CN111043558A - Low-light-level integrated solar street lamp - Google Patents
Low-light-level integrated solar street lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN111043558A CN111043558A CN201911419387.3A CN201911419387A CN111043558A CN 111043558 A CN111043558 A CN 111043558A CN 201911419387 A CN201911419387 A CN 201911419387A CN 111043558 A CN111043558 A CN 111043558A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
- F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
- F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
- F21S9/035—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light the solar unit being integrated within the support for the lighting unit, e.g. within or on a pole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/001—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electrical wires or cables
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/003—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
- F21V23/007—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array enclosed in a casing
- F21V23/008—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array enclosed in a casing the casing being outside the housing of the lighting device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
- F21V31/005—Sealing arrangements therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
- F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/72—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Shimmer integration solar street lamp, including the lamp pole, solar cell panel, cantilever pole and lamps and lanterns, the outside cover in the upper portion lamp pole upper end of cantilever pole's one end fixed connection is equipped with horizontal rotary mechanism, the fixed install bin that is equipped with in horizontal rotary mechanism top, be provided with controller and lithium cobaltate battery in the install bin, the install bin top is equipped with the support, the solar cell panel bottom passes through inclination adjustment mechanism and sets up on the support, be equipped with printing opacity film moving mechanism on the solar cell panel, the lamps and lanterns top is through installing and removing the other end lower part of mechanism setting at the cantilever pole fast. The invention can adjust the angle of the solar cell panel, so that the solar cell panel can keep the state vertical to the sunlight; meanwhile, a new mode is provided for cleaning the solar cell panel, the surface is coated with a film, and the set time is updated, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved; the lamp structure is convenient to mount and dismount, and therefore mounting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and particularly relates to a shimmer integrated solar street lamp.
Background
The solar street lamp has been widely used as an inexhaustible clean energy source for solar energy, and the solar street lamp has been widely used as an inexhaustible clean energy source for solar energy. The low-light-level solar panel is characterized in that a coating capable of absorbing small light is added on the existing solar panel technology, and the low-light-level solar panel has higher energy conversion rate than a conventional solar panel in rainy days and winter under the same weather environment and has wider application range.
The existing low-light solar street lamp generally has the following defects or shortcomings: 1) because the sun runs from east to west in one day, the angle of the arranged solar cell panel is fixed, and the solar cell panel cannot always keep a vertical state when the sunlight irradiates, so that the photoelectric conversion rate is low; 2) in the outdoor rest place where the solar cell panels are often birds, more bird droppings and a layer of dust are attached to the surfaces of the solar cell panels, so that the photoelectric conversion rate is also influenced, and the solar cell panels of the solar street lamp are higher in position and more in number, so that the cleaning difficulty is higher; 3) the structure that the lamp of installing solar street lamp and the cantilever bar end on lamp pole upper portion are connected and are installed generally adopts bolted connection's mode, and it is comparatively loaded down with trivial details when the installation, because the bolt can corrode after being drenched in the field, dismantle the change also comparatively hard and troublesome after the lamp damages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the low-light-level integrated solar street lamp, the angle of the solar cell panel can be automatically adjusted according to the light of sunlight, bird droppings and dust on the surface of the solar cell panel are easy to clean, and a lamp is convenient to assemble and disassemble.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: shimmer integration solar street lamp, including the lamp pole, solar cell panel, cantilever pole and lamps and lanterns, the lamp pole is hollow tube structure, the lamp pole sets up perpendicularly, the upper portion at the lamp pole is connected to the one end fixed connection of cantilever pole, the outside cover in lamp pole upper end is equipped with horizontal rotary mechanism, the fixed install bin that is equipped with in horizontal rotary mechanism top, be provided with controller and lithium cobalt oxide battery in the install bin, solar cell panel passes through the controller and is connected with lithium cobalt oxide battery, the install bin top is equipped with the support, the solar cell panel bottom sets up on the support through inclination adjustment mechanism, be equipped with on the solar cell panel and be used for covering sunny side and removable printing opacity film moving mechanism, the lamps and lanterns top is through installing and.
The solar cell panel comprises a solar cell panel, a support, an inclination angle adjusting mechanism, a first hinge, a second hinge, an electric push rod, a third hinge, an electric push rod, a first hinge, a second hinge, a third hinge, a fourth hinge, a fifth hinge, a sixth hinge, a fifth hinge, a sixth hinge; and a sunlight tracking sensor connected with the controller through a signal line is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the mounting frame.
The horizontal rotating mechanism comprises a micro motor reducer and an outer sleeve, the upper turntable is fixedly arranged in the upper end of the outer sleeve, the upper surface of the upper turntable is flush with the upper end of the outer sleeve, concentric circular grooves are correspondingly formed in the lower surface of the upper turntable and the upper surface of the upper turntable up and down, a plurality of supporting balls are arranged in the circular grooves, a through hole is formed in the center of the upper turntable, and an output shaft of the micro motor reducer vertically penetrates through the through hole upwards to be connected with the center of the lower surface of the upper turntable through a spline transmission structure;
the lower fixed disc is provided with a first through hole which is through up and down, the upper fixed disc is provided with a second through hole which corresponds to the first through hole up and down, the bottom of the installation box and the upper rotary disc are provided with arc holes which are concentric with the upper rotary disc, the arc holes are communicated with the second through hole, and the arc center angle of the arc holes is 150-180 degrees.
The inner wall coating of outer tube has the teflon dope layer, and the lamp pole excircle has the teflon dope layer in the inside part coating of outer tube too.
The transparent film moving mechanism comprises an upper reel frame, a lower reel frame, an upper guide frame and a lower guide frame, wherein the lower reel frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower end of the installation frame, the upper reel frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper end of the installation frame, an upper reel horizontally arranged is rotatably arranged on the upper reel frame, a tubular motor is coaxially arranged inside the upper reel, a central shaft is arranged on the lower reel frame, limiting snap springs are arranged at two ends of the central shaft, a lower reel is rotatably arranged on the central shaft, a transparent PVC film is wound on the lower reel, an upper guide roller and a lower guide roller are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame, the upper reel, the lower reel, the upper guide roller and the lower guide roller are all parallel to the lower side edge of the installation frame, the transparent PVC film wound on the lower reel sequentially bypasses the lower guide roller and the upper guide roller from bottom to top and then is wound on the upper reel, and the upper surface of the transparent PVC film between the lower guide, the width of the transparent PVC film is equal to the width of the mounting frame.
A cylindrical housing which covers the transparent PVC film is arranged on the lower reel frame, and a long hole which is used for penetrating through the transparent PVC film is formed in the top of the housing along the length direction; a plurality of dot-shaped particles are uniformly arranged on the surface of the transparent PVC film, which is in contact with the solar cell panel.
The two ends of the lower winding drum on the lower winding drum frame are respectively provided with a torsion spring sleeved on the central shaft, one spring leg of the torsion spring is pressed on the lower winding drum frame, and the other spring leg of the torsion spring is fixed on the end surface of the lower winding drum; and the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame are respectively provided with a limiting baffle plate positioned on two sides of the transparent PVC film cover.
The rapid assembling and disassembling mechanism comprises an upper fixing plate, three upper fixing blocks and three lower fixing blocks, wherein the upper surface of the upper fixing plate is horizontally and fixedly connected to the end part of the cantilever rod, the upper fixing blocks and the lower fixing blocks are arranged in a triangular mode, the upper surfaces of the three upper fixing blocks are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixing plate, the lower surfaces of the three lower fixing blocks are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lamp, the three upper fixing blocks and the three lower fixing blocks are in one-to-one correspondence from top to bottom, and each upper fixing block and one corresponding lower fixing block are connected into a whole through a sliding inserting and;
a third threading hole communicated with the inside of the cantilever rod is formed in the upper fixing plate, and a fourth threading hole vertically corresponding to the third threading hole is formed in the top of the lamp.
The sliding insertion and positioning structure comprises a rectangular blind hole, a guide hole and an insertion hole, the T-shaped block, the screw and the limiting plate, the rectangular blind hole is set up in the lower fixed block along the horizontal direction, the screw thread connects to the side of the lower fixed block opposite to rectangular blind hole opening, a pot head of the limiting plate is set up on the screw, guide hole and insert hole are set up on the upper surface of lower fixed block and communicate with inside of rectangular blind hole, the length direction of guide hole and rectangular blind hole is unanimous, the length direction of the insert hole is perpendicular to length direction of the rectangular blind hole, guide hole and insert hole communicate and form T-type, the length of the insert hole is equal to width of the rectangular blind hole, the insert hole locates above bottom of the rectangular blind hole, the vertical upper end of the T-shaped block connects fixedly to the lower surface of upper fixed block, the vertical diameter of the T-shaped block is slightly smaller; the horizontal part of T type piece is stretched into in the rectangle blind hole downwards by the inserted hole, and the vertical portion of T type piece moves the other end of guide hole along the guide hole, goes up the fixed block and flushes with fixed block down correspondence this moment, upwards rotates 90 with the limiting plate that the level set up for the center with the screw, limiting plate upper portion and last fixed block side contact to the fixed block is fixed a position with lower fixed block in the messenger.
The installation box top is equipped with the fifth through wires hole, all is equipped with the waterproof sealing structure that the structure is the same around the top of fifth through wires hole and fourth through wires hole, and installation box top waterproof sealing structure includes that the periphery in fifth through wires hole is equipped with conical external screw thread boss, and external screw thread boss outside threaded connection has sealed cap, and the elasticity through wires hole that corresponds the intercommunication with fifth through wires hole is seted up at sealed cap center.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tubular motor, the electric push rod, the micro motor speed reducer and the lamp are all connected with the controller through the power control line. The solar cell panel is of a low-light-level type, and can also perform photoelectric conversion operation under the condition of weak sunlight, so that the photoelectric efficiency is greatly improved.
The sunlight tracking sensor provides a sunlight tracking sensing signal for the controller, the controller sends a starting signal to the electric push rod and the micro motor speed reducer, an output shaft of the micro motor speed reducer drives the upper rotary disc to rotate, and the supporting balls at the bottom of the upper rotary disc roll in the circular groove, so that good supporting and friction reducing effects are achieved. With the fixed integrative outer tube of last carousel at lamp pole outer tube synchronous revolution, play the fixed carousel effect of only can rotating in the location, fixed install bin and the support that sets up at outer tube and last carousel top are also along with synchronous revolution, thereby drive solar cell panel and rotate, meanwhile, electric putter extension or shorten, drive solar cell panel uses two first hinges to carry out the inclination adjustment as the fulcrum, under electric putter and micro motor speed reducer's combined action, make solar cell panel surface energy keep perpendicular with solar ray, thereby further improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, when snowing in winter, in order to avoid the snowing too much to cover the solar cell panel, the electric push rod is shortened, and the solar cell panel is kept to be close to a vertical state as much as possible.
The miniature motor speed reducer can adopt a worm and gear type miniature motor speed reducer, has a good self-locking function, can prevent strong wind from acting on the solar cell panel and rotating frequently, and if the windproof self-locking effect is further improved, the motor part of the miniature motor speed reducer is matched with a brake motor selectively.
The Teflon coating layer has a lower friction coefficient, so that the friction force between the Teflon coating layer and the outer circle of the lamp post is reduced when the outer sleeve rotates, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
Because the sun rises from the east and falls from the west in one day, the rotation angle of the installation box and the upper turntable is close to 180 degrees, and in order to avoid the damage to control cables and circuits due to stress, arc-shaped holes which are concentric with the upper turntable are formed in the bottom of the installation box and the upper turntable.
Because the installation box is exposed outside, the external thermal insulation material can be arranged for wrapping, the influence of the environmental temperature on the controller and the lithium cobalt oxide battery in the installation box is reduced, and the lithium cobalt oxide battery has the advantages of small volume, stable structure, high capacity ratio and prominent comprehensive performance.
When the solar cell panel runs for a period of time, for example, for one month, dust and even bird droppings are attached to the surface of the transparent PVC film above the solar cell panel, the light transmittance is reduced, the controller sends an instruction to the tubular motor, the tubular motor is started, the transparent PVC film is pulled upwards to be wound on the upper winding drum through the upper guide roller, the transparent PVC film wound on the lower winding drum comes out of the long hole of the housing and moves to the surface of the solar cell panel through the lower guide roller, the transparent PVC film on the surface of the solar cell panel is only required to be updated by adopting the method, the solar cell panel is not required to be cleaned, and after snowing in winter, the snowy weather is clear, if snow covers the surface of the transparent PVC film, in order to improve the power generation efficiency, the tubular motor can be started, the transparent PVC film is pulled upwards to update the transparent PVC film on the surface of. The torsion spring plays a role in enabling the transparent PVC film to be in a certain tension state, so that the transparent PVC film is enabled to be unfolded on the surface of the solar cell panel, and the transparent PVC film is prevented from being blown up by wind power. Transparent PVC membrane evenly is provided with a plurality of point form granules with solar cell panel contact on the surface, can avoid transparent PVC membrane and the whole laminating backs in solar cell panel surface like this, has ventilative clearance between transparent PVC membrane and the solar cell panel, makes things convenient for the renewal removal of transparent PVC membrane, reduces the pulling force of tubulose motor promptly. The cover shell prevents the transparent PVC film wound on the winding drum under the irradiation of sunlight, and prevents the transparent PVC film from being adhered with dust before being paved on the solar cell panel. The PVC material has good high temperature resistance and ageing resistance, and the thickness of the transparent PVC film can be 1-3mm, so that the transparent PVC film has good toughness.
When the transparent PVC film wound on the lower winding drum is used up, a street lamp maintainer replaces a new transparent PVC film through a street lamp maintenance vehicle (a lifting platform vehicle or an overhead working truck), and the transparent PVC film on the upper winding drum is pulled out downwards or is directly cut off. Then take off spacing jump ring and torsional spring, the center pin is taken out, takes out the reel from the housing down, places the housing with the new transparent PVC membrane of winding in advance at the reel down in, penetrates the center pin, installs torsional spring and spacing jump ring, pulls out transparent PVC membrane from the slot hole, walks around down the deflector roll and goes up the deflector roll after-fixing on last reel.
When lamps and lanterns were installed, with the three back of going up fixed block and the three of upper fixed plate lower surface of the three lower fixed block at lamps and lanterns top, make the horizontal part of T type piece stretch into in the insert port, the horizontal part of T type piece stretches into inside the rectangle blind hole and goes up the contact fixed block lower surface and lower fixed block upper surface contact, then the level promotes or stimulates lamps and lanterns, make the vertical portion of T type piece move the other end to the guide hole along the guide hole, the horizontal part of T type piece moves along the rectangle blind hole simultaneously, it flushes to go up the correspondence about fixed block and the lower fixed block this moment, use the screw to upwards rotate 90 with the limiting plate that the level set up with the screw as the center, limiting plate upper portion and last fixed block side contact, at last screw up using spanner or screwdriver, thereby make.
Adopt plug-type connection structure between lamps and lanterns and the cantilever bar to fix a position through rotatory limiting plate, simple to operate is swift, when needs are dismantled, rotates 90 to the horizontality earlier with the limiting plate, limiting plate upper portion no longer with last fixed block side contact. Then the lamp is moved horizontally, and when the horizontal part of the T-shaped block is moved to the insertion opening, the lamp is moved downwards to separate the lamp from the cantilever rod. The lamp adopts the LED lamp, the brightness is high, and the energy-saving effect is good.
Because fifth through wires hole and fourth through wires hole have been seted up respectively at the top of installation box top and lamps and lanterns, in order to avoid the rainwater of raining to enter into the through wires hole, set up waterproof sealing structure on the upper portion of through wires hole, the last port of external screw thread boss is higher than installation box top surface and lamps and lanterns top surface to set up sealed cap, sealed cap has the elastic action, plays the fastening seal effect to the line of wearing into, just so plays good rain-proof effect.
In conclusion, the solar cell panel angle adjusting device is scientific in principle, compact in structure and convenient to install, and the angle of the solar cell panel is adjusted, so that the solar cell panel can keep a state vertical to sunlight, and the solar utilization efficiency is improved to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, a new mode is provided for cleaning the solar cell panel, the surface is coated with a film, and the set time is updated, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved; in addition, a lamp structure convenient to mount and dismount is provided, and therefore mounting efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the horizontal rotation mechanism and mounting box of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the upper turntable of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the light fixture of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of the upper fixture block and the lower fixture block of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the inventive micro-light integrated solar street lamp comprises a lamp post 1 and a solar panel 2, cantilever pole 3 and lamps and lanterns 4, lamp pole 1 is hollow tube structure, lamp pole 1 sets up perpendicularly, cantilever pole 3's one end fixed connection is on the upper portion of lamp pole 1, the outside cover in lamp pole 1 upper end is equipped with horizontal rotary mechanism 51, horizontal rotary mechanism 51 top is fixed and is equipped with install bin 5, be provided with controller 6 and lithium cobaltate battery 7 in the install bin 5, solar cell panel 2 is connected with lithium cobaltate battery 7 through controller 6, install bin 5 top is equipped with support 8, 2 bottoms of solar cell panel pass through inclination adjustment mechanism and set up on support 8, be equipped with on solar cell panel 2 and be used for covering sunny side and removable printing opacity film moving mechanism, 4 tops of lamps and lanterns are installed and removed the other end lower part that the mechanism 50 set up at cantilever pole 3 through. In order to improve the stress stability of the lamp post 1, when the compact structure of the arrangement is designed, the gravity centers of the horizontal rotating mechanism 51, the installation box 5, the bracket 8, the inclination angle adjusting mechanism and the light-transmitting film moving mechanism are positioned on the central line of the lamp post 1 as much as possible.
The bottom and the peripheral sides of the solar cell panel 2 are provided with an installation frame 9, the bottom of the installation frame 9 is hinged to a support 8 through two first hinges 10 with the same height, the inclination angle adjusting mechanism comprises an electric push rod 11, one end of the electric push rod 11 is hinged to the bottom of the installation frame 9 through a second hinge 12, the other end of the electric push rod 11 is hinged to the upper surface of the installation box 5 through a third hinge 13, the second hinge 12 is located below the first hinges 10, the distances from the second hinge 12 to the two first hinges 10 are equal, and the connecting line of the second hinge 12 and the two first hinges 10 forms an isosceles triangle; a sunlight tracking sensor 14 connected to the controller 6 through a signal line is installed at an upper middle position of the mounting frame 9. The lower part of the mounting frame 9 is connected with a grounding wire, so that the lightning protection effect can be achieved.
The horizontal rotating mechanism 51 comprises a micro motor reducer 15, an outer sleeve 16, a lower fixed disc 17, an upper fixed disc 18 and an upper fixed disc 19, the lower fixed disc 17 is fixedly arranged inside an upper port of a lamp post 1, the micro motor reducer 15 is positioned inside the lamp post 1 and arranged on the upper surface of the lower fixed disc 17, the upper fixed disc 18 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lamp post 1 and seals the upper port of the lamp post 1, the outer diameter of the upper fixed disc 18 is equal to the outer diameter of the lamp post 1, the outer sleeve 16 is sleeved outside the upper end of the lamp post 1, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 16 is in clearance fit with the excircle of the lamp post 1, the upper rotating disc 19 is fixedly arranged in the upper port of the outer sleeve 16, the outer diameter of the upper rotating disc 19 is equal to the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 16, the upper surface of the upper rotating disc 19 is flush with the upper end of the outer sleeve 16, concentric circular grooves 20 are correspondingly formed above and below the lower, an output shaft of the micro motor reducer 15 vertically penetrates through the through hole 52 upwards to be connected with the center of the lower surface of the upper rotary disc 19 through the spline transmission structure 22;
a first through wire hole 23 which is through up and down is formed in the lower fixed disc 17, a second through wire hole 24 which corresponds to the first through wire hole 23 up and down is formed in the upper fixed disc 18, an arc hole 25 which is concentric with the upper rotary disc 19 is formed in the bottom of the installation box 5 and the upper rotary disc 19, the arc hole 25 is communicated with the second through wire hole 24, and the arc center angle of the arc hole 25 is 150-180 degrees.
The inner wall coating of outer tube 16 has the teflon dope layer, and the part of lamp pole 1 excircle in outer tube 16 inside also coats the teflon dope layer.
The transparent film moving mechanism comprises an upper reel frame 26, a lower reel frame 27, an upper guide frame 28 and a lower guide frame 29, wherein the lower reel frame 27 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower end of the installation frame 9, the upper reel frame 26 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper end of the installation frame 9, the upper reel frame 26 is rotatably provided with a horizontally arranged upper reel 30, the upper reel 30 is internally provided with a tubular motor coaxially, the lower reel frame 27 is provided with a central shaft 31, two ends of the central shaft 31 are provided with limit clamp springs, the central shaft 31 is rotatably provided with a lower reel 32, the lower reel 32 is wound with a transparent PVC film 33, the upper guide frame 28 and the lower guide frame 29 are respectively rotatably provided with an upper guide roller 34 and a lower guide roller 35, the upper reel 30, the lower reel 32, the upper guide roller 34 and the lower guide roller 35 are all parallel to the lower side edge of the installation frame 9, the transparent PVC film 33 wound on the lower reel 32 sequentially bypasses the lower guide roller 35 and the upper guide roller 35 from bottom to top and then is, the upper surface of the solar cell panel 2 is covered with a portion of the transparent PVC film 33 between the lower guide roller 35 and the upper guide roller 34, and the width of the transparent PVC film 33 is equal to the width of the mounting frame 9.
A cylindrical housing 36 which covers the transparent PVC film 33 is arranged on the lower reel frame 27, and a long hole which is used for penetrating through the transparent PVC film 33 is formed in the top of the housing 36 along the length direction; the surface of the transparent PVC film 33 in contact with the solar cell panel 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of dot-shaped particles.
Torsion springs sleeved on the central shaft 31 are arranged at two ends of the lower winding drum 32 on the lower winding drum frame 27, one spring leg of each torsion spring is pressed on the lower winding drum frame 27, and the other spring leg of each torsion spring is fixed on the end surface of the lower winding drum 32; and the upper guide frame 28 and the lower guide frame 29 are respectively provided with a limit baffle 37 positioned at two sides of the transparent PVC film 33 cover.
The quick assembling and disassembling mechanism 50 comprises an upper fixing plate 38, three upper fixing blocks 39 and three lower fixing blocks 40, the upper surface of the upper fixing plate 38 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the end part of the cantilever rod 3, the number of the upper fixing blocks 39 and the number of the lower fixing blocks 40 are three, the upper surfaces of the three upper fixing blocks 39 are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixing plate 38, the three upper fixing blocks 39 are arranged in a triangular shape, the lower surfaces of the three lower fixing blocks 40 are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lamp 4, the three upper fixing blocks 39 and the three lower fixing blocks 40 are in up-down one-to-one correspondence, and each upper fixing block 39 and the corresponding lower fixing block;
a third threading hole communicated with the inside of the cantilever rod 3 is formed in the upper fixing plate 38, and a fourth threading hole vertically corresponding to the third threading hole is formed in the top of the lamp 4.
The sliding inserting and positioning structure comprises a rectangular blind hole 41, a guide hole 42, an inserting hole 43, a T-shaped block 44, a screw 45 and a limit plate 46, wherein the rectangular blind hole 41 is arranged inside the lower fixing block 40 along the horizontal direction, the screw 45 is in threaded connection with the side surface of the lower fixing block 40 opposite to the opening of the rectangular blind hole 41, one end of the limit plate 46 is sleeved on the screw 45, the guide hole 42 and the inserting hole 43 are arranged on the upper surface of the lower fixing block 40 and are communicated with the inside of the rectangular blind hole 41, the guide hole 42 is consistent with the length direction of the rectangular blind hole 41, the length direction of the inserting hole 43 is vertical to the length direction of the rectangular blind hole 41, the guide hole 42 is communicated with the inserting hole 43 to form a T shape, the length of the inserting hole 43 is equal to the width of the rectangular blind hole 41, the inserting hole 43 is positioned above the bottom of the rectangular blind hole 41, the length of the horizontal portion of the T-block 44 is slightly smaller than the length of the insertion port 43; the horizontal part of the T-shaped block 44 extends downwards into the rectangular blind hole 41 from the insertion opening 43, the vertical part of the T-shaped block 44 moves to the other end of the guide hole 42 along the guide hole 42, the upper fixing block 39 and the lower fixing block 40 are at the same time vertically and correspondingly aligned, the horizontally arranged limiting plate 46 is rotated upwards by 90 degrees by taking the screw 45 as the center, the upper part of the limiting plate 46 is contacted with the side surface of the upper fixing block 39, and therefore the upper fixing block 39 and the lower fixing block 40 are positioned.
5 tops of install bin are equipped with fifth through wires hole 47, all are equipped with the waterproof sealing structure that the structure is the same around the top of fifth through wires hole 47 and fourth through wires hole, and 5 top waterproof sealing structure of install bin includes that the periphery at fifth through wires hole 47 is equipped with conical external screw thread boss 48, and the external screw thread of external screw thread boss 48 has sealed cap 49, and sealed cap 49 center is seted up and is corresponded the elasticity through wires hole that communicates with fifth through wires hole 47.
The tubular motor, the electric push rod 11, the micro motor reducer 15 and the lamp 4 are all connected with the controller 6 through power control lines. The solar cell panel 2 is of a low-light-level type, and can also perform photoelectric conversion operation under the condition of weak sunlight, so that the photoelectric efficiency is greatly improved.
The sunlight tracking sensor 14 provides a sunlight tracking sensing signal for the controller 6, the controller 6 sends a starting signal to the electric push rod 11 and the micro motor speed reducer 15, an output shaft of the micro motor speed reducer 15 drives the upper rotary table 19 to rotate, and the supporting balls 21 at the bottom of the upper rotary table 19 roll in the circular groove 20, so that good supporting and friction force reducing effects are achieved. Outer tube 16 fixed integrative with last carousel 19 is at 1 outer tube synchronous revolution of lamp pole, play the effect that carousel 19 can only be rotated in the location, fixed install bin 5 and the support 8 that sets up at outer tube 16 and 19 tops of last carousel also along with synchronous revolution, thereby drive solar cell panel 2 and rotate, meanwhile, electric putter 11 extension or shorten, drive solar cell panel 2 uses two first hinges 10 to carry out the inclination adjustment as the fulcrum, under electric putter 11 and micro motor speed reducer 15's combined action, make 2 surface energy of solar cell panel keep perpendicular with solar ray, thereby further improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, in order to avoid excessive snow from covering the solar cell panel 2 during snowfall in winter, the electric push rod 11 is shortened to keep the solar cell panel 2 as close to a vertical state as possible.
The micro motor speed reducer 15 can adopt a worm and gear type micro motor speed reducer 15, has a good self-locking function, can prevent strong wind from acting on the solar cell panel 2 to rotate, and if the wind-proof self-locking effect is further improved, the motor part of the micro motor speed reducer 15 is matched with a brake motor.
The Teflon coating layer has a lower friction coefficient, so that the friction force between the Teflon coating layer and the outer circle of the lamp post 1 is reduced when the outer sleeve 16 rotates, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
As the sun rises from the east and falls from the west in one day, the rotation angle of the installation box 5 and the upper rotary disc 19 is close to 180 degrees, and in order to avoid the damage to control cables and lines caused by stress, arc-shaped holes 25 which are concentric with the upper rotary disc 19 are formed in the bottom of the installation box 5 and the upper rotary disc 19.
Because the installation box 5 is exposed outside, the external part can be provided with a heat insulation material package, the influence of the environmental temperature on the controller 6 and the lithium cobaltate battery 7 in the installation box 5 is reduced, and the lithium cobaltate battery 7 has the advantages of small volume, stable structure of the lithium cobaltate battery 7, high capacity ratio and prominent comprehensive performance.
When the solar panel 2 is operated for a period of time, for example, for one month, dust or even bird droppings are attached to the surface of the transparent PVC film 33 above the solar panel 2, and the light transmittance is reduced, at this time, the controller 6 sends an instruction to the tubular motor, the tubular motor is started, the transparent PVC film 33 is pulled upwards and wound on the upper winding drum 30 through the upper guide roller, the transparent PVC film 33 wound on the lower winding drum 32 comes out of the long hole of the housing 36 and moves to the surface of the solar panel 2 through the lower guide roller, only the transparent PVC film 33 on the surface of the solar panel 2 needs to be updated, the solar panel 2 does not need to be cleaned, and after snowing in winter, if the snowing is clear after the snowing, and the surface of the transparent PVC film 33 is covered by snow, in order to improve the power generation efficiency, the tubular motor can be started, the transparent PVC film 33 is pulled upwards, and the transparent PVC film 33 on the surface of the solar cell panel 2 is updated. The torsion spring plays a role in enabling the transparent PVC film 33 to be in a certain tension state, so that the transparent PVC film 33 is enabled to be unfolded on the surface of the solar cell panel 2, and the transparent PVC film is prevented from being blown up by wind power. The surface of the transparent PVC film 33 contacted with the solar cell panel 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of dot-shaped particles, so that a ventilating gap is formed between the transparent PVC film 33 and the solar cell panel 2 after the transparent PVC film 33 is completely attached to the surface of the solar cell panel 2, the transparent PVC film 33 is convenient to update and move, and the pulling force of the tubular motor is reduced. The cover 36 serves to prevent the transparent PVC film 33 wound on the roll 32 from being irradiated by sunlight and also to prevent the transparent PVC film 33 from being adhered with dust before being spread on the solar cell panel 2. The PVC material has good high temperature resistance and ageing resistance, and the thickness of the transparent PVC film 33 can be 1-3mm, so that the PVC film has good toughness.
When the transparent PVC film 33 wound on the lower reel 32 is used up, the transparent PVC film 33 on the upper reel 30 is pulled downward or cut off directly. Then the limiting clamp spring and the torsion spring are taken down, the central shaft 31 is drawn out, the lower winding drum 32 is taken out of the housing 36, a new transparent PVC film 33 which is pre-wound on the lower winding drum 32 is placed in the housing 36, the central shaft 31 is penetrated, the torsion spring and the limiting clamp spring are installed, the transparent PVC film 33 is drawn out of the long hole, bypasses the lower guide roller and the upper guide roller and then is fixed on the upper winding drum 30.
When the lamp 4 is installed, after three lower fixing blocks 40 at the top of the lamp 4 are basically corresponding to three upper fixing blocks 39 at the lower surface of the upper fixing plate 38, the horizontal part of the T-shaped block 44 is inserted into the insertion hole 43, the horizontal part of the T-shaped block 44 is inserted into the rectangular blind hole 41 and the lower surface of the upper contact fixing block is in contact with the upper surface of the lower fixing block 40, then the lamp 4 is horizontally pushed or pulled, the vertical part of the T-shaped block 44 moves to the other end of the guide hole 42 along the guide hole 42, the horizontal part of the T-shaped block 44 moves along the rectangular blind hole 41, at the moment, the upper fixing block 39 and the lower fixing block 40 are correspondingly leveled up and down, the horizontally arranged limiting plate 46 is rotated upwards by 90 degrees by taking the screw 45 as a center, the upper part of the limiting plate 46 is in contact with the side surface of the upper fixing block 39.
Adopt plug-type connection structure between lamps and lanterns 4 and the cantilever bar 3 to fix a position through rotatory limiting plate 46, simple to operate is swift, when needs are dismantled, rotates 90 to the horizontality earlier limiting plate 46, and limiting plate 46 upper portion no longer contacts with last fixed block 39 side. Then, the lamp 4 is moved horizontally, and when the horizontal portion of the T-shaped block 44 is moved to the insertion opening 43, the lamp 4 is moved downward, so that the lamp 4 is separated from the cantilever bar 3. The lamp 4 adopts an LED lamp, so that the brightness is high and the energy-saving effect is good.
Because fifth through wires hole 47 and fourth through wires hole have been seted up respectively at the top of 5 tops of install bin and lamps and lanterns 4, in order to avoid the rainwater of rainy to enter into the through wires hole, set up waterproof sealing structure on the upper portion of through wires hole, the last port of external screw thread boss 48 is higher than 5 top surfaces of install bin and lamps and lanterns 4 top surfaces to set up sealed cap 49, sealed cap 49 has the elastic action, plays the fastening sealing effect to the line of wearing into, just so plays good rain-proof effect.
The tubular motor, the electric push rod 11, the micro motor reducer 15, the lamp 4, the sunlight tracking sensor 14, the transparent PVC film 33, the solar cell panel 2, the Teflon coating, the controller 6 and the lithium cobaltate battery 7 are all the existing mature technologies and can be purchased in the market, and the specific structure is not described again.
The intelligent lamp 4 can also intelligently identify various weather, temperature and light values, adjust the parameters of various parts of the product to enable the operation to reach the optimum, carry out automatic management, and adopt special high-temperature-resistant, high-cold-resistant and moisture-resistant materials to be molded by one-step die casting. The low-light-level solar cell panel adopted by the invention is formed by packaging special high-strength and high-light-transmittance solar toughened glass and high-performance ultraviolet radiation-resistant TPT and EVA sealing materials through special equipment, and has good sealing property. The environment-friendly solar photovoltaic power generation system belongs to a physical power supply, utilizes low-light-level direct drive conversion power supply, and can generate electric quantity even if the sunlight is insufficient in cloudy weather. The use is safe and reliable, the maintenance is not needed during the use, and the electrical property is stable.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the electrical components, appearance, functions, etc. of the present invention in any manner, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Shimmer integration solar street lamp, including lamp pole, solar cell panel, cantilever pole and lamps and lanterns, the lamp pole is the hollow tube structure, and the lamp pole sets up perpendicularly, and the one end fixed connection of cantilever pole is on the upper portion of lamp pole, its characterized in that: the lamp comprises a lamp post, a horizontal rotating mechanism is sleeved outside the upper end of the lamp post, an installation box is fixedly arranged at the top of the horizontal rotating mechanism, a controller and a lithium cobaltate battery are arranged in the installation box, a solar panel is connected with the lithium cobaltate battery through the controller, a support is arranged at the top of the installation box, the bottom of the solar panel is arranged on the support through an inclination angle adjusting mechanism, a replaceable light-transmitting film moving mechanism used for covering the sunny side is arranged on the solar panel, and the top of the lamp is arranged at the lower part of the other end of the.
2. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 1, wherein: the solar cell panel comprises a solar cell panel, a support, an inclination angle adjusting mechanism, a first hinge, a second hinge, an electric push rod, a third hinge, an electric push rod, a first hinge, a second hinge, a third hinge, a fourth hinge, a fifth hinge, a sixth hinge, a fifth hinge, a sixth hinge; and a sunlight tracking sensor connected with the controller through a signal line is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the mounting frame.
3. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal rotating mechanism comprises a micro motor reducer and an outer sleeve, the upper turntable is fixedly arranged in the upper end of the outer sleeve, the upper surface of the upper turntable is flush with the upper end of the outer sleeve, concentric circular grooves are correspondingly formed in the lower surface of the upper turntable and the upper surface of the upper turntable up and down, a plurality of supporting balls are arranged in the circular grooves, a through hole is formed in the center of the upper turntable, and an output shaft of the micro motor reducer vertically penetrates through the through hole upwards to be connected with the center of the lower surface of the upper turntable through a spline transmission structure;
the lower fixed disc is provided with a first through hole which is through up and down, the upper fixed disc is provided with a second through hole which corresponds to the first through hole up and down, the bottom of the installation box and the upper rotary disc are provided with arc holes which are concentric with the upper rotary disc, the arc holes are communicated with the second through hole, and the arc center angle of the arc holes is 150-180 degrees.
4. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 3, wherein: the inner wall coating of outer tube has the teflon dope layer, and the lamp pole excircle has the teflon dope layer in the inside part coating of outer tube too.
5. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 1, wherein: the transparent film moving mechanism comprises an upper reel frame, a lower reel frame, an upper guide frame and a lower guide frame, wherein the lower reel frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower end of the installation frame, the upper reel frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper end of the installation frame, an upper reel horizontally arranged is rotatably arranged on the upper reel frame, a tubular motor is coaxially arranged inside the upper reel, a central shaft is arranged on the lower reel frame, limiting snap springs are arranged at two ends of the central shaft, a lower reel is rotatably arranged on the central shaft, a transparent PVC film is wound on the lower reel, an upper guide roller and a lower guide roller are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame, the upper reel, the lower reel, the upper guide roller and the lower guide roller are all parallel to the lower side edge of the installation frame, the transparent PVC film wound on the lower reel sequentially bypasses the lower guide roller and the upper guide roller from bottom to top and then is wound on the upper reel, and the upper surface of the transparent PVC film between the lower guide, the width of the transparent PVC film is equal to the width of the mounting frame.
6. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 5, wherein: a cylindrical housing which covers the transparent PVC film is arranged on the lower reel frame, and a long hole which is used for penetrating through the transparent PVC film is formed in the top of the housing along the length direction; a plurality of dot-shaped particles are uniformly arranged on the surface of the transparent PVC film, which is in contact with the solar cell panel.
7. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 5, wherein: the two ends of the lower winding drum on the lower winding drum frame are respectively provided with a torsion spring sleeved on the central shaft, one spring leg of the torsion spring is pressed on the lower winding drum frame, and the other spring leg of the torsion spring is fixed on the end surface of the lower winding drum; and the upper guide frame and the lower guide frame are respectively provided with a limiting baffle plate positioned on two sides of the transparent PVC film cover.
8. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 1, wherein: the rapid assembling and disassembling mechanism comprises an upper fixing plate, three upper fixing blocks and three lower fixing blocks, wherein the upper surface of the upper fixing plate is horizontally and fixedly connected to the end part of the cantilever rod, the upper fixing blocks and the lower fixing blocks are arranged in a triangular mode, the upper surfaces of the three upper fixing blocks are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixing plate, the lower surfaces of the three lower fixing blocks are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lamp, the three upper fixing blocks and the three lower fixing blocks are in one-to-one correspondence from top to bottom, and each upper fixing block and one corresponding lower fixing block are connected into a whole through a sliding inserting and;
a third threading hole communicated with the inside of the cantilever rod is formed in the upper fixing plate, and a fourth threading hole vertically corresponding to the third threading hole is formed in the top of the lamp.
9. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 8, wherein: the sliding insertion and positioning structure comprises a rectangular blind hole, a guide hole and an insertion hole, the T-shaped block, the screw and the limiting plate, the rectangular blind hole is set up in the lower fixed block along the horizontal direction, the screw thread connects to the side of the lower fixed block opposite to rectangular blind hole opening, a pot head of the limiting plate is set up on the screw, guide hole and insert hole are set up on the upper surface of lower fixed block and communicate with inside of rectangular blind hole, the length direction of guide hole and rectangular blind hole is unanimous, the length direction of the insert hole is perpendicular to length direction of the rectangular blind hole, guide hole and insert hole communicate and form T-type, the length of the insert hole is equal to width of the rectangular blind hole, the insert hole locates above bottom of the rectangular blind hole, the vertical upper end of the T-shaped block connects fixedly to the lower surface of upper fixed block, the vertical diameter of the T-shaped block is slightly smaller; the horizontal part of T type piece is stretched into in the rectangle blind hole downwards by the inserted hole, and the vertical portion of T type piece moves the other end of guide hole along the guide hole, goes up the fixed block and flushes with fixed block down correspondence this moment, upwards rotates 90 with the limiting plate that the level set up for the center with the screw, limiting plate upper portion and last fixed block side contact to the fixed block is fixed a position with lower fixed block in the messenger.
10. The micro light integrated solar street light according to claim 8, wherein: the installation box top is equipped with the fifth through wires hole, all is equipped with the waterproof sealing structure that the structure is the same around the top of fifth through wires hole and fourth through wires hole, and installation box top waterproof sealing structure includes that the periphery in fifth through wires hole is equipped with conical external screw thread boss, and external screw thread boss outside threaded connection has sealed cap, and the elasticity through wires hole that corresponds the intercommunication with fifth through wires hole is seted up at sealed cap center.
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CN111503584A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-07 | 张和裕 | Solar energy integrated street lamp capable of effectively improving electric energy conversion rate |
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