CN111044971A - Two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system - Google Patents
Two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111044971A CN111044971A CN201911341934.0A CN201911341934A CN111044971A CN 111044971 A CN111044971 A CN 111044971A CN 201911341934 A CN201911341934 A CN 201911341934A CN 111044971 A CN111044971 A CN 111044971A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system, which comprises an antenna and is characterized in that the antenna comprises: a substrate; direction-finding antenna array: the system comprises a plurality of azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units, wherein the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are in L-shaped or cross-shaped two-dimensional staggered arrangement, and the intervals of the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are arranged according to the interval of an optimized design value; a hidden antenna unit: 1, used for coherent collection of space radiation signals; instantaneous frequency measurement antenna element: 1, used for rapidly intercepting a target in a frequency domain and providing frequency guide information for a frequency measurement receiver; and each direction-finding antenna unit, each shadow-hiding antenna unit, each instantaneous frequency-measuring antenna and the substrate are fixed and installed through positioning screws. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system has a wider range of the ambiguity-resolving angle than the traditional ambiguity-resolving angle, realizes +/-90-degree ambiguity-free angle finding, and improves the direction-finding stability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of interferometer direction finding of microwave signals, in particular to a two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system with optimized design.
Background
The invention relates to the field of interferometer direction finding, in particular to a two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system with optimized design. At present, the interferometer direction-finding technology is an important direction-finding technology method in a passive detection system due to the advantages of high direction-finding precision, simple algorithm, small volume, wide instantaneous coverage space area and the like, and is widely applied to modern military and civil technologies. Despite its advantages, the interferometer direction-finding system has the following problems in engineering applications. Firstly, the application of the method is limited due to the narrow range of the ambiguity resolution angle, the range of the traditional ambiguity resolution angle is generally +/-45 degrees, and the signal entering from the range beyond the ambiguity resolution angle can cause serious errors in the direction finding result of the system and influence the measurement of normal signals; secondly, the traditional interferometer direction-finding system does not consider direction-finding blur caused by backward incident signals, and normal direction finding of the interferometer is influenced when large signals exist in the backward direction; thirdly, after considering a certain engineering phase error, the traditional interferometer keeps the complete ambiguity resolution success probability of more than 95% in a wide frequency band (such as 3-frequency multiplication) in a large angle measurement range.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to expand the ambiguity resolution angle range of an interferometer direction-finding system so as to improve the direction-finding precision.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system, including: an antenna, the antenna comprising:
a substrate;
direction-finding antenna array: the system comprises a plurality of azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units, wherein the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are in L-shaped or cross-shaped two-dimensional staggered arrangement, and the intervals of the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are arranged according to the interval of an optimized design value;
a hidden antenna unit: 1, used for coherent collection of space radiation signals;
instantaneous frequency measurement antenna element: 1, used for rapidly intercepting a target in a frequency domain and providing frequency guide information for a frequency measurement receiver;
and each direction-finding antenna unit, each shadow-hiding antenna unit, each instantaneous frequency-measuring antenna and the substrate are fixed and installed through positioning screws.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the range of the ambiguity resolution angle is wider than that of the traditional ambiguity resolution angle, the +/-90-degree ambiguity-free angle measurement is realized, and the direction measurement stability of the system is improved;
(2) the influence of backward abnormal large signals on normal incoming wave signal direction finding is eliminated by adopting the backward shading antenna, and the anti-interference performance is stronger than that of a traditional interferometer direction finding system;
(3) by optimally designing the baseline of the interferometer, the ambiguity resolution success probability of the wide frequency band (such as 3 frequency doubling) in a larger angle measurement range is kept to be more than 95%, and meanwhile, the ambiguity resolution algorithm adopts an improved staggered ambiguity resolution algorithm, so that the method is more advanced compared with the traditional interferometer technology, even if the four-baseline ambiguity resolution is realized, all baseline phase ambiguity resolution can be quickly completed by only one cycle, and the ambiguity resolution speed is more stable and quick.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system structure and connection relationship;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single channel radio frequency receiving subsystem;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a servo turntable according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of the antenna elements of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the working principle of the two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of ambiguity resolution probabilities for different signal-to-noise ratios according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plot of direction finding accuracy for different signal-to-noise ratios according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an improved staggered ambiguity resolution algorithm implementation of the present system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of the present invention includes:
an antenna, the antenna comprising:
a substrate;
direction-finding antenna array: the system comprises a plurality of azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units, wherein the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are in L-shaped or cross-shaped two-dimensional staggered arrangement, and the intervals of the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are arranged according to the interval of an optimized design value;
a hidden antenna unit: 1, used for coherent collection of space radiation signals;
instantaneous frequency measurement antenna element: 1, used for rapidly intercepting a target in a frequency domain and providing frequency guide information for a frequency measurement receiver;
and each direction-finding antenna unit, each shadow-hiding antenna unit, each instantaneous frequency-measuring antenna and the substrate are fixed and installed through positioning screws.
The base line refers to a connecting line of two antenna units, and in the same dimension, any one of the antenna units is taken as a reference and is respectively connected with other antenna units to form a plurality of base lines.
Further, the direction-finding antenna array is cross-shaped, the number of the direction-finding antenna units can be 9, the direction-finding antenna units include 2 dimensions, each dimension includes 5 direction-finding antenna units, 4 baselines are formed, and the optimal design values of the lengths of the four baselines are as follows: k1λfmax、K2λfmax、K3λfmax、K4λfmaxWherein, K is1、K2、K3、K4Respectively, coefficient one, coefficient two, coefficient three, coefficient four, lambdafmaxAnd for the wavelength corresponding to the highest working frequency of the interferometer direction-finding system, the error between the actual value and the designed value of the lengths of the four baselines is less than 1 mm.
Coefficient one K18.1781, factor two212.4817, coefficient three K319.6198, factor four K4＝25.3468。
In the two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system, when the working frequency is 6-18GHz, the direction-finding antenna unit can adopt a planar spiral antenna working at 6-18 GHz;
the radio frequency receiving subsystem: the method is used for realizing frequency conversion, high-sensitivity digital receiving and multi-channel acquisition of radio frequency signals received by the direction-finding antenna array. The method comprises the following steps:
1. the single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver is used for realizing the rapid interception of a signal frequency domain and guiding the interferometer to perform rapid direction measurement, and the instantaneous frequency measurement antenna is interconnected with the single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver through a radio frequency cable; or a low noise amplifier can be connected at the rear end of the antenna, the low noise amplifier is connected with a single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver, the instantaneous frequency measurement antenna is integrated on the direction-finding antenna array, and the single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver and the low noise amplifier are integrated and installed in the radio frequency receiving subsystem. The single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver can adopt a 2-18GHz shelf product single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver.
2. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system is provided with 10 radio-frequency receiving channels and 1 instantaneous frequency-measuring receiving channel, and a single-channel radio-frequency receiving schematic diagram is shown in figure 2.
While also providing a calibration coupled port for each frequency measuring receive channel. The AD acquisition board card adopts 5 channels of 1GSPS to acquire the board, and ten channels set up 2 AD acquisition board cards of 5 channels altogether, adopt the digit 12, and two AD acquisition boards adopt same reference clock, realize high accuracy sampling synchronization, can realize the synchronous precision of 1 sampling clock step length between two AD acquisition board card channels finally.
Interferometer signal processing module: the system comprises 1 signal processing board, wherein the signal processing board receives high-speed optical data sent by an AD acquisition board card, digital channelized reception is realized through an FPGA on the signal processing board, digital signal processing is carried out on signals output by the digital channelized reception, parameter measurement such as phase discrimination, pulse width, arrival time and signal amplitude is realized, a measurement result is sent to a main control computer unit, and the main control computer unit finally adopts a stagger ambiguity resolution algorithm to resolve azimuth pitching of incoming wave signals according to single pulse phase information of 4 baselines.
The monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a time sequence control board and a computer control unit, realizes overall control, data interaction and time sequence control of the system, and analyzes, displays and records direction-finding original data sampled by a direction-finding data processing module in real time.
A correction subsystem: the system comprises a correction processing program module, a correction source and a correction coupling network, and realizes the calculation of correction coefficients and the parameter distribution of the time delay, the amplitude and the phase consistency of digital multichannel. The correction processing program module runs in the main control computer unit, and the correction source and the correction coupling network are integrally installed in the radio frequency receiving subsystem. The correction process comprises the following steps: the main control computer unit sends a correction instruction to the time sequence control panel, the time sequence control panel controls a correction source to send correction signals with different frequencies according to a certain time sequence, the signal processing panel receives 9 paths of digital signals sent by the AD acquisition panel and forwards the digital signals to the main control computer unit through the radio frequency link and the AD acquisition panel, and the main control computer unit finally completes system amplitude and phase correction and sends a correction result to the signal processing panel.
Servo revolving stage: the device comprises a direction rotary table 3, wherein a pitching rotary table 2 is arranged on a rotary table of the direction rotary table, and an antenna 1 is arranged on the pitching rotary table. The structure is shown in figure 3, and the azimuth reduction box, the pitching angle measurement high-frequency and liquid integrated joint mechanism and the azimuth pitching control are adopted. The servo turntable receives the instruction of the computer control unit to make the direction-finding antenna point to the target signal, so as to ensure the effective detection and reception of the signal.
Power and auxiliary system: the system mainly provides power supply for the whole system and other necessary cables and testing tools for ensuring the system to work.
The two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system of the invention works in a typical process as follows: the system servo turntable is switched to an airspace to be detected according to a detection direction-finding task instruction, a single-bit instantaneous frequency-finding system is adopted for quickly completing the frequency domain interception of the airspace signal for a signal system with a large amplitude, an interferometer channelized receiver is adopted for frequency measurement and direction finding for a small signal if the single-bit instantaneous frequency-finding receiver cannot complete the signal frequency domain interception, and the signalized receiver needs to perform frequency scanning according to the instantaneous bandwidth in a segmented mode to complete the frequency measurement and direction finding of the signal of the whole frequency band. If the instantaneous frequency measurement receiver finishes the frequency measurement of signals, the system can manually/automatically guide the two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system to carry out narrow-band rapid direction finding, when the direction finding is carried out, when the system reaches a direction-finding antenna array by utilizing electric waves, the phases of the signals received by each antenna unit are different due to different spatial positions, and the incoming wave direction is solved by measuring the phase difference of the incoming waves on each array element.
The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system phase interferometer adopts a cross or L-shaped azimuth and pitching direction-finding antenna array to realize azimuth and pitching two-dimensional direction finding, each direction finding adopts a linear array phase interferometer, each dimension consists of 5 direction-finding antenna units, the direction finding is realized by adopting optimized stagger baseline arrangement and an improved stagger ambiguity resolution method, wherein the azimuth and the pitching dimensions share one antenna, the direction-finding antenna array consists of 9 antenna units in total, the direction finding is firstly carried out by the pitching dimension and then carried out by the azimuth dimension during direction finding, the key airspace of instantaneous direction finding is within the airspace range of plus or minus 60 degrees of the normal direction and the pitching of the antenna, and the unambiguous direction-finding range is plus or minus 90 degrees.
In addition, the two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system adopts the optimized L-shaped or cross-shaped two-dimensional staggered array interferometer antenna array, the staggered array of two dimensions of the interferometer antenna array adopts the same baseline array mode, and the length design values of four baselines are respectively as follows: 8.1781 lambdafmax、12.4817λfmax、19.6198λfmax、25.3468λfmaxWherein λ isfmaxThe wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the system operation. By adopting the four-base-line array arrangement scheme, the high-precision direction finding can be carried out in a frequency range of 3 frequency multiplication under the condition of a signal-to-noise ratio of 12dB, and meanwhile, the ambiguity resolution probability is better than 95% when the direction is found to be +/-90 degrees.
The two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system also comprises a signal processing module, wherein a staggered ambiguity resolving program module is operated in the signal processing module, and the working method of the staggered ambiguity resolving module specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring pitching dimension AD intermediate frequency sampling data and backward shadow masking channel data;
step 2: carrying out digital channelization on intermediate frequency data of each channel;
and step 3: performing down-conversion and filtering on the digital channelization to obtain baseband IQ data of all channels, wherein the down-conversion refers to down-converting a digital signal from an intermediate frequency to a baseband, and the baseband IQ is a real part and an imaginary part of the baseband signal;
and 4, step 4: carrying out shading processing on each channel data, when a shading channel signal is greater than a direction-finding channel, not carrying out direction finding on the channel, otherwise, carrying out baseline phase calculation on the IQ data of the 5-path direction-finding channel and carrying out baseline phase correction on the calculation result;
and 5: assuming that the baseline phase ambiguity number is N, 2N +1 loop calculations are performed from negative N to N, where N is ceil (25.3468 λ)fmax/λfc) The function ceil () represents that the minimum integer which is larger than or equal to the specified expression is returned, and the baseline phase ambiguity number of other baselines is directly calculated based on the current longest baseline ambiguity coefficient of the loop; setting the length ratio of four base lines as m0:m1:m2:m3The four baseline phase measurements are
And
if the current longest baseline phase ambiguity number is d, the calculation formulas of the other three baseline phase ambiguity numbers a, b and c are as follows:
L1，L2，L3，L4respectively representing an intermediate variable I, an intermediate variable II, an intermediate variable III and an intermediate variable IV in the calculation process;
step 6: according to the current resolved baseline phase ambiguity number, calculating a consistency evaluation function root mean square delta r under the current baseline phase ambiguity number, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
and 7: comparing the currently calculated uniformity evaluation function averaging root value with the calculation result of the initial or last uniformity evaluation function averaging root value, and outputting a baseline phase ambiguity number corresponding to the minimum value;
and 8: judging whether the cycle of the baseline phase ambiguity number is finished or not, wherein the judgment condition is that the cycle baseline phase ambiguity number reaches N, if not, continuing to start from the step 5, increasing the value of the longest baseline phase ambiguity number by 1, and if the cycle is finished, jumping out of the cycle;
and step 9: calculating the true value of the longest base line phase according to the final output longest base line phase fuzzy number
(ii) a The phase measured value +2 pi x fuzzy number is the true phase value;
step 10: the radiation source angle theta is calculated based on the deblurred long baseline phase values,
k is a wave vector, d0For the highest frequency corresponding to the wavelength, p4The longest baseline phase true value.
The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system related by the invention adopts an internal correction method to realize the time delay and amplitude phase correction among all direction-finding channels; and each coupler of the correction coupling network is directly connected with the corresponding direction-finding antenna unit in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that phase correction errors caused by cable connection are reduced. Meanwhile, the power distribution networks of the correction source signals are designed in equal length and equal phase, so that the time delay and amplitude phase of the correction signals reaching each coupler are ensured to be consistent. When the system is corrected, time delay correction is firstly carried out, and then amplitude phase correction is carried out. During time delay correction, the system controls a correction source to emit single-frequency-point pulse signals, and the AD acquisition board card acquires 1 piece of repeated period data of each receiving channel at the same time and performs related processing to obtain time delay information among the channels; when the amplitude phase is corrected, the correction source transmits single-frequency-point continuous wave signals according to a set frequency step and a certain time sequence, and AD acquisition simultaneously acquires correction data for each receiving channel according to the time sequence, so that the calculation and storage of the amplitude phase correction coefficient of each frequency point are completed.
The working principle of the invention is shown in fig. 5, and the typical process of the system during operation is as follows: the system servo turntable is switched to an airspace to be detected according to a detection direction-finding task instruction, a single-bit instantaneous frequency-finding system is adopted for quickly completing the frequency domain interception of the airspace signal for a signal system with a large amplitude, an interferometer channelized receiver is adopted for frequency measurement and direction finding for a small signal if the single-bit instantaneous frequency-finding receiver cannot complete the signal frequency domain interception, and the signalized receiver needs to perform frequency scanning according to the instantaneous bandwidth in a segmented mode to complete the frequency measurement and direction finding of the signal of the whole frequency band. If the instantaneous frequency measurement receiver finishes the frequency measurement of signals, the system can manually/automatically guide the two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system to carry out narrow-band rapid direction finding, when the direction finding is carried out, when the system reaches a direction-finding antenna array by utilizing electric waves, the phases of the signals received by each antenna unit are different due to different spatial positions, and the incoming wave direction is solved by measuring the phase difference of the incoming waves on each array element. The system phase interferometer adopts a cross direction-finding antenna array to realize azimuth and elevation two-dimensional direction finding, each direction finding adopts a linear array phase interferometer, each linear array consists of 5 antennas, the direction finding is realized by adopting optimized stagger baseline arrangement and an improved stagger ambiguity resolution method, wherein azimuth and elevation dimensions share one antenna, 9 antennas in total form a direction-finding antenna array, during direction finding, elevation dimension direction finding is firstly carried out, then azimuth dimension direction finding is carried out, an instantaneous direction-finding key airspace is within a airspace range of plus or minus 60 degrees of the normal direction and elevation of the antenna, and a non-ambiguity direction-finding range is plus or minus 90 degrees.
In addition, the direction-finding antenna array adopts an optimally designed cross-shaped interferometer antenna array with two-dimensional staggered arrangement, the staggered arrangement of two dimensions adopts the same baseline arrangement mode, and the lengths of four baselines are respectively as follows after the optimal design: [8.1781 λfmax、12.4817λfmax、19.6198λfmax、25.3468λfmax]Wherein λ isfmaxThe wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the system operation. By adopting the four-base-line array arrangement scheme, the high-precision direction finding can be carried out in a frequency range of 3 frequency multiplication under the condition of a signal-to-noise ratio of 12dB, and meanwhile, the ambiguity resolution probability is better than 95% when the direction is found to be +/-90 degrees. Considering the situation of certain engineering errors of the system, the results of calculating the ambiguity resolution probability and the direction-finding precision of the system under different signal-to-noise ratios are shown in fig. 6-7, the specific numerical values of the angle-finding precision under different angle-finding ranges and different signal-to-noise ratios are summarized and summarized in table 1, and table 1 shows the angle-finding precision under different angle-finding ranges and different signal-to-noise ratios.
TABLE 1
The foregoing describes the particular modular design and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the examples described above, and that the examples and descriptions are only illustrative of the idea of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A two-dimensional interferometer direction finding system, comprising:
an antenna, characterized in that the antenna comprises:
a substrate;
direction-finding antenna array: the system comprises a plurality of azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units, wherein the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are in L-shaped or cross-shaped two-dimensional staggered arrangement, and the intervals of the azimuth and elevation direction-finding antenna units are arranged according to the interval of an optimized design value;
a hidden antenna unit: 1, used for coherent collection of space radiation signals;
instantaneous frequency measurement antenna element: 1, used for rapidly intercepting a target in a frequency domain and providing frequency guide information for a frequency measurement receiver;
and each direction-finding antenna unit, each shadow-hiding antenna unit, each instantaneous frequency-measuring antenna and the substrate are fixed and installed through positioning screws.
2. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of claim 1, wherein: the direction-finding antenna array is cross-shaped, the number of the direction-finding antenna units can be 9, the direction-finding antenna units comprise 2 dimensions, each dimension comprises 5 direction-finding antenna units, 4 baselines are formed, and the optimized design values of the lengths of the four baselines are as follows: k1λfmax、K2λfmax、K3λfmax、K4λfmaxWherein, K is1、K2、K3、K4Respectively, coefficient one, coefficient two, coefficient three, coefficient four, lambdafmaxAnd for the wavelength corresponding to the highest working frequency of the interferometer direction-finding system, the error between the actual value and the designed value of the lengths of the four baselines is less than 1 mm.
3. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of claim 2, wherein: coefficient one K18.1781, factor two212.4817, coefficient three K319.6198, factor four K4＝25.3468。
4. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of claim 1, wherein: the direction-finding antenna unit adopts a planar spiral antenna working at 6-18 GHz.
5. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a radio frequency receiving subsystem, wherein the radio frequency receiving subsystem comprises a single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver and is used for realizing the rapid interception of a signal frequency domain and guiding the interferometer to perform rapid direction measurement, and an instantaneous frequency measurement antenna is interconnected with the single-bit instantaneous frequency measurement receiver through a radio frequency cable.
6. The two-dimensional interferometer direction-finding system of any of claims 1-5, wherein: the method comprises a signal processing module, a stagger ambiguity resolution program module and a working method of the stagger ambiguity resolution module, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring pitching dimension AD intermediate frequency sampling data and backward shadow masking channel data;
step 2: carrying out digital channelization on intermediate frequency data of each channel;
and step 3: performing down-conversion and filtering on the digital channelization to obtain baseband IQ data of all channels, wherein the down-conversion refers to down-converting a digital signal from an intermediate frequency to a baseband, and the baseband IQ is a real part and an imaginary part of the baseband signal;
and 4, step 4: carrying out shading processing on each channel data, when a shading channel signal is greater than a direction-finding channel, not carrying out direction finding on the channel, otherwise, carrying out baseline phase calculation on the IQ data of the 5-path direction-finding channel and carrying out baseline phase correction on the calculation result;
and 5: assuming that the baseline phase ambiguity number is N, 2N +1 loop calculations are performed from negative N to N, where N is ceil (25.3468 λ)fmax/λfc) The function ceil () represents that the minimum integer which is larger than or equal to the specified expression is returned, and the baseline phase ambiguity number of other baselines is directly calculated based on the current longest baseline ambiguity coefficient of the loop; setting the length ratio of four base lines as m0:m1:m2:m3The four baseline phase measurements are
And
if the current longest baseline phase ambiguity number is d, the calculation formulas of the other three baseline phase ambiguity numbers a, b and c are as follows:
L1，L2，L3，L4respectively representing an intermediate variable I, an intermediate variable II, an intermediate variable III and an intermediate variable IV in the calculation process;
step 6: according to the current resolved baseline phase ambiguity number, calculating a consistency evaluation function root mean square delta r under the current baseline phase ambiguity number, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
and 7: comparing the currently calculated uniformity evaluation function averaging root value with the calculation result of the initial or last uniformity evaluation function averaging root value, and outputting a baseline phase ambiguity number corresponding to the minimum value;
and 8: judging whether the cycle of the baseline phase ambiguity number is finished or not, wherein the judgment condition is that the cycle baseline phase ambiguity number reaches N, if not, continuing to start from the step 5, increasing the value of the longest baseline phase ambiguity number by 1, and if the cycle is finished, jumping out of the cycle;
and step 9: calculating the true value of the longest base line phase according to the finally output longest base line phase fuzzy number; the phase measured value +2 pi x fuzzy number is the true phase value;
step 10: the radiation source angle theta is calculated based on the deblurred long baseline phase values,
k is a wave vector, d0For the highest frequency corresponding to the wavelength, p4The longest baseline phase true value.
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