CN111057555A - Soil conditioner special for tea garden and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner special for tea garden and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil conditioner special for a tea garden and a preparation method thereof, wherein the conditioner comprises biochar; silicon, calcium and magnesium; compound microbial inoculum; potassium humate and synergist. The preparation method comprises oven drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with a sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing and stirring; uniformly mixing the composite microbial agent according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring, and then shading and stacking at room temperature for later use; uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into the biochar, mixing and stirring, uniformly spraying urea solution in the stirring process, and then standing; uniformly adding the silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate into the prepared material, and mixing and stirring; the tea garden special soil conditioner and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are reasonable in proportioning of the components, and can supplement mineral nutrition to the soil matrix, so that the planting can be carried out repeatedly, and the overall cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil conditioning, in particular to a soil conditioner special for a tea garden and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Tea is one of the important economic plants in subtropical hilly areas. Tea trees are frequently planted as leaf plants in nutrient-poor soil such as hilly lands, tea is a perennial plant, has the characteristic of preferring aluminum (a1), and is suitable for growing in soil with ph of 4.5-6.5. The long-term growth of tea trees can accelerate the acidification of soil, so that the acidity of the tea garden soil is continuously improved along with the increase of the planting age of the tea trees. Not only can influence the growth of tea trees and the quality of tea, but also can inhibit the growth of intercropped fruit trees.
With the large-area popularization of clonal tea plant varieties and the pursuit of high yield of partial tea growers, the fertilizer consumption of the tea garden is gradually increased. Excessive fertilization not only increases production costs, but also causes environmental quality problems such as soil acidification, non-point source pollution, greenhouse gas emission, and the like. The acidification of the tea garden soil can influence the tea garden soil, so that a large amount of leaching loss of basic cations is caused, the water retention rate and the porosity of the soil are reduced, the ecology of the tea garden soil is damaged, the soil fertility is reduced, toxic heavy metals can be activated, and the yield and the quality of tea trees can be influenced finally.
The technical scheme in the prior art is a scheme for conditioning the soil of the tea garden, which comprises the following steps:
publication No. CN 104893735A, the name of a soil conditioner special for a northern brown soil newly-built tea garden, discloses: comprises the following components: 11-14 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3-6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10-13 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-6 parts of zinc sulfate, 28-35 parts of urea, 50-100 parts of humic acid, 50-70 parts of biochar and 100-150 parts of turf; according to the scheme, the tea seedlings can be fully and uniformly stirred and applied to the soil before being transplanted for half a month, the soil viscosity and the pH value are reduced by adjusting the soil structure and the physical and chemical properties, the organic matter content of the soil is improved, the growth of the lateral roots of the tea seedlings is facilitated, and the transplanting survival rate of the tea seedlings is improved.
Publication No. CN 110093164A, entitled tea garden acid soil conditioner and its preparation method and application disclose: the raw material components comprise the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of decomposed pig manure, 2-5 parts of charcoal, 2-5 parts of water hyacinth dry powder, 0-0.5 part of polyacrylamide and 0-0.5 part of dolomite powder. Drying, crushing and mixing decomposed pig manure, water hyacinth and charcoal, and then adding polyacrylamide and dolomite powder to obtain a soil conditioner; according to the technical scheme, the soil conditioner is added with the raw materials in the proportion according to 100 parts by mass of soil, and is applied with 0-50 parts of urea at the same time. And the technical scheme can effectively improve the pH value of the tea garden soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improve the yield and quality of tea leaves and reduce plant diseases and insect pests in tea leaf growth. The addition of the biochar improves the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil and promotes the microbial activity of the soil;
publication No. CN106316680A, entitled soil conditioner for tea trees, discloses: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of chitosan powder, 5-8 parts of yeast residue, 15-20 parts of sunflower meal, 20-30 parts of sepiolite powder, 2-4 parts of phosphate rock powder, 6-10 parts of natural phosphorus potassium mineral powder, 3-4 parts of borax powder, 1-2 parts of calcium silicate powder, 3-4 parts of zinc mineral powder, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of manganese carbonate and 8-12 parts of seaweed fertilizer, and the components are mixed to prepare the soil conditioner for tea trees, and the soil conditioner for tea trees is applied to the soil surface of a tea garden before being picked every year; according to the technical scheme, the micro-ecological environment in the soil is adjusted through scientific compatibility, the physical property of the soil can be improved, the fertility preservation capability and the water preservation capability of the soil are improved, and the tea garden acid soil is well improved;
aiming at the technical scheme in the prior art, although soil acidification and soil physical property can be improved by adding substances in a trampling manner within a short time, the efficiency can be ensured only by carrying out treatment in a short time and needing to be repeatedly used, so that the cost is increased, and moreover, microorganisms in a tea garden are not concerned in the scheme in the prior art, so that the microorganisms are damaged during use, and the geology is influenced; in addition, although elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like are added in the prior art, the elements are only added as medium trace elements, and a great amount of mineral nutrition is required to supplement a soil matrix in a tea garden, so that the cost is increased due to further use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a soil conditioner special for a tea garden and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a soil conditioner special for a tea garden comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50-60 parts of biochar;
20-25 parts of silicon, calcium and magnesium;
8-10 parts of a compound microbial agent;
10-15 parts of potassium humate and 5-8 parts of a synergist.
As a further technical solution, the biochar comprises:
not less than 60 wt% organic matter;
no greater than 10 wt% moisture;
not less than 8% by weight total nutrients;
wherein, the particle size of not less than 90 percent of the materials in the biochar pack is 1-4.8 mm.
As a further technical proposal, the total nutrient comprises no less than 8 weight percent of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide.
As a further technical scheme, the silicon-calcium-magnesium alloy comprises the following components:
not less than 14.5 wt% active silicon;
not less than 22% by weight of activated calcium;
not less than 2.2 wt% active magnesium;
not less than 4.5 wt% potassium oxide;
no greater than 6 wt% moisture;
wherein, the fineness of not less than 95 percent of materials in the silicon, calcium and magnesium is not less than 20 meshes.
As a further technical scheme, the composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
6-7 parts of bacillus subtilis;
1-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis;
1-2 parts of EM (effective microorganisms);
0-1 part of trichoderma.
As a further technical scheme, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis is not less than 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis is not less than 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of EM bacteria is not less than 1.8 hundred million/g; trichoderma is not less than 5 hundred million/g.
As a further technical scheme, the potassium humate comprises:
not less than 80 wt% organic matter;
not less than 50% by weight of free humic acid;
not less than 12% by weight of potassium oxide;
no greater than 15 wt% moisture;
wherein, the grain size of not less than 95 percent of the materials in the potassium humate is not less than 40 meshes.
As a further technical scheme, the synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of brown sugar, 0.8-1 part of polyaspartic acid, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 0.2-0.33 part of sodium selenite and 0.2-0.3 part of zinc sulfate.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner special for the tea garden, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a synergist: oven drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid, and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with a sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing, and stirring for 40-60 min;
s2, uniformly mixing the compound microbial agents according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring for 60-90min, and then piling up for later use in a shading mode at room temperature;
s3, uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into the biochar, uniformly spraying urea solution with the mass fraction of 3-8% in the mixing and stirring process for 20-40min to ensure that the water content of the urea solution reaches 25-30%, and then standing for 60-80 h;
and S4, silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate are uniformly added into the material prepared in the step S3, and the mixture is mixed and stirred.
As a further technical solution, the step S1 specifically includes: preparing a synergist: oven drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid, and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing, and stirring for 40-60 min.
According to the technical scheme, the soil conditioner special for the tea garden is obtained through reasonable proportioning, microorganisms cannot be damaged in the using process, and further the geology is not influenced; and the reasonable proportioning of the components can supplement mineral nutrition to the soil matrix, so that the planting can be carried out repeatedly, and the overall cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the soil conditioner special for tea gardens.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A soil conditioner special for a tea garden comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50-60 parts of biochar;
20-25 parts of silicon, calcium and magnesium;
8-10 parts of a compound microbial agent;
10-15 parts of potassium humate and 5-8 parts of a synergist.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and (3) biological charcoal wrapping: the microbial activity of the tea garden soil is improved, the phosphorus and potassium are dissolved, the nutrient absorption is promoted, heavy metals are passivated, the stress resistance of tea trees is enhanced, and the quality of the tea garden is improved;
silicon, calcium and magnesium: silicon is an essential element for high quality and high yield of crops such as fruit trees, vegetables, rice, peanuts, melons and fruits. The combination of silicon and calcium and magnesium can not only supplement the deficiency of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in soil and adjust the pH value of the soil, but also coordinate the balance of potassium, calcium and magnesium in the soil, thus being beneficial to the growth and development of crops, enhancing the stress resistance of tea trees and supplementing the mineral nutrition of tea gardens;
compound microbial agent: the microbial activity of the tea garden soil is improved, the phosphorus and potassium are dissolved, the nutrient absorption is promoted, heavy metals are passivated, the stress resistance of tea trees is enhanced, and the quality of the tea garden is improved;
potassium humate: the physical characteristics of the soil are improved, the granular structure of the soil is improved, the cation exchange capacity and the fertilizer retention capacity of the soil are increased, so that the plant nutrition is absorbed and exchanged, the fertilizer slow release performance is improved, the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the soil is increased, the slow balance capacity of the soil is increased, and the PH of the soil is neutralized;
in the present invention, the biochar includes: not less than 60 wt% organic matter; no greater than 10 wt% moisture; not less than 8% by weight total nutrients; wherein, the particle size of not less than 90 percent of the materials in the biochar pack is 1-4.8 mm; specifically, the total nutrients include not less than 8% by weight of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, and potassium oxide; and the grain size of not less than 90% of the materials in the charcoal bag is 1-4.8 mm;
the silicon-calcium-magnesium alloy comprises: not less than 14.5 wt% active silicon; not less than 22% by weight of activated calcium; not less than 2.2 wt% active magnesium; not less than 4.5 wt% potassium oxide; no greater than 6 wt% moisture; wherein, the fineness of not less than 95 percent of materials in the silicon, calcium and magnesium is not less than 20 meshes.
The composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-7 parts of bacillus subtilis; 1-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis; 1-2 parts of EM (effective microorganisms); 0-1 part of trichoderma; wherein the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is not less than 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis is not less than 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of EM bacteria is not less than 1.8 hundred million/g; trichoderma is not less than 5 hundred million/g;
the potassium humate comprises: not less than 80 wt% organic matter; not less than 50% by weight of free humic acid; not less than 12% by weight of potassium oxide; no greater than 15 wt% moisture; wherein, the grain size of not less than 95 percent of the materials in the potassium humate is not less than 40 meshes.
The synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of brown sugar, 0.8-1 part of polyaspartic acid, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 0.2-0.33 part of sodium selenite and 0.2-0.3 part of zinc sulfate.
Wherein, the synergist: providing C, N sources required by the propagation of the microbial agent, improving the survival rate of microorganisms, supplementing trace elements, chelating metal ions and promoting the supply of soil nutrients;
for better illustration, the specification is specifically exemplified;
example A:
50 parts of charcoal;
20 parts of silicon, calcium and magnesium;
8 parts of a compound microbial agent;
10 parts of potassium humate and 5 parts of a synergist.
In the invention, the biochar (by weight percent) comprises: 60% organic matter; 10% moisture; 8% of total nutrients; wherein, the grain size of not less than 90 percent of the materials in the biochar pack is 1 mm; specifically, the total nutrients comprise 8% of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide; and the grain size of 90% of the materials in the charcoal bag is 1 mm;
the silicon-calcium-magnesium (weight percentage) comprises: 14.5% active silicon; 22% of active calcium; 2.2% active magnesium; 4.5% potassium oxide; 6% moisture; wherein, the fineness of 95 percent of materials in the silicon, calcium and magnesium is 20 meshes.
The composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bacillus subtilis; 1 part of bacillus licheniformis; 1 part of EM (effective microorganisms); 0.3 part of trichoderma; wherein the number of effective live bacillus of the bacillus subtilis is 10 hundred million/g; the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus licheniformis is 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of EM bacteria is 1.8 hundred million/g; 5 hundred million/g of trichoderma;
the potassium humate (weight percentage) comprises: 80% organic matter; 50% of free humic acid; 12% potassium oxide; 15% moisture; wherein, the fineness of 95 percent of materials in the potassium humate is 40 meshes.
The synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of brown sugar, 0.8 part of polyaspartic acid, 2 parts of medical stone, 0.2 part of sodium selenite and 0.2 part of zinc sulfate.
Example B:
55 parts of charcoal;
23 parts of silicon, calcium and magnesium;
9 parts of a compound microbial agent;
13 parts of potassium humate and 7 parts of a synergist.
In the invention, the biochar (by weight percent) comprises: 70% of organic matter; 15% moisture; 10% of total nutrients; wherein 90% of the materials in the charcoal bag have a particle size of 3 mm; specifically, the total nutrients comprise 10% of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide; and the grain size of 96% of the materials in the charcoal bag is 3 mm;
the silicon-calcium-magnesium (weight percentage) comprises: 15% active silicon; 24% of active calcium; 2.5% active magnesium; 5% potassium oxide; 7% moisture; wherein, the fineness of not less than 97 percent of the materials in the silicon, calcium and magnesium is 30 meshes.
The composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6.5 parts of bacillus subtilis; 1.5 parts of bacillus licheniformis; 1.5 parts of EM (effective microorganisms); 0.5 part of trichoderma; wherein the number of effective live bacillus of the bacillus subtilis is 11 hundred million/g; the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus licheniformis is 13 hundred million/g; the number of effective live bacteria of EM bacteria is 2 hundred million/g; 7 hundred million/g of trichoderma;
the potassium humate (weight percentage) comprises: 85% of organic matter; 55% of free humic acid; 13% potassium oxide; 17% moisture; wherein 97 percent of the humic acid potassium has the grain size of 50 meshes.
The synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5.5 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 parts of brown sugar, 0.9 part of polyaspartic acid, 2.5 parts of medical stone, 1.3 parts of sodium selenite and 0.25 part of zinc sulfate.
Example C:
60 parts of biochar;
25 parts of silicon, calcium and magnesium;
10 parts of a compound microbial agent;
15 parts of potassium humate and 8 parts of a synergist.
In the invention, the biochar (by weight percent) comprises: 80% organic matter; 20% moisture; 16% of total nutrients; wherein, the grain diameter of 99 percent of materials in the charcoal bag is 4.8 mm; specifically, the total nutrients comprise 10% of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide; and 95% of the materials in the charcoal bag have the grain size of 4.8 mm;
the silicon-calcium-magnesium (weight percentage) comprises: 18% active silicon; 25% of active calcium; 3% active magnesium; 6% potassium oxide; 8% moisture; wherein, the fineness of not less than 96 percent of materials in the silicon, calcium and magnesium is 35 meshes.
The composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of bacillus subtilis; 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis; 2 parts of EM (effective microorganisms); 1 part of trichoderma; wherein the number of effective live bacillus of the bacillus subtilis is 18 hundred million/g; the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus licheniformis is 13 hundred million/g; the number of effective live bacteria of EM bacteria is 2 hundred million/g; 6 hundred million/g of trichoderma;
the potassium humate (weight percentage) comprises: 88% organic matter; 56% of free humic acid; 16% potassium oxide; 18% moisture; wherein, the grain size of 96 percent of materials in the potassium humate is 45 meshes.
The synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of polyaspartic acid, 3 parts of medical stone, 0.33 part of sodium selenite and 0.3 part of zinc sulfate.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for tea gardens, comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a synergist: oven drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid, and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with a sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing, and stirring for 40-60 min; specifically, a synergist is prepared: drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing and stirring for 40-60 min;
s2, uniformly mixing the compound microbial agents according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring for 60-90min, and then piling up for later use in a shading mode at room temperature;
s3, uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into the biochar, uniformly spraying urea solution with the mass fraction of 3-8% in the mixing and stirring process for 20-40min to ensure that the water content of the urea solution reaches 25-30%, and then standing for 60-80 h;
and S4, silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate are uniformly added into the material prepared in the step S3, and the mixture is mixed and stirred.
For better understanding, the following are specifically exemplified:
example 1:
1. preparing a synergist: drying soybean meal and medical stone, mixing and grinding with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and polyaspartic acid, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing and stirring for 40min for later use; wherein, the soybean meal is 5, the brown sugar is 1, the polyaspartic acid is 0.6, the medical stone is 3, the sodium selenite is 0.2, and the zinc sulfate is 0.2;
2. uniformly mixing the microbial agents according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring for 60min, and then piling up for 24h in a shading mode at indoor temperature for later use; the composite microbial agent is characterized by comprising 6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) and 1 part of trichoderma, wherein the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 10 hundred million/g, the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus licheniformis is 10 hundred million/g, the number of effective live bacteria of the EM is 1.8 hundred million/g, and the number of effective live bacteria of the trichoderma is 5 hundred million/g;
3. uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into biochar, uniformly spraying a urea solution with the mass fraction of 3% in the mixing and stirring process for 20min to enable the water content of the urea solution to reach 25%, and standing for 60 h;
4. uniformly adding the silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate into the prepared materials, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the tea garden soil conditioner A.
Example 2:
1. preparing a synergist: drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing and stirring for 50 min; wherein, the soybean meal is 6, the brown sugar is 1, the polyaspartic acid is 0.5, the medical stone is 2, the sodium selenite is 0.3, and the zinc sulfate is 0.2;
2. uniformly mixing the microbial agents according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring for 70min, and then piling up for 24h in a shading mode at indoor temperature for later use; the composite microbial agent is characterized by comprising 7 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of EM (effective microorganisms) and 1 part of trichoderma, wherein the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 11 hundred million/g, the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus licheniformis is 13 hundred million/g, the number of effective live bacteria of the EM is 2 hundred million/g, and the number of effective live bacteria of the trichoderma is 7 hundred million/g.
3. Uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into biochar, uniformly spraying urea solution with mass fraction of 5% during mixing and stirring for 30min to make the water content reach 28%, and standing for 72h
4. Uniformly adding the silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate into the prepared materials, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the tea garden soil conditioner B.
Example 3:
1. the preparation method of the synergist comprises the following steps: drying soybean meal and medical stone, mixing and grinding with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and polyaspartic acid, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing and stirring for 40min for later use; wherein, the soybean meal is 5, the brown sugar is 1, the polyaspartic acid is 1, the medical stone is 2.6, the sodium selenite is 0.2, and the zinc sulfate is 0.2;
2. uniformly mixing the microbial agents according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring for 90min, and then piling up for 24h in a shading mode at indoor temperature for later use; the composite microbial agent is characterized by comprising 6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) and 0 part of trichoderma, wherein the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 20 hundred million/g, the number of effective live bacteria of the bacillus licheniformis is 15 hundred million/g, the number of effective live bacteria of the EM is 2.2 hundred million/g, and the number of effective live bacteria of the trichoderma is 10 hundred million/g.
3. Uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into biochar, uniformly spraying 5% urea solution with mass fraction during mixing and stirring for 40min to make the water content reach 30%, and standing for 72h
4. Uniformly adding the silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate into the prepared materials, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the tea garden soil conditioner V.
The soil conditioners A, B and C prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 were applied to a Lanxin tea garden in Meitan county, Zunyi, Guizhou province in comparison with conventional fertilization (organic fertilizer 1000kg + compound fertilizer 30kg) and an equivalent amount (300kg) of other soil conditioners, and soil indexes were measured 6 months after application. The test results show that compared with conventional fertilization and other soil conditioners, the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention can improve the phenomena of soil acidification and hardening, improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of soil and enhance the microbial activity of soil.
Soil physicochemical biological property after applying conditioner
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The soil conditioner special for the tea garden is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
50-60 parts of biochar;
20-25 parts of silicon, calcium and magnesium;
8-10 parts of a compound microbial agent;
10-15 parts of potassium humate and 5-8 parts of a synergist.
2. The tea garden-specific soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the biochar comprises:
not less than 60 wt% organic matter;
no greater than 10 wt% moisture;
not less than 8% by weight total nutrients;
wherein, the particle size of not less than 90 percent of the materials in the biochar pack is 1-4.8 mm.
3. The tea garden-specific soil conditioner of claim 2, wherein the total nutrients comprise not less than 8% by weight of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide.
4. The soil conditioner special for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein said silicon, calcium and magnesium comprises:
not less than 14.5 wt% active silicon;
not less than 22% by weight of activated calcium;
not less than 2.2 wt% active magnesium;
not less than 4.5 wt% potassium oxide;
no greater than 6 wt% moisture;
wherein the fineness of not less than 95 percent of materials in the silicon, calcium and magnesium is not less than 20 meshes.
5. The soil conditioner special for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
6-7 parts of bacillus subtilis;
1-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis;
1-2 parts of EM (effective microorganisms);
0-1 part of trichoderma.
6. The soil conditioner for tea gardens as claimed in claim 5, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is not less than 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis is not less than 10 hundred million/g; the effective viable count of EM bacteria is not less than 1.8 hundred million/g; trichoderma is not less than 5 hundred million/g.
7. The tea garden-specific soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the potassium humate comprises:
not less than 80 wt% organic matter;
not less than 50% by weight of free humic acid;
not less than 12% by weight of potassium oxide;
no greater than 15 wt% moisture;
wherein, the grain size of not less than 95 percent of the materials in the potassium humate is not less than 40 meshes.
8. The soil conditioner special for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synergist comprises, by weight:
5-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of brown sugar, 0.8-1 part of polyaspartic acid, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 0.2-0.33 part of sodium selenite and 0.2-0.3 part of zinc sulfate.
9. A method for preparing a tea garden-specific soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a synergist: oven drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid, and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with a sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing, and stirring for 40-60 min;
s2, uniformly mixing the compound microbial agents according to a proportion, then adding the synergist, mixing and stirring for 60-90min, and then piling up for later use in a shading mode at room temperature;
s3, uniformly adding the mixed microbial inoculum and synergist into the biochar, uniformly spraying urea solution with the mass fraction of 3-8% in the mixing and stirring process for 20-40min to ensure that the water content of the urea solution reaches 25-30%, and then standing for 60-80 h;
and S4, silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium humate are uniformly added into the material prepared in the step S3, and the mixture is mixed and stirred.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of S1 is specifically: preparing a synergist: oven drying soybean meal and Maifanitum, mixing with sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid, and polyaspartic acid, grinding, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, adding brown sugar, mixing, and stirring for 40-60 min.
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