial soil in northwest China, North China, northeast Songliao plain and the like. Loess has the remarkable characteristics of large pores, loose structure, upright joint, uniform components, no layering, collapsibility when meeting water and the like. The collapsible property of loess and the problems of cracking, subsidence, landslide and the like are always the difficulties and hot spots concerned by the engineering community in the loess area. The foundation treatment in collapsible loess areas is a relatively troublesome problem often encountered in civil engineering. At present, the common collapsible loess foundation treatment methods include a lime soil compaction method, a dynamic compaction method, a chemical strengthening method, a pre-soaking method and the like. Although the method has remarkable reinforcing effect and mature technology and is widely applied to loess areas, the method has respective limitations. For example, the lime soil compaction method is easy to cause land alkalization and has great influence on the environment; the dynamic compaction method has limited treatment depth and large vibration noise; the chemical reinforcement method has too high treatment cost and the reinforcement process is not easy to control. The pre-soaking method cannot effectively treat the upper soil layer, only eliminates the collapsibility of self-weight collapsible loess in advance, but cannot enhance the strength of the loess, and has high cost and long construction period.
The patent No. ZL201710692387.5 is a patent technology named as a method for treating collapsible loess foundation by a bidirectional auger compaction method, and is characterized in that after a hole is drilled by a bidirectional auger machine, plain soil or lime soil is filled in the hole and is tamped until the surface of the foundation, the treatment technology has the defects of long foundation treatment time, high noise and uncontrollable post-construction settlement.
The patent number is ZL201410017293.4, the name is "a joint processing construction method of collapsible loess foundation" patent technology mainly adopts toper rammer to strike and carry out the preliminary treatment to collapsible loess after, adopts drilling to ram and expand the crowded close stake of lime soil again and carry out the benefit stake and consolidate, carries out the mud jacking construction behind the bored concrete pile at last, and this kind of processing technology has the step complicacy, synthesizes the cost height, and the construction period is long, and is big to the environmental impact.
The precast pile composite foundation is characterized in that precast piles are driven into foundation soil through a certain pile sinking method, the composite foundation formed by the piles and the soil among the piles jointly bears upper load, and the precast pile composite foundation is widely used because the precast pile composite foundation has high bearing capacity and good durability and can lean against a soft soil foundation in the southeast coast. However, the moisture content of loess in a natural state is low, the structural property is strong, and pile sinking is difficult if the pile periphery negative friction resistance is too large during pile sinking directly, so that the construction efficiency and the treatment effect are greatly influenced. This also becomes a major obstacle to the application of the precast pile composite foundation in collapsible loess areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prefabricated pile composite foundation can be applied to the barriers and the limitations of the prefabricated pile composite foundation in the loess region, and provides a prefabricated pile composite construction method for eliminating loess collapsibility.
The technical scheme is as follows: the construction method of the precast pile composite foundation for eliminating the loess collapsibility comprises the following steps:
1) construction preparation: leveling a field before construction, measuring and lofting according to a design drawing, marking the position of a vibration point, wherein the error between the position of the vibration point and the position of a mark of the design drawing is not more than 5cm, and the distance between the vibration points is determined according to a design scheme;
2) positioning a vibration point: the crane suspends the vibrating rod to a specified point position and centers the vibrating rod, the vibrating rod is adjusted to be vertical to the ground, and the verticality deviation of the vibrating rod is not more than 3%;
3) high-pressure air injection: opening an air compressor, and enabling high-pressure air to flow to an air jet hole on a drill bit below a vibrating rod along an air duct in the vibrating rod, wherein the aperture of the air jet hole is set to be 1-10 mm;
4) vibration sinking: setting vibration frequency, starting a vibration hammer to enable a vibration rod to slowly sink to the designed treatment depth under the action of high-pressure air, self gravity and vibration, wherein the rate of sinking the rod is controlled to be 1.0-1.2 m/min;
5) lifting and forming holes: slowly winding up by a winch to lift the vibrating rod to the ground surface, closing the vibrating hammer, and removing the vibrating rod to form a vibrating hole with the diameter slightly larger than that of the vibrating rod on the ground surface;
6) inserting a precast pile: the pile driver lifts the precast pile to the vibration hole and centers the precast pile, the verticality deviation of the precast pile is not more than 3%, the precast pile is slowly inserted into the vibration hole, and the pile end of the precast pile is matched with a pile tip to play a role in guiding and plugging;
7) pile sinking by static pressure: a pile driver is adopted to carry out static pressure pile sinking on the precast pile to the designed depth, and if the length of the precast pile is not enough, welding pile splicing is required;
8) and (5) finishing construction: and after pile sinking is finished, repeating the construction steps from 2) to 7) according to the designed vibration point distance, and sequentially carrying out other point location construction until the construction is finished.
The distance between the vibration points is 1.0-4.0 m.
The vibrating rod and the high-pressure air injection part are integrally designed, the lower part of the vibrating hammer is provided with the vibrating rod, the middle of the vibrating rod is provided with an air duct along the axial direction, and the conical tip at the lower part of the vibrating rod is provided with an air injection hole; the aperture of the air injection hole is 1-10 mm.
The air injection pressure of the high-pressure air injection is 0.5-1.8 MPa.
The vibration frequency of the vibration sink is 12-18 Hz.
The diameter of the inserted precast pile is 8-20 cm larger than the diameter of the vibration hole.
The pile sinking depth of the precast pile is 0.8-2.0 m greater than the vibration treatment depth.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the scheme, the construction method of the precast pile composite foundation for eliminating the loess collapsibility has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the construction method of the precast pile composite foundation for eliminating the loess collapsibility, the energy of the vibrating rod can be effectively transferred to the soil layer around the pile in a resonance state, and the collapsibility of the soil layer around the pile is eliminated;
2. the vibration frequency of the vibration pore-forming is 12 Hz-18 Hz, the resonance frequency of the foundation soil is mainly low frequency, and when the vibration frequency of the vibration hammer is close to the natural frequency of the soil body, the vibration hammer is favorable for generating resonance effect, so that the soil between pores is gradually compacted by vibration under the action of vibration energy and the collapsibility is eliminated; the vibrating arm sinks the supplementary highly-compressed air pore-forming fast of in-process, destroys rod end soil body structure, reduces the rod end and sinks resistance and side friction resistance for speed and construction progress sink, solved the precast pile in the loess area because the too big problem that is difficult to the pile that sinks of side friction resistance.
3. The composite foundation construction method of the invention does not need filling or replacement, can carry out the construction of the precast pile only by plugging the vibrating rod once, can greatly save the construction cost, has simple and convenient construction and obvious reinforcing effect, and has the characteristics of high foundation bearing capacity, low manufacturing cost, simple and convenient construction, economy and environmental protection.
4. After the collapsible loess is treated by the method, the soil layer of the field is obviously sunk after being compacted, and the method can play a role in reducing the excavation amount of the building needing to excavate the basement;
5. the invention adopts the precast pile as the vertical reinforcement to greatly improve the bearing capacity of the composite foundation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an operation method for treating collapsible loess foundation by a vibrating rod compacting method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the integrated design of the vibrating rod and the high-pressure air injection.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of precast pile insertion.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1-a vibration hammer; 2-a vibrating rod; 3-an air duct; 4-gas injection holes; 5-precast pile; 6-vibrating the hole; 7-pile tip; 8-vibration point spacing; and 9-difference between the depth of the precast pile and the depth of the vibrating hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be elucidated on the basis of an embodiment shown in the drawing. The embodiments disclosed herein are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is not limited by the following description of the embodiments.
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3.
The construction method of the precast pile composite foundation for eliminating the loess collapsibility comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) leveling the site before construction, measuring and lofting according to a design drawing, marking the vibration point position, and determining the vibration point interval 8 to be 2.5m according to a design scheme.
2) Positioning a vibration point: the crane suspends the specially-made vibrating rod 2 to a specified point position and centers the specially-made vibrating rod 2, the vibrating rod 2 is adjusted to be vertical to the ground, and the verticality deviation of the vibrating rod 2 is not more than 3%.
3) High-pressure air injection: the air compressor is turned on and high pressure air is forced along the air duct 3 inside the vibratory rod 2 to the air injection holes 4 in the drill bit below the vibratory rod 2. For preventing blockage, the aperture of the gas injection hole 4 is set to be 1.6mm, and the gas injection pressure is set to be 1.2 MPa.
4) Vibration sinking: the vibration frequency is set to be 15Hz, the vibration hammer 1 is started, the vibration rod 2 slowly sinks to the designed treatment depth under the action of high-pressure air, self gravity and vibration, and the sinking rod speed is controlled to be 1.5 m/min.
5) Lifting and forming holes: the winch slowly takes up the wire to lift the vibrating rod 2 to the ground surface, the vibrating hammer 1 is closed, the vibrating rod 1 is moved away, and the ground surface forms a vibrating hole 6 with the diameter slightly larger than that of the vibrating rod.
6) Inserting a precast pile: the construction equipment lifts the precast pile 5 to the position of the vibration hole 6 and is centered, the verticality deviation of the precast pile 5 does not exceed 3 percent, the precast pile 5 is slowly inserted into the vibration hole, and the pile tip 7 is matched with the pile end of the precast pile 5 to play a role in guiding and plugging. The precast pile 5 is a tubular pile, and the diameter of the precast pile 5 is 10cm larger than that of the vibrating hole 6.
7) Pile sinking: and (3) sinking the precast pile 5 to the designed depth by adopting construction equipment, wherein the depth difference between the precast pile and the vibration hole is 1.5m, and welding pile splicing is required if the length of the precast pile 5 is not enough.
8) And (5) finishing construction: and after pile sinking is finished, repeating the construction steps from 2) to 7) according to the designed vibration point interval 8, and sequentially carrying out other point location construction until the construction is finished.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment methods, structures, and precise structures shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A construction method of a precast pile composite foundation for eliminating loess collapsibility is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) construction preparation: leveling a field before construction, measuring and lofting according to a design drawing, marking the position of a vibration point, wherein the error between the position of the vibration point and the position of a mark of the design drawing is not more than 5cm, and the distance between the vibration points is determined according to a design scheme;
2) positioning a vibration point: the crane suspends the vibrating rod to a specified point position and centers the vibrating rod, the vibrating rod is adjusted to be vertical to the ground, and the verticality deviation of the vibrating rod is not more than 3%;
3) high-pressure air injection: opening an air compressor, and enabling high-pressure air to flow to an air jet hole on a drill bit below a vibrating rod along an air duct in the vibrating rod, wherein the aperture of the air jet hole is set to be 1-10 mm;
4) vibration sinking: setting vibration frequency, starting a vibration hammer to enable a vibration rod to slowly sink to the designed treatment depth under the action of high-pressure air, self gravity and vibration, wherein the rate of sinking the rod is controlled to be 1.0-1.2 m/min;
5) lifting and forming holes: slowly winding up by a winch to lift the vibrating rod to the ground surface, closing the vibrating hammer, and removing the vibrating rod to form a vibrating hole with the diameter slightly larger than that of the vibrating rod on the ground surface;
6) inserting a precast pile: the pile driver lifts the precast pile to the vibration hole and centers the precast pile, the verticality deviation of the precast pile is not more than 3%, the precast pile is slowly inserted into the vibration hole, and the pile end of the precast pile is matched with a pile tip to play a role in guiding and plugging;
7) pile sinking by static pressure: a pile driver is adopted to carry out static pressure pile sinking on the precast pile to the designed depth, and if the length of the precast pile is not enough, welding pile splicing is required;
8) and (5) finishing construction: and after pile sinking is finished, repeating the construction steps from 2) to 7) according to the designed vibration point distance, and sequentially carrying out other point location construction until the construction is finished.
2. The precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating the loess collapsibility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the vibration points is 1.0-4.0 m.
3. The precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating the loess collapsibility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibrating rod and the high-pressure air injection part are integrally designed, the lower part of the vibrating hammer (1) is provided with the vibrating rod (2), the middle of the vibrating rod (2) is provided with an air duct (3) in a penetrating way along the axial direction, and the conical tip at the lower part of the vibrating rod (2) is provided with an air injection hole (4); the aperture of the air injection hole is 1-10 mm.
4. The precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating the loess collapsibility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air injection pressure of the high-pressure air injection is 0.5-1.8 MPa.
5. The precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating the loess collapsibility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibration frequency of the vibration sink is 12-18 Hz.
6. The precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating the loess collapsibility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the inserted precast pile is 8-20 cm larger than the diameter of the vibration hole.
7. The precast pile composite foundation construction method for eliminating the loess collapsibility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pile sinking depth of the precast pile is 0.8-2.0 m greater than the vibration treatment depth.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111593721A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Collapsible loess foundation reinforcing method |
| CN113174937A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-27 | 东南大学 | Method for processing soft clay layer and liquefied soil layer interactive foundation by using pneumatic vibrating rod compaction method |
| CN113931164A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-14 | 西宁碧胜房地产开发有限公司 | Club-footed pile construction method for pre-soaking and compacting collapsible loess |
| CN113998056A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-01 | 吴常文 | Expansion type anchoring pile fastening device for ocean oil and gas platform |
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| CN113998056A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-01 | 吴常文 | Expansion type anchoring pile fastening device for ocean oil and gas platform |
| CN113998056B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-10-03 | 吴常文 | Expansion type ocean oil gas platform anchoring pile tying device |
| CN113174937A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-27 | 东南大学 | Method for processing soft clay layer and liquefied soil layer interactive foundation by using pneumatic vibrating rod compaction method |
| CN113931164A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-14 | 西宁碧胜房地产开发有限公司 | Club-footed pile construction method for pre-soaking and compacting collapsible loess |
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| CN111058443B (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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