CN111041308B - Production process of 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece - Google Patents
Production process of 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN111041308B CN111041308B CN201911397649.0A CN201911397649A CN111041308B CN 111041308 B CN111041308 B CN 111041308B CN 201911397649 A CN201911397649 A CN 201911397649A CN 111041308 B CN111041308 B CN 111041308B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy preparation, and relates to a production process of a 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece, wherein the workpiece is a thin-wall section, and the production process comprises the following steps: aluminum alloy is proportioned according to a certain mass percentage; smelting the prepared aluminum alloy, degassing, removing slag thoroughly, and casting an aluminum alloy ingot with qualified composition and structure; extruding the aluminum alloy cast ingot at an extrusion ratio of 9/1 to obtain an aluminum alloy thin-wall section; carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy thin-wall section, freely heating the solution temperature to 485 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 3h, then heating the solution temperature to 505 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/h, preserving the temperature for 15-18min, and quenching the aluminum alloy thin-wall section after solution treatment by adopting a mixed solution; the invention adopts the strengthening solid solution with relatively higher temperature, is more beneficial to the performance of the material, can greatly reduce the size and the number of the second phase, has more uniform structure and improves the mechanical property of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy preparation, and relates to a production process of a 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece.
Background
The 2-series aluminum alloy is taken as a typical Al-Cu-series alloy, has high strength, good forgeability and good heat resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace and the like. The alloy can obtain excellent working performance after being treated by the processes of solution quenching, aging and the like. The traditional solid solution temperature is lower than the non-equilibrium low eutectic melting point, so that coarse compound phases cannot be completely dissolved, but the improvement of the solid solution temperature and the prolonging of the solid solution time can cause the increase of recrystallization and the growth of crystal grains, which are unfavorable for the mechanical property of the alloy, so that the improvement of the solid solution process is necessary to ensure that the alloy achieves better mechanical property.
The water is used as the aluminum alloy solid solution quenching medium and has wide application. The quenching of the 2-series aluminum alloy has the defects of high quenching sensitivity, high cooling speed, overlong film boiling stage, low soaking speed and difficulty in control, particularly, when a machined part and a thin-wall aluminum alloy section which are processed at high precision are quenched by water, the quenching deformation of the part is serious, the subsequent correction difficulty is very high, even the correction is difficult, and the part is scrapped due to out-of-tolerance, so that huge economic loss is caused, and the significance in optimizing and improving the quenching process of the part is remarkable. Meanwhile, the 2-series aluminum alloy has poor corrosion resistance, but because intergranular corrosion occurs in crystal grains, the intergranular corrosion is not easy to be perceived, and the component structure is suddenly cracked, even more serious accidents are caused, so that the elimination or improvement of the intergranular corrosion of the alloy has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a production process of a 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece, which adopts a relatively higher temperature for strengthening solid solution, is more beneficial to the material performance, can greatly reduce the size and the number of second phases, has a more uniform structure, and improves the mechanical properties of the material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a production process of a 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece comprises the following steps:
A. preparing materials: the aluminum alloy is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: cu: 3.9-4.8%, Si: 0.6-1.2%, Mg:
0.40～0.8％、Zn：≤0.30％、Mn：0.40～1.0％、Ti：≤0.15％、Ni：≤0.10％、Fe：≤
0.70 percent and the balance of Al;
B. smelting: smelting the prepared aluminum alloy, degassing, removing slag thoroughly, and casting an aluminum alloy ingot with qualified composition and structure;
C. extruding: extruding the aluminum alloy cast ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy thin-wall section, wherein the extrusion ratio is 9-15;
D. strengthening solid solution: carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy thin-wall section, freely heating the solution temperature to 485 +/-5 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 3h, then heating to 505 +/-5 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-15 ℃/h, preserving the temperature for 15-18min, and quenching the aluminum alloy thin-wall section after solution treatment by adopting a mixed solution;
E. aging heat treatment: and (3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy thin-wall section, and carrying out heat preservation for 8 hours at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ under the condition of T6.
Optionally, the mixed solution in the strengthening solid solution step is prepared by PAG, BW and H2O according to a ratio of 4:3:13, respectively.
Optionally, the smelting temperature in the smelting step is 730-750 ℃, a refining agent is added in the smelting process, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and then the mixture is kept stand for 12-15 min.
Optionally, the refining agent is hexachloroethane, and the addition amount is 0.3-0.4%.
Optionally, the extrusion temperature in the extrusion step is 420-440 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 1-1.5 m/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the production process of the 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece, the enhanced solid solution at a relatively higher temperature is adopted, so that the dissolution and solid solution of a second phase are more facilitated, and the material performance is also more facilitated; the strengthening solution treatment can greatly reduce the size and the quantity of the second phase, the structure is more uniform, and the strength of the material is higher.
2. The invention discloses a production process of a 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece, which is prepared by adopting PAG, BW and H2O according to the proportion of 4:3: 13. When the BW water-based quenching solution cools the aluminum profile, the solution concentration on the surface of the aluminum profile quickly reaches the inverse melting point, and the polymer is separated out and adhered to the surface of the metal to form a layer of polymer isolating membrane. The barrier film has a heat insulating effect, thereby reducing the cooling rate. By changing the concentration and temperature of the solution and adjusting the quenching cooling speed, the proper concentration of the solution between water and oil is obtained, not only can satisfactory mechanical properties be obtained, but also the deformation of parts can be reduced to the minimum. The PAG quenching agent can also provide the cooling characteristic between water and oil, namely, a wide cooling speed between the water and the oil can be obtained by changing the concentration, the temperature and the like of a polymer solution, the deformation and the cracking tendency can be obviously reduced, and the intergranular corrosion resistance of the PAG quenching agent can be correspondingly improved, so that the defect that the high intergranular corrosion performance is obtained at the expense of strength in the traditional process is overcome.
3. According to the production process of the 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece, solute atoms have sufficient time to nucleate and separate out and diffuse to a crystal boundary during quenching, the number of precipitated phases separated out at the crystal boundary is increased, and the size of the precipitated phases is correspondingly increased; after quenching and aging treatment, coarse and discontinuous phases are separated out on intergranular phases, so that continuous corrosion channels are not easy to form, the corrosion behavior along the grain boundary is reduced, and the intergranular corrosion resistance is improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,
a production process of a 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece comprises the following steps:
A. preparing materials: the aluminum alloy is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Ni | Zn | Ti | Al |
| Content (wt.) | 0.60 | 0.70 | 3.90 | 0.4 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.3 | 0.15 | Balance of |
B. Smelting: smelting the prepared aluminum alloy, degassing, removing slag thoroughly, casting an aluminum alloy ingot with qualified components and tissues, wherein the smelting temperature is 750 ℃, a hexachloroethane refining agent is added in the smelting process, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and then is kept stand for 15min, and the addition amount of the hexachloroethane refining agent is 0.4%;
C. extruding: extruding the aluminum alloy cast ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy thin-wall section, wherein the extrusion temperature is 440 ℃, the extrusion speed is 1.2m/min, and the extrusion ratio is 9;
D. strengthening solid solution: carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy thin-wall section, freely heating the solution temperature to 485 ℃ firstly, keeping the temperature for 3H, then heating the solution temperature to 505 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/H, keeping the temperature for 18min, quenching the aluminum alloy thin-wall section after solution treatment by adopting a mixed solution of PAG, BW and H2O, and carrying out PAG: BW: H2O ═ 20: 15: 65;
E. aging heat treatment: and (3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy thin-wall section, and carrying out heat preservation for 8 hours at 160 ℃ under the condition of T6.
In this embodiment, the adoption of a relatively higher temperature for strengthening solid solution is more beneficial to the dissolution and solid solution of the second phase, and is more beneficial to the performance of the material, the strengthening solid solution treatment can greatly reduce the size and the number of the second phase, the structure is more uniform, the strength of the material is higher, and compared with the prior art, the tensile strength, the yield strength, the elongation and the corrosivity of the material are all significantly improved, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The production process of the 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. preparing materials: the aluminum alloy is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: cu: 3.9-4.8%, Si: 0.6-1.2%, Mg: 0.40-0.8%, Zn: less than or equal to 0.30 percent, Mn: 0.40 to 1.0%, Ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Ni: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.70 percent and the balance of Al;
B. smelting: smelting the prepared aluminum alloy, degassing, removing slag thoroughly, and casting an aluminum alloy ingot with qualified composition and structure;
C. extruding: extruding the aluminum alloy cast ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy thin-wall section, wherein the extrusion ratio is 9-15;
D. strengthening solid solution: carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy thin-wall section, freely heating the solution temperature to 485 +/-5 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 3H, then heating to 505 +/-5 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-15 ℃/H, preserving the temperature for 15-18min, quenching the aluminum alloy thin-wall section after solution treatment by adopting a mixed solution, and respectively modulating the mixed solution by adopting PAG, BW and H2O according to the ratio of 4:3: 13;
E. aging heat treatment: and (3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy thin-wall section, and carrying out heat preservation for 8 hours at the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃ under the condition of T6.
2. The production process of the 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the smelting temperature in the smelting step is 730-750 ℃, the refining agent is added in the smelting process, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and then the mixture is kept stand for 12-15 min.
3. The production process of the 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the refining agent is hexachloroethane, and the addition amount is 0.3-0.4%.
4. The production process of the 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the extrusion temperature in the extrusion step is 420-440 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 1-1.5 m/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911397649.0A CN111041308B (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Production process of 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece |
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| CN201911397649.0A CN111041308B (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Production process of 2-series aluminum alloy thin-wall section workpiece |
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| CN111041308B true CN111041308B (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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| CN112708833A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | High-temperature solid solution process for 2A14 aluminum alloy ring piece |
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| CN104451296A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing 2-series aluminum alloy |
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