CN113881877A - Aluminum alloy strip and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy strip and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113881877A CN113881877A CN202111174142.6A CN202111174142A CN113881877A CN 113881877 A CN113881877 A CN 113881877A CN 202111174142 A CN202111174142 A CN 202111174142A CN 113881877 A CN113881877 A CN 113881877A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy strip and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy strip preparation. The components of the composition are as follows: less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, 0.12 to 0.25 percent of Cu0.2 percent of Mn, 4.0 to 5.0 percent of Mg4, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: casting, ingot casting homogenization treatment, hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous heat treatment in an air cushion type heat treatment furnace, cold rolling, stabilization treatment, straightening and cutting. According to the aluminum alloy strip, the alloy component proportion is reasonably controlled, and meanwhile, the traditional production process is improved, so that the aluminum alloy strip which is high in strength, uniform in structure and easy to punch and form is obtained, and the aluminum alloy strip has popularization practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy strip preparation, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy strip and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The impeller for small household appliances such as a dust collector mainly comprises three parts: the middle piece and the lower piece are small in processing difficulty, the middle piece is only subjected to simple bending deformation, and the lower piece is only subjected to punching treatment; the processing difficulty of the top cover is high, a certain stretching height exists, and the height of a stretched necking is not enough or the stretch cracking occurs after the ductility of the material is poor. Along with the transformation of products to light weight and miniaturization, if the function is not attenuated, the best solution at present is to increase the rotating speed of the impeller, the impeller made of the original 5052 aluminum alloy base material cannot work for a long time at a high rotating speed (more than 1 ten thousand turns) and at a higher temperature (such as a hand dryer), and the structural decomposition and burst phenomenon occurs in the test. Therefore, a new high-strength aluminum alloy material needs to be selected or designed again to adapt to high speed, higher temperature and long-time operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy strip and a preparation method and application thereof so as to meet the requirements of high speed, high temperature and long-time work of an impeller.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. an aluminum alloy strip consists of the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, 0.12 to 0.25 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Mn, 4.0 to 5.0 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.15% of Si, 0.3% of Fe, 0.22% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 4.5% of Mg, 0.08% of Cr, 0.2% of Zn, 0.06% of Ti, and the balance of Al, and inevitable impurities.
2. A preparation method of an aluminum alloy strip comprises the following steps:
s1, casting: preparing materials according to the components and weight percentage of the aluminum alloy, forming alloy aluminum liquid through melting, refining, deslagging and degassing, and then performing semi-continuous casting to obtain an aluminum alloy slab ingot;
s2, ingot casting homogenization treatment: sawing the head and the tail of a flat ingot, milling the surface of the flat ingot, performing primary homogenization treatment for 3-6 hours at the temperature of 400-480 ℃, and performing secondary homogenization treatment for 5-9 hours at the temperature of 500-550 ℃;
s3, hot rolling: carrying out hot rough rolling on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the homogenization treatment of S2 at the initial rolling temperature of 420-470 ℃, and carrying out hot finish rolling at the final rolling temperature of 300-350 ℃ so that the thickness of the aluminum alloy product subjected to the hot finish rolling is 2.2-4.5 mm;
s4, cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy product obtained in the step S3, and reserving the machining rate of 40-60%;
s5, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy strip subjected to the S4 cold rolling in an air cushion type continuous heat treatment furnace at the temperature of 400-460 ℃ and the speed of 20-35 m/min;
s6, cold rolling: rolling the aluminum alloy product treated by the S5 to 0.6-0.8 mm;
s7, stabilizing treatment: stabilizing the aluminum alloy product treated by the S6 at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 2-6 h;
s8, straightening and cutting: and straightening the finished product obtained in the step S7 through stretching and bending, and then cutting to obtain the aluminum alloy strip for the impeller with high strength and high rotating speed.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the first homogenization treatment of the cast ingot is 400-480 ℃, and the time is 4 hours.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the second homogenization treatment of the cast ingot is 500-550 ℃, and the time is 7 hours.
Wherein, the ingot casting is subjected to twice homogenization treatment, so that the low-melting-point phase in the aluminum alloy product can be fully melted back, and the compound distribution is more dispersed and uniform. And tests show that the compounds in the aluminum alloy product obtained after the ingot casting is subjected to primary homogenization treatment are not uniformly distributed, and the compounds in the aluminum alloy product subjected to homogenization treatment twice under different temperature conditions are uniformly distributed.
Among them, from the viewpoint of energy saving and emission reduction, the ingot homogenization treatment is preferably performed in a pusher-type heating furnace.
Preferably, in S3, the finish rolling temperature of the hot finish rolling is 340 ℃, and the thickness of the aluminum alloy product after the hot finish rolling is 4.0 mm.
Preferably, in S4, the reserved cold working rate is 40%.
Preferably, in S5, the continuous heat treatment temperature is 420 ℃ and the speed is 27 m/min.
The aluminum alloy product is processed by the continuous heat treatment furnace, so that the recrystallization of the aluminum alloy product is more sufficient, the crystal grains are finer, the ductility of the product can be improved, and the finished product is favorable for stamping and stretching.
Preferably, in the S7, the aluminum alloy product is stabilized for 3 hours at the temperature of 220 ℃.
Wherein, the product after the stabilizing treatment improves the internal residual stress distribution of the strip again, avoids the performance attenuation when the product is used under the conditions of subsequent processing deformation and higher temperature, and ensures that the product is more stable in use.
Preferably, in S8, the aluminum alloy article is stretch-bent into a straightened sheet shape.
The stretching, bending and straightening aims to release the internal stress of the strip, so that the plate surface is flat, and subsequent slitting and stamping are facilitated. The tensile strength of the optimized aluminum alloy strip is more than 345MPa, which is about 100MPa higher than that of the original 5052 aluminum alloy.
3. An application of an aluminum alloy strip.
The purity of the raw material aluminum adopted in the invention is 99.95-99.99%.
The raw materials in the preparation process of the invention can be directly purchased from the market.
Has the advantages that:
1) according to the aluminum alloy strip, Mg is used as a main alloy element, and the contents of Mg and Cu in a melt are reasonably controlled, so that the product keeps high strength during stabilizing treatment, and the aluminum alloy strip with various mechanical properties suitable for being used by a high-speed impeller is obtained;
2) according to the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip, the ingot is subjected to twice homogenization treatment, the internal segregation of the ingot is eliminated, coarse second-phase compounds are reduced, the uniform distribution of the ingot structure is ensured, the hot finish rolling temperature and thickness are controlled according to the thickness and performance requirements of a final cold-rolled finished product, a proper deformation amount is reserved in the cold rolling process, high-temperature heat treatment is carried out in a continuous heat treatment furnace, a fine and uniform recrystallization structure of crystal grains is obtained, the anisotropy of the product is improved, and the final punch forming of the product is facilitated;
3) according to the aluminum alloy strip, the alloy component proportion is reasonably controlled, and meanwhile, the traditional production process is improved, so that the aluminum alloy strip which is high in strength, stable in performance and easy to punch and form is obtained, and the aluminum alloy strip is beneficial to popularization and application in industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method of making an aluminum alloy strip of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following description in conjunction with specific embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing an aluminum alloy strip of the embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, casting: according to weight percentage, Si is 0.15%, Fe is 0.3%, Cu is 0.2%, Mn is 0.18%, Mg is 4.2%, Cr is 0.07%, Zn is 0.18%, Ti is 0.07%, and the balance is Al, alloy aluminum liquid is formed after melting, refining, deslagging and degassing, and finally, semi-continuous casting is carried out to form an aluminum alloy slab ingot;
s2, ingot casting homogenization treatment: sawing the head and the tail of a flat ingot, milling the surface of the flat ingot, performing primary homogenization treatment in a pushing type heating furnace at the temperature of 460 ℃ for 4 hours, and performing secondary homogenization treatment at the temperature of 540 ℃ for 5 hours;
s3, hot rolling: carrying out hot rough rolling on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the homogenization treatment of S2 at the initial rolling temperature of 460 ℃, and carrying out hot finish rolling at the final rolling temperature of 340 ℃ to ensure that the thickness of the aluminum alloy product subjected to the hot finish rolling is 4.0 mm;
s4, cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy product obtained in the step S3, wherein the reserved reduction ratio is 40%;
s5, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the product obtained in the step S4 in a continuous heat treatment furnace at the temperature of 420 ℃ and the speed of 27m/min to obtain the product;
s6, cold rolling: rolling the product obtained in the step S5 into a finished product;
s7, stabilizing treatment: stabilizing the finished product obtained in the step S6 at 210 ℃ for 2 h;
s8, straightening and cutting: and (5) straightening the product obtained in the step (S7) through overstretching and bending, and then cutting to obtain the aluminum alloy strip.
Through detection and analysis, the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy strip prepared by the embodiment is specifically represented by that the tensile strength at room temperature is 352 MPa.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing an aluminum alloy strip of the embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, casting: according to weight percentage, Si is 0.04%, Fe is 0.17%, Cu is 0.20%, Mn is 0.15%, Mg is 4.75%, Cr is 0.08%, Zn is 0.17%, Ti is 0.09%, and the balance is Al, alloy aluminum liquid is formed after melting, refining, deslagging and degassing, and finally, semi-continuous casting is carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy slab ingot;
s2, ingot casting homogenization treatment: sawing the head and the tail of a flat ingot, milling the surface of the flat ingot, performing primary homogenization treatment in a pushing type heating furnace at the temperature of 460 ℃ for 4 hours, and performing secondary homogenization treatment at the temperature of 540 ℃ for 6 hours;
s3, hot rolling: carrying out hot rough rolling on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the homogenization treatment of S2 at the initial rolling temperature of 470 ℃, and carrying out hot finish rolling at the final rolling temperature of 340 ℃ to ensure that the thickness of the aluminum alloy product subjected to the hot finish rolling is 4.0 mm;
s4, cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy product obtained in the step S3, wherein the reserved processing rate is 45%;
s5, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the product obtained in the step S4 in a continuous heat treatment furnace at 440 ℃ and 30 m/min;
s6, cold rolling: rolling the product obtained in the step S5 into a finished product;
s7, stabilizing treatment: stabilizing the finished product obtained in the step S6 at 200 ℃ for 2 h;
s8, straightening and cutting: and (5) straightening the product obtained in the step (S7) through overstretching and bending, and then cutting to obtain the aluminum alloy strip.
Through detection and analysis, the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy strip prepared by the embodiment is specifically represented by room-temperature tensile strength of 365 MPa.
Comparative example 1 or example 2
The preparation method of the original 5052 aluminum alloy strip comprises the following steps:
s1, casting: according to the weight percentage, Si is 0.07%, Fe is 0.31%, Cu is 0.01%, Mn is 0.07%, Mg is 2.5%, Cr is 0.19%, and the balance is Al, alloy aluminum liquid is formed after melting, refining, deslagging and degassing, and finally, semi-continuous casting is carried out to form an aluminum alloy slab ingot;
s2, ingot casting homogenization treatment: sawing the head and the tail of a flat ingot, milling the surface of the flat ingot, and homogenizing the flat ingot in a propulsion heating furnace at 480 ℃ for 3 hours;
s3, hot rolling: carrying out hot rough rolling on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the homogenization treatment of S2 at the initial rolling temperature of 480 ℃, and carrying out hot finish rolling at the final rolling temperature of 320 ℃ so that the thickness of the aluminum alloy product subjected to the hot finish rolling is 4.0 mm;
s4, cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy product obtained in the step S3, wherein the reserved reduction ratio is 40%;
s5, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the product obtained in the step S4 in a resistance heating box furnace at 320 ℃ for 4 h;
s6, cold rolling: rolling the product obtained in the step S5 into a finished product;
s7, stabilizing treatment: stabilizing the finished product obtained in the step S6 at 170 ℃ for 2 h;
s8, straightening and cutting: and (5) straightening the product obtained in the step (S7) through overstretching bending, and then cutting to obtain the aluminum alloy strip for the impeller, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy strip is 248 MPa.
The aluminum alloy strip in the embodiment 1-2 solves the problem that the aluminum alloy strip prepared by the traditional process bursts under high-speed rotation, and meets the quality requirements and processing requirements of the small household appliance market on light weight and small size transformation.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An aluminium alloy strip, characterized by consisting of, in weight percent: less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Fe, 0.12 to 0.25 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Mn, 4.0 to 5.0 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Ti, the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The aluminum alloy strip of claim 1, consisting of, in weight percent: 0.15% of Si, 0.3% of Fe, 0.22% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 4.5% of Mg, 0.08% of Cr, 0.2% of Zn, 0.06% of Ti, and the balance of Al, and inevitable impurities.
3. A method of producing an aluminium alloy strip according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, casting: preparing materials according to the components and weight percentage of the aluminum alloy, forming alloy aluminum liquid through melting, refining, deslagging and degassing, and then performing semi-continuous casting to obtain an aluminum alloy slab ingot;
s2, ingot casting homogenization treatment: sawing the head and the tail of a flat ingot, milling the surface of the flat ingot, performing primary homogenization treatment for 3-6 hours at the temperature of 400-480 ℃, and performing secondary homogenization treatment for 5-9 hours at the temperature of 500-550 ℃;
s3, hot rolling: carrying out hot rough rolling on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the homogenization treatment of S2 at the initial rolling temperature of 420-470 ℃, and carrying out hot finish rolling at the final rolling temperature of 300-350 ℃ so that the thickness of the aluminum alloy product subjected to the hot finish rolling is 2.2-4.5 mm;
s4, cold rolling: cold rolling the aluminum alloy product obtained in the step S3, and reserving the machining rate of 40-60%;
s5, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy strip subjected to the S4 cold rolling in an air cushion type continuous heat treatment furnace at the temperature of 400-460 ℃ and the speed of 20-35 m/min;
s6, cold rolling: rolling the aluminum alloy product treated by the S5 to 0.6-0.8 mm;
s7, stabilizing treatment: stabilizing the aluminum alloy product treated by the S6 at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 2-6 h;
s8, straightening and cutting: and straightening the finished product obtained in the step S7 through stretching and bending, and then cutting to obtain the aluminum alloy strip for the impeller with high strength and high rotating speed.
4. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy strip according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the first homogenization treatment of the ingot is 400-480 ℃ and the time is 4 hours.
5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy strip according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the second homogenization treatment of the ingot is 500-550 ℃ and the time is 7 hours.
6. The method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 3, wherein the finish rolling temperature of the finish hot rolling in S3 is 340 ℃, and the thickness of the aluminum alloy product after the finish hot rolling is 4.0 mm.
7. The method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 3, wherein the reserved cold deformation amount in S4 is 40%.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the continuous heat treatment temperature in S5 is 420 ℃ and the speed is 27 m/min.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein the stabilizing treatment in S7 is performed at 220 ℃ for 3 h.
10. Use of the aluminium alloy strip according to claim 1 or 2 in small, high rotational speed vacuum cleaner impellers.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115637360A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-01-24 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | 5182 alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN115786749A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-03-14 | 苏州宇上实业有限公司 | 5-series aluminum alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220104 |