CN111034710A - Method for preparing formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display - Google Patents
Method for preparing formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display Download PDFInfo
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- CN111034710A CN111034710A CN201911367211.8A CN201911367211A CN111034710A CN 111034710 A CN111034710 A CN 111034710A CN 201911367211 A CN201911367211 A CN 201911367211A CN 111034710 A CN111034710 A CN 111034710A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display, which comprises the steps of selecting a collected specimen according to a fish specimen collection standard and standard, primarily fixing specimen samples from different sources, correcting postures according to different body types of specimen fishes, further fixing the displayed specimen by formaldehyde, selecting display specimen bottles with different specifications and matched transparent supporting devices according to different body types and sizes of the fixed specimen, punching holes on the supporting devices corresponding to the positions of the head, the back of a gill cover, the front of a dorsal fin, the tail fin and the like, and fixing the holes on the supporting devices by using transparent high-elasticity fishing lines. The manufacturing method of the formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high professional requirement, short manufacturing period, simple and easily-obtained manufacturing required appliance materials, long display and storage time, easiness in displaying main identification characteristics of the specimen fish, easiness in maintenance and transportation, no deformation after long-time display and the like, and has higher reference practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a manufacturing method of a formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display.
Background
Formaldehyde is a commonly used reagent for preserving animal samples, and because it has a function of denaturing proteins, it can effectively prevent animal tissues from deforming and deteriorating, thereby maintaining their original forms, and thus it is widely used in the preparation and preservation of animal immersion specimens, especially the preservation of aquatic organisms such as fish, which are used for scientific research and as display specimens.
However, in the prior art, a method of soaking solidified fishes in a formaldehyde solution is mostly adopted in the formaldehyde soaking of fish specimens, and some fish specimens with large body size and self gravity are easy to deform due to the action of self gravity for a long time in the soaking and storing process, and the parts such as fins are easy to shrink and deform, so that some important identification characteristics cannot be sufficiently displayed, and the ornamental property of the specimens and the reference property of scientific research are greatly influenced.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a method for preparing formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen that can be effectively fixed and completely displayed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display, which adopts a support to fix the specimen and place the specimen in a display bottle, so as to avoid the influence of fish body deformation on observation and research.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting and selecting a specimen: taking fresh fish individuals or fish individuals which just die;
(2) fixing the abdominal cavity of the sample: under the condition that the specimen is static, injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the specimen by using an injector until the abdominal micro-clone of the specimen is formed;
(3) specimen morphology correction: placing the specimen body in a fixing solution for morphological correction;
(4) fixing the form of the specimen: soaking the specimen with the corrected shape in a fixing solution for more than 24 hours;
(5) and (3) specimen display and fixation: fixing the specimen after shape fixation on the surface of a support matched with the specification of the specimen, then placing the specimen in a display bottle, filling 5-10% of formaldehyde until the liquid level is 2-3cm higher than the highest point of the specimen, and tightly covering a bottle cap.
Preferably, in the step (1), the sample is collected and selected to be a sample without body surface loss and with normal body color and body shape, and the male and female samples are collected simultaneously when the male and female individuals are of the second type.
The beneficial effects of the preferred technical scheme are as follows: the method is beneficial to complete and systematic feature display and more sufficient research on certain species of fishes.
Preferably, in the step (2), the subsequent operation is performed after the eugenol or the tricaine is dropped into the mouth of the living body sample for standing; the subsequent operation is required immediately for the sample that has just died.
The beneficial effects of the preferred technical scheme are as follows: the living body specimen is firstly anesthetized to be static, so that poor form caused by struggle when the abdominal cavity is fixed is avoided; the dead sample needs to be operated quickly to avoid the corruption of the internal organs.
Preferably, the shape correction in the step (3) is based on that the fish body is in a natural swimming shape and the organs are naturally unfolded and clearly visible.
Preferably, the fixing solution in the step (3) and the fixing solution in the step (4) are 5-10% formaldehyde solutions.
Preferably, before the step (5), the specimen after the form fixation is washed with clean water for 12 hours or more.
The beneficial effects of the preferred technical scheme are as follows: effectively wash residual formaldehyde, avoid bringing the injury to operator's health.
Preferably, the support in the step (5) is made of a corrosion-resistant transparent rigid material.
Preferably, the support is a transparent acrylic plate.
The beneficial effects of the preferred technical scheme are as follows: the transparent support can effectively support the specimen, avoid deformation of the specimen and avoid influence on specimen display.
Preferably, the specific operation in the step (5) is: and drilling a hole on the non-characteristic part of the specimen body surface with fixed shape to penetrate through a fixing line, and fixing the specimen on a support matched with the specification of the specimen by using the fixing line.
Preferably, in the step (5), the display bottle is sealed by paraffin or vaseline after being tightly covered.
The beneficial effects of the preferred technical scheme are as follows: the formaldehyde is prevented from volatilizing to the maximum extent by sealing, so that the environmental pollution is avoided, and the phenomenon that the specimen is dried and even mildewed due to the fact that the specimen is exposed out of the formaldehyde solution and the attractiveness and identification characteristics of the specimen are influenced by too fast volatilization is avoided.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention provides the manufacturing method of the formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display, which overcomes the problem of specimen changeability caused by directly obliquely placing the solidified specimen in the soaking solution in the prior art, and the specimen is fixed by adopting the transparent supporting device, so that the form of the specimen is effectively ensured, the display observation and research of the specimen are not influenced, and the method has higher practical application value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The tools used were:
specimen box: the size of the sorting box is 56cm by 42cm, less than 5kg of fish specimens can be placed in the sorting box, and the anesthetized fish specimens and the body shape correction function can be placed in the sorting box;
anesthetic agent: eugenol or MS-222 is also called ethyl m-aminobenzoate methane sulfonic acid and is English translation tricaine and is used for anesthesia of living samples;
fixing agent: formaldehyde (either industrial or analytically pure) for fixing the sample;
sample bottle: specimen bottles of different specifications are used for holding display specimens of different sizes;
acrylic plate: the bottle is matched with a specimen bottle for use;
scissors and tweezers: scissors and tweezers are commonly used in laboratories and are used for cutting off fixing fishing lines and threading;
the hand drill that charges and supporting different specification drill bits: the device is used for drilling holes in the acrylic plate and fixing fish specimens;
fishing line: 0.28mm nylon thread (50 m) for fixing the sample;
acrylic label plate: the height is 15cm, the width is 10cm, and the basic information of the specimen is displayed;
displaying a specimen label: displaying basic information of the specimen;
the marker pen, the notebook, the sign pen and the like record basic information of the manufactured sample.
Example 1
A manufacturing method for a spindle-shaped or side-flat fish specimen soaked by formaldehyde for display comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting and selecting a specimen: taking a fresh and alive fish individual or a fish individual which just dies, taking normal body form, moderate size, normal body color, typical main identification characteristics and no loss of body surface characteristics (namely, scales are complete and have no loss, fins are complete, fin lines are not broken, and fin line membranes are not broken) as a reference, and if the female and male individuals have the second type, simultaneously selecting a female sample and a male sample;
(2) fixing the abdominal cavity of the sample: dripping anesthetic liquid such as eugenol (or MS-222 also called as ethyl m-aminobenzoate methane sulfonic acid, English translation tricaine) and the like into the oral cavity of the fish aiming at the living body sample, and stopping the sample fish when the sample fish is static and does not react by touching the fish body; then, injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the specimen by using an injector, and injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the dead individual as soon as possible so as to prevent the viscera of the dead individual from putrefaction, dissolution and deterioration, wherein the injection amount is based on slight uplift of the abdominal part of the specimen;
(3) specimen morphology correction: placing a specimen body in a fixing liquid, naturally laying the right side of a fish body in the fixing liquid, suspending the fish body in the fixing liquid, naturally unfolding a dorsal fin, a left pectoral fin, a left ventral fin, a hip fin and a tail fin, naturally unfolding the right fin for the fish with the right pectoral fin close to the ventral side, attaching the right ventral fin to the belly if the fin positions are close to two sides of the belly, unfolding each dorsal fin if a plurality of dorsal fins exist, and pressing a gill cover by taking the composition of each fin and the number of the fins as standards and taking the condition that gill filaments are not exposed as a standard;
(4) fixing the form of the specimen: placing the specimen after the shape correction in a 5-10% formaldehyde solution to be soaked for more than 24h, and flushing the specimen for more than 12h by using clear water until no formaldehyde residue exists on the surface when the tissue is hardened and the abdomen is not soft under touch;
(5) and (3) specimen display and fixation: selecting an acrylic plate with a proper size for a sample fish, attaching the side body wall of the fish to the acrylic plate, marking the head back and the head abdominal surface of the tangential line of the rear edge of the gill cover with marker stroke points respectively to be used as punching positions, and then marking the front edge of the dorsal fin base and the corresponding abdomen thereof, the rear edge of the dorsal fin base and the corresponding abdomen position thereof, and the dorsal part of the front edge of the tail fin base (namely the dorsal abdomen of the rear edge of the tail handle) with markers respectively to be favorable for further punching operation; drilling holes by adopting a drill bit with the diameter of 1mm according to the thickness of the fishing line, then sequentially penetrating the fishing line from the back to the belly to fix the sample fish on the acrylic plate, wherein each hole can penetrate the fishing line for multiple times so as to fix the sample stably; for a larger individual fish specimen, in order to reduce the strangulation of the fish body caused by the later stage of the fish line, the head of the fish body is placed at one end of the bottom of the specimen bottle where the acrylic plate is placed, and the head is flush with the bottom end of the acrylic plate, so that the fish is prevented from deforming under the action of self gravity and the weight of the acrylic plate to be borne; then placing the acrylic plate fixed with the specimen in a display bottle with corresponding specification, filling 10-20% of formaldehyde soak solution until the highest liquid level is 2-3cm higher than the top of the specimen, sealing the specimen bottle and sealing with paraffin or vaseline.
The spindle-shaped or side-flat fish specimen soaked in formaldehyde can be obtained after the operation, and the liquid level of the soaking solution needs to be regularly observed and the solution is timely replenished during the showing period.
Example 2
A manufacturing method for a flat fish specimen soaked by formaldehyde for display comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting and selecting a specimen: taking a fresh and alive fish individual or a fish individual which just dies, taking normal body form, moderate size, normal body color, typical main identification characteristics and no loss of body surface characteristics (namely, scales are complete and have no loss, fins are complete, fin lines are not broken, and fin line membranes are not broken) as a reference, and if the female and male individuals have the second type, simultaneously selecting a female sample and a male sample;
(2) fixing the abdominal cavity of the sample: dripping anesthetic liquid such as eugenol (or MS-222 also called as ethyl m-aminobenzoate methane sulfonic acid, English translation tricaine) and the like into the oral cavity of the fish aiming at the living body sample, and stopping the sample fish when the sample fish is static and does not react by touching the fish body; then, injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the specimen by using an injector, and injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the dead individual as soon as possible so as to prevent the viscera of the dead individual from putrefaction, dissolution and deterioration, wherein the injection amount is based on slight uplift of the abdominal part of the specimen;
(3) specimen morphology correction: placing the specimen in a fixing liquid, enabling the abdomen of the fish body to face downwards, completely unfolding the pectoral fin and the ventral fin, clamping the dorsal fin by a long-tail clamp along the long axis of the dorsal fin to enable the dorsal fin to be unfolded naturally, facilitating the clear of the composition and the quantity of each fin ray, clamping the tail of the fish body by the long-tail clamp to enable the tail of the fish body to keep a vertical state and fix the fish body, and taking the clear of the composition and the quantity of each fin ray as a standard;
(4) fixing the form of the specimen: placing the specimen after the shape correction in a 5-10% formaldehyde solution to be soaked for more than 24h, and flushing the specimen for more than 12h by using clear water until no formaldehyde residue exists on the surface when the tissue is hardened and the abdomen is not soft under touch;
(5) and (3) specimen display and fixation: selecting an acrylic plate with the size suitable for a sample fish, tightly attaching the belly of a fish body to the acrylic plate, enabling the front edge of the head to be flush with the bottom of the acrylic plate, respectively punching holes on the back abdominal surface of the front edge of a nostril, the back abdominal surface corresponding to the tangent line of the rear edge of a gill cover and the lowest back abdominal surface of a tail handle, respectively penetrating fishing lines through the holes on the back abdominal surfaces of all parts of the fish body, fixing the fish body on the acrylic plate, ensuring that the fishing lines have the stretching degree suitable for no obvious indentation on the surface of the fish body, then placing the acrylic plate fixed with the sample in a display bottle with the corresponding specification, filling 10-20% formaldehyde soak solution until the highest liquid level is 2-3cm higher than the top end of the sample, sealing the sample bottle and sealing the sample bottle by paraffin or vaseline.
The flat fish specimen soaked by formaldehyde can be obtained after the operation, the liquid level of the soaking solution needs to be regularly observed during the showing period, and the solution is timely replenished.
Example 3
A method for preparing eel (cylindrical) fish specimen soaked in formaldehyde for display comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting and selecting a specimen: taking a fresh and alive fish individual or a fish individual which just dies, taking normal body form, moderate size, normal body color, typical main identification characteristics and no loss of body surface characteristics (namely, scales are complete and have no loss, fins are complete, fin lines are not broken, and fin line membranes are not broken) as a reference, and if the female and male individuals have the second type, simultaneously selecting a female sample and a male sample;
(2) fixing the abdominal cavity of the sample: dripping anesthetic liquid such as eugenol (or MS-222 also called as ethyl m-aminobenzoate methane sulfonic acid, English translation tricaine) and the like into the oral cavity of the fish aiming at the living body sample, and stopping the sample fish when the sample fish is static and does not react by touching the fish body; then, injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the specimen by using an injector, and injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the dead individual as soon as possible so as to prevent the viscera of the dead individual from putrefaction, dissolution and deterioration, wherein the injection amount is based on slight uplift of the abdominal part of the specimen;
(3) specimen morphology correction: placing the specimen in a fixing liquid, and enabling the abdomen of the fish body to face downwards to make the body of the fish body bend in 1-2 snakes;
(4) fixing the form of the specimen: placing the specimen after the shape correction in a 5-10% formaldehyde solution to be soaked for more than 24h, and flushing the specimen for more than 12h by using clear water until no formaldehyde residue exists on the surface when the tissue is hardened and the abdomen is not soft under touch;
(5) and (3) specimen display and fixation: selecting an acrylic plate with the proper size with the sample fish, wherein the belly of the acrylic plate faces the acrylic plate, the back of the acrylic plate faces upwards, then respectively drilling holes on the acrylic plate on two sides of the front edge of the nostril, the ventral surfaces on two sides of the rear edge of the gill cover, the belly sides at 1/2 body length and the two sides of the anus at the corresponding position, fixing the holes by using fishing lines, then placing the acrylic plate fixed with the sample in a display bottle with the corresponding specification, filling 10-20% of formaldehyde soak solution until the highest liquid level is 2-3cm higher than the top end of the sample, sealing the sample bottle and sealing the sample bottle by using paraffin or vaseline.
After the operation, the eel-shaped (cylindrical) fish specimen soaked by formaldehyde can be obtained, and the liquid level of the soaking solution needs to be observed periodically during the showing period, and the solution is supplemented in time.
Example 4
For the preparation of the specimen of the fish with irregular shape, the basic method is similar to the embodiment 1-3, and the characteristic part of the fish body is preferably completely displayed in the shape correction; the fixed drilling of well sample show does not destroy fish body characteristic part and reduces the drilling hole as far as possible to the influence of fish wholeness, and the fixed line is so that the fish body is fixed but does not cause the influence to fish body surface skin and be suitable.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting and selecting a specimen: taking fresh fish individuals or fish individuals which just die;
(2) fixing the abdominal cavity of the sample: under the condition that the specimen is static, injecting 10-20% formaldehyde solution into the abdominal cavity of the specimen by using an injector until the abdominal micro-clone of the specimen is formed;
(3) specimen morphology correction: placing the specimen body in a fixing solution for morphological correction;
(4) fixing the form of the specimen: soaking the specimen with the corrected shape in a fixing solution for more than 24 hours;
(5) and (3) specimen display and fixation: fixing the specimen after shape fixation on the surface of a support matched with the specification of the specimen, then placing the specimen in a display bottle, filling 5-10% of formaldehyde until the liquid level is 2-3cm higher than the highest point of the specimen, and tightly covering a bottle cap.
2. The method for preparing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein the specimen is collected in step (1) by selecting a specimen having no body surface loss and normal body color and body shape, and the male and female specimens are collected simultaneously when the male and female individuals are of type II.
3. The method for preparing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein the subsequent operation is performed after the eugenol or the tricaine is dropped into the mouth of the live sample and is made to stand still in the step (2); the subsequent operation is required immediately for the sample that has just died.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the morphological correction in step (3) is performed so that the fish body is naturally swimming and the organs are naturally spread and clearly visible.
5. The method for preparing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein the fixing solution in the steps (3) and (4) is a 5-10% formaldehyde solution.
6. The method for preparing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein the specimen after shape fixation is washed with clear water for 12 hours or more before the step (5).
7. The method for preparing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein the support in the step (5) is made of a corrosion-resistant transparent rigid material.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the support is a transparent acrylic plate.
9. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein the specific operations in the step (5) are as follows: and drilling a hole on the non-characteristic part of the specimen body surface with fixed shape to penetrate through a fixing line, and fixing the specimen on a support matched with the specification of the specimen by using the fixing line.
10. The method for preparing a formaldehyde-impregnated fish specimen for display according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the display bottle is tightly covered and sealed by paraffin or vaseline.
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| CN201911367211.8A CN111034710A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for preparing formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display |
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| CN201911367211.8A CN111034710A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for preparing formaldehyde-soaked fish specimen for display |
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| CN111449049A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-07-28 | 辽宁省生态环境监测中心 | Method for preserving and displaying large benthonic animal specimen |
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