CN111043962A - Ball seat painting area for automobile ball hinge joint and partition detection method thereof - Google Patents
Ball seat painting area for automobile ball hinge joint and partition detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111043962A CN111043962A CN201911395057.5A CN201911395057A CN111043962A CN 111043962 A CN111043962 A CN 111043962A CN 201911395057 A CN201911395057 A CN 201911395057A CN 111043962 A CN111043962 A CN 111043962A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
- G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
Abstract
The invention provides a ball seat painting area for an automobile ball hinge and a partition detection method thereof.A gray camera is used for obtaining a painted ball seat top view, all pixel points of the top view are traversed under a Matlab environment, and a two-dimensional gray image of the ball seat is respectively subjected to primary division and secondary division according to the gray values of the pixel points so as to determine a painting boundary line and form secondary boundary lines with different gray steps in the boundary line; and in three-dimensional drawing software, projecting all boundary lines in the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface along the central axis direction of the ball seat, thereby determining the paint area of the ball seat and the area percentage of areas with different fitting degrees in the whole paint area. The invention solves the problems of non-uniform inspection standard and poor detection stability of the ball seat product caused by judging the painting area by manual experience, and further solves the problem of large error caused by low boundary identification degree of the color digital image by adopting a gray image instead of the color digital image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ball seat painting and sectional detection technology of a ball hinge structure, in particular to a painting area of a ball pin and ball seat contact area in a series of ball hinges of an automobile suspension, a swing arm and a bogie and a sectional detection method of the area of the ball pin and ball seat contact area.
Background
The ball pivot products in the mechanical field, in particular in the automotive field, are mainly composed of a ball pin, a ball seat and a ball sleeve, wherein the outer spherical surface of the ball pin and the inner spherical surface of the ball seat are in contact with each other to form a spherical friction pair, and the contact area of the spherical friction pair is mainly determined by the material composition, the size process, the matching degree and other factors of the ball seat and the ball pin.
Under the normal condition, the ball seat is made of a high polymer plastic product, the ball pin and the ball sleeve are made of common carbon steel, and the high polymer plastic product is more easily deformed (environmental factors mainly include temperature, humidity, chemical corrosion and the size of a load) due to the influence of the environment compared with the common carbon steel, so that the detection of various sizes of the ball seat is particularly important for ensuring the safety, reliability and stable performance of the ball hinge structure. The method is an important detection method in the field, and aims to provide important data reference for a ball hinge performance test by detecting the contact area size and the area distribution of the inner spherical surface of the ball seat and the outer spherical surface of the ball pin, wherein the larger the contact area is, the more uniform the fitting degree is, the longer the fatigue life is, and the lower the risk of local fatigue fracture is. At present, when the paint area and the partition condition of the ball seat are detected, human eyes are mostly adopted to judge the paint area and further judge the size of each area in the paint area based on personal experience, and due to the fact that the detection method of artificial estimation is strong in subjectivity and the detection standards are not uniform, the detection stability of ball seat products is poor easily.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a ball seat painting area measuring method based on an image digital processing technology and a painting area partition detection method, which solve the problems of non-uniform detection standard and poor detection stability of ball seat products caused by judging the painting area by manual experience in the prior art, and further solve the problem of large judgment error of a boundary line caused by low boundary identification degree of a color digital image by adopting a gray image instead of the color digital image.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a ball seat scribbles colored area detection method for car ball hinge which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) clamping the ball pin with the outer spherical surface uniformly painted into the ball seat, and installing the ball seat in the ball sleeve and riveting and fixing the ball seat through the cover plate to form a complete spherical hinge structure;
(b) clamping and fixing the spherical hinge structure, and simultaneously rotating the ball pin for 720 degrees clockwise and anticlockwise respectively by using a torque wrench with the central axis of the spherical surface of the ball seat as a rotation axis; then cutting a riveting seam formed by riveting of the spherical hinge structure, and taking out the ball seat which is in contact with the ball pin and forms a certain color coating area on the inner spherical surface;
(c) fixedly placing the painted ball seat on a horizontal plane, and obtaining a top view of the ball seat by using a gray camera to obtain a two-dimensional gray image of the top view of the ball seat;
(d) preprocessing the two-dimensional gray image in a Matlab environment to remove noise in the image;
(e) in a Matlab environment, taking the preprocessed two-dimensional gray image as input, traversing each pixel point in the image, performing primary division on the whole gray image to determine a closed loop boundary line of a painting area, and outputting coordinates of each pixel point forming the closed loop boundary line;
(f) selecting an upper view in three-dimensional drawing software as a reference surface for draft drawing according to the pixel point coordinate value of the boundary line in the two-dimensional gray image, drawing a two-dimensional image containing the boundary line, and determining a positioning reference of a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(g) obtaining the radius and height value of the inner spherical surface which are the same as those of the ball seat model according to the positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat so as to draw the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(h) projecting the boundary line in the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface along the central axis direction of the ball seat; calculating the total area contained in the boundary line region of the closed loop on the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface through three-dimensional drawing software;
preferably, the two-dimensional gray image is preprocessed in the step (d), noise points in the image are removed by adopting a noise reduction filter, and the gray values of the pixel points with the gray values lower than 3 are reset to be 0.
Preferably, the gray value of the pixel point where the closed-loop boundary line in step (e) is not 0, and at least one of the gray values of the adjacent pixel points is 0, so that the pixel point is one of the pixel points where the closed-loop boundary line is located.
Preferably, the area of the closed region formed by the boundary line in the step (e) is not less than 75% of the area of the whole inner spherical surface of the ball seat, otherwise, the inner spherical surface of the ball seat is not qualified to fit with the ball pin; and (g) the radius and height of the three-dimensional theoretical sphere in the step (g) are directly obtained through the measured data of the ball seat.
The invention also provides a subarea detection method for the ball seat painting area of the automobile ball hinge joint, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) clamping the ball pin with the outer spherical surface uniformly painted into the ball seat, and installing the ball seat in the ball sleeve and riveting and fixing the ball seat through the cover plate to form a complete spherical hinge structure;
(b) clamping and fixing the spherical hinge structure, and simultaneously rotating the ball pin for 720 degrees clockwise and anticlockwise respectively by using a torque wrench with the central axis of the spherical surface of the ball seat as a rotation axis; then cutting a riveting seam formed by riveting of the spherical hinge structure, and taking out the ball seat which is in contact with the ball pin and has formed a certain color coating area on the inner spherical surface;
(c) fixedly placing the painted ball seat on a horizontal plane, and obtaining a top view of the ball seat by using a gray camera to obtain a two-dimensional gray image of the top view of the ball seat;
(d) preprocessing the two-dimensional gray image in a Matlab environment to remove noise in the image;
(e) in a Matlab environment, taking the preprocessed two-dimensional gray image as input, traversing each pixel point in the image, performing primary division on the whole gray image to determine a closed loop boundary line of a painting area, and outputting coordinates of each pixel point forming the closed loop boundary line;
(f) classifying the painting areas in the boundary lines, and sequentially dividing each pixel point in the painting areas into steps according to the gray value from small to large, wherein different steps represent different fitting degrees; performing secondary division on the regions with different fitting degrees, and determining a boundary curve of each fitting degree region;
(g) according to the pixel point coordinate values of the boundary lines obtained by the primary division and the secondary division in the two-dimensional gray image, selecting an upper view in three-dimensional drawing software as a reference surface for draft drawing, and drawing the two-dimensional image containing the boundary lines; determining a positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(h) obtaining the radius and height value of the inner spherical surface which are the same as those of the ball seat model according to the positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat so as to draw the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat; projecting all boundary curves in the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface along the central axis direction of the ball seat, and marking the steps of different fitness areas surrounded by the boundary curves on the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface;
(i) and calculating the area occupied by the different fitting degree areas of the spherical surface in the ball seat and the area percentage of the different fitting degree areas in the whole color coating area in three-dimensional drawing software.
Preferably, in the step (d), the original gray image is denoised, noise points in the image are removed by adopting a denoising filter, and the gray values of the pixels with the gray values lower than 3 are reset to be 0.
Preferably, the area of the closed region formed by the boundary line in the step (e) is not less than 75% of the area of the whole inner spherical surface of the ball seat, otherwise, the inner spherical surface of the ball seat is not qualified to fit with the ball pin; and (h) directly obtaining the radius and height values of the three-dimensional theoretical sphere from the measured data of the ball seat.
Preferably, the gray value of the pixel point where the closed-loop boundary line in step (e) is not 0, and at least one of the gray values of the adjacent pixel points is 0, so that the pixel point is one of the pixel points where the closed-loop boundary line is located.
Preferably, the number of the steps in the step (f) is 5 in total, and the steps are sequentially sorted into a first step, a second step, a third step, a fourth step and a fifth step from small to large according to the gray value; the gray scale value range of the first step is 1-51, the gray scale value range of the second step is 52-102, the gray scale value range of the third step is 103-153, the gray scale value range of the fourth step is 154-204, and the gray scale value range of the fifth step is 205-255.
Preferably, the three-dimensional drawing software in step (g) is PROE, SOLIDWORKS or INVENTOR.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the color coating area of the inner spherical surface of the ball seat is detected by utilizing the existing image digital processing technology, the contact area of the color coating area and the outer spherical surface of the ball pin is divided for the second time, different fitting degrees of all areas of the inner spherical surface of the ball seat are calculated, important data support is provided for a ball hinge performance test (such as a fatigue test), the subjectivity of manual judgment and the uncertainty of a judgment standard are avoided, the detection efficiency of the ball hinge performance test is also improved, the judgment result is objective and reliable, the implementation cost is low, and the operability is strong. Furthermore, the invention adopts the gray level image instead of the color digital image, solves the problem of large boundary line judgment error caused by low boundary identification degree of the color digital image, and finally improves the detection accuracy of the color coating area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional spherical hinge structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axial view of the tee structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the tee structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first level division of the coloring effect of the ball seat of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the two-level division of the coloring effect of the ball seat of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a process of projecting a boundary line in a two-dimensional image of a painted ball seat to a three-dimensional theoretical sphere.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a ball seat scribbles colored area detection method for car ball hinge which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) clamping the ball pin with the outer spherical surface uniformly painted into the ball seat, and installing the ball seat in the ball sleeve and riveting and fixing the ball seat through the cover plate to form a complete spherical hinge structure;
(b) clamping and fixing the spherical hinge structure, and simultaneously rotating the ball pin by 720 degrees or 1080 degrees clockwise and anticlockwise by using a torque wrench with the central axis of the spherical surface of the ball seat as a rotation axis; then cutting a riveting seam formed by riveting of the spherical hinge structure, and taking out the ball seat which is in contact with the ball pin and forms a certain color coating area on the inner spherical surface;
(c) fixedly placing the painted ball seat on a horizontal plane, and obtaining a top view of the ball seat by using a gray camera to obtain a two-dimensional gray image of the top view of the ball seat;
(d) preprocessing the two-dimensional gray image in a Matlab environment to remove noise in the image;
(e) in a Matlab environment, taking the preprocessed two-dimensional gray image as input, traversing each pixel point in the image, performing primary division on the whole gray image to determine a closed loop boundary line of a painting area, and outputting coordinates of each pixel point forming the closed loop boundary line;
(f) selecting an upper view in three-dimensional drawing software as a reference surface for draft drawing according to the pixel point coordinate value of the boundary line in the two-dimensional gray image, drawing a two-dimensional image containing the boundary line, and determining a positioning reference of a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(g) obtaining the radius and height value of the inner spherical surface which are the same as those of the ball seat model according to the positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat so as to draw the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(h) projecting the boundary line in the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface along the central axis direction of the ball seat; and calculating the total area contained in the boundary line region of the closed loop on the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface through three-dimensional drawing software.
Preferably, the two-dimensional gray image is preprocessed in the step (d), noise points in the image are removed by adopting a noise reduction filter, and the gray values of the pixel points with the gray values lower than 1, 2 or 3 are reset to be 0.
Preferably, the gray value of the pixel point where the closed-loop boundary line in step (e) is not 0, and at least one of the gray values of the adjacent pixel points is 0, so that the pixel point is one of the pixel points where the closed-loop boundary line is located.
Preferably, the area of the closed region formed by the boundary line in the step (e) is not less than 70% or 75% or 80% of the whole ball seat inner spherical surface area, otherwise the ball seat inner spherical surface is not considered to fit with the ball pin; and (g) the radius and height of the three-dimensional theoretical sphere in the step (g) are directly obtained through the measured data of the ball seat.
The invention also provides a subarea detection method for the ball seat painting area of the automobile ball hinge joint, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) clamping the ball pin with the outer spherical surface uniformly painted into the ball seat, and installing the ball seat in the ball sleeve and riveting and fixing the ball seat through the cover plate to form a complete spherical hinge structure;
(b) clamping and fixing the spherical hinge structure, and simultaneously rotating the ball pin by 720 degrees or 1080 degrees clockwise and anticlockwise by using a torque wrench with the central axis of the spherical surface of the ball seat as a rotation axis; then cutting a riveting seam formed by riveting of the spherical hinge structure, and taking out the ball seat which is in contact with the ball pin and has formed a certain color coating area on the inner spherical surface;
(c) fixedly placing the painted ball seat on a horizontal plane, and obtaining a top view of the ball seat by using a gray camera to obtain a two-dimensional gray image of the top view of the ball seat;
(d) preprocessing the two-dimensional gray image in a Matlab environment to remove noise in the image;
(e) in a Matlab environment, taking the preprocessed two-dimensional gray image as input, traversing each pixel point in the image, performing primary division on the whole gray image to determine a closed loop boundary line of a painting area, and outputting coordinates of each pixel point forming the closed loop boundary line;
(f) classifying the painting areas in the boundary lines, and sequentially dividing each pixel point in the painting areas into steps according to the gray value from small to large, wherein different steps represent different fitting degrees; performing secondary division on the regions with different fitting degrees, and determining a boundary curve of each fitting degree region;
(g) according to the pixel point coordinate values of the boundary lines obtained by the primary division and the secondary division in the two-dimensional gray image, selecting an upper view in three-dimensional drawing software as a reference surface for draft drawing, and drawing the two-dimensional image containing the boundary lines; determining a positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(h) obtaining the radius and height value of the inner spherical surface which are the same as those of the ball seat model according to the positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat so as to draw the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat; projecting all boundary curves in the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface along the central axis direction of the ball seat, and marking the steps of different fitness areas surrounded by the boundary curves on the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface;
(i) and calculating the area occupied by the different fitting degree areas of the spherical surface in the ball seat and the area percentage of the different fitting degree areas in the whole color coating area in three-dimensional drawing software.
Preferably, in the step (d), the original gray image is denoised, noise points in the image are removed by adopting a denoising filter, and the gray values of the pixels with the gray values lower than 1, 2 or 3 are reset to be 0.
Preferably, the area of the closed region formed by the boundary line in the step (e) is not less than 70% or 75% or 80% of the whole ball seat inner spherical surface area, otherwise the ball seat inner spherical surface is not considered to fit with the ball pin; and (h) directly obtaining the radius and height values of the three-dimensional theoretical sphere from the measured data of the ball seat.
Preferably, the gray value of the pixel point where the closed-loop boundary line in step (e) is not 0, and at least one of the gray values of the adjacent pixel points is 0, so that the pixel point is one of the pixel points where the closed-loop boundary line is located.
Preferably, the number of the steps in the step (f) is 5 in total, and the steps are sequentially sorted into a first step, a second step, a third step, a fourth step and a fifth step from small to large according to the gray value; the gray scale value range of the first step is 1-51, the gray scale value range of the second step is 52-102, the gray scale value range of the third step is 103-153, the gray scale value range of the fourth step is 154-204, and the gray scale value range of the fifth step is 205-255.
Preferably, the steps in step (f) can be divided into 10 steps, and the steps are sequentially sorted from small to large according to the gray value into a first step, a second step, … … and a tenth step; the gray scale value range of the first step is 1-25, the gray scale value range of the second step is 26-50, the gray scale value range of the third step is 51-75, the gray scale value range of the fourth step is 76-100, the gray scale value range of the fifth step is 101-.
Preferably, the three-dimensional mapping software in step (g) is SOLIDWORKS, pro or INVENTOR.
The above description is that of the specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that this embodiment is described for illustrative purposes only, and that numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure as defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a ball seat scribbles colored area detection method for car ball hinge which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(a) clamping and fixing a complete spherical hinge structure comprising the colored spherical pin, and simultaneously rotating the spherical pin by taking the central axis of the spherical surface of the ball seat as a rotation axis; then cutting a riveting seam formed by riveting of the spherical hinge structure, and taking out the ball seat which is in contact with the ball pin and forms a certain color coating area on the inner spherical surface;
(b) fixedly placing the ball seat on a horizontal plane, obtaining a top view of the ball seat by using a gray camera to obtain a two-dimensional gray image of the top view of the ball seat, and simultaneously removing noise points in the two-dimensional gray image;
(c) in a Matlab environment, taking a two-dimensional gray image without noise points as input, traversing each pixel point in the gray image, performing primary division on the whole gray image to determine a closed loop boundary line of a painting area, and outputting coordinates of each pixel point forming the closed loop boundary line; sequentially dividing each pixel point in the painting area into steps according to the gray value from small to large, wherein different steps represent different attaching degrees; performing secondary division on the regions with different fitting degrees, and determining a boundary curve of each fitting degree region;
(d) selecting an upper view in three-dimensional drawing software as a reference surface for draft drawing according to the pixel point coordinate value of the boundary line in the two-dimensional gray scale image, drawing a two-dimensional image containing the boundary line, determining a positioning reference of the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat, and then obtaining the radius and height value of the inner spherical surface which are the same as those of the ball seat model to draw the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface of the ball seat;
(e) projecting the boundary line in the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface along the central axis direction of the ball seat; and calculating the total area contained in the boundary line area of the closed loop on the three-dimensional theoretical spherical surface through three-dimensional drawing software so as to finally determine the area occupied by the areas with different fitting degrees between the ball seat and the ball pin.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ball hinge structure of step (a) is formed by snapping a ball pin having an outer spherical surface that is uniformly colored into a ball seat, and fitting the ball seat into a ball sleeve and riveting it with a cover plate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (b), noise in the image is removed by a noise reduction filter, and the gray values of all the pixels with gray values lower than 3 are reset to be 0.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (c), if the gray value of the pixel point where the closed loop boundary line is located is not 0 and at least one of the gray values of the adjacent pixel points is 0, the pixel point is one of the pixel points where the closed loop boundary line is located.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the area of the closed region formed by the boundary line in step (c) is not less than 75% of the entire inner spherical surface area of the ball seat, otherwise the inner spherical surface of the ball seat is considered to be not fit properly with the ball pin;
6. the method of claim 1, wherein the radius and height of the theoretical three-dimensional sphere in step (d) are directly obtained from measured data of the tee.
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| CN201911395057.5A CN111043962A (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Ball seat painting area for automobile ball hinge joint and partition detection method thereof |
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| CN201911395057.5A CN111043962A (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Ball seat painting area for automobile ball hinge joint and partition detection method thereof |
| CN201810170986.5A CN108362232B (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Ball seat painting area for automobile ball hinge joint and partition detection method thereof |
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| CN201810170986.5A Active CN108362232B (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Ball seat painting area for automobile ball hinge joint and partition detection method thereof |
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| CN112683220A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Spherical surface detection method for ball socket part |
| CN115164766B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-04-26 | 南通黄海药械有限公司 | Intelligent measuring device and measuring method for irregular patterns in gardens |
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| Title |
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| 石爽等: "一种新的边界跟踪算法", 《工程图学学报》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111141234B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN108362232A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| CN108362232B (en) | 2020-01-24 |
| CN111141234A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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Application publication date: 20200421 |