CN111044272B - High-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method and device based on big data technology - Google Patents

High-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method and device based on big data technology Download PDF

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CN111044272B
CN111044272B CN201911114156.1A CN201911114156A CN111044272B CN 111044272 B CN111044272 B CN 111044272B CN 201911114156 A CN201911114156 A CN 201911114156A CN 111044272 B CN111044272 B CN 111044272B
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sound
voltage circuit
circuit breaker
networked
recording device
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CN111044272A (en
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周刚
韩中杰
钱国良
傅进
高惠新
汤晓石
穆国平
费丽强
刘维亮
戚中译
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Jiaxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Jiaxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection, in particular to a high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method based on big data technology, which comprises the following steps: A) installing a networked recording device and a remote control sound generator; B) obtaining a distance calibration function; C) in the switching-on and switching-off process, sound waves with different frequencies are emitted, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data; D) analyzing the sound data to obtain the frequency change of the sound signal, and obtaining the displacement of the networked sound recording device according to the frequency change and the distance calibration function; E) and obtaining the displacement of the mechanical motion part in the switching-on and switching-off process so as to obtain the mechanical characteristic test result of the high-voltage circuit breaker. The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: the efficiency of high voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test has effectively been improved, has saved the experimental time of mechanical characteristic, and the unified detection result that makes the different high voltage circuit breakers of the same model in sampling position can direct horizontal contrast.

Description

High-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method and device based on big data technology
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection, in particular to a high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method and device based on a big data technology.
Background
The high-voltage circuit breaker is used for controlling a high-voltage circuit and is one of important electrical components in the high-voltage circuit. The circuit breaker is used for switching on or off a circuit in normal operation, and a fault condition quickly switches off the circuit under the action of a relay protection device, and a short-circuit current is reliably switched on under a special condition, such as automatic reclosing on a fault line. A high-voltage circuit breaker is a special appliance that switches on or off a high-voltage circuit under normal or fault conditions. The good working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is an important guarantee for ensuring the normal operation of a power grid. Thus, the high voltage circuit breaker needs to be periodically checked. At present, the detection of the high-voltage circuit breaker is finished manually, so that the efficiency is low, the cost is high, the detection is limited by the service level of a detector, the detection data cannot be checked in a networking mode, and the state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is difficult to master. The detection of the high-voltage circuit breaker is mainly divided into three phases of secondary circuit detection, mechanical characteristic detection and loop resistance test, wherein the mechanical characteristic detection consumes the longest time and is the most lack of standards. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method and a device for testing the mechanical characteristics of the high-voltage circuit breaker, which can detect the mechanical characteristics more quickly and accurately.
Chinese patent CN105277881B, published 2016, 9, 14, a multifunctional mechanical property testing device for high voltage vacuum circuit breaker, comprising: the simulation pull rod comprises a frame, a sleeve and a simulation pull rod, wherein the frame consists of an upper transverse plate, a lower transverse plate, a left upright post and a right upright post; the sleeve penetrates through and is fixed in the distance-adjusting through hole of the upper transverse plate, a linear displacement sensor and a small hole are arranged in a large hole of the sleeve for a signal input rod to penetrate through, the lower end of the sleeve is connected with a fixed force sensor, and the lower end of the signal input rod is connected with the upper end of the simulation pull rod; the upper end of the simulation pull rod is connected with a flange through threads, and the lower end of the simulation pull rod slidably penetrates through the guide hole of the upper transverse plate from the inside of the frame and extends downwards to be connected with the rotary bracket of the connecting rod of the circuit breaker; the speed sensor and the acceleration sensor are assembled on the large mounting hole and the small mounting hole of the flange. Although the displacement, speed, acceleration and counter-force data of the moving contact of the circuit breaker can be obtained by simultaneous measurement, the installation is complicated, and the detection process is complex and consumes long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problem that the mechanical characteristic detection efficiency of the existing high-voltage circuit breaker is low. The method and the device for testing the mechanical characteristics of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the big data technology are high in testing efficiency and better in accuracy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method based on big data technology comprises the following steps: A) the networked sound recording device is respectively arranged on mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a plurality of remote control sound generators are arranged in a shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and wave fronts of the remote control sound generators are spherical surfaces; B) calibrating a distance function between the networked sound recording device and each remote control sound generator along with the displacement of the mechanical moving part, wherein the distance function is called a distance calibration function; C) when a mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, the remote control sound generator is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process; D) analyzing sound data uploaded by all the networked sound recording devices, obtaining frequency change of sound signals obtained by the networked sound recording devices, and obtaining displacement of the networked sound recording devices at each moment in the opening and closing process according to the frequency change and a distance calibration function; E) and according to the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the switching-on and switching-off process, the displacement of the mechanical moving part in the switching-on and switching-off process is obtained, and further the mechanical characteristic test result of the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained. The wave front of the remote control sound wave generator is spherical, so that the change of the wave front of the sound wave of the networked recording device in the movement process is only determined by the displacement of the networked recording device relative to the remote control sound wave generator. For the remote control sound wave generator, the ultrasonic transducer with the spherical wave front is connected with the controller with the networking function. Literature royal acuity; royal beauty; europe and gourmet powder; (ii) a Research on spherical series acoustic source transducers [ A ] acoustic technology; as described in 2011, 6, 30, 3, a "spherical piezoelectric transducer" is a relatively common transducer, has the characteristics of simple structure, stable working performance, no directivity and the like, and is generally used as an omnidirectional transmitting transducer and a receiver, which indicates that a transducer with a spherical wavefront is a commonly known technology. Utilize networking recording device and remote control acoustic generator when taking place the displacement, the Doppler effect of sound, draw the sound signal that corresponds central frequency through narrowband filtering, obtain the change of frequency, both can confirm the relative displacement of networking recording device relative remote control acoustic generator, because the position of remote control acoustic generator is fixed and known, the route of networking recording device is known, therefore can obtain the displacement and the position of networking recording device at every moment, it can obtain its speed to derive, through the tracking to the position of every mechanical motion part, can obtain high voltage circuit breaker's mechanical properties, include: the switching-on and switching-off time, the in-phase synchronization, the interphase synchronization, the switching-on and switching-off metal short circuit time, the switching-on resistance input time, the bounce times, the auxiliary contact disconnection time, the just-off and just-on speed, the maximum speed, the total stroke, the distance opening stroke, the contact stroke, the overshoot stroke, the bounce amplitude and the switching-on resistance input time.
Preferably, step a) comprises: A1) enumerating mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and establishing a motion model of the high-voltage circuit breaker in a switching-on and switching-off process; A2) obtaining the longest point of the motion track of the mechanical motion part in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and selecting the position closest to the longest point of the motion track under the condition of permission of an installation means as the installation position of the networked sound recording device; A3) the installation position of the remote control sound wave generator is selected in the shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker, so that each networked recording device is always covered by the wave front of the remote control sound wave generator in the process of moving along with the mechanical moving part. Under the condition that the installation means allows, the position closest to the point with the longest motion track is used as the installation position of the networking sound recording device, so that the networking sound recording device has the largest motion track in the process of moving along with the mechanical motion part of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the accuracy of position detection can be improved.
Preferably, step a) further comprises: A4) the method comprises the steps of obtaining the high-voltage circuit breakers of the same model, respectively setting an installation support for each remote control sound wave generator, processing a connecting hole for fixing the installation supports on a shell of each high-voltage circuit breaker, recording the position of the connecting hole, processing the connecting hole at the same position of the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, and installing the corresponding installation support. Through installing support and record connecting hole position, can be convenient will far away accuse sound generator and install in same position, improve the degree of accuracy that the position detected.
Preferably, step a3) further comprises: A31) on the network recording device mounting position Si，i∈MOn the motion trajectory of Li，i∈MEqually spaced division reference points
Figure BDA0002273586310000038
M represents a motion track set, and a mounting position S of a remote control sound wave generator is addedo1(ii) a A32) If the installation means allows, make the value
Figure BDA0002273586310000033
Minimum, where M denotes the installation location of all networked sound recording devices, LiIndicates the mounting position SiThe motion trajectory of the moving object (c),
Figure BDA0002273586310000034
representing a reference point PijAnd mounting position So1Connecting line and installation position S of networked recording devicei，i∈MMovement locus LiThe included angle of the normal direction; A33) checking the movement locus L of the installation position of the networked recording devicei，i∈MIn the presence or absence of a mounting position S with a remote-controlled sound generatoro1Connecting the track section shielded by the high-voltage circuit breaker part, if the track section does not exist, ending the method, and installing the added installation position S of the remote control sound wave generatoro1～SonAs the mounting positions of the remote-controlled sound generators, n represents the number of mounting positions of the added remote-controlled sound generators, if any, step a34 is entered); A34) taking the shielded track section as a new motion track set, and adding an installation position S of a remote control sound wave generatoro2And repeating steps a32) to a33) until the method is ended in step a 33). The networking sound recording device is added, and has the maximum relative displacement with the remote control sound wave generator in the process of moving along with the mechanical moving part of the high-voltage circuit breaker, so that the accuracy of position detection can be improved.
Preferably, in step a34), extending overlapping segments are added at both ends of the occlusion track section to include a new motion track set. The extended overlapping section can reduce the requirement of the position precision of the remote control sound generator, quicken the determination of the position of the remote control sound generator and improve the accuracy of position detection.
Preferably, step B) comprises: B1) installation position S for acquiring networked recording devicei，i∈MMotion locus L ofi，i∈MAt the locus Li，i∈MEqually spaced division reference points
Figure BDA0002273586310000039
At the track Li，i∈MOne end of the two ends of the track is selected as a track starting point; B2) selecting a mounting position S of a remote-controlled sound generatorog，g∈NN represents a set of mounting positions of the remote-controlled sound wave generator; B3) calculating a reference point PijAnd SogDistance D ofijgCalculating a reference point PijAlong the movement track L with the track starting pointiIs a distance of
Figure BDA00022735863100000310
Order to
Figure BDA0002273586310000031
Fitting to obtain a distance DijgAt selection of SogLower pair
Figure BDA0002273586310000037
As the installation location S of the networked sound recording devicei，And select SogA distance calibration function of (d); B4) returning to step B2) until the installation positions S of all the remote control sound generators are traversedog，g∈N. Through the calibration function, the calculation in the mechanical characteristic test can be facilitated, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the networked sound recording device comprises an electret capacitor microphone, and the vibration direction of an electret film of the electret capacitor microphone is perpendicular to the motion track of the corresponding mechanical motion part. The vibration direction of the electret film is vertical to the motion track of the corresponding mechanical motion part, the influence of the motion and vibration of the mechanical motion part on the electret capacitor microphone can be reduced, and even if the influence exists, the electret film can be filtered in a filtering mode as long as the difference between the motion or vibration frequency of the mechanical motion part and the working frequency of the remote control sound generator is large.
Preferably, in the step a), a vibration sensor is further mounted on the mechanical moving part, a detection direction of the vibration sensor matches a vibration direction of the corresponding mechanical moving part when the high-voltage circuit breaker completes closing, and the vibration sensor has a function of storing and uploading detection data thereof or is connected with a device having the function. When the frequency of partial mechanical vibration is higher than the working frequency of a remote control sound generator, the sound data collected by the networked sound recording device cannot completely reflect the vibration of the mechanical moving part, the defects can be compensated through the vibration sensor, and the accuracy of detecting the vibration condition of the mechanical moving part is improved.
Preferably, the method also comprises the steps F) and F) of diagnosing the abrasion of the mechanical moving parts when the high-voltage circuit breaker is static; the method comprises the following steps: F1) when the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested is static, the remote control sound wave generator emits sound waves with preset frequency and lasts for a set time length; F2) starting a networked recording device to record and upload the collected sound data; F3) analyzing sound data uploaded by the networked sound recording device to obtain a phase relation between sound waves of the remote control sound generator; F4) reading a phase relation under a laboratory condition as a reference phase relation; F5) if the difference between the phase relation obtained in the step F3) and the reference phase relation is smaller than a set threshold value, the abrasion of the corresponding mechanical moving part is considered to be in a normal range, otherwise, the abrasion of the mechanical moving part is judged to be out of the normal range, and an alarm is sent out. The abrasion of the mechanical parts is difficult to obtain through manual measurement, the abrasion condition of the mechanical moving parts can be mastered through diagnosis of the abrasion of the mechanical moving parts, the accuracy and comprehensiveness of detection of the high-voltage circuit breaker are improved, and the reliability of the high-voltage circuit breaker is improved.
Preferably, step a) further comprises: after the networked sound recording device and the remote sound wave generator are installed under laboratory conditions, the remote sound wave generator is controlled to emit sound waves with preset frequency and continuously set time length, the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload collected sound data, the sound data uploaded by the networked sound recording device is analyzed, the phase relation between the sound waves of the remote sound wave generator is obtained and serves as a reference phase relation, after the networked sound recording device and the remote sound wave generator are installed on a high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, the steps F1) to F3) are executed once, the obtained phase relation is compared with the reference phase relation, if the difference between the newly obtained phase relation and the reference phase relation is smaller than a set threshold value, the installation and acceptance are passed, and otherwise, the networked sound recording device and the remote sound wave generator are installed again. The remote control sound generator and the networking recording device can be correctly installed through verification.
Preferably, in step C), the networked sound recording device samples the position offset of the vibration sensing element at a frequency n times higher than the highest sound wave frequency, wherein n is more than or equal to 10, a data stream is formed for storage, the data stream is associated with a time tag, and the data stream and the associated time tag are uploaded together as sound data. The n-time frequency sampling can improve the accuracy of a detection result, and is favorable for improving the reliability of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
Preferably, before the step C) is started, the remote control sound generator is controlled to emit sound waves with preset frequency and intensity for a preset time, the networked recording device records and uploads the acquired sound data, the acquired sound data is analyzed to obtain frequency components, namely the intensity of the frequency components, if the difference between the frequency components and the intensity calibrated under the laboratory condition is smaller than a set threshold value, the method is continuously executed, otherwise, the method is stopped and an alarm is emitted. Before the detection is started, whether the remote control sound wave generator and the networking recording device work normally or not is detected, if so, the test is carried out, otherwise, the test is stopped, and the time can be timely found and saved when the remote control sound wave generator or the networking recording device breaks down.
Preferably, step D) comprises: D1) obtaining a frequency set sent by all remote control sound wave generators; D2) with each frequency in the set as a center frequency and with a set bandwidth, respectively performing narrow-band filtering on the sound data to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form; D3) performing difference value fitting on the filtering result to obtain all wave crests of the filtering result; D4) counting the time difference between the two wave crests, wherein when the time difference is reduced, the networked recording device is close to the remote control sound generator emitting the corresponding frequency, and the close distance is the product of the time difference and the sound velocity; D5) and obtaining the position of the networked recording device at the corresponding moment by the distance calibration function, and further obtaining the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the switching-on and switching-off process. And extracting the sound signal corresponding to the central frequency through narrow-band filtering to obtain frequency data.
Preferably, in the step D1), the frequency spacing between the remote sound wave generators is greater than or equal to 5 times the set bandwidth in the step D2), and the sound waves emitted by the remote sound wave generators are all ultrasonic waves.
A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method based on big data technology comprises the following steps: a') the networking recording devices are respectively arranged on the mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a plurality of remote control sound generators are arranged in the shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the wave front of each remote control sound generator is spherical; b') when a mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the remote control sound generator is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process; c ') repeating the steps A ') to B ') for a plurality of times on the high-voltage circuit breakers which normally work in the same model, and obtaining a plurality of groups of sound data; d ') analyzing the sound data obtained in the step C'), obtaining the frequency composition waveform and the intensity of the sound data, and establishing a frequency composition waveform range on the high-voltage circuit breaker which normally works and a range of corresponding frequency component intensity as a normal reference range; e') when a mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the remote control sound generator is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process to be used as sound data to be judged; f') obtaining the waveform and the intensity of the frequency components of the sound data to be judged, comparing the waveform and the intensity with a normal reference range, judging that the mechanical part of the high-voltage circuit breaker works normally if the waveform and the intensity are within the normal reference range, otherwise, judging that the mechanical part of the high-voltage circuit breaker works abnormally, and giving an alarm. Through direct contrast sound data, whether the high voltage circuit breaker normally works of rapid judgement, saved the trouble of calculating each part displacement condition, can accelerate the detection efficiency to the high voltage circuit breaker of new dress, operating condition is good, ensure that its work is normal.
Preferably, in the step D '), the method for analyzing the sound data obtained in the step C') to obtain the frequency composition and intensity of the sound data comprises: d' 1) obtaining a frequency set emitted by all remote control sound wave generators; d' 2) respectively carrying out narrow-band filtering on the sound data by taking each frequency in the set as a central frequency and setting a bandwidth to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form; d' 3) performing difference fitting on the filtering result, wherein the fitting result is used as the waveform of the corresponding frequency component, and the intensity corresponding to the wave crest is used as the intensity of the corresponding frequency component. And extracting the sound signal corresponding to the central frequency through narrow-band filtering to obtain frequency data.
An apparatus for performing a mechanical characteristic testing method of a high voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as aforementioned, comprising: a server, a gateway, a networked recording device and a remote control sound generator, wherein the gateway is arranged on a high-voltage circuit breaker, the networked sound recording device and the remote control sound generator are both connected with the server through a gateway, the networked sound recording device comprises a sound sensor, an acquisition card, a memory, a battery and a communication unit, the sound sensor, the memory, the battery and the communication unit are all connected with the acquisition card, the acquisition card acquires data acquired by the sound sensor and uploads the data through the communication unit, the server controls the acquisition card to work or sleep through the communication unit, the remote control sound wave generator comprises a spherical ultrasonic transducer, a driving circuit, a battery, a communication unit and a controller, the spherical ultrasonic transducer is connected with the driving circuit, the battery and the communication unit are all connected with the controller, and the server enables the controller to control the spherical ultrasonic transducer to emit sound waves with set frequency through the driving circuit through the communication unit. The internal space of the shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker is enough, and the networking recording device and the remote control sound generator can be miniaturized properly. The quality of the mechanical motion part of the high-voltage circuit breaker is large, the requirement of the high-voltage circuit breaker on the motion stability of the mechanical motion part is not high, and the influence of the networked recording device on the normal work of the high-voltage circuit breaker is small. The networked recording device cannot be installed at a position directly contacted with the movable contact or too close to the movable contact, the networked recording device is installed in the area where the secondary equipment is located, and for mechanical moving parts which are not suitable for installing the networked recording device due to high-voltage limitation, the motion state of the mechanical moving parts is deduced by other mechanical moving parts.
Preferably, the communication unit is a communication unit adopting ZigBee, NB-IoT or LoRa protocol.
The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the displacement condition of the mechanical moving part of the high-voltage circuit breaker reflected by the change of sound frequency, the displacement of the mechanical moving part in the opening and closing test is obtained, the test of the mechanical characteristics of the high-voltage circuit breaker is completed, the efficiency of the mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is effectively improved, relevant equipment does not need to be dismantled after the test is completed, the time of the mechanical characteristic test is saved, the sampling positions uniformly enable the detection results of different high-voltage circuit breakers of the same type to be directly and transversely compared, and the establishment and early warning of a mechanical fault model of the high-voltage circuit breaker can be carried out through big data accumulation and comparison.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a mechanical characteristic testing method of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a method for selecting an installation location of a networked sound recording device according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a flow of a method for selecting an installation location of a remote-controlled sound generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining a distance calibration function according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a method for diagnosing wear of a mechanically moving part according to an embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining a displacement of a networked audio recording device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a high voltage circuit breaker in the prior art.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of mechanical moving parts of a high voltage circuit breaker in the prior art.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation position of a remote-controlled sound generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a flow chart of a mechanical characteristic testing method of the second high-voltage circuit breaker according to the embodiment.
Wherein: 101. the secondary equipment comprises 102 parts of secondary equipment, a protection device, 103 parts of switching-on and switching-off indication boards, 104 parts of switching-on and switching-off frequency indicators, 105 parts of transmission chains, 106 parts of driving motors, 107 parts of partition boards, 108 parts of upper wiring posts, 109 parts of lower wiring posts, 110 parts of main shafts, 111 parts of shells, 112 parts of energy storage springs, 113 parts of gearboxes, 114 parts of first connecting rods, 115 parts of second connecting rods, 116 parts of third connecting rods, 117 parts of crank arms, 118 parts of driven shafts, 119 parts of lever transmission parts, 120 parts of remote control sound wave generators.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a method for testing mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps: A) the networked sound recording devices are respectively installed on mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a plurality of remote control sound generators 120 are installed in a shell 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and wave fronts of the remote control sound generators 120 are spherical surfaces. After the networked sound recording device and the remote-control sound wave generator 120 are installed under laboratory conditions, the remote-control sound wave generator 120 is controlled to emit sound waves with preset frequency and continuously set time length, the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload collected sound data, the sound data uploaded by the networked sound recording device is analyzed, the phase relation between the sound waves of the remote-control sound wave generator 120 is obtained and used as a reference phase relation, after the networked sound recording device and the remote-control sound wave generator 120 are installed on a high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, the steps F1) to F3) are executed once, the obtained phase relation is compared with the reference phase relation, if the difference between the newly obtained phase relation and the reference phase relation is smaller than a set threshold value, the installation and acceptance are passed, otherwise, the networked sound recording device and the remote-control sound wave generator 120 are installed again. The remote control sound generator 120 and the networked recording device can be ensured to be correctly installed through verification.
As shown in fig. 7, the structure of the high voltage circuit breaker in the prior art generally includes a housing 111, a plurality of partitions 107 are disposed in the housing 111 to partition the internal space of the housing 111 into a plurality of chambers, and a secondary device 101 and mechanical moving parts are installed in the chambers. The mechanical motion parts comprise a separating brake action coil for separating brake action, a protection device 102 of a secondary circuit, a separating brake indication board 103 for indicating state and a separating brake frequency indicator 104. The mechanical motion device for closing comprises a driving motor 106, a gearbox 113, a transmission chain 105, an energy storage spring 112, a main shaft 110, a locking mechanism, a triggering mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a driven shaft 118, a crank arm 117 and a connecting rod III 116, wherein the driving motor 106 supplies power to the main shaft 110 through the gearbox 113 and the transmission chain 105, and the energy storage spring 112 is connected between the main shaft 110 and a shell 111. Before opening the brake, the driving motor 106 drives the main shaft 110 to rotate, the energy storage spring 112 stores energy, and the locking mechanism is locked. Then, the opening operation is carried out, and the circuit is disconnected. When a closing action is required after the brake is opened, the locking mechanism is unlocked, the energy storage spring 112 drives the main shaft 110 to rotate, as shown in fig. 8, the swing arm I on the main shaft 110 sequentially passes through the connecting rod I114, the lever transmission piece 119, the connecting rod II 115 and the swing arm II to drive the driven shaft 118 to rotate, the driven shaft 118 drives the connecting lever 117 and the connecting rod III 116 to move, the moving contact connected with the tail end of the connecting rod III 116 is driven to move upwards, the moving contact and the static contact are closed, and the circuit is conducted. The static contact is arranged on the upper part and is connected with an upper binding post 108; the moving contact is arranged at the lower part and is connected with the lower wiring column 109. During opening, the moving contact is opened by the gravity of the moving contact.
As shown in fig. 2, a1) enumerates mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and establishes a motion model of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the opening and closing process. A2) And obtaining the point with the longest motion track of the mechanical motion part in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and selecting the position closest to the point with the longest motion track as the installation position of the networked sound recording device under the condition of permission of the installation means. A3) Selection in a housing 111 of a high voltage circuit breakerThe installation position of the remote control sound generator 120 ensures that each networked sound recording device is always covered by the wave front of the remote control sound generator 120 in the process of moving random mechanical moving parts; as shown in fig. 3, includes: A31) on the network recording device mounting position Si，i∈MOn the motion trajectory of Li，i∈MEqually spaced division reference points
Figure BDA0002273586310000089
M represents a set of motion trajectories, adding a mounting location S for the remote controlled acoustic generator 120o1(ii) a A32) If the installation means allows, make the value
Figure BDA0002273586310000084
Minimum, where M denotes the installation location of all networked sound recording devices, LiIndicates the mounting position SiThe motion trajectory of the moving object (c),
Figure BDA0002273586310000085
representing a reference point PijAnd mounting position So1Connecting line and installation position S of networked recording devicei，i∈MMovement locus LiThe included angle of the normal direction; A33) checking the movement locus L of the installation position of the networked recording devicei，i∈MIn the presence or absence of a mounting position S with respect to the remote-controlled sound generator 120o1Connecting the track section shielded by the high-voltage circuit breaker part, if the track section does not exist, ending the method, and adding the installation position S of the remote control sound wave generator 120o1～SonAs the mounting positions of the remote-controlled sound generators 120, n represents the number of mounting positions of the remote-controlled sound generators 120 added, and if present, proceeds to step a 34). A34) Regarding the shielded track section as a new motion track set, adding an installation position S of the remote control sound wave generator 120o2And repeating the steps a32) to a33) until the method is ended in the step a33), adding extension overlapping segments at both ends of the occlusion track section to include a new motion track set. A4) Obtaining the high-voltage circuit breakers of the same type, respectively arranging a mounting bracket for each remote control sound generator 120, and processing the shell 111 of the high-voltage circuit breakerAnd recording the positions of the connecting holes in the connecting holes of the fixed mounting bracket, processing the connecting holes at the same positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, and mounting the corresponding mounting bracket. The wavefront of the remote-controlled sound generator 120 is spherical, so that the change of the wavefront of the sound wave of the networked sound recording device in the movement process is only determined by the displacement of the networked sound recording device relative to the remote-controlled sound generator 120. For the remote controlled acoustic generator 120, it is sufficient to connect the ultrasonic transducer with spherical wavefront with the controller with networking function. Literature royal acuity; royal beauty; europe and gourmet powder; (ii) a Study of spherical series Sound Source transducers [ A]Acoustic techniques; as described in 2011, 6, 30, 3, a "spherical piezoelectric transducer" is a relatively common transducer, has the characteristics of simple structure, stable working performance, no directivity and the like, and is generally used as an omnidirectional transmitting transducer and a receiver, which indicates that a transducer with a spherical wavefront is a commonly known technology.
B) The function of the distance between the displacement of the networked recording device along with the mechanical moving parts and each remote-controlled sound generator 120 is calibrated and called the distance calibration function. As shown in fig. 4, includes: B1) installation position S for acquiring networked recording devicei，i∈MMotion locus L ofi，i∈MAt the locus Li，i∈MEqually spaced division reference points
Figure BDA0002273586310000088
At the track Li，i∈MOne end of the two ends of the track is selected as a track starting point; B2) selecting a mounting location S for a remotely controlled acoustic wave generator 120og，g∈NN represents a set of installation positions of the remote-controlled sound wave generator 120; B3) calculating a reference point PijAnd SogDistance D ofijgCalculating a reference point PijAlong the movement track L with the track starting pointiIs a distance of
Figure BDA0002273586310000081
Order to
Figure BDA0002273586310000082
Fitting to obtain a distance DijgAt selection of SogLower pair
Figure BDA0002273586310000087
As the installation location S of the networked sound recording devicei，And select SogA distance calibration function of (d); B4) return to step B2) until the mounting positions S of all the remote-controlled sound generators 120 are traversedog，g∈N. Through the calibration function, the calculation in the mechanical characteristic test can be facilitated, and the detection efficiency is improved.
C) And controlling the remote control sound wave generator 120 to emit sound waves with preset frequency and intensity for a preset time, recording and uploading collected sound data by the networked sound recording device, analyzing the collected sound data to obtain frequency components, namely the intensity of the frequency components, continuing to execute the method if the difference between the frequency components and the intensity calibrated under the laboratory condition is smaller than a set threshold value, and otherwise, stopping the method and emitting an alarm. The networked sound recording device samples the position offset of the vibration sensing element at a frequency which is n times higher than the highest sound wave frequency, wherein n is more than or equal to 10, data stream storage is formed, the data stream is associated with the time label, and the data stream and the associated time label are uploaded together as sound data. When the mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, the remote control sound generator 120 is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process.
D) Analyzing the sound data uploaded by all the networked sound recording devices, obtaining the frequency change of the sound signals obtained by the networked sound recording devices, and obtaining the displacement of the networked sound recording devices at each moment in the opening and closing process according to the frequency change and the distance calibration function. As shown in fig. 6, step D) includes: D1) obtaining a set of frequencies emitted by all the remote controlled sound generators 120; D2) with each frequency in the set as a center frequency and with a set bandwidth, respectively performing narrow-band filtering on the sound data to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form; D3) performing difference value fitting on the filtering result to obtain all wave crests of the filtering result; D4) counting the time difference between the two wave crests, wherein when the time difference is reduced, the networked sound recording device is close to the remote control sound generator 120 emitting the corresponding frequency, and the close distance is the product of the time difference and the sound velocity; D5) and obtaining the position of the networked recording device at the corresponding moment by the distance calibration function, and further obtaining the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the switching-on and switching-off process. In step D1), the frequency distance between the remote sound wave generators 120 is greater than or equal to 5 times the set bandwidth in step D2), and the sound waves emitted by the remote sound wave generators 120 are all ultrasonic waves.
E) And according to the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the switching-on and switching-off process, the displacement of the mechanical moving part in the switching-on and switching-off process is obtained, and further the mechanical characteristic test result of the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained.
F) When the high-voltage circuit breaker is static, the wear of mechanical moving parts is diagnosed; as shown in fig. 5, includes: F1) when the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested is static, the remote control sound wave generator 120 emits sound waves with preset frequency and lasts for a set time length; F2) starting a networked recording device to record and upload the collected sound data; F3) analyzing the sound data uploaded by the networked sound recording device to obtain the phase relation between the sound waves of the remote control sound generator 120; F4) reading a phase relation under a laboratory condition as a reference phase relation; F5) if the difference between the phase relation obtained in the step F3) and the reference phase relation is smaller than a set threshold value, the abrasion of the corresponding mechanical moving part is considered to be in a normal range, otherwise, the abrasion of the mechanical moving part is judged to be out of the normal range, and an alarm is sent out.
When utilizing networking recording device and remote control sound wave generator 120 to take place the displacement, the Doppler effect of sound, through the sound signal of narrowband filtering extraction corresponding central frequency, obtain the change of frequency, both can confirm the relative displacement of networking recording device relative remote control sound wave generator 120, because remote control sound wave generator 120's fixed position is known, the route of networking recording device is known, therefore can obtain the displacement and the position of networking recording device at every moment, it can obtain its speed to derive, through the tracking to the position of every mechanical motion part, can obtain high voltage circuit breaker's mechanical properties, include: the switching-on and switching-off time, the in-phase synchronization, the interphase synchronization, the switching-on and switching-off metal short circuit time, the switching-on resistance input time, the bounce times, the auxiliary contact disconnection time, the just-off and just-on speed, the maximum speed, the total stroke, the distance opening stroke, the contact stroke, the overshoot stroke, the bounce amplitude and the switching-on resistance input time. The networked recording device comprises an electret capacitor microphone, and the vibration direction of an electret film of the electret capacitor microphone is vertical to the motion track of a corresponding mechanical motion part. The vibration direction of the electret film is perpendicular to the motion track of the corresponding mechanical motion part, so that the influence of the motion and vibration of the mechanical motion part on the electret condenser microphone can be reduced, and even if the influence exists, the electret condenser microphone can be filtered in a filtering mode as long as the difference between the motion or vibration frequency of the mechanical motion part and the working frequency of the remote control sound generator 120 is large.
An apparatus for performing a mechanical characteristic testing method of a high voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as aforementioned, comprising: the system comprises a server, a gateway, a networking recording device and a remote control sound generator 120, wherein the gateway is arranged on a high-voltage circuit breaker, the networking recording device and the remote control sound generator 120 are both connected with the server through the gateway, the networking recording device comprises a sound sensor, an acquisition card, a memory, a battery, a communication unit and a sound sensor, the storage, the battery and the communication unit are all connected with the acquisition card, the acquisition card acquires data acquired by the sound sensor and uploads the data through the communication unit, the server controls the acquisition card to work or sleep through the communication unit, the remote control sound generator 120 comprises a spherical ultrasonic transducer, a driving circuit, a battery, a communication unit and a controller, the spherical ultrasonic transducer is connected with the driving circuit, the battery and the communication unit are all connected with the controller, and the server enables the controller to control the spherical ultrasonic transducer to emit sound waves with set frequency through the driving circuit through the communication unit. The internal space of the housing 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker is enough, and the networking recording device and the remote control sound generator 120 can be miniaturized properly. The quality of the mechanical motion part of the high-voltage circuit breaker is large, the requirement of the high-voltage circuit breaker on the motion stability of the mechanical motion part is not high, and the influence of the networked recording device on the normal work of the high-voltage circuit breaker is small. The networked sound recording device cannot be installed at a position directly contacting with the movable contact or too close to the movable contact, and the networked sound recording device should be installed in the area of the secondary equipment 101, and for mechanical moving parts which are not suitable for installing the networked sound recording device due to high-voltage limitation, the motion state of the mechanical moving parts is deduced by other mechanical moving parts. The communication unit is a communication unit adopting ZigBee, NB-IoT or LoRa protocol.
Example two:
a method for testing mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 10, and comprises the following steps: a') the networked recording devices are respectively installed on the mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a plurality of remote control sound generators 120 are installed in the shell 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the wave front of the remote control sound generators 120 is spherical; b') when the mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the remote control sound generator 120 is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process; c ') repeating the steps A ') to B ') for a plurality of times on the high-voltage circuit breakers which normally work in the same model, and obtaining a plurality of groups of sound data; d ') analyzing the sound data obtained in the step C'), obtaining the frequency composition waveform and the intensity of the sound data, and establishing a frequency composition waveform range on the high-voltage circuit breaker which normally works and a range of corresponding frequency component intensity as a normal reference range; e') when the mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the remote control sound generator 120 is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process to be used as sound data to be judged; f') obtaining the waveform and the intensity of the frequency components of the sound data to be judged, comparing the waveform and the intensity with a normal reference range, judging that the mechanical part of the high-voltage circuit breaker works normally if the waveform and the intensity are within the normal reference range, otherwise, judging that the mechanical part of the high-voltage circuit breaker works abnormally, and giving an alarm. Through direct contrast sound data, whether the high voltage circuit breaker normally works of rapid judgement, saved the trouble of calculating each part displacement condition, can accelerate the detection efficiency to the high voltage circuit breaker of new dress, operating condition is good, ensure that its work is normal.
In step D '), the method of analyzing the sound data obtained in step C') to obtain the frequency composition and intensity of the sound data includes: d' 1) obtaining a set of frequencies emitted by all remote controlled sound generators 120; d' 2) respectively carrying out narrow-band filtering on the sound data by taking each frequency in the set as a central frequency and setting a bandwidth to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form; d' 3) performing difference fitting on the filtering result, wherein the fitting result is used as the waveform of the corresponding frequency component, and the intensity corresponding to the wave crest is used as the intensity of the corresponding frequency component. And extracting the sound signal corresponding to the central frequency through narrow-band filtering to obtain frequency data.
Step a') comprises: a' 1) enumerating mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and establishing a moving model of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the opening and closing process; a' 2) obtaining the point with the longest motion track of the mechanical motion part in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and selecting the position which is closest to the point with the longest motion track under the condition allowed by the installation means as the installation position of the networking sound recording device; a' 3) selecting the installation position of the remote-controlled acoustic generator 120 in the housing 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, so that each networked recording device is always covered by the wave front of the remote-controlled acoustic generator 120 in the process of moving along with the mechanical moving parts; a' 4) obtaining high-voltage circuit breakers of the same model, respectively arranging an installation support for each remote control sound wave generator 120, processing a connecting hole for fixing the installation support on a shell 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, recording the position of the connecting hole, processing the connecting hole at the same position of the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, and installing the corresponding installation support.
Step a' 3) comprises: a' 31) at the installation location S of the networked sound recording devicei，i∈MOn the motion trajectory of Li，i∈MEqually spaced division reference points
Figure BDA0002273586310000111
M represents a motion trajectory set, adding one distanceMounting position S of sound control wave generator 120o1(ii) a A' 32) is allowed by the installation means, so that the value
Figure BDA0002273586310000112
Minimum, where M denotes the installation location of all networked sound recording devices, LiIndicates the mounting position SiThe motion trajectory of the moving object (c),
Figure BDA0002273586310000113
representing a reference point PijAnd mounting position So1Connecting line and installation position S of networked recording devicei，i∈MMovement locus LiThe included angle of the normal direction; a' 33) checking a movement locus L at a mounting position of the networked sound recording apparatusi，i∈MIn the presence or absence of a mounting position S with respect to the remote-controlled sound generator 120o1Connecting the track section shielded by the high-voltage circuit breaker part, if the track section does not exist, ending the method, and adding the installation position S of the remote control sound wave generator 120o1～SonAs the mounting positions of the remote-controlled sound-wave generators 120, n represents the number of mounting positions of the remote-controlled sound-wave generators 120 added, if any, step a 34); a' 34) regarding the occlusion track section as a new motion track set, adding a mounting position S of the remote control sound wave generator 120o2And repeating the steps A ' 32) to A ' 33) until the method is finished in the step A ' 33), adding extension overlapping sections at both ends of the occlusion track section and incorporating a new motion track set.
Step B') comprises: b' 1) obtaining the installation position S of the networked recording devicei，i∈MMotion locus L ofi，i∈MAt the locus Li，i∈MEqually spaced division reference points
Figure BDA0002273586310000126
At the track Li，i∈MOne end of the two ends of the track is selected as a track starting point; b' 2) selecting a mounting position S of the remote-controlled sound generator 120og，g∈NN represents a set of installation positions of the remote-controlled sound wave generator 120; b' 3) calculating the reference point PijAnd SogDistance D ofijgCalculating a reference point PijAlong the movement track L with the track starting pointiIs a distance of
Figure BDA0002273586310000125
Order to
Figure BDA0002273586310000121
Fitting to obtain a distance DijgAt selection of SogLower pair
Figure BDA0002273586310000124
As the installation location S of the networked sound recording devicei，And select SogA distance calibration function of (d); b '4) returning to step B' 2) until the installation positions S of all the remote sound generators 120 are traversedog，g∈N。
Step D') comprises: d' 1) obtaining a set of frequencies emitted by all remote controlled sound generators 120; d' 2) respectively carrying out narrow-band filtering on the sound data by taking each frequency in the set as a central frequency and setting a bandwidth to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form; d' 3) performing difference fitting on the filtering result to obtain all wave crests of the filtering result; d' 4) counting the time difference between the two wave crests, wherein when the time difference is reduced, the networked recording device is close to the remote control sound generator 120 emitting the corresponding frequency, and the close distance is the product of the time difference and the sound velocity; d' 5) obtaining the position of the networked recording device at the corresponding moment by the distance calibration function, and further obtaining the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the opening and closing process. In step D '1), the frequency interval between the remote-controlled sound generators 120 is greater than or equal to 5 times the set bandwidth in step D' 2), and the sound waves emitted by the remote-controlled sound generators 120 are all ultrasonic waves.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.

Claims (18)

1. A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method based on big data technology is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
A) the networked sound recording device is respectively arranged on mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a plurality of remote control sound generators are arranged in a shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and wave fronts of the remote control sound generators are spherical surfaces;
B) calibrating a distance function between the networked sound recording device and each remote control sound generator along with the displacement of the mechanical moving part, wherein the distance function is called a distance calibration function;
C) when a mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, the remote control sound generator is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process;
D) analyzing sound data uploaded by all the networked sound recording devices, obtaining frequency change of sound signals obtained by the networked sound recording devices, and obtaining displacement of the networked sound recording devices at each moment in the opening and closing process according to the frequency change and a distance calibration function;
E) and according to the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the switching-on and switching-off process, the displacement of the mechanical moving part in the switching-on and switching-off process is obtained, and further the mechanical characteristic test result of the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained.
2. The mechanical characteristic test method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as claimed in claim 1,
the step A) comprises the following steps:
A1) enumerating mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and establishing a motion model of the high-voltage circuit breaker in a switching-on and switching-off process;
A2) obtaining the longest point of the motion track of the mechanical motion part in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and selecting the position closest to the longest point of the motion track under the condition of permission of an installation means as the installation position of the networked sound recording device;
A3) the installation position of the remote control sound wave generator is selected in the shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker, so that each networked recording device is always covered by the wave front of the remote control sound wave generator in the process of moving along with the mechanical moving part.
3. The mechanical characteristic test method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as claimed in claim 2,
step A) also includes:
A4) the method comprises the steps of obtaining the high-voltage circuit breakers of the same model, respectively setting an installation support for each remote control sound wave generator, processing a connecting hole for fixing the installation supports on a shell of each high-voltage circuit breaker, recording the position of the connecting hole, processing the connecting hole at the same position of the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, and installing the corresponding installation support.
4. A method for testing mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology according to claim 2 or 3,
step a3) further comprises:
A31) on the installation position of the networked recording device
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On the motion track of
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Equally spaced division reference points
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，
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Representing a motion track set, adding a remote control sound generator mounting position
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；
A32) If the installation means allows, make the value
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At a minimum, wherein
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Indicating the installation location of all of the networked sound recording devices,
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indicating the mounting location
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The motion trajectory of the moving object (c),
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indicating reference points
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And mounting location
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Connecting line and installation position of networked recording device
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Motion trail
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The included angle of the normal direction;
A33) checking the movement track of the installation position of the networked recording device
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In the presence or absence of a mounting position for a remote-controlled sound generator
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Track sections with wires shielded by high-voltage circuit-breaker parts, if notIf the existing remote control sound wave generator exists, the method is ended, and the installation position of the added remote control sound wave generator is used
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As the installation position of the remote control sound wave generator,
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indicating the number of mounting positions of the added remote controlled sound generators, if any, proceeding to step a 34);
A34) taking the shielded track section as a new motion track set, and adding an installation position of a remote control sound wave generator
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And repeating steps a32) to a33) until the method is ended in step a 33).
5. The mechanical characteristic test method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as claimed in claim 4,
in step a34), extending and overlapping sections are added at both ends of the occlusion track section to include a new motion track set.
6. The mechanical characteristic test method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as claimed in claim 4,
the step B) comprises the following steps:
B1) installation position for obtaining networked recording device
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Motion track of
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At the track
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Equally spaced division reference points
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At the track
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One end of the two ends of the track is selected as a track starting point;
B2) selecting a remote control sound generator installation position
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，
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A set representing mounting positions of the remote-controlled acoustic-wave generators;
B3) calculating reference points
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And
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is a distance of
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Calculating a reference point
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Along the movement track with the track starting point
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Is a distance of
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Let us order
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Fitting to obtain a distance
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At the time of selection
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Lower pair
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Function of (2)
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As mounting positions for networked recording devices
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And is selected
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A distance calibration function of (d);
B4) returning to the step B2) until all the installation positions of the remote control sound generators are traversed
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。
7. A method for testing the mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
the networked recording device comprises an electret capacitor microphone, and the vibration direction of an electret film of the electret capacitor microphone is vertical to the motion track of a corresponding mechanical motion part.
8. The mechanical characteristic test method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as claimed in claim 6,
in the step A), a vibration sensor is further mounted on the mechanical motion part, the detection direction of the vibration sensor is matched with the vibration direction of the corresponding mechanical motion part when the high-voltage circuit breaker is closed, and the vibration sensor has a function of storing and uploading detection data of the vibration sensor or is connected with a device with the function.
9. A method for testing the mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
further comprising a step F),
F) when the high-voltage circuit breaker is static, the wear of mechanical moving parts is diagnosed;
the method comprises the following steps:
F1) when the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested is static, the remote control sound wave generator emits sound waves with preset frequency and lasts for a set time length;
F2) starting a networked recording device to record and upload the collected sound data;
F3) analyzing sound data uploaded by the networked sound recording device to obtain a phase relation between sound waves of the remote control sound generator;
F4) reading a phase relation under a laboratory condition as a reference phase relation;
F5) if the difference between the phase relation obtained in the step F3) and the reference phase relation is smaller than a set threshold value, the abrasion of the corresponding mechanical moving part is considered to be in a normal range, otherwise, the abrasion of the mechanical moving part is judged to be out of the normal range, and an alarm is sent out.
10. The mechanical characteristic test method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology as claimed in claim 9,
step A) also includes:
after the networked sound recording device and the remote sound wave generator are installed under laboratory conditions, the remote sound wave generator is controlled to emit sound waves with preset frequency and continuously set time length, the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload collected sound data, the sound data uploaded by the networked sound recording device is analyzed, the phase relation between the sound waves of the remote sound wave generator is obtained and serves as a reference phase relation, after the networked sound recording device and the remote sound wave generator are installed on a high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, the steps F1) to F3) are executed once, the obtained phase relation is compared with the reference phase relation, if the difference between the newly obtained phase relation and the reference phase relation is smaller than a set threshold value, the installation and acceptance are passed, and otherwise, the networked sound recording device and the remote sound wave generator are installed again.
11. A method for testing the mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
in step C), the networked recording devices are operated at a frequency higher than the maximum sound frequency
Figure 455315DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
The position offset of the vibration sensing element is sampled at multiple frequencies,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
the data stream is stored, the data stream is associated with a time tag, and the data stream and the associated time tag are uploaded together as audio data.
12. A method for testing the mechanical characteristics of a high-voltage circuit breaker based on big data technology according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
and C) before the start of the step C), controlling the remote control sound generator to emit sound waves with preset frequency and intensity for a preset time, recording and uploading the acquired sound data by the networked recording device, analyzing the acquired sound data to obtain frequency components, namely the intensity of the frequency components, continuing to execute the method if the difference between the frequency components and the intensity calibrated under the laboratory condition is smaller than a set threshold value, and otherwise, terminating the method and emitting an alarm.
13. The method for testing the mechanical characteristics of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the big data technology as claimed in claim 11,
the step D) comprises the following steps:
D1) obtaining a frequency set sent by all remote control sound wave generators;
D2) with each frequency in the set as a center frequency and with a set bandwidth, respectively performing narrow-band filtering on the sound data to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form;
D3) performing difference value fitting on the filtering result to obtain all wave crests of the filtering result;
D4) counting the time difference between the two wave crests, wherein when the time difference is reduced, the networked recording device is close to the remote control sound generator emitting the corresponding frequency, and the close distance is the product of the time difference and the sound velocity;
D5) and obtaining the position of the networked recording device at the corresponding moment by the distance calibration function, and further obtaining the displacement of the networked recording device at each moment in the switching-on and switching-off process.
14. The method for testing the mechanical characteristics of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the big data technology as claimed in claim 13,
in the step D1), the frequency distance between the remote control sound wave generators is more than or equal to 5 times of the set bandwidth in the step D2), and the sound waves emitted by the remote control sound wave generators are all ultrasonic waves.
15. A high-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method based on big data technology is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
a') the networking recording devices are respectively arranged on the mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a plurality of remote control sound generators are arranged in the shell of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the wave front of each remote control sound generator is spherical;
b') when a mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the remote control sound generator is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process;
c ') repeating the steps A ') to B ') for a plurality of times on the high-voltage circuit breakers which normally work in the same model, and obtaining a plurality of groups of sound data;
d ') analyzing the sound data obtained in the step C'), obtaining the frequency composition waveform and the intensity of the sound data, and establishing a frequency composition waveform range on the high-voltage circuit breaker which normally works and a range of corresponding frequency component intensity as a normal reference range;
e') when a mechanical characteristic test of the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out, in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the remote control sound generator is controlled to continuously emit sound waves with different frequencies, and the networked sound recording device is started to record and upload sound data collected in the switching-on and switching-off process to be used as sound data to be judged;
f') obtaining the waveform and the intensity of the frequency components of the sound data to be judged, comparing the waveform and the intensity with a normal reference range, judging that the mechanical part of the high-voltage circuit breaker works normally if the waveform and the intensity are within the normal reference range, otherwise, judging that the mechanical part of the high-voltage circuit breaker works abnormally, and sending an alarm;
step a') comprises: a' 1) enumerating mechanical moving parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and establishing a moving model of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the opening and closing process; a' 2) obtaining the point with the longest motion track of the mechanical motion part in the switching-on and switching-off process of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and selecting the position which is closest to the point with the longest motion track under the condition allowed by the installation means as the installation position of the networking sound recording device; a' 3) selecting the installation position of the remote-controlled acoustic generator 120 in the housing 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, so that each networked recording device is always covered by the wave front of the remote-controlled acoustic generator 120 in the process of moving along with the mechanical moving parts; a' 4) obtaining high-voltage circuit breakers of the same model, respectively arranging an installation support for each remote control sound generator 120, processing a connecting hole for fixing the installation supports on a shell 111 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, recording the position of the connecting hole, processing the connecting hole at the same position of the high-voltage circuit breaker to be tested, and installing the corresponding installation support;
step a' 3) comprises: a' 31) at the installation position of the networked sound recording device
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
On the motion track of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
Equally spaced division reference points
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Representing a set of motion trajectories, adding a mounting location for a remote controlled sonic generator 120
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
(ii) a A' 32) is allowed by the installation means, so that the value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
At a minimum, wherein
Figure 283770DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Indicating the installation location of all of the networked sound recording devices,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
indicating the mounting location
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
The motion trajectory of the moving object (c),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
indicating reference points
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
And mounting location
Figure 51000DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
Connecting line and installation position of networked recording device
Figure 752240DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
Motion trail
Figure 727149DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
The included angle of the normal direction; a' 33) checking the movement locus at the installation position of the networked sound recording apparatus
Figure 881050DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
In the presence or absence of a mounting location with respect to the remote-controlled sound generator 120
Figure 966817DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
Connecting the track section shielded by the high-voltage circuit breaker part, if the track section does not exist, ending the method, and installing the added installation position of the remote control sound wave generator 120
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
As a mounting position of the remote-controlled sound generator 120,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
indicating the number of installed positions of the added remote controlled acoustic wave generators 120, if any, proceeding to step a 34); a' 34) regarding the occlusion track section as a new motion track set, adding a mounting position of the remote control sound wave generator 120
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
And repeating the steps A ' 32) to A ' 33) until the method is finished in the step A ' 33), adding extension overlapping sections at both ends of the occlusion track section and incorporating a new motion track set.
16. The method for testing the mechanical characteristics of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the big data technology as claimed in claim 15,
in step D '), the method of analyzing the sound data obtained in step C') to obtain the frequency composition and intensity of the sound data includes:
d' 1) obtaining a frequency set emitted by all remote control sound wave generators;
d' 2) respectively carrying out narrow-band filtering on the sound data by taking each frequency in the set as a central frequency and setting a bandwidth to obtain a plurality of filtering results, wherein the filtering results are in a discrete form;
d' 3) performing difference fitting on the filtering result, wherein the fitting result is used as the waveform of the corresponding frequency component, and the intensity corresponding to the wave crest is used as the intensity of the corresponding frequency component.
17. An apparatus for performing a high voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test method based on big data technology according to any of claims 1 to 16,
the method comprises the following steps: the network sound recorder comprises a server, a gateway, a network sound recorder and a remote control sound generator, wherein the gateway is arranged on a high-voltage circuit breaker, the network sound recorder and the remote control sound generator are both connected with the server through the gateway,
the networked sound recording device comprises a sound sensor, an acquisition card, a storage, a battery and a communication unit, wherein the sound sensor, the storage, the battery and the communication unit are all connected with the acquisition card, the acquisition card acquires data acquired by the sound sensor and uploads the data through the communication unit, the server controls the acquisition card to work or sleep through the communication unit,
the remote control sound wave generator comprises a spherical ultrasonic transducer, a driving circuit, a battery, a communication unit and a controller, wherein the spherical ultrasonic transducer is connected with the driving circuit, the battery and the communication unit are all connected with the controller, and the server enables the controller to control the spherical ultrasonic transducer to emit sound waves with set frequency through the driving circuit through the communication unit.
18. An apparatus according to claim 17,
the communication unit is a communication unit adopting ZigBee, NB-IoT or LoRa protocol.
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