CN111045151A - Optical fiber mode field adapter, preparation method thereof and laser equipment - Google Patents
Optical fiber mode field adapter, preparation method thereof and laser equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111045151A CN111045151A CN201811191148.2A CN201811191148A CN111045151A CN 111045151 A CN111045151 A CN 111045151A CN 201811191148 A CN201811191148 A CN 201811191148A CN 111045151 A CN111045151 A CN 111045151A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2552—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding reshaping or reforming of light guides for coupling using thermal heating, e.g. tapering, forming of a lens on light guide ends
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber mode field adapter, a preparation method thereof and laser equipment. A preparation method of a fiber mode field adapter comprises the following steps: providing an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber; reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber such that the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is equal to the ratio of the core diameter of the output optical fiber to the core diameter of the input optical fiber; performing fusion tapering on the output optical fiber to enable the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the core diameter of the input optical fiber; and welding the tapered output optical fiber and the tapered input optical fiber to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter. The preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter has the advantage of low welding loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser equipment, in particular to an optical fiber mode field adapter, a preparation method thereof and laser equipment.
Background
The initial laser seed source of the fiber laser is output in a single mode, and the fiber with larger fiber core size is adopted for amplification in the post amplification so as to obtain higher power. In order to avoid the nonlinear effect, a fiber Mode Field Adapter (MFA) is added between each amplification stage to keep the signal light at the front stage to be amplified in a single mode after entering the rear stage. The conventional fiber mode field adapter has a thin fiber input and a thick fiber output, but the fusion process of the thin fiber and the thick fiber causes large fusion loss.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a method for manufacturing an optical fiber mode field adapter with low fusion loss is needed.
In addition, a fiber mode field adapter and a laser device are also provided.
A preparation method of a fiber mode field adapter comprises the following steps:
providing an input fiber and an output fiber, the output fiber having a core diameter greater than the core diameter of the input fiber, the output fiber having a cladding diameter greater than the cladding diameter of the input fiber, the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output fiber to the cladding diameter of the input fiber being greater than the ratio of the core diameter of the output fiber to the core diameter of the input fiber;
reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber such that the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is equal to the ratio of the core diameter of the output optical fiber to the core diameter of the input optical fiber;
performing fusion tapering on the output optical fiber to enable the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the core diameter of the input optical fiber;
and welding the tapered output optical fiber and the tapered input optical fiber to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter.
The preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter reduces the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to enable the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber to be equal to the ratio of the fiber core diameter of the output optical fiber to the fiber core diameter of the input optical fiber, and performs tapering on the output optical fiber with the reduced cladding diameter to enable the tapered output optical fiber to be matched with the fiber core diameter and the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber, namely the tapered output optical fiber is well matched with the mode field of the input optical fiber, and then performs fusion splicing on the tapered output optical fiber and the input optical fiber to enable fusion splicing loss to be small. Therefore, the preparation method of the fiber mode field adapter has the advantage of low fusion loss.
In one embodiment, the method of reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber comprises at least one of an etching method and a grinding method.
In one embodiment, the step of reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is specifically: and soaking the output optical fiber in a corrosive liquid for corrosion, wherein the corrosive liquid is hydrofluoric acid.
In one embodiment, the mass concentration of the corrosive liquid is 50-55%.
In one embodiment, the step of performing fusion tapering on the output optical fiber specifically includes: heating the output optical fiber to be molten at the temperature of 100-900 ℃, and then tapering the molten output optical fiber.
In one embodiment, before the step of fusion splicing the tapered output optical fiber and the input optical fiber, the method further comprises the step of flattening the tapered output optical fiber.
In one embodiment, after the step of fusion splicing the tapered output optical fiber and the tapered input optical fiber, a step of packaging is further included.
In one embodiment, the step of encapsulating specifically includes: and sleeving a glass tube at the fusion joint of the output optical fiber and the input optical fiber after tapering, and fixing two ends of the glass tube with the output optical fiber and the input optical fiber after fusion joint respectively.
The optical fiber mode field adapter prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter.
A laser device comprises the optical fiber mode field adapter prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter or the optical fiber mode field adapter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fusion loss test optical path.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The preparation method of the fiber mode field adapter of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 110: an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber are provided.
The core diameter of the output optical fiber is larger than that of the input optical fiber, the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is larger than that of the input optical fiber, and the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to that of the input optical fiber is larger than that of the output optical fiber to that of the input optical fiber.
Step 120: the cladding diameter of the output fiber is reduced such that the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output fiber to the cladding diameter of the input fiber is equal to the ratio of the core diameter of the output fiber to the core diameter of the input fiber.
Wherein the method of reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber comprises at least one of an etching method and a polishing method. Further, the step of reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber specifically comprises: and soaking the output optical fiber in the corrosive liquid for corrosion. Specifically, the etching solution is hydrofluoric acid. Further, the mass concentration of the corrosive liquid is 50-55%. Wherein, the soaking time is adjusted according to the diameter of the cladding and the degree of corrosion, and generally, the soaking time is 10-60 min.
For example, if the core diameter of the input fiber is 10 μm, the cladding diameter is 130 μm, the core diameter of the output fiber is 20 μm, and the cladding diameter is 400 μm, it is necessary to reduce the cladding diameter of the output fiber to 260 μm.
Step 130: and performing fusion tapering on the output optical fiber to enable the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the core diameter of the input optical fiber.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of performing fusion tapering on an output optical fiber: heating the output optical fiber to be molten at the temperature of 100-900 ℃, and then tapering the molten output optical fiber. Wherein the heating time is 200-1000 s.
The fact that the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering is matched with that of the input optical fiber means that the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering is close to that of the input optical fiber. Further, the difference between the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering and the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is within ± 10 μm. Further, the clad diameter of the output fiber after tapering is equal to the clad diameter of the input fiber.
The fact that the diameter of the fiber core of the output optical fiber after tapering is matched with that of the input optical fiber means that the diameter of the fiber core of the output optical fiber after tapering is close to that of the fiber core of the input optical fiber. Further, the difference between the core diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering and the core diameter of the input optical fiber is within ± 2 μm. Furthermore, the core diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering is equal to that of the input optical fiber.
Specifically, fusion tapering is performed using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine. The optical fiber fusion tapering machine can verify the diameter of the cladding of the output optical fiber after tapering.
Step 140: and welding the tapered output optical fiber and the tapered input optical fiber to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter.
The optical fiber mode field is characterized by the effective area of the fiber core of the optical fiber and is in direct proportion to the diameter of the fiber core.
The welding strength is standard discharge strength, the standard discharge strength is determined by equipment, namely a welding machine, and the discharge strength determines the temperature of a thermal field. Further, the time for welding is 2000ms to 10000 ms.
Before the step of fusion splicing the tapered output optical fiber and the input optical fiber, the method further includes a step of flattening the tapered output optical fiber to reduce fusion splice loss between the tapered output optical fiber and the input optical fiber.
After the step of fusion splicing the tapered output optical fiber and input optical fiber, a step of further firing is further included to reduce fusion splice loss. Specifically, the further firing step specifically comprises: and (3) passing light on the optical fiber fusion tapering machine, monitoring by a power meter, then firing, and stopping firing when a preset fusion loss is achieved.
After the step of fusion splicing the tapered output optical fiber and the input optical fiber, a step of packaging is further included to protect the fusion splice of the tapered output optical fiber and the input optical fiber. Further, the step of packaging specifically comprises: and sleeving the glass tube at the fusion joint of the output optical fiber and the input optical fiber, and fixing two ends of the glass tube with the fused output optical fiber and input optical fiber respectively. Specifically, two ends of the glass tube are respectively fixed with the output optical fiber and the input optical fiber after welding by adopting ultraviolet curing glue.
It should be noted that step 120 may be omitted if the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output fiber to the cladding diameter of the input fiber is equal to the ratio of the core diameter of the output fiber to the core diameter of the input fiber.
The preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter at least has the following advantages:
1) the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is reduced, the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is equal to the ratio of the core diameter of the output optical fiber to the core diameter of the input optical fiber, the output optical fiber with the reduced cladding diameter is tapered, the tapered output optical fiber is matched with the core diameter and the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber, namely the tapered output optical fiber is well matched with the mode field of the input optical fiber, and then the tapered output optical fiber is welded with the input optical fiber, so that the welding loss is small. Therefore, the preparation method of the fiber mode field adapter has the advantage of low fusion loss.
2) The preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter avoids the problem that the fiber core size is too large to be matched with the preceding stage optical fiber due to the fact that two optical fibers with greatly different cladding diameters and fiber core diameters are directly drawn and welded.
The optical fiber mode field adapter prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter. The fiber mode field adapter has small welding loss and is suitable for manufacturing high-power fiber lasers.
The optical fiber mode field adapter prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter or the application of the optical fiber mode field adapter in preparing laser equipment. For example, in the production of fibre lasers.
The laser device of an embodiment may be a mopa (power amplifier of master controlled oscillator) fiber laser, a Q-switched fiber laser, a continuous laser, or an ultrafast laser. The laser comprises the optical fiber mode field adapter prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber mode field adapter or the optical fiber mode field adapter. Furthermore, the laser also comprises a laser seed source and a post-stage amplifier, wherein the laser seed source is connected with an input optical fiber of the optical fiber mode field adapter, and the post-stage amplifier is connected with an output optical fiber. The laser equipment has the advantages of low welding loss and high power.
The following are specific examples:
example 1
The preparation steps of the fiber mode field adapter of the embodiment are as follows:
1) an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber are provided, wherein the core diameter of the input optical fiber is 10 μm, the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is 130 μm, the core diameter of the output optical fiber is 20 μm, and the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is 400 μm.
2) And soaking the output optical fiber in hydrofluoric acid for corrosion so that the diameter of the cladding of the output optical fiber is 260 mu m, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is 52%, and the soaking time is 30 min.
3) Heating the output optical fiber to be molten at 700 ℃, and tapering the molten output optical fiber by using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine so that the cladding diameter of the tapered output optical fiber is matched with that of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the tapered output optical fiber is matched with that of the input optical fiber; meanwhile, the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering is verified by using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine.
4) And cutting the output optical fiber after tapering, welding the output optical fiber with the input optical fiber, further firing, and packaging to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter, wherein the welding strength is standard discharge strength, and the welding time is 5000 ms.
Example 2
The preparation steps of the fiber mode field adapter of the embodiment are as follows:
1) an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber are provided, wherein the core diameter of the input optical fiber is 10 μm, the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is 130 μm, the core diameter of the output optical fiber is 20 μm, and the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is 400 μm.
2) And soaking the output optical fiber in hydrofluoric acid for corrosion so that the diameter of a cladding of the output optical fiber is 260 mu m, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is 50%, and the soaking time is 10 min.
3) Heating the output optical fiber to be molten at the temperature of 100 ℃, and tapering the molten output optical fiber by using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine so that the cladding diameter of the tapered output optical fiber is matched with that of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the tapered output optical fiber is matched with that of the input optical fiber; meanwhile, the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering is verified by using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine.
4) And cutting the output optical fiber after tapering, welding the output optical fiber with the input optical fiber, further firing, and packaging to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter, wherein the welding strength is standard discharge strength, and the welding time is 2000 ms.
Example 3
The preparation steps of the fiber mode field adapter of the embodiment are as follows:
1) an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber are provided, wherein the core diameter of the input optical fiber is 10 μm, the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is 130 μm, the core diameter of the output optical fiber is 20 μm, and the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is 400 μm.
2) And soaking the output optical fiber in hydrofluoric acid for corrosion so that the diameter of a cladding of the output optical fiber is 260 mu m, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is 55%, and the soaking time is 60 min.
3) Heating the output optical fiber to be molten at 900 ℃, and tapering the molten output optical fiber by using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine so that the cladding diameter of the tapered output optical fiber is matched with that of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the tapered output optical fiber is matched with that of the input optical fiber; meanwhile, the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering is verified by using an optical fiber fusion tapering machine.
4) And cutting the output optical fiber after tapering, welding the output optical fiber with the input optical fiber, further firing, and packaging to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter, wherein the welding strength is standard discharge strength, and the welding time is 10000 ms.
Comparative example 1
The preparation steps of the fiber mode field adapter of the comparative example are as follows:
1) an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber are provided, wherein the core diameter of the input optical fiber is 20 μm, the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is 130 μm, the core diameter of the output optical fiber is 20 μm, and the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is 400 μm.
2) The output fiber was heated to melt at 700 ℃, and then the melted output fiber was tapered using a fiber fusion tapering machine so that the clad diameter of the tapered output fiber was 125 μm and the core diameter of the tapered output fiber was 6.25 μm.
3) And cutting the output optical fiber after tapering, welding the output optical fiber with the input optical fiber, further firing, and packaging to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter, wherein the welding strength is standard discharge strength, and the welding time is 5000 ms.
The welding loss test method comprises the following steps:
connecting a 1064 light source with a first cladding power stripper (CPS1), then clearing the first cladding power stripper, then connecting an optical fiber mode field adapter with the first cladding power stripper, then connecting a second cladding power stripper (CPS2) with the optical fiber mode field adapter, connecting a power meter with the second cladding power stripper, wherein the display value of the power meter is fusion loss, the fusion loss test optical path diagram is shown in FIG. 1, and ● in FIG. 1 represents a fusion point.
The welding loss of the fiber mode field adapters prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 was measured by the welding loss measurement method, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Test object | Loss of fusion |
| Example 1 | 0.12dB |
| Example 2 | 0.13dB |
| Example 3 | 0.14dB |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.56dB |
As can be seen from table 1, compared with comparative example 1, the splicing loss of the fiber mode field adapters prepared in examples 1 to 3 is much smaller than that of the fiber mode field adapter prepared in comparative example 1, which indicates that the fiber mode field adapters prepared in examples 1 to 3 have smaller splicing loss.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an optical fiber mode field adapter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing an input fiber and an output fiber, the output fiber having a core diameter greater than the core diameter of the input fiber, the output fiber having a cladding diameter greater than the cladding diameter of the input fiber, the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output fiber to the cladding diameter of the input fiber being greater than the ratio of the core diameter of the output fiber to the core diameter of the input fiber;
reducing the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber such that the ratio of the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber to the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber is equal to the ratio of the core diameter of the output optical fiber to the core diameter of the input optical fiber;
performing fusion tapering on the output optical fiber to enable the cladding diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the cladding diameter of the input optical fiber, and the core diameter of the output optical fiber after tapering to be matched with the core diameter of the input optical fiber;
and welding the tapered output optical fiber and the tapered input optical fiber to obtain the optical fiber mode field adapter.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reducing the diameter of the cladding layer of the output fiber comprises at least one of etching and grinding.
3. The method for preparing the fiber mode field adapter according to claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the cladding diameter of the output fiber is specifically: and soaking the output optical fiber in a corrosive liquid for corrosion, wherein the corrosive liquid is hydrofluoric acid.
4. The method for preparing the fiber mode field adapter according to claim 3, wherein the mass concentration of the etching solution is 50-55%.
5. The method for preparing a fiber mode field adapter according to claim 1, wherein the step of fusion tapering the output fiber comprises: heating the output optical fiber to be molten at the temperature of 100-900 ℃, and then tapering the molten output optical fiber.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of flattening the tapered output fiber prior to the step of fusion splicing the tapered output fiber to the input fiber.
7. The method for preparing a fiber mode field adapter according to claim 1, further comprising a step of packaging after the step of fusion splicing the tapered output fiber and the input fiber.
8. The method for preparing a fiber mode field adapter according to claim 7, wherein the step of encapsulating specifically comprises: and sleeving a glass tube at the fusion joint of the output optical fiber and the input optical fiber after tapering, and fixing two ends of the glass tube with the output optical fiber and the input optical fiber after fusion joint respectively.
9. The fiber mode field adapter prepared by the preparation method of the fiber mode field adapter of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A laser device comprising the fiber mode field adapter produced by the method for producing a fiber mode field adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the fiber mode field adapter according to claim 9.
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| CN115166904A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Manufacturing method of optical fiber end surface pumping beam combiner with maintained beam quality |
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Application publication date: 20200421 |