CN111056833B - 一种氮化物结合的尖晶石滑板及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种氮化物结合的尖晶石滑板及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种氮化物结合尖晶石滑板及其制备工艺。以镁铝尖晶石为主要材料,加入金属硅粉或金属铝粉的一种或两种,在氮化气氛中高温烧成,金属硅粉和金属铝粉经氮化生成氮化硅和氮化铝,氮化硅和氮化铝和原料中的氧化铝、氧化镁或镁铝尖晶石反应原位反应,最后形成氮化硅、氮化铝、塞隆、阿隆、镁阿隆等氮化物中的一种或多种氮化物结合尖晶石质滑板。本发明突出优点是产品的力学强度高、高温抗折强度高、抗侵蚀性能好、抗热震性好,适用于各种钢种的冶炼和浇铸过程,且不对钢水有增碳污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机非金属材料学科高温陶瓷和耐火材料领域,具体涉及一种氮化物结合尖晶石滑板及其制备工艺。
背景技术
在镁铝尖晶石构造中,Al-O、Mg-O之间都是较强的离子键,且静电键强度相等,结构牢固。因此,镁铝尖晶石晶体的饱和结构具有良好的耐化学侵蚀性和耐磨性,能够在氧化或还原气氛中保持较好的稳定性。镁铝尖晶石具有良好的耐高温、抗渣侵蚀、抗剥落性能,广泛用于耐火材料、钢铁冶炼,水泥回转窑及玻璃工业窑炉。碳结合的铝碳质及铝锆碳质滑板两种滑板抗Ca侵蚀能力差,难以适应特种钢连铸的要求,尖晶石质材料比氧化铝质适用性更广,碳结合的镁铝尖晶石滑板能适应钙处理钢、高氧钢、优质钢、沸腾钢、镇静钢、半镇静钢等特种钢连铸的要求。虽然能够满足生产的各项安全指标,但无法避免在连铸过程中对钢水增碳,影响洁净钢的质量。然而,碳结合材质无法避免在连铸过程中对钢水增碳,影响洁净钢的质量,本发明为了克服上述技术难题,开发出一种非碳结合的碱性滑板,以满足洁净钢的特种钢种需求。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种氮化物结合尖晶石滑板,原料配方以重量百分比计为:
(1)粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石,25~33%;
(2)粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,20~30%;
(3)粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,22~33%;
(4)粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石,13~18%;
(5)粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石A90,7~11%;
(6)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉,7~15%;
(7)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉,0~1%
(8)粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉,2~3%
(9)粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼,0.5%;
(10)粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼,0.5%;
(11)糊精粉,2~3%;
(12)外加纸浆废液,+3~4%;
(13)氮气;
所述的原料(12)纸浆废液另外加入,不计入原料总质量百分比内;
原料(13)氮气气体用在烧成时的气氛炉内,不计入原料总重量百分比内,反应炉内保持0.2~0.4MPa的氮气气体压力。
上述氮化物结合尖晶石滑板的制备工艺,主要包括如下制备步骤:
(1)按比例称量粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石A90、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉、粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼、粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼、糊精粉,进行强力预混,预混时间在15~20min,获得预混细粉料;
(2)按比例称量粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,进行干混2~3min;然后加入纸浆废液,混合2~3min;再加入粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,混料2~3min,最后加入预混细粉料,强力混碾15~30min;
(3)密闭困料24~36h;
(4)压制成型;
(5)自然干燥24~48h后,再在120~140℃干燥24~48h;
(6)装入气氛炉内烧成,通0.2~0.4MPa压力的氮气气体,在1550~1650℃保温5~8h;
(7)烧成后自然冷却后磨削,打箍。
由于氮化硅、氮化铝、塞隆、阿隆、镁阿隆等氮化物具有很高的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,且对金属液体的润湿性差,在耐火材料中添加这些氮化物能大大增加材料的抗渣侵蚀性能。本发明就是在镁铝尖晶石为主要的原材料中,掺入金属硅粉或金属铝粉的一种或两种,在氮化气氛中高温烧成,金属硅粉和金属铝粉经氮化生成氮化硅和氮化铝,氮化硅和氮化铝和原料中的氧化铝、氧化镁或镁铝尖晶石反应原位反应,获得氮化硅、氮化铝、塞隆、阿隆、镁阿隆等氮化物中的一种或多种氮化物结合尖晶石滑板。该种产品性能突出优点是滑板砖的力学强度高、高温抗折强度高、抗侵蚀性能好、抗热震性好,适用于各种钢种的冶炼和浇铸过程,且不对钢水有增碳的污染。
实施例1
原料规格和配方(重量百分含量)如下:
(1)粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石,25%;
(2)粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,27%;
(3)粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,22%;
(4)粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石,2%;
(5)粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石(A90),9%;
(6)粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉,3%
(7)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉,7%;
(8)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉,1%
(9)粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼,0.5%;
(10)粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼,0.5%;
(11)高岭土,3%;
(12)外加纸浆废液,+3%;
(13)氮气。
原料(12)纸浆废液另外加入,不计入原料总质量百分比内。原料(13)氮气气体用在烧成时的气氛炉内,不计入原料总重量百分比内,反应炉内保持0.2MPa的氮气气体压力。
本发明的具体工艺过程包括以下几部分:
(1)按比例称量粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石(A90)、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉、粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼、粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼、高岭土,进行强力预混,预混时间在15min。获得预混细粉料。
(2)按比例称量粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,进行干混2min。然后加入加入纸浆废液,混合2min。再加入粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,混料2min。最后加入预混细粉料,强力混碾15min。
(3)密闭困料24h。
(4)压制成型。
(5)自然干燥24h后,再在120℃干燥24h。
(6)装入气氛炉内烧成,通0.2MPa压力的氮气气体,在1650℃保温3h。
(7)烧成后自然冷却后磨削,打箍。
表1列出了本实施例的原料规格和配方及其性能。性能测试结果表明氮化物结合尖晶石滑板在低温时耐压强度较高,达196MPa;在1400℃高温耐压强度较高变化很小,仍然163MPa。其抗折强度在常温时38MPa,在1100℃高温抗折强度35 MPa,说明发明的氮化物结合尖晶石滑板的强度对温度的敏感性很低。其抗热震性能也较好,1100℃×0.5h时抗热震次数达8次。应用于某山钢厂浇铸温度1620~1650℃,钙处理钢水,连滑5次。
实施例2
原料规格和配方(重量百分含量)如下:
(1)粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石,28%;
(2)粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,18%;
(3)粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,19%;
(4)粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石,5%;
(5)粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石(A90),13%;
(6)粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉,3%
(7)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉,9%;
(8)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉,1%
(9)粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼,0.5%;
(10)粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼,0.5%;
(11)高岭土,3%;
(12)外加纸浆废液,+3%;
(13)氮气。
原料(12)纸浆废液另外加入,不计入原料总质量百分比内。原料(13)氮气气体用在烧成时的气氛炉内,不计入原料总重量百分比内,反应炉内保持0.3MPa的氮气气体压力。
本发明的具体工艺过程包括以下几部分:
(1)按比例称量粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石(A90)、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉、粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼、粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼、高岭土,进行强力预混,预混时间在15min。获得预混细粉料。
(2)按比例称量粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,进行干混2min。然后加入加入纸浆废液,混合3min。再加入粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,混料3min。最后加入预混细粉料,强力混碾20min。
(3)密闭困料24h。
(4)压制成型。
(5)自然干燥24h后,再在120℃干燥24h。
(6)装入气氛炉内烧成,通0.3MPa压力的氮气气体,在1600℃保温6h。
(7)烧成后自然冷却后磨削,打箍。
表1列出了本实施例的原料规格和配方及其性能。性能测试结果表明氮化物结合尖晶石滑板在低温时耐压强度较高,达198MPa;在1400℃高温耐压强度较高变化很小,仍然166MPa。其抗折强度在常温时39MPa,在1100℃高温抗折强度35 MPa,说明发明的氮化物结合尖晶石滑板的强度对温度的敏感性很低。其抗热震性能也较好,1100℃×0.5h时抗热震次数达8次。应用于某武钢厂300吨氧气顶吹钢包,浇铸硅钢品种钢,连滑5次。
实施例3
原料规格和配方(重量百分含量)如下:
(1)粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石,33%;
(2)粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,9%;
(3)粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,15%;
(4)粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石,8%;
(5)粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石(A90),18%;
(6)粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉,2%
(7)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉,11%;
(8)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉,0%
(9)粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼,0.5%;
(10)粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼,0.5%;
(11)高岭土,3%;
(12)外加纸浆废液,+4%;
(13)氮气。
原料(12)纸浆废液另外加入,不计入原料总质量百分比内。原料(13)氮气气体用在烧成时的气氛炉内,不计入原料总重量百分比内,反应炉内保持0.4MPa的氮气气体压力。
本发明的具体工艺过程包括以下几部分:
(1)按比例称量粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石(A90)、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉、粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼、粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼、高岭土,进行强力预混,预混时间在20min。获得预混细粉料。
(2)按比例称量粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,进行干混3min。然后加入加入纸浆废液,混合3min。再加入粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,混料3min。最后加入预混细粉料,强力混碾20min。
(3)密闭困料36h。
(4)压制成型。
(5)自然干燥48h后,再在140℃干燥24h。
(6)装入气氛炉内烧成,通0.4MPa压力的氮气气体,在1550℃保温10h。
(7)烧成后自然冷却后磨削,打箍。
表1列出了本实施例的原料规格和配方及其性能。性能测试结果表明氮化物结合尖晶石滑板在低温时耐压强度较高,达218MPa;在1400℃高温耐压强度较高变化很小,仍然179MPa。其抗折强度在常温时49MPa,在1100℃高温抗折强度43MPa,说明发明的氮化物结合尖晶石滑板的强度对温度的敏感性很低。其抗热震性能也较好,1100℃×0.5h时抗热震次数达10次。应用于某港钢厂浇铸温度1550~1650℃,经钙处理钢水,连滑6次。
表1氮化物结合尖晶石滑板的实施实例的原料规格、配方及其性能对照表
Claims (2)
1.一种氮化物结合尖晶石滑板,原料配方以重量百分比计为:
(1)粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石,25~33%;
(2)粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,20~30%;
(3)粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,22~33%;
(4)粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石,13~18%;
(5)粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石A90,7~11%;
(6)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉,7~15%;
(7)粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉,0~1%
(8)粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉,2~3%
(9)粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼,0.5%;
(10)粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼,0.5%;
(11)糊精粉,2~3%;
(12)外加纸浆废液,3~4%;
(13)氮气;
所述的原料(12)纸浆废液另外加入,不计入原料总质量百分比内;
原料(13)氮气气体用在烧成时的气氛炉内,不计入原料总重量百分比内,反应炉内保持0.2~0.4MPa的氮气气体压力。
2.一种权利要求1所述的氮化物结合尖晶石滑板的制备工艺,主要包括如下制备步骤:
(1)按比例称量粒度≤0.088mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度0.002~0.005mm的富铝尖晶石A90、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属硅粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的金属铝粉、粒度0.002~0.005mm的α-Al2O3粉、粒度≤0.045mm碳化硼、粒度≤0.045mm氮化硼、糊精粉,进行强力预混,预混时间在15~20min,获得预混细粉料;
(2)按比例称量粒度4~2mm的镁铝尖晶石、粒度2~1mm的镁铝尖晶石,进行干混2~3min;然后加入纸浆废液,混合2~3min;再加入粒度1~0mm的镁铝尖晶石,混料2~3min,最后加入预混细粉料,强力混碾15~30min;
(3)密闭困料24~36h;
(4)压制成型;
(5)自然干燥24~48h后,再在120~140℃干燥24~48h;
(6)装入气氛炉内烧成,通0.2~0.4MPa压力的氮气气体,在1550~1650℃保温5~8h;
(7)烧成后自然冷却后磨削,打箍。
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