CN111042146A - Construction method of deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of coastal karst stratum - Google Patents
Construction method of deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of coastal karst stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111042146A CN111042146A CN201911091815.4A CN201911091815A CN111042146A CN 111042146 A CN111042146 A CN 111042146A CN 201911091815 A CN201911091815 A CN 201911091815A CN 111042146 A CN111042146 A CN 111042146A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
- E02D19/16—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by placing or applying sealing substances
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
- E02D19/18—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by making use of sealing aprons, e.g. diaphragms made from bituminous or clay material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a deep foundation pit supporting and seepage-proofing system of a coastal karst stratum, which comprises a supporting structure, a karst cave treatment structure and a horizontal waterproof curtain. The karst cave treatment measures can prevent the risk of rapid development of the karst cave under the action of underground water, avoid the risks of collapse of the supporting structure during construction and inrush of the foundation pit under the action of high-water-head karst confined water, and improve the capability of resisting local karst collapse of the foundation. The combined supporting system of the drilling secant pile and the inner support has the advantages of good supporting effect and small deformation capacity of a supporting structure, waterproof measures such as a waterproof curtain and the like are not required to be additionally assisted, and the water seepage condition of the side wall of a foundation pit rarely occurs. The horizontal waterproof curtain provided by the invention adopts a grouting mode to perform waterproof treatment on the bottom area of the foundation pit, so that an effective channel of karst fracture water at the bottom of the pit can be effectively cut off, and the problem of water burst at the bottom of the pit is thoroughly solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit engineering, in particular to a construction method of a deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of a coastal karst stratum.
Background
The coastal karst stratum belongs to complex hydrogeological conditions and has higher requirements on the supporting and seepage-proofing capacity of foundation pit engineering. Karst is the general term for various surface and underground corrosion phenomena caused by chemical erosion, disintegration, mechanical destruction, transportation and deposition of soluble rock formations (carbonates, sulfates, halides, etc.) by surface water and groundwater. With the prosperity and development of the economy of China, various building projects are pulled out like bamboo shoots in spring after rain. Among various civil engineering, geotechnical engineering plays an important role. In the case of geotechnical engineering of the coastal karst stratum, because the coastal karst stratum contains abundant fracture water, in the excavation process of a deep foundation pit (a foundation pit with the excavation depth of more than 5 m), the side wall and the bottom of the foundation pit are faced with serious karst fracture water problems, and corresponding water stopping measures are necessary. If a conventional foundation pit pile anchor supporting structure is adopted, the water seepage situation of the side wall cannot be completely avoided even if a vertical water-stopping curtain is additionally arranged, and the water leakage situation at the bottom of the pit cannot be completely treated. Similar difficulties are encountered with the remaining forms of supporting structures. Similar to the supporting form of the underground continuous wall, the cost is higher. At present, few construction examples of deep foundation pits in karst development areas at home and abroad exist, mature technical experiences are not available, and an effective method for treating the deep foundation pits in the coastal karst stratum is absolutely required to be explored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of water seepage of foundation pit engineering of a coastal karst stratum and provides a construction method of a deep foundation pit support seepage-proofing system of the coastal karst stratum, which can effectively solve the problem of serious water seepage in the excavation process of a deep foundation pit of the coastal karst stratum.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a construction method of a deep foundation pit supporting seepage-proofing system of a coastal karst stratum comprises a supporting structure, a karst cave treatment structure and a horizontal waterproof curtain, wherein the supporting structure comprises a drilling secant pile and a crown beam, the drilling secant pile is arranged on the periphery of a foundation pit and forms a closed seepage-proofing body, and the crown beam is arranged at the top of the drilling secant pile; the karst cave treatment structure is positioned at the periphery of the foundation pit and below the bottom of the foundation pit; the horizontal waterproof curtain is arranged right below the bottom of the foundation pit.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
A. measuring and placing a ground red line for construction, finishing the setting of a construction enclosure, and carrying out foundation pit construction after leveling the ground;
B. and in order to ensure the safety of the foundation pit, carrying out karst cave treatment within the range of 10m below the bottom of the foundation pit and 5m around the foundation pit. The processing method comprises the following steps:
b1, for the semi-filled karst cave, filling gravel and broken stone, and then grouting cement-water glass slurry through the grouting holes to form a semi-filled karst cave treatment body;
b2, for the unfilled karst cave, filling gravel and broken stone, and then grouting cement-water glass slurry through the grouting holes to form an unfilled karst cave treatment body;
b3, directly carrying out grouting on cement-water glass slurry through the grouting holes to form a full-filling karst cave treatment body;
C. the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a firm construction guide groove in advance according to the position of a drilling secant pile of a design drawing, positioning a pile point of the drilling secant pile by using a measuring instrument, selecting corresponding drilling equipment, constructing a first batch of drilled holes, and pouring plain concrete into the first batch of drilled holes to form a plain concrete poured pile;
D. after the first batch of drilling plain concrete is poured for 60 +/-2 hours, namely before the concrete is initially set, performing second batch of drilling construction between two holes of the first batch of drilling holes, after the drilling is finished, putting a reinforcement cage and pouring concrete to form a reinforced concrete pouring pile, and embedding the reinforced concrete pouring pile between the plain concrete pouring piles to form a drilling occlusion pile;
E. after the construction of the drilled secant pile is finished and the periphery of the foundation pit is sealed by the drilled secant pile, starting the construction of a pile top crown beam;
F. preparing cement slurry according to the design proportion, preparing the cement slurry, and then doping the cement slurry into the water glass; the cement paste has the water cement mass ratio of 0.75-1, and the water glass doping amount is 2-4% of the cement paste mass;
G. grouting through the grouting holes at a position right below the bottom of the foundation pit to form a horizontal waterproof curtain, and ensuring that the jacking force of the bearing water at the lower part of the horizontal waterproof curtain is not greater than the soil pressure above the horizontal waterproof curtain;
H. excavating foundation pits in layers from the ground;
I. after the foundation pit is excavated to the designed elevation, the bottom of the foundation pit is leveled manually, then a broken stone mattress layer and a C15 concrete mattress layer are constructed according to the design requirement, and the mattress layer is leveled according to the design requirement.
Preferably, waist beams are arranged on the inner sides of the drilled secant piles, and inner supports are arranged between the waist beams on the left side and the right side; step H also comprises erecting a wale and an inner support.
Preferably, the thickness of the horizontal waterproof curtain formed by grouting through the grouting holes in the step G is more than 3 m.
The drilling equipment adopts a full casing drilling machine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the karst cave treatment measures can prevent the risk of rapid development of the karst cave under the action of underground water, avoid the risks of collapse of the supporting structure during construction and inrush of the foundation pit under the action of high-water-head karst confined water, and improve the capability of resisting local karst collapse of the foundation.
2. The combined supporting system of the drilling secant pile and the inner support has the advantages of good supporting effect and small deformation capacity of a supporting structure, waterproof measures such as a waterproof curtain and the like are not required to be additionally assisted, and the water seepage condition of the side wall of a foundation pit rarely occurs. Compared with other enclosure structure forms (such as underground continuous walls and the like) meeting the same engineering requirements, the comprehensive economic benefit has obvious advantages:
① reinforcing bar ratio is low, drilled interlocking pile is usually arranged by reinforced concrete pile and plain concrete pile, reinforcing bar ratio of supporting structure is greatly reduced, ② impervious capability is stronger, drilled interlocking pile is constructed continuously, construction joint does not exist between piles, construction joint at framing joint of underground continuous wall is weak link of seepage prevention, ③ construction is flexible, because the drilled interlocking pile can be turned and changed line according to requirement, it is more suitable for constructing some plane changeable geometric figure or foundation pit with various arc shape, ④ adopts full casing drill, in construction process, there is always advanced steel casing protecting wall, so mud protecting wall is not needed, cost of mud making, using and waste mud treatment is saved, ⑤ reaming (filling) coefficient is smaller, because there is steel casing protecting wall all the time in construction process, concrete collapse of hole wall is avoided completely, thereby reducing reaming (filling) coefficient and reducing pouring amount.
3. The horizontal waterproof curtain provided by the invention adopts a grouting mode to perform waterproof treatment on the bottom area of the foundation pit, so that an effective channel of karst fracture water at the bottom of the pit can be effectively cut off, and the problem of water burst at the bottom of the pit is thoroughly solved.
4. The water glass adopted by the invention is a commonly used grouting material, has strong cohesive force and strong acid corrosion resistance, can enter capillary pores, and blocks the pores of the material after hardening to prevent the permeation. The water glass slurry has the characteristics of short gelling time, good injectability and controllability and the like. The cement water glass slurry is used as a grouting material, so that the setting time of the cement slurry is shortened, the cement slurry is prevented from being eroded by underground water and not easy to solidify, and the water interception and seepage prevention performance of the horizontal waterproof curtain can be obviously improved.
5. The horizontal waterproof curtain and the drilling secant pile jointly form a waterproof and anti-seepage system, so that a good closed body is formed on the side wall of the foundation pit and the bottom of the foundation pit, the drilling secant pile around the foundation pit and the horizontal waterproof curtain below the substrate can better play a role in supporting, and the influence of soil around the foundation pit on the stability of the foundation pit is small.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system during construction of a drilling secant pile.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a foundation pit supporting seepage-proofing system when a waterproof curtain is horizontally constructed.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system during foundation pit excavation.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drilled bite pile.
In the figure: 1. the method comprises the following steps of 1, ground 2, a drilled secant pile 3, the bottom of a foundation pit 4, a horizontal waterproof curtain 5, an inner support 6, a waist beam 7, a crown beam 8, a karst cave treatment structure 9, a grouting hole 21, a plain concrete pouring pile 22 and a reinforced concrete pouring pile.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a construction method of a deep foundation pit supporting seepage-proofing system of a coastal karst stratum comprises a supporting structure, a karst cave treatment structure 8 and a horizontal waterproof curtain 4, wherein the supporting structure comprises drilling secant piles 2, waist beams 6, crown beams 7 and inner supports 5, the drilling secant piles 2 are arranged around a foundation pit and form a closed seepage-proofing body, the top of the drilling secant pile 2 is provided with the crown beams 7, the inner side of the drilling secant pile 2 is provided with the waist beams 6, and the inner supports 5 are arranged between the waist beams 6 on the left side and the right side; the karst cave treatment structure 8 is positioned at the periphery of the foundation pit and below the bottom 3 of the foundation pit; the horizontal waterproof curtain 4 is arranged right below the bottom 3 of the foundation pit.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
A. measuring and placing a ground red line for construction, finishing the setting of a construction enclosure, and carrying out foundation pit construction after leveling the ground;
B. in order to ensure the safety of the foundation pit, carrying out karst cave treatment within the range of 10m below the bottom 3 of the foundation pit and 5m around the foundation pit; the processing method comprises the following steps:
b1, for the semi-filled karst cave, filling gravel and broken stone, and then grouting cement-water glass slurry through the grouting holes 9 to form a semi-filled karst cave treatment body;
b2, for the unfilled karst cave, filling gravel and broken stone, and then grouting the cement-water glass slurry through the grouting holes 9 to form an unfilled karst cave treatment body;
b3, directly carrying out grouting on cement water glass slurry through the grouting holes 9 to form a full-filling karst cave treatment body for the full-filling karst cave;
C. a firm construction guide groove is made in advance according to the position of the drilled secant pile 2 of a design drawing, a measuring instrument is used for positioning the pile point of the drilled secant pile 2, corresponding drilling equipment is selected, a first batch of drilled holes are constructed, plain concrete is poured into the first batch of drilled holes, and a plain concrete pouring pile 21 is formed;
D. after the first batch of drilling plain concrete is poured for 60 +/-2 hours, namely before the concrete is initially set, performing second batch of drilling construction between two holes of the first batch of drilling holes, after the drilling is finished, putting a reinforcement cage and pouring concrete to form reinforced concrete pouring piles 22, and embedding the reinforced concrete pouring piles 22 between the plain concrete pouring piles 21 to form drilling secant piles 2;
E. after the construction of the drilled secant pile 2 is finished and the periphery of the foundation pit is sealed by the drilled secant pile 2, the construction of a pile top crown beam 7 is started;
F. preparing cement slurry according to the design proportion, preparing the cement slurry, and then doping the cement slurry into the water glass; the cement paste has the water cement mass ratio of 0.75-1, and the water glass doping amount is 2-4% of the cement paste mass;
G. grouting the position right below the bottom 3 of the foundation pit through the grouting holes 9 to form a horizontal waterproof curtain 4, and ensuring that the jacking force of the bearing water at the lower part of the horizontal waterproof curtain 4 is not greater than the soil pressure above the horizontal waterproof curtain 4;
H. excavating foundation pits in layers from the ground 1, and erecting a waist beam 6 and an inner support 5 in time;
I. after the foundation pit is excavated to the designed elevation, the bottom 3 of the foundation pit is leveled manually, then a broken stone mattress layer and a C15 concrete mattress layer are constructed according to the design requirement, and the mattress layer is leveled according to the design requirement.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and any equivalent idea or change within the technical scope of the present invention is to be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A construction method of a deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of a coastal karst stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps: the deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system for the coastal karst stratum comprises a supporting structure, a karst cave treatment structure (8) and a horizontal waterproof curtain (4), wherein the supporting structure comprises drilling secant piles (2) and a crown beam (7), the drilling secant piles (2) are arranged on the periphery of a foundation pit and form a closed anti-seepage body, and the crown beam (7) is arranged at the top of the drilling secant piles (2); the karst cave treatment structure (8) is positioned at the periphery of the foundation pit and below the bottom (3) of the foundation pit; the horizontal waterproof curtain (4) is arranged right below the bottom (3) of the foundation pit;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
A. measuring and placing a ground red line for construction, finishing the setting of a construction enclosure, and carrying out foundation pit construction after leveling the ground;
B. in order to ensure the safety of the foundation pit, carrying out karst cave treatment within the range of 10m below the bottom (3) of the foundation pit and 5m around the foundation pit; the processing method comprises the following steps:
b1, for the semi-filled karst cave, filling gravel and broken stone, and then grouting cement-water glass slurry through the grouting holes (9) to form a semi-filled karst cave treatment body;
b2, for the unfilled karst cave, filling gravel and broken stone, and then grouting cement-water glass slurry through a grouting hole (9) to form an unfilled karst cave treatment body;
b3, directly carrying out grouting on cement water glass slurry through the grouting holes (9) to form a full-filling karst cave treatment body;
C. a firm construction guide groove is made in advance according to the position of the drilling secant pile (2) of a design drawing, a measuring instrument is used for positioning the pile point of the drilling secant pile (2), corresponding drilling equipment is selected, a first batch of drilling holes are constructed, plain concrete is poured into the first batch of drilling holes, and a plain concrete pouring pile (21) is formed;
D. after the first batch of drilled plain concrete is poured for 60 +/-2 hours, namely before the concrete is initially set, performing second batch of drilling construction between two holes of the first batch of drilled holes, after drilling is completed, putting a reinforcement cage and pouring concrete to form reinforced concrete pouring piles (22), and embedding the reinforced concrete pouring piles (22) between the plain concrete pouring piles (21) to form drilled interlocking piles (2);
E. after the construction of the drilling secant pile (2) is finished and the periphery of the foundation pit is sealed by the drilling secant pile (2), the construction of a pile top crown beam (7) is started;
F. preparing cement slurry according to the design proportion, preparing the cement slurry, and then doping the cement slurry into the water glass; the cement paste has the water cement mass ratio of 0.75-1, and the water glass doping amount is 2-4% of the cement paste mass;
G. grouting through a grouting hole (9) at a position right below the bottom (3) of the foundation pit to form a horizontal waterproof curtain (4), and ensuring that the jacking force of confined water at the lower part of the horizontal waterproof curtain (4) is not greater than the soil pressure above the horizontal waterproof curtain (4);
H. excavating foundation pits in layers from the ground (1);
I. after the foundation pit is excavated to the designed elevation, the bottom (3) of the foundation pit is leveled manually, then a broken stone mattress layer and a C15 concrete mattress layer are constructed according to the design requirement, and the mattress layer is leveled according to the design requirement.
2. The construction method of the deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of the coastal karst stratum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: waist beams (6) are arranged on the inner sides of the drilled secant piles (2), and inner supports (5) are arranged between the waist beams on the left side and the right side; and the step H also comprises erecting a wale (6) and an inner support (6).
3. The construction method of the deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of the coastal karst stratum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and G, the thickness of the horizontal waterproof curtain (4) formed by grouting through the grouting holes (9) is more than 3 m.
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| CN201911091815.4A CN111042146A (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Construction method of deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of coastal karst stratum |
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| CN201911091815.4A CN111042146A (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Construction method of deep foundation pit supporting anti-seepage system of coastal karst stratum |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113152412A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Foundation pit slope karst seepage-proofing reinforcing treatment method |
| CN113235612A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-10 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | Deep foundation pit supporting construction method for soft soil foundation high-pressure-bearing water environment adjacent to high-speed rail |
| CN113293773A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-24 | 中铁二十三局集团第二工程有限公司 | Foundation pit supporting system and construction method thereof |
| CN113324454A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-08-31 | 广东中人岩土工程有限公司 | Karst geological foundation pit blasting construction device and process thereof |
| CN115094915A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-23 | 浙江土工岩土科技有限公司 | Grooving construction method for slightly weathered volcanic geological underground continuous wall |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113152412A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Foundation pit slope karst seepage-proofing reinforcing treatment method |
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| CN113324454B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-09-02 | 广东中人岩土工程有限公司 | Karst geological foundation pit blasting construction device and process thereof |
| CN115094915A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-23 | 浙江土工岩土科技有限公司 | Grooving construction method for slightly weathered volcanic geological underground continuous wall |
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