CN111042730A

CN111042730A - Ladder stand

Info

Publication number: CN111042730A
Application number: CN201911192639.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Pizhou Xinsheng Venture Capital Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-28
Also published as: CN111042730B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ladders, and particularly relates to a ladder stand which comprises a ladder frame used for climbing and a guardrail playing a role in protecting a climber from climbing to a high place, wherein when the ladder stand is not used, the ladder stand is placed in a guardrail storage groove, a stop rod storage groove, a step rod storage groove and a ladder frame longitudinal rod storage groove which are formed in a building wall, so that the ladder stand is prevented from being corroded by external air or rainwater and the safety of the ladder frame and the guardrail is prevented from being influenced; when the ladder is used, the ladder stand is controlled by the adjusting mechanism to be opened upwards, and the ladder stand is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism; according to the ladder stand designed by the invention, when the ladder stand and the guardrails are lifted and do not climb, the spiral spring bears the downward swinging force of the ladder stand, and the hinge rod bears the weight of the ladder stand and the guardrails. When a climber climbs, the lower hem of the ladder frame is limited by the limiting mechanism, the worm wheel and the worm are protected to a certain extent, the service life is long, and the stability and the safety of the ladder stand are guaranteed.

Description

Ladder stand

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crawling ladders, and particularly relates to a crawling ladder.

Background

In house and factory building construction, construction workers often need to climb to a high place to carry out construction operation, and some buildings are very high, need to build temporarily a ladder for connecting a low place and the high place, and are convenient to use when the construction workers move. The outside wall of current house and factory building generally all can reserve down the cat ladder that is used for climbing the house in the future and use when the building.

Most of the existing ladders are designed to be simpler and are only common ladders; the decorative board is placed in a building and used after leaning against a wall surface, so that the appearance is influenced; the existing ladder stand material is always made of steel bars; the crawling ladder is extremely easy to rust under the rainy and humid environment condition, so that the use safety is influenced, and the service life is short; however, if the ladder stand can be folded when not in use, the ladder stand can not be corroded and damaged and the appearance is not influenced when the ladder stand is in a rainy and humid environment, so that the ladder stand which can be folded when not in use is very necessary to design.

The invention designs a ladder stand to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a ladder stand which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

The utility model provides a ladder stand, it is including the ladder frame that is used for climbing, to climbing the guardrail that the eminence played the guard action, its characterized in that: one side of the ladder frame facing the building wall is hinged and installed on one side of the building wall through a plurality of groups of hinge rods which are uniformly distributed up and down; one end of each of the two hinge rods in each group of hinge rods is respectively connected with the ladder frame in a hinge mode, and the other end of each of the two hinge rods is respectively arranged in the building wall in a first hinge mode; the ladder frame can swing relative to the building wall under the action of the plurality of groups of hinge rods, different parallelogram mechanisms are formed by the ladder frame, the building wall and the plurality of groups of hinge rods, and the swing of each position on the ladder frame is kept consistent in the swing process of the ladder frame; the guardrail consists of a guardrail cross rod, a guardrail vertical rod and a guardrail stop rod; one ends of two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods are fixedly connected through a guardrail stop rod, the other ends of the two guardrail cross rods are arranged on one side of the ladder frame, which is opposite to the building wall, in a hinged mode, and the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods and the guardrail stop rod fixed at one end of the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods form a complete guardrail unit; the plurality of guardrail units are uniformly arranged on one side of the ladder frame back to the building wall from top to bottom; two adjacent guardrail units are hinged and connected through two symmetrically distributed guardrail vertical rods, and the hinged position of each guardrail vertical rod and the corresponding guardrail transverse rod is positioned at one end of the corresponding guardrail transverse rod for installing the guardrail stop rod; two guardrail cross rods in the guardrail unit at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with two hinge rods in a group of hinge rods at the upper side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the guardrail can swing relative to the ladder frame, an upper guardrail cross rod, a lower guardrail cross rod, a guardrail vertical rod and a building wall which are connected with the two guardrail cross rods in the two groups of guardrail units on the same side form a complete parallelogram mechanism, and the two groups of parallelogram mechanisms which are positioned on the same height and are formed by the guardrail cross rods, the guardrail vertical rods and the building wall are fixedly connected by the two guardrail stop rods which are distributed up and down, namely, the swinging of each position on the guardrail is kept consistent in the swinging process of the guardrail; simultaneously because of being arranged in two guardrail horizontal poles in the guardrail unit of the top and two hinge bar one-to-one fixed connection in a set of hinge bar of upside in the multiunit hinge bar, so at the relative building wall wobbling in-process of ladder frame, the guardrail also can be along with the relative building wall of ladder frame swings together.

The building wall is provided with a guardrail storage groove, a stop rod storage groove, a step rod storage groove and a ladder rack longitudinal rod storage groove which are used for storing guardrails and ladder racks, an adjusting mechanism is further arranged in the building wall and controls the ladder racks and the guardrails to rise and fall down, after the ladder racks and the guardrails are put down, the ladder racks are stored in the step rod storage groove and the ladder rack longitudinal rod storage groove, and the guardrails are stored in the guardrail storage groove and the stop rod storage groove; two limiting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on one group of hinge rods positioned on the lower side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods and are controlled by the step rod on the lowest side of the ladder frame; when the step rod at the lowest side on the ladder frame is pressed to slide downwards, the swing of the hinge rod is limited by the limiting mechanism.

After the ladder frame is put down, the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame are placed in the ladder frame longitudinal rod storage grooves, the step rods on the ladder frame are placed in the step rod storage grooves, and the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame and the multiple groups of hinge rods are not staggered and distributed in parallel; after the guardrail is put down, guardrail horizontal pole and guardrail montant on the guardrail are put in the guardrail storage tank, and the guardrail horizontal pole does not have crisscross distribution side by side with the guardrail montant, and the guardrail pin is put in the pin storage tank.

As a further improvement of the technology, a plurality of groups of articulated rod storage tanks are uniformly arranged on the building wall up and down, and the side surfaces of two articulated rod storage tanks in each group of articulated rod storage tanks are respectively provided with a mounting hole; each mounting hole is internally provided with a fixed shaft sleeve; one end of each hinge rod is respectively arranged in the corresponding hinge rod storage groove in a one-to-one correspondence mode through the rotating fit of one hinge shaft and one fixed shaft sleeve.

As the further improvement of the technology, the inner end face of one of the two mounting holes on the lower side of the building wall is provided with a second mounting groove, and the end face of the second mounting groove, which is close to the building wall surface, is provided with a first mounting groove penetrating through the building wall.

The adjusting mechanism comprises a worm, a connecting structure, a worm wheel, a volute spiral spring, a first driving block, a shifting block, a transmission rotating shaft and a second driving block, wherein one end of the transmission rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a hinged shaft on one hinged rod in a group of hinged rods positioned on the lower side; the worm wheel is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft in a rotating fit mode, a volute spiral spring is arranged between the worm wheel and the transmission rotating shaft, the inner end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transmission rotating shaft, and the outer end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the end face of the worm wheel; the shifting block is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft, the first driving block and the second driving block are arranged on the end surface of the worm wheel, and the first driving block and the second driving block are matched with the shifting block; the first driving block has the effects that in an initial state, the first driving block and the shifting block are matched to limit the volute spiral spring, so that the pre-pressure of the volute spiral spring is prevented from being released, and the pre-pressure of the volute spiral spring ensures that the turbine rotates to break through the volute spiral spring to drive the ladder frame to swing; the second driving block has the effects that as the rotation amplitude of the transmission rotating shaft is increased, when the shifting block touches the second driving block, the second driving block limits the shifting block due to self-locking of the worm wheel, so that the transmission rotating shaft is prevented from continuously rotating, the weight of the ladder frame and a climber is ensured not to be fully born by the volute spiral spring, and the probability of damage of the volute spiral spring is reduced; the worm wheel and the volute spiral spring are positioned in the second mounting groove; the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second sliding blocks through a connecting structure, the worm is nested in the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel; the worm is positioned in the first mounting groove; the volute spiral spring has pre-pressure.

As a further improvement of the technology, two hinge rods positioned at the lower side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods are provided with cavities, and one end of each cavity is provided with an avoiding notch; two hinge holes are symmetrically formed in the two cavities, two sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the lower ends of the longitudinal rods of the two ladder frames on the ladder frames, and two symmetrically-distributed clamping grooves are formed in the two sides of the two arc grooves; the step bar on the lowermost side of the ladder frame is mounted between the two ladder frame longitudinal bars by a sliding fit.

The limiting mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, a driving rod, a connecting rod, a limiting arc plate, hinged rotating shafts and a clamping mechanism, wherein the telescopic rod is provided with a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic inner rod which slides in the telescopic outer sleeve; a driving rod is installed at one end of a telescopic inner rod at one end of the telescopic rod in a hinged mode, the lower end of the driving rod penetrates through an avoidance notch on the corresponding hinge rod and is located on the outer side of the hinge rod, a connecting rod is installed on the driving rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through a corresponding sliding groove on a longitudinal rod of the ladder frame and is fixedly connected with one end of a step rod located on the lowest side of the ladder frame; a second return spring is arranged between the connecting rod and the bottom surface of the sliding chute; the limiting arc plate is provided with a limiting groove and is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the hinge rod storage groove corresponding to the hinge rod; the limiting groove formed on the limiting arc plate is in limiting fit with the arc-shaped chuck on the limiting rod; two clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged in the sliding groove.

The clamping mechanism comprises clamping blocks, second reset springs, pull rods and pull rod heads, wherein one ends of the clamping blocks are provided with inclined planes, the clamping blocks are installed in corresponding clamping grooves in a sliding fit mode, the pull rods are fixedly installed at the ends, located in the clamping grooves, of the clamping blocks, one ends of the pull rods penetrate through the longitudinal rod of the ladder frame and are located on the outer side of the longitudinal rod of the ladder frame, the first reset springs are installed between the clamping blocks and the inner end faces, located on the outer side of the longitudinal rod of the ladder frame, of the pull rods, and the pull rod heads are installed.

As a further improvement of the technology, a second sealing rubber is installed on one side surface of the ladder frame, which is back to the building wall, the hinged rod is provided with a first sealing rubber on the lifted upper end surface, a fourth sealing rubber is installed on the upper end surface of the guardrail cross rod of the guardrail, a fifth sealing rubber is installed on the upper end of the guardrail stop rod, and a third sealing rubber is installed on the side surface of the guardrail vertical rod; first sealing rubber, second sealing rubber, third sealing rubber, fourth sealing rubber, the effect that does not have sealing rubber play sealed guard action to the ladder frame and the guardrail after packing up, prevent that outside air or rainwater from corroding it, influence the security of ladder frame and guardrail.

As a further improvement of the technology, two rows of protective elastic blocks are symmetrically arranged at two ends of one side, close to the building wall, of the step rod of the ladder frame from top to bottom; the effect of protection elastic block prevents because of the hinge bar back that became invalid, and ladder frame swings to building wall one side, and people do not have time to leave ladder frame, and the finger that leads to holding tightly ladder frame is crushed, through protection elastic block, swings to building wall one side at ladder frame, protection elastic block can at first contact with building wall for ladder frame stop swing, holds and leaves the clearance between the finger of ladder frame and the building wall.

As a further improvement of the technology, the end face of the worm at one end in the fixed sleeve is provided with a hexagonal groove, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary hexagonal head is inserted into the hexagonal groove on the worm to drive the worm to rotate.

As a further improvement of the technology, two guardrail cross rods in the guardrail unit positioned at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with two hinge rods in a group of hinge rods at the upper side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods in a welding mode.

As a further improvement of the technology, the guardrail blocking rod is fixedly arranged at the upper side of one end of each of the two corresponding guardrail cross rods and is higher than the guardrail cross rods; the guardrail stop lever is prevented from interfering with the guardrail vertical rod after being closed. The ladder frame and the guardrail are reasonably arranged and have reasonable length, so that the problem of interference after the ladder frame and the guardrail are folded is solved. The connection arrangement mode of the invention is only one scheme in the arrangement modes, and other schemes arranged by the technicians in the field can be adopted, and the arrangement method belongs to the field of the prior art.

As a further improvement of the technology, the driving mode of the worm can be driven by a key and a key groove, the key groove is arranged on the end surface of one end of the worm in the fixed sleeve, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary rod with the key is inserted into the key groove on the worm to drive the worm to rotate.

Compared with the traditional ladder climbing technology, the ladder has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the ladder stand designed by the invention, when the ladder stand is not used, the ladder stand is placed in the guardrail storage groove, the stop rod storage groove, the step rod storage groove and the ladder frame longitudinal rod storage groove which are formed in a building wall, so that the ladder stand and the guardrail are prevented from being corroded by outside air or rainwater and the safety of the ladder frame and the guardrail is prevented from being influenced; when the ladder is used, the ladder stand is controlled by the adjusting mechanism to be opened upwards, and the ladder stand is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism.

2. According to the ladder stand designed by the invention, after the ladder stand is folded, the longitudinal rods on the ladder stand and the plurality of groups of hinged rods are distributed in parallel in a non-staggered manner; the guardrail cross rods and the guardrail vertical rods are distributed in a non-staggered parallel mode, namely the structures of the ladder frame and the guardrail after being folded are located in the same plane, and the guardrail stop rods are removed, so that storage grooves formed in the building wall for storing the ladder frame and the guardrail are saved; the damage degree of the building wall is reduced, the building wall surface is protected, and meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the ladder frame and the guardrail is also improved.

3. According to the ladder stand designed by the invention, when the ladder stand and the guardrails are lifted and do not climb, the spiral spring bears the downward swinging force of the ladder stand, and the hinge rod bears the weight of the ladder stand and the guardrails. When a climber climbs, the lower hem of the ladder frame is limited by the limiting mechanism, the worm wheel and the worm are protected to a certain extent, the service life is long, and the stability and the safety of the ladder stand are guaranteed.

4. According to the ladder stand designed by the invention, during climbing, the ladder stand overcomes the lower hem through the combined action of the limiting mechanism and the self-locking structure of the worm gear and the worm, and when any one structure fails, the rest structure can still ensure that the lower hem is overcome; in addition, the designed protective elastic block further ensures the safety of the hands and feet of the climber.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external view of an entire part.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the ladder rack installation.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the distribution of the first installation groove and the second installation groove.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the ladder rack installation.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting hole distribution.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a building wall structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the appearance of a building wall.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of ladder rack and guardrail installation.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the distribution of the limiting mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the installation of the spacing mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the limiting mechanism.

Figure 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the hinged rod and the telescopic rod.

Fig. 14 is a card mechanism configuration diagram.

Fig. 15 is a card mechanism distribution diagram.

Figure 16 is a schematic view of a guardrail construction.

Number designation in the figures: 1. building a wall; 2. a guardrail; 3. a ladder frame; 4. mounting holes; 5. a first mounting groove; 6. a second mounting groove; 7. a hinged lever; 8. a hinge rod storage tank; 10. a pin storage tank; 11. a stepped stem storage tank; 12. a ladder vertical bar storage tank; 13. a guardrail storage tank; 14. a limiting mechanism; 15. an adjustment mechanism; 16. hinging a shaft; 17. fixing the shaft sleeve; 18. a first sealing rubber; 19. a second sealing rubber; 21. a ladder longitudinal bar; 22. a step bar; 25. a volute spiral spring; 26. a second driving block; 27. shifting blocks; 28. a first driving block; 29. a transmission rotating shaft; 30. a worm gear; 31. a hexagonal groove; 32. fixing a sleeve; 33. a worm; 34. a fixing ring; 35. a telescopic rod; 36. a drive rod; 37. a connecting rod; 38. a limiting rod; 39. a limiting arc plate; 40. a limiting groove; 41. a hinge hole; 42. avoiding the notch; 43. a cavity; 44. a hinge shaft; 45. a card mechanism; 46. a clamping block; 47. a first return spring; 48. a pull rod; 49. a tie rod head; 50. a guardrail cross bar; 51. a guardrail vertical bar; 52. a guard bar stop lever; 53. a third sealing rubber; 54. a fourth sealing rubber; 55. a fifth sealing rubber; 56. an arc-shaped chuck; 57. a second return spring; 58. a chute; 59. a card slot; 60. the elastic block is protected.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples or figures are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, it includes a ladder frame 3 for climbing, a guardrail 2 for protecting a climber from climbing to a high place, and is characterized in that: as shown in fig. 2 and 4, one side of the ladder frame 3 facing the building wall 1 is hinged to one side of the building wall 1 through a plurality of groups of hinge rods 7 which are uniformly distributed up and down; as shown in fig. 1, 8 and 9, one end of each of the two hinge rods 7 in each set of hinge rods 7 is connected with the ladder rack 3 in a hinged manner, and the other end is installed in the building wall 1 in a first hinged manner; the ladder frame 3 can swing relative to the building wall 1 under the action of the plurality of groups of hinge rods 7, the ladder frame 3, the building wall 1 and the plurality of groups of hinge rods 7 form different parallelogram mechanisms, and the swing of each position on the ladder frame 3 in the swing process of the ladder frame 3 is kept consistent; as shown in fig. 8, the guardrail 2 is composed of a guardrail cross bar 50, a guardrail vertical bar 51 and a guardrail blocking bar 52; one ends of two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods 50 are fixedly connected through a guardrail stop rod 52, the other ends of the two guardrail cross rods 50 are arranged on one side of the ladder frame 3 back to the building wall 1 in a hinged mode, and the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods 50 and the guardrail stop rod 52 fixed at one end of the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods form a complete guardrail 2 unit; the plurality of guardrail 2 units are uniformly arranged on one side of the ladder frame 3 back to the building wall 1 from top to bottom; two adjacent guardrail 2 units are hinged and connected through two symmetrically distributed guardrail vertical rods 51, and the hinged position of the guardrail vertical rod 51 and the corresponding guardrail cross rod 50 is positioned at one end of the corresponding guardrail cross rod 50, which is provided with a guardrail stop rod 52; the two guardrail cross bars 50 in the uppermost guardrail 2 unit are fixedly connected with the two hinge rods 7 in the upper hinge rod 7 in the plurality of hinge rods 7 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the guardrail 2 can swing relative to the ladder frame 3, an upper guardrail cross rod 50, a lower guardrail cross rod 50, a guardrail vertical rod 51 and the building wall 1 which are connected with the two guardrail cross rods 50 in the two groups of guardrail 2 units which are positioned on the same side form a complete parallelogram mechanism, and two groups of parallelogram mechanisms which are positioned on the same height and are formed by the guardrail cross rods 50, the guardrail vertical rods 51 and the building wall 1 are fixedly connected by two guardrail stop rods 52 which are distributed up and down, namely, the swinging of each position on the guardrail 2 is kept consistent in the swinging process of the guardrail 2; simultaneously because of two guardrail horizontal poles 50 in 2 units of guardrail that are located the top and two articulated mast 7 one-to-one fixed connection in a set of articulated mast 7 of upside in the multiunit articulated mast 7, so at the 1 wobbling in-process of 3 relative building walls of ladder frame, guardrail 2 also can be along with 1 swings together of 3 relative building walls of ladder frame.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a guardrail storage groove 13, a stop rod storage groove 10, a step rod storage groove 11 and a ladder rack longitudinal rod storage groove 12 for storing a guardrail 2 and a ladder rack 3 are formed in the building wall 1, an adjusting mechanism 15 is further installed in the building wall 1, the adjusting mechanism 15 controls the ladder rack 3 and the guardrail 2 to rise and fall down, after the ladder rack 3 and the guardrail 2 are put down, the ladder rack 3 is stored in the step rod storage groove 11 and the ladder rack longitudinal rod storage groove 12, and the guardrail 2 is stored in the guardrail storage groove 13 and the stop rod storage groove 10; two limiting mechanisms 14 are symmetrically arranged on one group of hinge rods 7 positioned on the lower side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods 7, and the two limiting mechanisms 14 are controlled by a step rod 22 on the lowest side of the ladder frame 3; the lowermost step bar 22 on the ladder frame 3 is pressed to slide downward, and the swing of the hinge lever 7 is restricted by the stopper mechanism 14.

After the ladder frame 3 is put down, the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame 3 are placed in the ladder frame longitudinal rod storage groove 12, the step rods 22 on the ladder frame 3 are placed in the step rod storage groove 11, and the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame 3 and the groups of hinge rods 7 are not staggered and distributed in parallel; after the guardrail 2 is put down, the guardrail cross rods 50 and the guardrail vertical rods 51 on the guardrail 2 are placed in the guardrail storage groove 13, the guardrail cross rods 50 and the guardrail vertical rods 51 are distributed in parallel without being staggered, and the guardrail blocking rods 52 are placed in the blocking rod storage groove 10.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, a plurality of groups of hinge rod storage grooves 8 are uniformly formed in the building wall 1, and a mounting hole 4 is formed in each of the side surfaces of two hinge rod storage grooves 8 in each group of hinge rod storage grooves 8; a fixed shaft sleeve 17 is arranged in each mounting hole 4; one ends of the plurality of hinge rods 7 are respectively installed in the corresponding hinge rod storage grooves 8 in one-to-one correspondence to each other through the pivotal engagement of a hinge shaft 16 and a fixed boss 17.

As shown in fig. 3, a second mounting groove 6 is formed on the inner end surface of one of the two mounting holes 4 located at the lower side of the building wall 1, and a first mounting groove 5 penetrating through the building wall 1 is formed on the end surface of the second mounting groove 6 close to the wall surface of the building wall 1.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the adjusting mechanism 15 includes a worm 33, a connecting structure, a worm wheel 30, a spiral spring 25, a first driving block 28, a shifting block 27, a transmission rotating shaft 29, and a second driving block 26, wherein one end of the transmission rotating shaft 29 is fixedly connected with a hinge shaft 16 on one hinge rod 7 in the lower set of hinge rods 7; a worm wheel 30 is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft 29 in a rotating fit manner, a volute spiral spring 25 is arranged between the worm wheel 30 and the transmission rotating shaft 29, the inner end of the volute spiral spring 25 is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transmission rotating shaft 29, and the outer end of the volute spiral spring 25 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the worm wheel 30; the shifting block 27 is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft 29, the first driving block 28 and the second driving block 26 are arranged on the end surface of the worm wheel 30, and the first driving block 28 and the second driving block 26 are matched with the shifting block 27; the first driving block 28 is used for limiting the scroll spring 25 through the matching of the first driving block 28 and the shifting block 27 in an initial state, so that the pre-pressure of the scroll spring 25 is not released, and the pre-pressure of the scroll spring 25 ensures that the turbine rotates to break through the scroll spring 25 to drive the ladder frame 3 to swing; the second driving block 26 has the effects that as the rotation amplitude of the transmission rotating shaft 29 increases, when the shifting block 27 touches the second driving block 26, the second driving block 26 limits the shifting block 27 due to self-locking of the worm wheel 30, so that the continuous rotation of the transmission rotating shaft 29 is prevented, the weight of the ladder rack 3 and a climber is not fully borne by the volute spiral spring 25, and the probability of damage to the volute spiral spring 25 is reduced; the worm wheel 30 and the volute spiral spring 25 are positioned in the second mounting groove 6; the fixed ring 34 and the fixed sleeve 32 are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second sliding blocks through a connecting structure, the worm 33 is nested in the fixed ring 34 and the fixed sleeve 32, and the worm 33 is meshed with the worm wheel 30; the worm 33 is positioned in the first mounting groove 5; the spiral spring 25 has a pre-stress.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, a cavity 43 is formed in two hinge rods 7 on the lower side of the plurality of sets of hinge rods 7, and one end of each of the two cavities 43 is provided with an escape notch 42; two hinge holes 41 are symmetrically formed in the two cavities 43, two sliding grooves 58 are symmetrically formed at the lower ends of the two ladder frame longitudinal rods 21 on the ladder frame 3, and two clamping grooves 59 which are symmetrically distributed are formed on two sides of the two arc grooves; the lowermost one of the step bars 22 of the ladder frame 3 is mounted between the two ladder frame longitudinal bars 21 by a sliding fit.

As shown in fig. 12, 14, and 15, the limiting mechanism 14 includes an expansion link 35, a driving rod 36, a connecting rod 37, a limiting rod 38, a limiting arc plate 39, a hinge shaft 44, and a locking mechanism 45, wherein as shown in fig. 13, the expansion link 35 has an expansion outer sleeve and an expansion inner rod sliding in the expansion outer sleeve, two hinge shafts 44 are symmetrically installed on two sides of the expansion outer sleeve, the expansion link 35 is installed in the corresponding hinge rod 7 through the rotation fit of the two hinge shafts 44 and two hinge holes 41 opened on the corresponding hinge rod 7, as shown in fig. 13, one end of the expansion link 35 is installed with the limiting rod 38, and one end of the limiting rod 38 has an arc-shaped chuck 56; a driving rod 36 is installed at one end of a telescopic inner rod at one end of the telescopic rod 35 in a hinged mode, the lower end of the driving rod 36 penetrates through an avoidance notch 42 on the corresponding hinged rod 7 and is positioned at the outer side of the hinged rod 7, a connecting rod 37 is installed on the driving rod 36, and the connecting rod 37 penetrates through a corresponding sliding groove 58 on the ladder frame longitudinal rod 21 and is fixedly connected with one end of one step rod 22 on the lowest side of the ladder frame 3; a second return spring 57 is arranged between the connecting rod 37 and the bottom surface of the sliding chute 58; a limiting groove 40 is formed in the limiting arc plate 39, and the limiting arc plate 39 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the hinge rod storage groove 8 corresponding to the hinge rod 7; the limiting groove 40 formed on the limiting arc plate 39 is in limiting fit with the arc-shaped chuck 56 on the limiting rod 38; two card mechanisms 45 are symmetrically installed in the chute 58.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the locking mechanism 45 includes a locking block 46, a second return spring 57, a pull rod 48, and a pull rod head 49, wherein one end of the locking block 46 has an inclined surface, the locking block 46 is installed in the corresponding locking slot 59 by sliding fit, one end of the locking block 46 located in the locking slot 59 is fixedly installed with the pull rod 48, one end of the pull rod 48 penetrates through the ladder frame longitudinal rod 21 and is located outside the ladder frame longitudinal rod 21, a first return spring 47 is installed between the locking block 46 and the inner end surface of the corresponding locking slot 59, and one end of the pull rod 48 located outside the ladder frame longitudinal rod 21 is installed with the pull rod head 49.

As shown in fig. 9 and 16, a second sealing rubber 19 is installed on one side surface of the ladder frame 3 facing away from the building wall 1, a first sealing rubber 18 is installed on the lifted upper end surface of the hinge rod 7, a fourth sealing rubber 54 is installed on the upper end surface of the guardrail cross rod 50 of the guardrail 2, a fifth sealing rubber 55 is installed on the upper end of the guardrail blocking rod 52, and a third sealing rubber 53 is installed on the side surface of the guardrail vertical rod 51; the first sealing rubber 18, the second sealing rubber 19, the third sealing rubber 53, the fourth sealing rubber 54 and the second non-sealing rubber have the functions of sealing and protecting the folded ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2, and the ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2 are prevented from being corroded by outside air or rainwater to influence the safety of the ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2.

As shown in fig. 1, two rows of protective elastic blocks 60 are symmetrically installed at both ends of one side of the ladder frame 3 from top to bottom, which is close to the building wall 1; protection elastic block 60's effect prevents because of the 7 back that become invalid of hinge bar, ladder frame 3 swings to 1 one side of building wall, and people do not have time to leave ladder frame 3, the finger that leads to holding ladder frame 3 is crushed, through protection elastic block 60, at ladder frame 3 to the swing of 1 one side of building wall, protection elastic block 60 can at first contact with building wall 1, make 3 stop swinging of ladder frame, hold and leave the clearance between the finger of holding ladder frame 3 and building wall 1.

The end surface of the worm 33 located at one end in the fixing sleeve 32 is provided with a hexagonal groove 31, and when the worm 33 is driven, the worm 33 is driven to rotate by inserting an auxiliary hexagonal head into the hexagonal groove 31 of the worm 33.

The two guardrail cross bars 50 in the uppermost guardrail 2 unit are fixedly connected with the two hinge rods 7 in the upper hinge rod 7 in the plurality of hinge rods 7 by welding.

The guardrail blocking rod 52 is fixedly arranged at the upper side of one end of the two corresponding guardrail cross rods 50 and is higher than the guardrail cross rods 50; the guard rail stop lever 52 is prevented from interfering with the guard rail vertical rod 51 after being closed. The ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2 designed in the invention are reasonably arranged and have reasonable length, so that the problem of interference after the ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2 are folded can be avoided. The connection arrangement mode of the invention is only one scheme in the arrangement modes, and other schemes arranged by the technicians in the field can be adopted, and the arrangement method belongs to the field of the prior art.

The worm 33 may be driven by a key and a key groove, a key groove is formed on an end surface of the worm 33 located at one end of the fixing sleeve 32, and when the worm 33 is driven, the worm 33 is driven to rotate by inserting an auxiliary rod with a key into the key groove of the worm 33.

The specific working process is as follows: when the ladder stand designed by the invention is used, when the ladder stand 3 and the guardrail 2 need to be lifted upwards, firstly an auxiliary tool with a hexagonal head is inserted into a hexagonal groove 31 formed in a worm 33, then the worm 33 is driven to rotate, the worm 33 rotates to drive a worm wheel 30 to rotate, because a volute spring 25 arranged between the worm wheel 30 and a transmission rotating shaft 29 has pre-pressure and the pre-pressure of the volute spring 25 is enough to enable the worm wheel 30 to drive the transmission rotating shaft 29 to rotate through the volute spring 25, when the worm wheel 30 rotates, the worm wheel 30 drives the transmission rotating shaft 29 to rotate through the volute spring 25, the transmission rotating shaft 29 drives a hinge shaft 16 connected with the transmission rotating shaft to rotate, the hinge shaft 16 rotates to drive a corresponding hinge rod 7 to swing, the hinge rod 7 swings to drive the ladder stand 3 to swing upwards, and because the ladder stand 3, the building wall 1 and a plurality of groups of hinge rods 7 form different parallelogram mechanisms, the swing of each position on the ladder stand 3 is kept consistent in the, the two hinged rods 7 positioned at the uppermost side swing to drive the two guardrail cross rods 50 positioned at the uppermost side and fixedly connected with the two guardrail cross rods 50 to swing, and the upper and lower guardrail cross rods 50 in the two groups of guardrail 2 units positioned at the same side, the guardrail vertical rods 51 connected with the two guardrail cross rods 50 and the building wall 1 form a complete parallelogram mechanism, and the two groups of parallelogram mechanisms positioned at the two sides at the same height and formed by the guardrail cross rods 50, the guardrail vertical rods 51 and the building wall 1 are fixedly connected by the two guardrail blocking rods 52 distributed up and down, namely, the swinging of each position on the guardrail 2 in the swinging process of the guardrail 2 is kept consistent; so in the swing process of ladder 3 relative to building wall 1, guardrail 2 also can be along with the relative building wall 1 of ladder 3 swings together.

When the ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2 are swung up and opened, the worm 33 is stopped to be driven; the downward swing of the ladder rack 3 and the guardrail 2 is restrained by the scroll spring 25 due to the self-locking limit of the worm wheel 30 and the worm 33, and finally all the weight of the ladder rack 3 and the guardrail 2 is born by the six hinge shafts 16.

When a climber steps on one of the step rods 22 on the lowest side of the ladder frame 3, due to the weight of the climber, the corresponding step rod 22 moves downwards, the step rod 22 moves downwards to drive the two connecting rods 37 to move downwards, the two connecting rods 37 move downwards to drive the two driving rods 36 to move downwards, the two driving rods 36 move downwards to enable one end of the two telescopic rods 35 with the telescopic function to swing downwards, one end of the telescopic rod 35, provided with the limiting rod 38, to swing upwards, and the arc-shaped clamping heads 56 on the limiting rod 38 are inserted into the limiting grooves 40 formed in the corresponding limiting arc plates 39; the limiting rod 38 is limited by the limiting arc plate 39 to prevent the limiting rod from swinging, namely, the hinged rod 7 for installing the telescopic rod 35 and the limiting rod 38 is limited to swing, namely, the ladder frame 3 is limited to not swing downwards; a climber can climb; after the two connecting rods 37 move downwards, the two corresponding clamping blocks 46 are extruded, so that the clamping blocks 46 move back, after the two connecting rods 37 move to the lower sides of the corresponding clamping blocks 46, the clamping blocks 46 move out again under the action of the first return springs 47, the connecting rods 37 move upwards for limiting, namely the connecting rods 37 are limited, and then the corresponding driving rods 36, the corresponding telescopic rods 35 and the corresponding limiting rods 38 are limited and cannot swing; the hinge shaft 16 installed at the telescopic bar 35 and the stopper bar 38 is always restricted, and the arc-shaped dopes 56 on the stopper bar 38 are not separated from the corresponding restricting slide. In the above-mentioned limit process, the spiral spring 25 bears the weight of a small part of the ladder rack 3 and the climber.

When the ladder frame 3 is used up, and when the ladder frame 3 and the guardrail 2 are folded up, because a climber leaves the ladder frame 3, the weight on the ladder frame 3 is reduced, at the moment, the four pull rod heads 49 on the lower side of the ladder frame 3 are manually pulled, so that the four pull rod heads 49 drive the corresponding pull rods 48 to move, the pull rods 48 drive the clamping blocks 46 to move, after the clamping blocks 46 completely move back into the corresponding clamping grooves 59, the clamping blocks 46 lose the limit on the corresponding connecting rods 37, at the moment, the connecting rods 37 move up and reset under the action of the first reset springs 47, the connecting rods 37 move up to drive the corresponding driving rods 36 to move up, the driving rods 36 move up to drive the corresponding telescopic rods 35 to swing, so that the limiting rods 38 mounted on the telescopic rods 35 are separated from the limiting arc plates 39, the limiting sliding plates lose the limit on the limiting rods 38, namely, the limiting rods 7 for mounting the limiting rods; at this moment, the driving worm 33 rotates reversely, the worm 33 drives the worm wheel 30 to rotate reversely, the worm wheel 30 drives the transmission rotating shaft 29 to rotate through the first driving block 28 and the shifting block 27, the transmission rotating shaft 29 rotates to drive the hinge shaft 16 connected with the transmission rotating shaft to rotate, the hinge shaft 16 rotates to drive the corresponding hinge rod 7 to swing, the hinge rod 7 swings to drive the ladder frame 3 to swing downwards, and the ladder frame 3 drives the guardrail 2 to swing downwards to be folded.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ladder stand, it is including the ladder frame that is used for climbing, to climbing the guardrail that the eminence played the guard action, its characterized in that: one side of the ladder frame facing the building wall is hinged and installed on one side of the building wall through a plurality of groups of hinge rods which are uniformly distributed up and down; one end of each of the two hinge rods in each group of hinge rods is respectively connected with the ladder frame in a hinge mode, and the other end of each of the two hinge rods is respectively arranged in the building wall in a first hinge mode; the guardrail consists of a guardrail cross rod, a guardrail vertical rod and a guardrail stop rod; one ends of two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods are fixedly connected through a guardrail stop rod, the other ends of the two guardrail cross rods are arranged on one side of the ladder frame, which is opposite to the building wall, in a hinged mode, and the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods and the guardrail stop rod fixed at one end of the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods form a complete guardrail unit; the plurality of guardrail units are uniformly arranged on one side of the ladder frame back to the building wall from top to bottom; two adjacent guardrail units are hinged and connected through two symmetrically distributed guardrail vertical rods, and the hinged position of each guardrail vertical rod and the corresponding guardrail transverse rod is positioned at one end of the corresponding guardrail transverse rod for installing the guardrail stop rod; two guardrail cross rods in the guardrail unit at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with two hinge rods in a group of hinge rods at the upper side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

2. A ladder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of groups of articulated rod storage grooves are uniformly formed in the building wall up and down, and the side surfaces of two articulated rod storage grooves in each group of articulated rod storage grooves are provided with a mounting hole; each mounting hole is internally provided with a fixed shaft sleeve; one end of each hinge rod is respectively arranged in the corresponding hinge rod storage groove in a one-to-one correspondence mode through the rotating fit of one hinge shaft and one fixed shaft sleeve.

3. A ladder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a second mounting groove is formed in the inner end face of one of the two mounting holes in the lower side of the building wall, and a first mounting groove penetrating through the building wall is formed in the end face, close to the building wall face, of the second mounting groove;

the adjusting mechanism comprises a worm, a connecting structure, a worm wheel, a volute spiral spring, a first driving block, a shifting block, a transmission rotating shaft and a second driving block, wherein one end of the transmission rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a hinged shaft on one hinged rod in a group of hinged rods positioned on the lower side; the worm wheel is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft in a rotating fit mode, a volute spiral spring is arranged between the worm wheel and the transmission rotating shaft, the inner end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transmission rotating shaft, and the outer end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the end face of the worm wheel; the shifting block is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft, the first driving block and the second driving block are arranged on the end surface of the worm wheel, and the first driving block and the second driving block are matched with the shifting block; the worm wheel and the volute spiral spring are positioned in the second mounting groove; the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second sliding blocks through a connecting structure, the worm is nested in the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel; the worm is positioned in the first mounting groove; the volute spiral spring has pre-pressure.

4. A ladder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: cavities are formed in the two hinge rods on the lower side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods, and one end of each cavity is provided with an avoidance notch; two hinge holes are symmetrically formed in the two cavities, two sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the lower ends of the longitudinal rods of the two ladder frames on the ladder frames, and two symmetrically-distributed clamping grooves are formed in the two sides of the two arc grooves; one step rod positioned at the lowest side on the ladder frame is arranged between the two ladder frame longitudinal rods in a sliding fit manner;

the limiting mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, a driving rod, a connecting rod, a limiting arc plate, hinged rotating shafts and a clamping mechanism, wherein the telescopic rod is provided with a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic inner rod which slides in the telescopic outer sleeve; a driving rod is installed at one end of a telescopic inner rod at one end of the telescopic rod in a hinged mode, the lower end of the driving rod penetrates through an avoidance notch on the corresponding hinge rod and is located on the outer side of the hinge rod, a connecting rod is installed on the driving rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through a corresponding sliding groove on a longitudinal rod of the ladder frame and is fixedly connected with one end of a step rod located on the lowest side of the ladder frame; a second return spring is arranged between the connecting rod and the bottom surface of the sliding chute; the limiting arc plate is provided with a limiting groove and is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the hinge rod storage groove corresponding to the hinge rod; the limiting groove formed on the limiting arc plate is in limiting fit with the arc-shaped chuck on the limiting rod; two clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged in the sliding groove;

5. A ladder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: install second sealing rubber on the side of above-mentioned ladder frame building wall dorsad, the hinge bar installs first sealing rubber on mentioning the up end after, installs fourth sealing rubber on the up end of the guardrail horizontal pole of guardrail, and fifth sealing rubber is installed to the upper end of guardrail pin, installs third sealing rubber on the side of guardrail montant.

6. A ladder as claimed in claim 3, wherein: two rows of protective elastic blocks are symmetrically arranged at two ends of one side of the ladder frame, which is close to the building wall, from top to bottom.

7. A ladder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the end face of one end of the worm, which is positioned in the fixed sleeve, is provided with a hexagonal groove, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary hexagonal head is inserted into the hexagonal groove on the worm to drive the worm to rotate.

8. A ladder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two guardrail cross bars in the above-mentioned guardrail unit that is located the top and two articulated rods in the upper side's a set of articulated rods in the multiunit articulated rod pass through welded mode fixed connection.

9. A ladder as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the guardrail stop lever is fixedly arranged at the upper side of one end of each corresponding guardrail cross rod and is higher than the guardrail cross rods.

10. A ladder as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the driving mode of the worm can be driven by a key and a key groove, the key groove is formed in the end face of one end, located in the fixed sleeve, of the worm, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary rod with the key is inserted into the key groove in the worm to drive the worm to rotate.