CN111055467A - Sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system - Google Patents
Sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111055467A CN111055467A CN201911421144.3A CN201911421144A CN111055467A CN 111055467 A CN111055467 A CN 111055467A CN 201911421144 A CN201911421144 A CN 201911421144A CN 111055467 A CN111055467 A CN 111055467A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/832—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/834—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
- B29C48/865—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
- B29C48/87—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92514—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
Abstract
A sheet extruder with a melt pressure temperature control system comprises a rack, a charging barrel, a screw driving motor, a screen changing device, a constant delivery pump, an extrusion die head and the melt pressure temperature control system, wherein a plurality of heating temperature areas are arranged on the charging barrel, the screen changing device, the constant delivery pump and the extrusion die head; the melt pressure and temperature control system comprises a control device, a pressure sensor in front of a pump, a driving control module, a speed regulating mechanism, a temperature acquisition module and a temperature control actuating mechanism, wherein the pressure sensor in front of the pump and the temperature acquisition module are respectively and electrically connected with corresponding input ends of the control device, the speed regulating mechanism is electrically connected with corresponding input and output ends of the control device, the input end of the driving control module is electrically connected with corresponding output ends of the control device, and the temperature control actuating mechanism is electrically connected with corresponding output ends of the driving control module. The invention can automatically adjust and control the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone and the pressure of the plastic melt, so that the plastic melt is always kept in a better range, and the production quality of the sheet is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to extrusion molding equipment, in particular to a sheet extruder with a melt pressure and temperature control system.
Background
The sheet extruder generally includes a material cylinder and a screw driving motor, a screw is arranged in the material cylinder, the screw is in transmission connection with the screw driving motor, a feed opening is arranged at the front end of the material cylinder, and an extrusion die head is connected to the rear end of the material cylinder. A screen changer is usually provided between the rear end of the barrel and the extrusion die for filtering the plastic melt. A constant delivery pump is generally arranged between the rear end of the charging barrel and the extrusion die head (in the case of an extruder provided with a screen changing device, the constant delivery pump is arranged between the screen changing device and the extrusion die head), and the main function of the constant delivery pump is to pressurize and stabilize the plastic melt from the charging barrel and then stably feed the plastic melt into the extrusion die head. After being added into the charging barrel from the charging opening, the plastic raw materials are conveyed backwards under the action of the screw, are mixed and plasticized, and the formed plastic melt is extruded from an extrusion die head and is made into sheets by a calendaring device.
In order to smoothly perform the processes of kneading, plasticizing, extruding, and the like and to ensure the product quality, it is necessary to maintain the appropriate temperatures of the respective parts of the barrel, the screen changer, the metering pump, the extrusion die head, and the like, and the sheet extruder is generally divided into a plurality of heating temperature zones on the barrel, the screen changer, the metering pump, and the extrusion die head, and the respective heating temperature zones are individually temperature-controlled. However, in the actual production process, after the plastic raw material is melted into the plastic melt, the pressure of the plastic melt is difficult to control, and if the pressure is changed, the quality of the extruded sheet is adversely affected; under the conventional control operation, in order to manufacture a plastic sheet with better quality, a startup master is generally required to have rich working experience and know material properties, and various working parameters (such as heating temperature values of various heating temperature zones, the rotating speed of a screw driving motor, the rotating speed of a quantitative pump motor and the like) of the sheet extruder can be manually adjusted and controlled in real time in the production process, so that the pressure of the plastic melt at a certain position of the sheet extruder and the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone are kept in a proper range, the plastic melt of the quantitative pump is ensured to be quantitatively and stably output, and various parts of a charging barrel, a screen changing device, a quantitative pump, an extrusion die head and the like are kept at proper temperatures, which not only has higher requirements on the level of the startup master, but also needs the startup master to pay attention to the working state of the sheet extruder at any time and adjust in time, it is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a sheet extruder with a melt pressure and temperature control system, wherein the melt pressure and temperature control system in the sheet extruder can realize automatic regulation and control of plastic melt pressure and heating temperature of each heating temperature zone, so that the plastic melt pressure and the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone are always kept in a better range, and therefore, the production stability and reliability of the sheet extruder are improved, and the production quality of sheets is improved. The technical scheme is as follows:
a sheet extruder with a melt pressure and temperature control system comprises a rack, a charging barrel, a screw driving motor, a net changing device, a constant delivery pump and an extrusion die head, wherein the charging barrel, the screw driving motor, the net changing device, the constant delivery pump and the extrusion die head are all arranged on the rack, and the screw is rotatably arranged in the charging barrel and is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the screw driving motor; feed cylinder, trade net device, constant delivery pump and extrusion die head communicate in proper order from the front to the back, are equipped with a plurality of heating warm areas, its characterized in that on feed cylinder, trade net device, constant delivery pump and the extrusion die head: the sheet extruder also comprises a melt pressure and temperature control system, the melt pressure and temperature control system comprises a control device, a pressure sensor in front of the pump, a driving control module and a speed regulating mechanism for regulating the rotating speed of the screw driving motor, the temperature acquisition module is used for gathering each the heating temperature value of heating warm area, be used for each the heating temperature of heating warm area carries out the temperature control actuating mechanism of regulation control, and pressure sensor locates before the pump trade the net device with between the constant delivery pump, pressure sensor, temperature acquisition module are connected with the corresponding input electricity of controlling means respectively before the pump, and speed adjusting mechanism is connected with the corresponding input/output electricity of controlling means, and drive control module's input is connected with the corresponding output electricity of controlling means, and temperature control actuating mechanism is connected with the corresponding output electricity of drive control module.
During operation, pressure sensor gathers the melt pressure value before the pump that is in the plastic melt between constant delivery pump and the device of trading the net and uploads to controlling means, controlling means carries out the comparison with the melt pressure range value of settlement before the pump melt pressure value gathered, give speed adjusting mechanism according to comparative result output control signal again, speed adjusting mechanism carries out regulation and control according to control signal to screw rod driving motor's rotational speed size to this changes the pay-off speed of screw rod, make melt pressure value before the pump reach in the melt pressure range value of predetermineeing, promptly: when the collected melt pressure value before the pump is larger than the preset melt pressure range value, the control device outputs a deceleration control signal to the speed regulating mechanism, and the speed regulating mechanism regulates the rotating speed of the screw driving motor to reduce the feeding speed of the screw so as to reduce the melt pressure value before the pump to be within the preset melt pressure range value; when the collected melt pressure value before the pump is smaller than the preset melt pressure range value, the control device outputs an acceleration control signal to the speed regulating mechanism, and the speed regulating mechanism regulates the rotating speed of the screw driving motor to increase the feeding speed of the screw so as to enable the melt pressure value before the pump to rise to the preset melt pressure range value. Then the adjusting mechanism feeds back the rotation speed of the adjusted screw driving motor to the control device, the temperature acquisition module acquires the heating temperature value of each heating temperature area and feeds back the heating temperature value to the control device, the control device calculates and analyzes to obtain the optimal heating temperature value of each heating temperature area, the control device controls the temperature control execution mechanism to heat or radiate each heating temperature area through the driving control module, and the heating temperature of each heating temperature area reaches the optimal heating temperature value, namely: when the rotating speed of the screw driving motor is reduced after adjustment, the temperature control executing mechanism carries out heat dissipation on each heating temperature area, so that the heating temperature of each heating temperature area is reduced to a better heating temperature value; when the rotating speed of the screw driving motor is increased after adjustment, the temperature control executing mechanism heats each heating temperature area, so that the heating temperature of each heating temperature area is increased to a better heating temperature value, and therefore, the parts of the charging barrel, the screen changing device, the quantitative pump and the extrusion die head are kept at proper temperatures. The melt pressure and temperature control system in the sheet extruder can realize automatic regulation and control of the plastic melt pressure and the heating temperature of each heating temperature area, so that the plastic melt pressure and the heating temperature of each heating temperature area are always kept in a better range, the plastic melt of the quantitative pump is ensured to be quantitatively and stably output, and the parts of the charging barrel, the screen changing device, the quantitative pump, the extrusion die head and the like are kept at proper temperatures, so that the production stability and reliability of the sheet extruder are improved, and the production quality of sheets is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the melt pressure and temperature control system further comprises a pre-network pressure sensor, the pre-network pressure sensor is arranged on the front side of the net changing device, and the pre-network pressure sensor is electrically connected with the corresponding input end of the control device. The net front pressure sensor is used for detecting the net front melt pressure value of the plastic melt at the front side of the net changing device and feeding the value back to the control device for processing; when controlling means detected that the fuse-element pressure value was greater than the fuse-element pressure value before the pump far away before the net, controlling means accessible sound or light were reported to the police, and the suggestion is traded the serious jam of filter screen of net device, needs in time to change the filter screen.
In a preferred embodiment, the melt pressure and temperature control system further comprises a post-pump pressure sensor, and the post-pump pressure sensor is disposed at the rear side of the fixed displacement pump. The post-pump pressure sensor is used for detecting the post-pump melt pressure value of the plastic melt at the rear side of the quantitative pump and feeding the post-pump melt pressure value back to the control device for displaying, and plays a role in observing whether the pressure of the plastic melt output by the quantitative pump is stable.
In a preferred scheme, the speed regulating mechanism is a frequency converter, and the frequency converter is electrically connected with the corresponding input and output ends of the control device. During operation, after receiving a speed regulating signal sent by the control device, the frequency converter adjusts and controls the rotating speed of the screw driving motor by changing the working power supply frequency of the screw driving motor, so that the feeding speed of the screw is increased or reduced, and the melt pressure value before the pump reaches the preset melt pressure range value.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature control actuator includes a plurality of electric heaters and a plurality of cooling fans, the electric heaters and the cooling fans are in the same number and in one-to-one correspondence with the heating temperature zones, and each electric heater and each cooling fan are electrically connected to the corresponding output end of the driving control module. The electric heating device can heat the corresponding heating temperature zone to heat the heating temperature zone, and the cooling fan can blow air to the corresponding heating temperature zone to cool the heating temperature zone. The driving control module generally comprises control circuits such as an electric heating start-stop control circuit, a heating current control circuit and a fan start-stop control circuit, generally comprises a plurality of relays, varistors and peripheral circuits thereof, and belongs to a more conventional control circuit.
In a preferred scheme, the temperature acquisition module comprises a plurality of heating temperature sensors, the heating temperature sensors are in the same number and in one-to-one correspondence with the heating temperature areas, the heating temperature sensors are arranged in the corresponding heating temperature areas, and each heating temperature sensor is electrically connected with the corresponding input end of the control device. When the temperature control device works, each temperature sensor respectively collects the heating temperature value of the corresponding heating temperature area and feeds the heating temperature value back to the control device for processing.
Generally, the control device is a PLC controller, and various setting parameters (such as initial heating temperature values of each heating temperature zone, initial rotation speed of the screw driving motor, set rotation speed of the constant delivery pump motor, etc.) can be input into the PLC controller through a human-computer interface of an upper computer. The PLC calculates and analyzes by adopting a PID operation control algorithm according to the melt pressure value before the pump acquired by the pressure sensor before the pump to obtain the frequency required by the frequency converter, sends an acceleration control signal or a deceleration control signal to the frequency converter and quickly adjusts the rotating speed of the screw driving motor; and then the PLC controller obtains the rotating speed of the adjusted screw driving motor according to the working power supply frequency of the screw driving motor fed back by the frequency converter, counts, analyzes and calculates the heating temperature values of all heating temperature areas acquired by the temperature sensor to obtain the optimal heating temperature values of all heating temperature areas, and controls the temperature control execution mechanism to heat or radiate all heating temperature areas of the sheet extruding machine through the driving control module to enable the heating temperature of all heating temperature areas to reach the optimal heating temperature values.
PID operation control algorithm of PLC controller
In steady state operation, the PID controller manages the output value to drive error (e) to zero. The error measure is determined by the difference between the set value (desired operating point) and the process variable (actual operating point). The PID control principle is based on the following equation, where the output M (t) is expressed as a function of the proportional, integral and differential terms:
wherein:
m (t) Loop output as a function of time
dt loop gain
e Loop errors (difference between setpoint and Process variable)
Initial value of minidial loop output
When closed-loop PID control is adopted, when a pressure value (PV value) detected by a pressure sensor in front of a pump is smaller than a set value (SP value), the speed of a screw driving motor is controlled to be increased (the speed of a frequency converter is regulated) through an output control value (CV value), so that the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in front of the pump is increased and reaches the set value; on the contrary, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor before the pump is larger than the set value, the speed of the screw driving motor is controlled to be reduced (the speed is regulated by the frequency converter) by outputting the control value, so that the pressure detected by the pressure sensor before the pump is reduced and reaches the same value as the set value.
The optimal heating temperature value of the heating temperature zone is calculated by adopting the following formula: t = T1+ A (V-V1), wherein T1 is an initial heating temperature value set in the heating temperature zone; v1 is the initial rotation speed of the screw driving motor; v is the actual rotating speed of the screw driving motor fed back by the frequency converter; a is a constant obtained by carrying out a plurality of times of experiments and measurements according to different requirements of plastic melts made of different materials on temperature, and A is changed along with the change of the materials of the plastic melts.
In addition, if necessary, the speed of the motor of the constant delivery pump can be controlled according to the melt pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after the pump, so that the pressure detected by the pressure sensor after the pump is reduced or increased, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor before the pump is reduced and reaches the set value.
The melt pressure and temperature control system in the sheet extruder can realize automatic regulation and control of the plastic melt pressure and the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone through the cooperation of the control device, the pressure sensor in front of the pump, the drive control module, the speed regulating mechanism, the temperature acquisition module and the temperature control actuating mechanism, so that the plastic melt pressure and the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone are kept in a better range, the plastic melt of the quantitative pump is ensured to be quantitatively and stably output, and the parts of the charging barrel, the screen changing device, the quantitative pump, the extrusion die head and the like are kept at proper temperatures, so that the production stability and reliability of the sheet extruder are improved, and the production quality of sheets is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a sheet extruder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of a melt pressure temperature control system in the sheet extruder shown in FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sheet extruder with the melt pressure temperature control system comprises a frame 1, a barrel 2, a screw 3, a screw driving motor 4, a screen changing device 5, a dosing pump 6, an extrusion die head 7 and a melt pressure temperature control system 8, wherein the barrel 2, the screw driving motor 4, the screen changing device 5, the dosing pump 6 and the extrusion die head 7 are all mounted on the frame 1, and the screw 3 is rotatably mounted in the barrel 2 and is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the screw driving motor 4; the charging barrel 2, the screen changing device 5, the constant delivery pump 6 and the extrusion die head 7 are sequentially communicated from front to back, and a plurality of (for example, 15) heating temperature areas 9 are arranged on the charging barrel 2, the screen changing device 5, the constant delivery pump 6 and the extrusion die head 7; the melt pressure and temperature control system 8 comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) 81, a pressure sensor 82 in front of the pump, a drive control module 83, a frequency converter 84 for adjusting the rotating speed of the screw drive motor 4, a temperature acquisition module 85 for acquiring heating temperature values of all heating temperature areas 9, and a temperature control executing mechanism 86 for adjusting and controlling the heating temperature of all heating temperature areas 9, wherein the pressure sensor 82 in front of the pump is arranged between the net changing device 5 and the fixed displacement pump 6, the pressure sensor 82 in front of the pump and the temperature acquisition module 85 are respectively and electrically connected with corresponding input ends of the PLC 81, the frequency converter 84 is electrically connected with corresponding input and output ends of the PLC 81, the input end of the drive control module 83 is electrically connected with corresponding output ends of the PLC 81, and the temperature control executing mechanism 86 is electrically connected with corresponding output ends of the drive control module 83.
In this embodiment, the temperature acquisition module 85 includes a plurality of heating temperature sensors 851, the heating temperature sensors 851 are the same as and correspond to the heating temperature zone 9 in number, the heating temperature sensors 851 are disposed in the corresponding heating temperature zone 9, and each heating temperature sensor 851 is electrically connected to the corresponding input terminal of the PLC controller 81.
In this embodiment, the temperature control actuator 86 includes a plurality of electric heating devices 861 and a plurality of cooling fans 862, the number of the electric heating devices 861 and the number of the cooling fans 862 are the same as the number of the heating temperature zones 9, and the electric heating devices 861 and the cooling fans 862 are in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding output ends of the driving control module 83. The electric heating device 861 can heat the corresponding heating temperature zone 9 to raise the temperature thereof, and the cooling fan 862 can blow air to the corresponding heating temperature zone 9 to lower the temperature thereof.
In this embodiment, the melt pressure and temperature control system 8 further comprises a pre-net pressure sensor 87, the pre-net pressure sensor 87 is arranged at the front side of the net replacing device 5, and the pre-net pressure sensor 87 is electrically connected with a corresponding input end of the PLC 81. The pre-net pressure sensor 87 is used for detecting the pre-net melt pressure value of the plastic melt at the front side of the net changing device 5 and feeding the pre-net melt pressure value back to the PLC 81 for processing; when PLC controller 81 detected that the fuse-element pressure value was greater than the fuse-element pressure value before the pump far away before the net, PLC controller 81 accessible sound or light were reported to the police, and the suggestion operator trades the serious jam of filter screen of net device 5, needs in time to change the filter screen.
In the present embodiment, the melt pressure and temperature control system 8 further includes a post-pump pressure sensor 88, and the post-pump pressure sensor 88 is provided on the rear side of the fixed displacement pump 6. The post-pump pressure sensor 88 is used for detecting a post-pump melt pressure value of the plastic melt at the rear side of the fixed displacement pump 6 and feeding the post-pump melt pressure value back to the PLC controller 81 to display the post-pump melt pressure value, so as to play a role in observing whether the pressure of the plastic melt output by the fixed displacement pump 6 is stable.
The working principle of the melt pressure temperature control system 8 is briefly described as follows:
during operation, the pre-pump pressure sensor 82 collects the pre-pump melt pressure value of the plastic melt between the fixed displacement pump 6 and the screen changer 5 and uploads the pre-pump melt pressure value to the PLC 81, the PLC 81 compares the collected pre-pump melt pressure value with a set melt pressure range value and outputs a control signal to the frequency converter 84 according to the comparison result, the frequency converter 84 changes the working power frequency of the screw driving motor 4 according to the control signal and adjusts and controls the rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4 so as to change the feeding speed of the screw 3, so that the pre-pump melt pressure value reaches the preset melt pressure range value (when the collected pre-pump melt pressure value is larger than the preset melt pressure range value, the PLC 81 outputs a deceleration control signal to the frequency converter 84, the frequency converter 84 reduces the working power frequency of the screw driving motor 4 to reduce the rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4, thereby reducing the feeding speed of the screw 3 and reducing the pressure value of the melt before the pump to be within a preset range of the melt pressure; when the collected melt pressure value before the pump is smaller than the preset melt pressure range value, the PLC controller 81 outputs an acceleration control signal to the frequency converter 84, and the frequency converter 84 increases the working power supply frequency of the screw driving motor 4 to increase the rotation speed of the screw driving motor 4, so as to increase the feeding speed of the screw 3 and increase the melt pressure value before the pump to within the preset melt pressure range value). Then the PLC 81 obtains the rotating speed of the adjusted screw driving motor 4 according to the working power frequency of the adjusted screw driving motor 4 fed back by the frequency converter 84, and obtains the optimal heating temperature value of each heating temperature zone 9 through statistics, calculation and analysis by combining the heating temperature values of each heating temperature zone 9 acquired by the temperature acquisition module 85, the PLC 81 controls the temperature control execution mechanism 86 to heat or radiate each heating temperature zone 9 of the sheet extruding machine through the drive control module 83, so that the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone 9 reaches the optimal heating temperature value (when the rotating speed of the adjusted screw driving motor 4 is reduced, the temperature control execution mechanism 86 radiates each heating temperature zone 9, so that the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone 9 is reduced to the optimal heating temperature value; when the rotating speed of the adjusted screw driving motor 4 is increased, the temperature control execution mechanism 86 heats each heating temperature zone 9, the heating temperature of each heating temperature zone 9 is raised to a preferable heating temperature value), and the appropriate temperature of each part of the charging barrel 2, the screen changing device 5, the quantitative pump 6 and the extrusion die head 7 is maintained.
Inputting various set parameters (such as initial heating temperature values of the heating temperature regions 9, initial rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4, set rotating speed of the motor of the constant delivery pump 6 and the like) to the PLC 81 through a human-computer interaction interface of the upper computer; the PLC 81 calculates and analyzes by adopting a PID operation control algorithm according to the melt pressure value before the pump collected by the pressure sensor before the pump 82 to obtain the frequency required by the required frequency converter 84, and sends an acceleration control signal or a deceleration control signal to the frequency converter 84, rapidly adjusts the rotation speed of the screw driving motor 4, meanwhile, the PLC 81 obtains the rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4 after adjustment according to the working power frequency of the screw driving motor 4 fed back by the frequency converter 84, and the heating temperature values of the heating temperature areas 9 acquired by the heating temperature sensors 851 are counted, analyzed and calculated to obtain preferred heating temperature values of the heating temperature areas 9, and the drive control module 83 controls the temperature control execution mechanism 86 to heat or radiate the heating temperature areas 9 of the sheet extruding machine, so that the heating temperature of the heating temperature areas 9 reaches the preferred heating temperature values.
PID operation control algorithm of PLC 81
In steady state operation, the PID controller manages the output value to drive error (e) to zero. The error measure is determined by the difference between the set value (desired operating point) and the process variable (actual operating point). The PID control principle is based on the following equation, where the output M (t) is expressed as a function of the proportional, integral and differential terms:
wherein:
m (t) Loop output as a function of time
dt loop gain
e Loop errors (difference between setpoint and Process variable)
Initial value of minidial loop output
When closed-loop PID control is adopted, when the pressure value (PV value) detected by the pressure sensor 82 before the pump is smaller than a set value (SP value), the speed of the screw driving motor 4 is controlled to be increased (the speed is regulated by the frequency converter 84) through the output control value (CV value), so that the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 82 before the pump is increased and reaches the set value; on the contrary, when the pressure value detected by the pre-pump pressure sensor 82 is greater than the set value, the speed of the screw driving motor 4 is controlled to be reduced (the speed is regulated by the frequency converter 84) by outputting the control value, so that the pressure detected by the pre-pump pressure sensor 82 is reduced and reaches the set value.
The optimal heating temperature value of the heating temperature zone 9 is calculated by adopting the following formula: t = T0+A(V-V0) Wherein, T0An initial heating temperature value set for the heating temperature zone 9; v0The initial rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4 is obtained; v is the actual rotation speed of the screw driving motor 4 fed back by the frequency converter 84; a is a constant obtained by carrying out a plurality of times of experiments and measurements according to different requirements of plastic melts made of different materials on temperature, and A is changed along with the change of the materials of the plastic melts.
For example: the initial heating temperature value set in a certain heating temperature zone 9 is 260 ℃, the initial rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4 is 600r/m, the set rotating speed of the motor of the quantitative pump 6 is 150r/m, and the set melt pressure range value of the plastic melt between the quantitative pump 6 and the screen changing device 5 is 4.5-5 Mpa. When the melt pressure value before the pump collected by the pressure sensor 82 before the pump is 4.1 MPa (less than the preset melt pressure range value), the PLC 81 calculates and analyzes by adopting a PID operation control algorithm according to the melt pressure value before the pump collected by the pressure sensor 82 before the pump is 4.1 MPa, and then outputs an acceleration control signal to the frequency converter 84, so that the rotating speed of the screw driving motor 4 is quickly increased, and the melt pressure value before the pump is increased to 4.5-5 MPa; then, the PLC controller 81 obtains the rotation speed of the adjusted screw driving motor 4 as 640 r/m according to the working power frequency of the screw driving motor 4 fed back by the frequency converter 84, and calculates the heating temperature value of 260 ℃ of the heating temperature zone 9 collected by the heating temperature sensor 514 to obtain the preferred heating temperature value of 280 ℃ of the heating temperature zone 9, and controls the electric heating device 861 to heat the heating temperature zone 9 by the driving control module 83 until the heating temperature of the heating temperature zone 9 is increased to 280 ℃.
In addition, it should be noted that the names of the parts and the like of the embodiments described in the present specification may be different, and the equivalent or simple change of the structure, the characteristics and the principle described in the present patent idea is included in the protection scope of the present patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. A sheet extruder with a melt pressure and temperature control system comprises a rack, a charging barrel, a screw driving motor, a net changing device, a constant delivery pump and an extrusion die head, wherein the charging barrel, the screw driving motor, the net changing device, the constant delivery pump and the extrusion die head are all arranged on the rack, and the screw is rotatably arranged in the charging barrel and is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the screw driving motor; feed cylinder, trade net device, constant delivery pump and extrusion die head communicate in proper order from the front to the back, are equipped with a plurality of heating warm areas, its characterized in that on feed cylinder, trade net device, constant delivery pump and the extrusion die head: the sheet extruder also comprises a melt pressure and temperature control system, the melt pressure and temperature control system comprises a control device, a pressure sensor in front of the pump, a driving control module and a speed regulating mechanism for regulating the rotating speed of the screw driving motor, the temperature acquisition module is used for gathering each the heating temperature value of heating warm area, be used for each the heating temperature of heating warm area carries out the temperature control actuating mechanism of regulation control, and pressure sensor locates before the pump trade the net device with between the constant delivery pump, pressure sensor, temperature acquisition module are connected with the corresponding input electricity of controlling means respectively before the pump, and speed adjusting mechanism is connected with the corresponding input/output electricity of controlling means, and drive control module's input is connected with the corresponding output electricity of controlling means, and temperature control actuating mechanism is connected with the corresponding output electricity of drive control module.
2. The sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the speed regulating mechanism is a frequency converter, and the frequency converter is electrically connected with the corresponding input and output ends of the control device.
3. The sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the control device is a PLC controller.
4. The sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature control actuating mechanism comprises a plurality of electric heating devices and a plurality of cooling fans, the electric heating devices and the cooling fans correspond to the heating temperature areas in the same number one by one, and each electric heating device and each cooling fan are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding output end of the drive control module.
5. The sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature acquisition module comprises a plurality of heating temperature sensors, the heating temperature sensors are in the same number and one-to-one correspondence with the heating temperature areas, the heating temperature sensors are arranged in the corresponding heating temperature areas, and each heating temperature sensor is electrically connected with the corresponding input end of the control device.
6. The sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the melt pressure and temperature control system further comprises a network front pressure sensor, the network front pressure sensor is arranged on the front side of the network changing device, and the network front pressure sensor is electrically connected with the corresponding input end of the control device.
7. The sheet extruder with melt pressure temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the melt pressure and temperature control system further comprises a post-pump pressure sensor, and the post-pump pressure sensor is arranged on the rear side of the constant delivery pump.
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| CN111745934A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 | Mould for producing thick-wall pipe with uniform wall thickness |
| CN111873144A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-03 | 四川省劲腾环保建材有限公司 | Method for adjusting running speed of automatic wallboard forming extruder |
| CN112248395A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 安徽德尔电气集团有限公司 | Extruder temperature control system for cable production |
| CN112776299A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-11 | 湖南登科材料科技有限公司 | Processing and forming system of strip-shaped engineering plastic with higher toughness |
| CN112828051A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Mold cleaning control system and control method thereof |
| CN114102896A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-01 | 仙桃市聚兴橡胶有限公司 | Manufacturing method for producing tire reclaimed rubber by plasticizing of normal-pressure continuous plasticizing machine |
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