CN111057103A - Thiophosphonate compound and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Thiophosphonate compound and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111057103A
CN111057103A CN201811201076.5A CN201811201076A CN111057103A CN 111057103 A CN111057103 A CN 111057103A CN 201811201076 A CN201811201076 A CN 201811201076A CN 111057103 A CN111057103 A CN 111057103A
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straight
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hydrogen
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CN111057103B (en
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陈晓伟
魏克成
王洋
梁宇翔
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/38Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/40Esters thereof
    • C07F9/4003Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
    • C07F9/4021Esters of aromatic acids (P-C aromatic linkage)
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    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/38Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/40Esters thereof
    • C07F9/4071Esters thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
    • C07F9/4084Esters with hydroxyaryl compounds
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/12Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/14Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond containing sulfur

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Abstract

The invention provides a thiophosphonate compound and a preparation method and application thereof. The structure of the thiophosphonate compound is shown as the general formula (I):
Figure DDA0001830000470000011
the definition of each group is shown in the specification. The thiophosphonate compound of the present invention may be used as extreme pressure antiwear agent and in lubricating oil and grease. The thiophosphonate compound of the present invention has outstanding bearing capacity and excellent antiwear and antifriction performance.

Description

Thiophosphonate compound and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a thiophosphonate compound, and in particular to a thiophosphonate compound suitable for use as an antiwear agent.
Background
The lubrication is generally divided into fluid lubrication and boundary lubrication, and in the boundary lubrication state, an extreme pressure antiwear agent is an essential additive and can be adsorbed on a metal surface or react with the metal surface to form an adsorption film or a reaction film so as to prevent the metal surface from being scratched or even melted and welded and be used for improving the lubricity and the antiwear property of an oil product. The sulfur-phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear additive mainly comprises a sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent, a chlorine-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent, a phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent, a nitrogen-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent, a metal salt extreme pressure antiwear agent, a boron-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent and the like, wherein the sulfur-phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear additive simultaneously contains sulfur and phosphorus and is widely applied due to the characteristics of high bearing capacity, good compatibility, good multiple-effect and the like.
The extreme pressure antiwear agents widely used in the field of lubricating oil at present include tricresyl phosphate (T306), ammonium thiophosphate (T307), thiophosphate (IRGALUBE 353), ammonium phosphate (IRGALUBE 349), and the like, but their antiwear and antifriction properties need to be further improved. CN 106317109A discloses a thiophosphate extreme pressure antiwear agent, which is used as a hydraulic oil or lubricating oil additive and shows better antirust performance, better antiwear performance, thermal stability, filterability and hydrolytic stability, but the antiwear and antifriction performance of the thiophosphate extreme pressure antiwear agent is not superior to that of the prior art. CN 101724492B discloses a zinc thiophosphate type extreme pressure antiwear agent, which has better bearing capacity, anti-oxidation stability and antiwear property compared with T405, but the compared T405 additive belongs to an oiliness agent and does not have the bearing capacity and antiwear property of the extreme pressure antiwear agent, so that the real antiwear and antifriction properties and the bearing capacity of the extreme pressure antiwear agent cannot be measured.
The cardanol is a main component of cashew nut shell oil, is a natural phenolic compound, is an important agricultural and sideline product for cashew nut production, and is wide in source and huge in storage amount. The friction modifier with the advantages of rich sources and low cost is used as a raw material to synthesize the friction modifier with better performance than the existing product, and meets the definition of green chemistry and the strategic requirements of national sustainable development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thiophosphonate compound and a preparation method and application thereof.
The structure of the thiophosphonate compound is shown as the general formula (I):
Figure BDA0001830000450000021
in the general formula (I), the radical R0Selected from H, C6~C20Aryl radical, C1-300Straight or branched alkyl (preferably phenyl, C)1~C14Alkylphenyl radicals); each radical R1、R2、R3、R4、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from H, C1~C20A linear or branched alkyl group and a group of the formula (II), each group R1、R2、R3、R4、R5At least one group of (a) is a group represented by the formula (II);
Figure BDA0001830000450000022
wherein the radical R1' is selected from a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R in m repeating units2' same or different from each other, each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R3' selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C)1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units4' same or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units5' same or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 0 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
According to the invention, preferably, in the general formula (I), the radicals R1、R5Each independently selected from H, C1~C4A linear or branched alkyl group; each radical R2、R4Each independently selected from C1~C20Straight-chain or branched alkyl and a radical of the formula (II), R3Each independently selected from H and C1~C20Straight or branched chain alkyl.
According to the invention, preferably, in the general formula (I), the radicals R1、R5Each independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl; each radical R2At least one group of (A) is a group of formula (II), each group R4At least one group in (A) is a group of formula (II), R3Each independently selected from H and C1~C20Straight or branched chain alkyl.
According to the invention, preferably, in the general formula (I), the radicals R1、R5Each independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl; radicals R bound to the same benzene ring2、R4One group is a group represented by formula (II), and the other is H; r3Each independently selected from H and C1~C20Straight or branched chain alkyl.
The thiophosphonate compounds of the present invention may be selected from the following specific compounds or mixtures thereof in any proportion:
Figure BDA0001830000450000031
the process for producing a thiophosphonate compound of the present invention comprises a step of reacting a phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with a thiophosphoryl acylating agent and optionally a step of hydrotreating;
Figure BDA0001830000450000041
in the general formula (X), each group R1”、R2”、R3”、R4”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-300Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical (preferably C)1-30A linear or branched alkyl group or a polyolefin group having a number average molecular weight Mn of 300-3000), a group represented by the general formula (Y), wherein at least one group is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y);
Figure BDA0001830000450000042
wherein the radical R1"' is selected from a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R in m repeating units2"'s, which may be the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R3"' is selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C)1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units4"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units5"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 0 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
According to the preparation process of the present invention, in the general formula (X), preferably, the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20A linear or branched alkyl group and a group represented by the general formula (Y), wherein at least one group is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y).
According to the preparation process of the present invention, in the general formula (X), further preferably, the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4One group in "is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y), and the other group is selected from hydrogen.
According to the preparation process of the present invention, in the general formula (X), more preferably, the group R1Is selected from C1-4Straight or branched alkyl, R5"is selected from hydrogen; radical R3"is selected from hydrogen and C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2"is selected from hydrogen, R4"is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y).
According to the preparation method of the invention, preferably, the structure of the sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent is shown as the formula (Z):
Figure BDA0001830000450000051
wherein R is0Selected from H, C6~C20Aryl radical, C1-300Straight or branched alkyl (preferably phenyl, C)1~C14Alkyl phenyl, C1-30Straight or branched chain alkyl); the group A is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, OH (preferably Cl, Br). Specifically, the thiophosphoryl chloride, thiophosphonyl dichloride and C can be selected as the thiophosphoryl acylating agent1-300One or more of a straight-chain or branched alkyl thiophosphonyl dichloride and a phenyl thiophosphonyl dichloride (preferably a phenyl thiophosphonyl dichloride).
According to the production process of the present invention, it is preferable that the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) is reacted with a thiophosphoryl acylating agent under the conditions: the molar ratio of the sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent to the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) is 1: 1 to 10 (preferably 1: 1 to 5); the reaction temperature is 50-150 ℃ (preferably 60-100 ℃); in general, the conversion is higher as the reaction time is longer, and the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 10 hours (preferably 3 to 5 hours). In the reaction, a catalyst may or may not be added, and preferably a catalyst is added.The catalyst is preferably C1~10The organic amine and inorganic ammonium of (b) may be selected from, for example, one or more of methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, propylamine, dipropylamine, tripropylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine and ammonia. The amount of the catalyst added is preferably 0.1 to 60%, more preferably 10 to 40% by mass of the phenol compound. In the reaction, a solvent may or may not be added, and preferably a solvent is added. The solvent is preferably one or more of toluene, xylene, petroleum ether and cyclohexane, and for example, toluene and/or xylene may be used. The amount of the solvent to be used is 50 to 500% (preferably 100 to 300%) by mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X). The catalyst and the solvent may be removed by one or more methods including acid washing, water washing, distillation, filtration, drying and recrystallization, and are not particularly limited.
According to the preparation method of the present invention, after the reaction is completed, the reaction product may be subjected to a purification treatment, and the purification treatment may include one or more of water washing, distillation, filtration, drying and recrystallization methods, and is not particularly limited.
According to the production process of the present invention, the optional hydrotreating step may be carried out by hydrotreating the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) and then reacting it with a sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent, or may be carried out by reacting the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with a sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent and then hydrotreating the reaction product thereof. The hydrotreating step can increase the saturation of the reaction products.
According to the preparation method of the invention, the process conditions of the hydrotreatment are preferably as follows: hydrogen pressure is 1.0-6.0 MPa (preferably 3.0-4.0 MPa), temperature is 60-260 deg.C (preferably 180-220 deg.C), and time is 0.5-10 h (preferably 3-5 h). Preferably, a hydrogenation catalyst is added during the hydrotreating process. The hydrogenation catalyst may be any hydrogenation catalyst known in the art, and is not particularly limited. The hydrogenation catalyst is preferably a transition metal or a transition metal catalyst supported on a carrier, and for example, a palladium carbon catalyst or Raney nickel can be selected. The amount of the hydrogenation catalyst to be added is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X).
The phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) of the present invention is preferably derived from a natural plant cashew nut, contains a large amount of cashew nut shell oil in the cashew nut shell, contains meta-phenol as a main component, is generally called cardanol, and has the following structure:
Figure BDA0001830000450000061
wherein R is C15H(31+x)And x is 0, -2, -4 or-6.
The thiophosphonate compound of the present invention may be used as extreme pressure antiwear agent and in lubricating oil and grease.
The preparation method of the thiophosphonate compound is simple, convenient to operate, green and easily available in raw materials, high in product yield and high in purity.
The thiophosphonate compound of the present invention has outstanding bearing capacity and excellent antiwear and antifriction performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an IR spectrum of the product of example 3.
Detailed Description
The raw materials used were as follows:
cashew nut shell oil, Shanghai Bingsheng chemical science and technology Limited, Industrial products;
palladium carbon catalyst (palladium metal supported on activated carbon), new materials of Shaanxi ruike ltd, palladium content is 5%;
sodium bicarbonate, national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents ltd, analytically pure;
phenyl thiophosphonyl dichloride, national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents ltd, analytically pure;
triethylamine, chemical reagent of national drug group, ltd, analytically pure;
toluene, national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents ltd, analytically pure;
petroleum ether, national drug group chemical reagent limited, analytically pure;
extreme pressure antiwear agent T306, Prof, Inc., institute of petrochemical institute, Industrial products;
extreme pressure antiwear agent T307, institute of petrochemical institute, Xinpu corporation, Industrial products;
an extreme pressure antiwear agent IRGALUBE 353, Yafudun, Inc., an industrial product;
IRGALUBE 349, Yafuton corporation, Industrial products, extreme pressure antiwear agents.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of m-pentadecylphenol
100g of cardanol and 1.5g of palladium-carbon catalyst are put into a 200ml high-pressure reaction kettle, the high-pressure kettle is sealed, hydrogen is introduced to 3.5MPa, stirring and heating are started, and the reaction is carried out for 4.5 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃, the viscous reaction mixture is taken out, the pressure is reduced and the distillation is carried out for 1h under the conditions of 100Pa and 160 ℃, and the milky white solid is obtained after the cooling. Dissolving the metapentadecylphenol with petroleum ether, and then crystallizing and purifying to obtain the metapentadecylphenol with the purity of more than 98%, wherein the reaction conversion rate is 83.6%.
Example 2 preparation of Dicanacardol Phenylthiophosphonate
Adding 20g of cardanol, 4g of triethylamine and 20g of toluene into a reaction bottle, starting heating and stirring, adding 7.5g of phenyl thiophosphonyl dichloride, and reacting for 5 hours while maintaining the reaction temperature at 70 ℃. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain a brownish red transparent liquid. Washing the reaction product with distilled water to neutrality, distilling the organic phase at 100Pa and 150 deg.c under reduced pressure for 1 hr to eliminate water and solvent to obtain brown yellow transparent liquid with reaction conversion rate of 96.6%.
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of bis (3-pentadecylphenyl) phenol phenylphosphinate
20g of m-pentadecylphenol prepared in example 1, 8g of triethylamine and 50g of toluene were charged into a reaction flask, heated and stirred, 5g of phenylthiophosphonodichloride was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 90 ℃ for 4 hours. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain a brownish red transparent liquid. Washing the reaction product with distilled water to neutrality, distilling the organic phase at 100Pa and 150 deg.c under reduced pressure for 1 hr to eliminate water and solvent to obtain brown yellow transparent liquid with reaction conversion rate of 95.8%.
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of bis (3-pentadecylphenyl) phenol phenylphosphinate
20g of m-pentadecylphenol prepared in example 1, 8g of triethylamine and 60g of toluene were charged into a reaction flask, heated and stirred, 3.5g of phenylthiophosphonyl dichloride was added, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 80 ℃ for 5 hours. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain a brownish red transparent liquid. Washing the reaction product with distilled water to neutrality, distilling the organic phase at 100Pa and 150 deg.c under reduced pressure for 1 hr to eliminate water and solvent to obtain brown yellow transparent liquid with reaction conversion rate of 97.8%.
Comparative example 1
Under the protection of nitrogen, 70.8g of di (2-ethylhexyl) dithiophosphoric acid and 7.08g of p-toluenesulfonic acid are poured into a flask, the flask is placed in a constant-temperature water bath (the temperature is controlled at 100 ℃), stirring is started, 31.2g of itaconic acid methyl ester in total is dropwise added within 1.5h, the mixture is continuously stirred and reacts for 8h under the protection of nitrogen, after the reaction is finished, 10% sodium bicarbonate solution and petroleum ether are used for extraction, the oil phase is dried, filtered, and finally, the diisooctyl dithiophosphoric acid-2-methyl succinic acid dimethyl ester is obtained through reduced pressure distillation.
Example 5
The products of examples 2, 3 and 4, T306, T307, IRGALUBE 353, IRGALUBE 349 and the product of comparative example 1 were dissolved in mineral oil 150SN to prepare compositions with a mass fraction of 0.5%. The solution of the compositions is subjected to an abrasion resistance test, a test instrument is an SRV vibration friction tester, and the test conditions are as follows: 100N, 200N, 300N, frequency 50Hz, amplitude 1mm, 30 ℃ and 1 h. The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001830000450000081
As can be seen from Table 1, the thiophosphonates of the present invention have outstanding antiwear, antifriction, extreme pressure properties.
Example 6
The product prepared in example 3 was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, the spectra are shown in fig. 1, and the analysis results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 infrared analysis results of the product of example 3
Figure BDA0001830000450000091

Claims (16)

1. A thiophosphonate compound has a structure shown as a general formula (I):
Figure FDA0001830000440000011
in the general formula (I), the radical R0Selected from H, C6~C20Aryl radical, C1-300Straight or branched alkyl (preferably phenyl, C)1~C14Alkylphenyl radicals); each radical R1、R2、R3、R4、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from H, C1~C20A linear or branched alkyl group and a group of the formula (II), each group R1、R2、R3、R4、R5At least one group of (a) is a group represented by the formula (II);
Figure FDA0001830000440000012
wherein the radical R1' is selected from a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R in m repeating units2' same or different from each other, each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R3' selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C)1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units4' same or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m repeating unitsGroup R in (1)5' same or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 0 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
2. Thiophosphonate compounds according to claim 1, characterised in that in the general formula (I) the radicals R1、R5Each independently selected from H, C1~C4A linear or branched alkyl group; each radical R2、R4Each independently selected from C1~C20Straight-chain or branched alkyl and a radical of the formula (II), R3Each independently selected from H and C1~C20Straight or branched chain alkyl.
3. Thiophosphonate compounds according to claim 1, characterised in that in the general formula (I) the radicals R1、R5Each independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl; each radical R2At least one group of (A) is a group of formula (II), each group R4At least one group in (A) is a group of formula (II), R3Each independently selected from H and C1~C20Straight or branched chain alkyl.
4. Thiophosphonate compounds according to claim 1, characterised in that in the general formula (I) the radicals R1、R5Each independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl; radicals R bound to the same benzene ring2、R4One group is a group represented by formula (II), and the other is H; r3Each independently selected from H and C1~C20Straight or branched chain alkyl.
5. The thiophosphonate ester compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thiophosphonate ester compound may be selected from the following specific compounds or mixtures thereof in any proportion:
Figure FDA0001830000440000021
6. a process for producing a thiophosphonate compound, which comprises a step of reacting a phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with a thiophosphoryl acylating agent and optionally a step of hydrotreating;
Figure FDA0001830000440000031
in the general formula (X), each group R1”、R2”、R3”、R4”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-300Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical (preferably C)1-30A linear or branched alkyl group or a polyolefin group having a number average molecular weight Mn of 300-3000), a group represented by the general formula (Y), wherein at least one group is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y);
Figure FDA0001830000440000032
wherein the radical R1"' is selected from a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R in m repeating units2"'s, which may be the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R3"' is selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C)1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units4"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkanesRadical); radical R in m repeating units5"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 0 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein in the formula (X), the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20A linear or branched alkyl group and a group represented by the general formula (Y), wherein at least one group is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y).
8. The process according to claim 6, wherein in the formula (X), the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4One group in "is selected from the group represented by the general formula (Y), and the other group is selected from hydrogen.
9. The process of claim 6, wherein the thiophosphoryl acylating agent has the formula (Z):
Figure FDA0001830000440000041
wherein R is0Selected from H, C6~C20Aryl radical, C1-300Straight or branched alkyl (preferably phenyl, C)1~C14An alkyl phenyl group; the group A is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, OH (preferably Cl, Br).
10. The method of claim 6, whereinThe said thiophosphoryl acylating agent is selected from thiophosphoryl chloride, thiophosphonyl dichloride and C1-300One or more of a straight-chain or branched alkyl thiophosphonyl dichloride and a phenyl thiophosphonyl dichloride (preferably a phenyl thiophosphonyl dichloride).
11. The process according to claim 6, wherein the reaction of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with the thiophosphoryl acylating agent is carried out under the conditions: the molar ratio of the sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent to the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) is 1: 1 to 10 (preferably 1: 1 to 5); the reaction temperature is 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ (preferably 60 ℃ to 100 ℃).
12. The process according to claim 6, wherein a catalyst is added to the reaction, the catalyst being selected from the group consisting of C1~10And inorganic ammonium (for example, one or more of methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, propylamine, dipropylamine, tripropylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine, and ammonia may be used).
13. The process according to claim 6, wherein the optional hydrotreating step comprises either hydrotreating the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) and then reacting it with the sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent, or reacting the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with the sulfur-phosphorus acylating agent and then hydrotreating the reaction product.
14. The process according to claim 6, wherein the hydrotreating process conditions are preferably: hydrogen pressure is 1.0-6.0 MPa (preferably 3.0-4.0 MPa), temperature is 60-260 deg.C (preferably 180-220 deg.C), and time is 0.5-10 h (preferably 3-5 h).
15. The process according to claim 6, wherein the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) is derived from a natural plant cashew nut.
16. The thiophosphonate compound of any one of claims 1 to 5 and the thiophosphonate compound prepared by the process of any one of claims 6 to 15 are useful as extreme pressure antiwear agents (extreme pressure antiwear agents for lubricating oils or greases).
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2385713A (en) * 1944-02-03 1945-09-25 Monsanto Chemicals Amidophosphates
US2769743A (en) * 1952-04-18 1956-11-06 Union Oil Co Pest control utilizing pesticidal compositions of phosphorus
US3239464A (en) * 1961-09-05 1966-03-08 Sinclair Research Inc Extreme pressure lubricant
GB1070314A (en) * 1964-01-31 1967-06-01 Shell Int Research Improvements in or relating to lubricant compositions
US3558747A (en) * 1967-01-30 1971-01-26 Ethyl Corp Dihydrocarbylhydroxyphenyl phosphorus-containing antioxidants
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US4144247A (en) * 1973-10-04 1979-03-13 Edwin Cooper And Company Limited Lubricating oil additives
JPH0827170A (en) * 1994-07-13 1996-01-30 Ikari Yakuhin Kk Organophosphorus agent and herbicide, germicide and insecticide containing the same agent as active component
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