CN111034389B - Electrostatic discharge immunity test method - Google Patents
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- CN111034389B CN111034389B CN200910120094.5A CN200910120094A CN111034389B CN 111034389 B CN111034389 B CN 111034389B CN 200910120094 A CN200910120094 A CN 200910120094A CN 111034389 B CN111034389 B CN 111034389B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrostatic discharge immunity test method. The method realizes accurate control of the approaching speed of the air discharge electrode in the electrostatic discharge immunity test based on the potential energy-kinetic energy conversion principle; the method utilizes the metal shielding chamber and the coaxial adapter to carry out the electrostatic discharge immunity contact discharge test, can ensure that the electrostatic discharge current can efficiently flow into the horizontal coupling plate or the vertical coupling plate, and also can not damage the integrity of the metal shielding chamber as far as possible, thereby reducing the influence of a radiation field generated by the high-voltage switching action of the electrostatic discharge simulator on the tested equipment. The method can improve the repeatability and accuracy of air discharge and contact discharge in the electrostatic discharge immunity test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrostatic discharge immunity test method, which is particularly suitable for an indirect electrostatic discharge immunity test of electronic equipment (system).
Background
With the rapid development of microelectronic technology and semiconductor device technology, the integration level of various microelectronic devices is greatly improved, so that the electromagnetic sensitivity of electronic equipment (system) is improved, and the overvoltage resistance is reduced. Electrostatic discharge, a common source of near-field electromagnetic hazards, can cause direct and indirect damage to semiconductor devices or electronic systems. The US AD report (AD-A243367) specifically indicated in 1991 that electrostatic discharge is an important component of the electromagnetic environmental effect, and the peak electric and magnetic fields in the vicinity of the discharge are very strong. This is because the electrostatic discharge process can create a large transient current with a rise time of less than 1ns, accompanied by strong electromagnetic radiation, creating an electrostatic discharge (ESD) electromagnetic pulse (EMP). Electromagnetic energy can directly enter the electronic equipment through an antenna or a sensor, and no matter whether the electronic equipment is provided with an antenna system or not, electromagnetic pulses can enter the electronic equipment through holes and seams on a case and connecting cables, power lines and the like among the equipment, so that normal work of circuits and devices is interfered. The electromagnetic pulse with certain intensity can not only cause serious interference and damage to the electronic equipment, but also can form potential hazard, so that the working reliability of the electronic equipment is reduced, and major engineering accidents are caused. The vicious accidents of satellite runaway, rocket launching failure, airplane crash and the like caused by electrostatic discharge are reported at home and abroad, and in the field of microelectronic technology, the damage caused by electrostatic discharge is up to hundreds of billions of dollars worldwide. For this reason, attention is paid to the influence of electrostatic discharge on semiconductor devices and information equipment. Therefore, the electrostatic discharge immunity test and the electrostatic discharge protection research have been the research subjects of great importance in the industrially developed countries. The international electrotechnical commission and the related countries have established the static discharge immunity test method and the test standard.
In practical application, the international electrotechnical commission IEC61000-4-2 electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology electrostatic discharge immunity test standard and related national standards have certain problems:
(1) different simulators which also meet the standard regulation of the international electrotechnical commission can obtain different results for the same test object;
(2) the same simulator cannot give consistent results even if the experiment repeatability of the same test sample is poor;
(3) the standard only gives detailed regulations on contact type discharge, and the air discharge mode with the highest occurrence probability in actual work cannot make specific regulations due to the reasons of complex discharge factors, poor repeatability, no test means for a broadband radiation field generated by discharge and the like.
(4) The influence of a radiation field generated by the high-voltage switching action of the electrostatic discharge simulator specified by the current standard on the tested equipment and the like are not considered;
(5) because a transient electromagnetic field theoretical model and a testing means of electrostatic discharge are not complete enough, and an energy coupling rule of interference of electrostatic discharge on electronic equipment is not completely mastered, even if the four problems do not exist, a test method given by the existing IEC61000-4-2 standard only gives evaluation of passing and failing to pass on a tested product, and cannot quantitatively give an interference voltage value received by the tested equipment. Therefore, the tested equipment designer and the research department can only blindly and repeatedly try to modify the antistatic measures of the equipment so as to meet the requirement of the electrostatic discharge immunity.
Therefore, the existing electrostatic discharge immunity test standard cannot meet the requirement of rapid development of electronic industry and information equipment, and a better electrostatic discharge immunity test detection method and platform do not exist at present. Therefore, the development of a new method and a new standard research of the electrostatic discharge immunity test is beneficial to improving the design of the antistatic discharge capacity of electronic products, and further improving the international competitive capacity of electronic products and the antistatic discharge capacity of weapon equipment in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrostatic discharge immunity test method, which solves the problems of the existing electrostatic discharge immunity test standard.
In order to solve the problem (3), the invention utilizes the potential energy-kinetic energy conversion principle to accurately control the approaching speed of the air discharge electrode and the tested electronic equipment (system). The "approach speed" is one of the key factors for ensuring the repeatability of the air-based discharge. The single pendulum system consists of an electrostatic discharge generator (discharge gun), a fixed support, a swing arm, a fixed arm and a braking device, wherein the electrostatic discharge generator is fixed at one end of the swing arm, and the other end of the swing arm is fixed on the support through a pulley. The braking device consists of a position switch and two electromagnets, one electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the fixed arm, the other electromagnet is fixed on the swing arm, and the two electromagnets are mutually exclusive when working simultaneously. And (4) lifting the electrostatic discharge generator to h, then releasing, and making the electrostatic discharge generator perform simple pendulum motion. When the discharging gun moves to the lowest point, the speed is v,
at the moment, when the discharge gun moves to the lowest point, the fixed arm plays a role in mechanical braking, the position switch is started, the two electromagnets work simultaneously, the braking device acts, and the electrode of the discharge gun can be effectively protected from being impacted. By controlling the height h, the approaching speed of the discharge gun can be conveniently adjusted and controlled.
In order to prevent the electrodes of the discharge gun from being impacted, the discharge gun can also do simple pendulum motion on a plane which is a certain distance away from the discharge point. The distance is adjusted so that air discharge occurs when the discharge electrode moves to the lowest point.
The method realizes accurate control of the approaching speed of the air discharge electrode in the electrostatic discharge immunity test based on the potential energy-kinetic energy conversion principle, can improve the repeatability of the air type electrostatic discharge test, and is a simple and easy electrostatic discharge immunity test method of electronic equipment (system).
The invention can control the speed of the air discharge electrode approaching the discharge point in the electrostatic discharge immunity test, thereby ensuring the repeatability of the ESD immunity test and the concentrated discharge of the discharge energy. The method can improve the repeatability and accuracy of the electrostatic discharge immunity test.
In order to solve the above problems (1), (2) and (4), the apparatus for contact electrostatic discharge immunity test of the present invention comprises: the device comprises an electrostatic discharge generator, a coaxial adapter (current target), a metal connector, a bench test platform and a metal shielding chamber; the rear wall of the shielding chamber is provided with a coaxial adapter, and a table type test platform, a tested piece and a metal connector are placed in the shielding chamber; one end of the metal connector is connected with a discharge point of the test platform, and the other end of the metal connector is connected with the output end of the coaxial adapter on the back wall of the shielding chamber; the input end of the coaxial adapter is tightly connected with the rear wall of the metal shielding chamber; the electrostatic discharge generator is arranged outside the shielding chamber, the top end of a discharge electrode of the electrostatic discharge generator is in close contact with a discharge target surface of the coaxial adapter, and when a discharge switch is operated, discharge current generates electrostatic discharge interference on a tested piece through the metal connector, the horizontal coupling plate or the vertical coupling plate. The shielding chamber can reduce the influence of the radiation field generated by the high-voltage switching action of the electrostatic discharge simulator on the tested equipment.
The coaxial adapter has the functions of improving the electrostatic discharge energy coupling efficiency and not damaging the shielding effectiveness of the metal shielding chamber as far as possible. The input end of the coaxial adapter is composed of resistors which are arranged in a ring shape, the output end of the coaxial adapter is also composed of resistors which are arranged in a ring shape, the input equivalent resistance is far larger than the resistance of the output end, therefore, most of discharge current flows into the coupling plate through the metal connector, and meanwhile, the resistors which are arranged in a ring shape at the input end play a certain shielding role.
The invention can ensure that the electrostatic discharge current can efficiently flow into the horizontal coupling plate or the vertical coupling plate, and the integrity of the metal shielding chamber is not damaged as much as possible, thereby reducing the influence of a radiation field generated by the high-voltage switching action of the electrostatic discharge simulator on the tested equipment. The method can improve the repeatability and accuracy of the electrostatic discharge immunity test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electrostatic discharge immunity air discharge test system.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the electromagnet and the position switch.
FIG. 3 is a contact electrostatic discharge immunity testing system.
Fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the coaxial adapter.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is an air discharge test system for electrostatic discharge immunity provided by the invention for solving the problem of poor repeatability of air discharge. The system comprises a bench test platform, a simple pendulum system and a braking system thereof.
The simple pendulum system and the braking system thereof are composed of an electromagnet (1), an electromagnet (2), a position switch (3), a fixed bracket (4), a swing arm (5), a fixed arm (6), a discharge gun and a fixing device (7) thereof. The discharge gun and the fixing device (7) thereof are connected with the other end of the swinging arm (5); the braking system comprises a mechanical brake and an electromagnet brake device, the mechanical brake is borne by a fixed arm (6), the electromagnet brake device is composed of an electromagnet (1), an electromagnet (2) and a position switch (3), the position switch (3) is fixed on the fixed arm (6), the electromagnet (1) is fixed at the bottom of the fixed arm (6), the electromagnet (2) is fixed on a swing arm (5), and when the two electromagnets work simultaneously, the electromagnets are mutually exclusive. When the swing arm is implemented specifically, the length of the swing arm (5) is 1m, the swing arm is lifted to the position where the included angle between the swing arm and the fixed arm is 18 degrees and released to perform approximate simple pendulum motion, and when the swing arm moves to the lowest point, the speed is 1 m/s. At the moment, when the discharge gun moves to the lowest point, the fixing arm (6) plays a role in mechanical braking, the position switch (3) is started, the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) work simultaneously, the braking device acts, and the electrode of the discharge gun can be effectively protected from being impacted. By controlling the height h, the approaching speed of the discharge gun can be conveniently adjusted and controlled, thereby improving the repeatability of air discharge.
The table type test platform is composed of a wooden table (8), a grounding reference plane (9), a vertical coupling plate (10), a horizontal coupling plate (11), an insulating gasket (12), a tested piece (13), a grounding resistor (14) and a grounding resistor (15) of the horizontal coupling plate (11), and a grounding resistor (16) and a grounding resistor (17) of the vertical coupling plate (12).
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an electromagnet braking device provided in the present invention for solving the braking problem when the pendulum system moves to the lowest point.
When an electrostatic discharge immunity air discharge test is implemented, the electrostatic discharge generator (7) is lifted to the position with the vertical height of 0.05m, the power supply of the electrostatic discharge generator is started, the discharge voltage is set, and the output button of the electrostatic discharge generator is pressed; releasing the electrostatic discharge generator, making the discharge gun do simple pendulum motion, moving to the lowest point, starting a braking system, and generating air electrostatic discharge when the electrode of the discharge gun approaches a discharge point of the vertical coupling plate (10) or the horizontal coupling plate (11) at a speed of 1 m/s; and adjusting the position of the coupling plate to enable the positions of the four sides of the tested piece to be subjected to the discharge test. The method can improve the repeatability and accuracy of the electrostatic discharge immunity air discharge test.
FIG. 3 is a contact-type ESD immunity test system provided by the present invention for solving the effect of radiation field generated by high voltage switch action of ESD simulator on the device under test. The system comprises an electrostatic discharge generator (1), a coaxial adapter (current target) (2), a metal connector (3), a bench test platform (4) and a metal shielding chamber (5); the rear wall of the shielding chamber is provided with a coaxial adapter (2), and a table type test platform (4), a tested piece (6) and a metal connector (3) are placed in the shielding chamber; one end of the metal connector is connected with a discharge point of the test platform, and the other end of the metal connector is connected with the output end of the coaxial adapter (2) on the rear wall of the shielding chamber; the input end of the coaxial adapter (2) is composed of resistors which are arranged in a ring shape and are tightly connected with the rear wall of the metal shielding chamber, the shielding effectiveness of the metal shielding chamber is not damaged as much as possible, the output end of the coaxial adapter is also composed of resistors which are arranged in a ring shape, the input equivalent resistance is far larger than the resistance of the output end, so that most of discharge current flows into the coupling plate (7) through the metal connector (3), and the coaxial adapter plays a role in improving the electrostatic discharge energy coupling efficiency and not reducing the shielding effectiveness of the metal shielding chamber (5).
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the coaxial adapter (2), R1For input of equivalent resistance, R2To output an equivalent resistance, C1、L1Is a branch of the input terminalCloth capacitors and distributed inductances, C2、L2Distributed capacitance and distributed inductance of the output terminal. In specific practice, R1Is composed of 10 resistors (1K omega) arranged in a ring shape, R2The resistor is composed of 20 resistors (100 Ω) arranged in a ring shape.
When a contact type electrostatic discharge immunity test is carried out, the power supply of the electrostatic discharge generator (1) is started outside the shielding chamber (5), a discharge voltage is set, the top end of a discharge electrode (8) of the electrostatic discharge generator is in close contact with the discharge target surface of the coaxial adapter (2), and a discharge switch is operated, so that a discharge current generates electrostatic discharge interference on a tested piece (6) through the metal connector (3) and the coupling plate (7). The shielding chamber can reduce the influence of the radiation field generated by the high-voltage switching action of the electrostatic discharge simulator on the tested equipment.
The invention can ensure that the electrostatic discharge current can efficiently flow into the coupling plate, and the integrity of the metal shielding chamber is not damaged as much as possible, thereby reducing the influence of a radiation field generated by the high-voltage switching action of the electrostatic discharge simulator on the tested equipment. The method can improve the repeatability and accuracy of the electrostatic discharge immunity test.
Claims (1)
1. An electrostatic discharge immunity test method comprises an air discharge immunity test method and a contact type electrostatic discharge immunity test method, and is characterized in that:
the air discharge immunity test method is completed through an electrostatic discharge immunity air discharge test system, wherein the electrostatic discharge immunity air discharge test system comprises a table type test platform, a simple pendulum system and a brake system;
the bench test platform consists of a wooden table, a grounding reference plane, a vertical coupling plate, a horizontal coupling plate, an insulating liner, a tested piece, a grounding resistor of the vertical coupling plate, a grounding resistor of the horizontal coupling plate, a first grounding resistor and a second grounding resistor;
the simple pendulum system consists of a fixed bracket, a swinging arm, an electrostatic discharge generator discharge gun and a fixed device thereof;
the braking system comprises a mechanical brake and an electromagnet braking device, the mechanical brake is borne by the fixed arm, and the electromagnet braking device comprises a first electromagnet, a second electromagnet and a position switch; the position switch is fixed on the fixed arm, the first electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the fixed arm, the second electromagnet is fixed on the vibrating arm, and the two electromagnets repel each other when working simultaneously;
the air discharge immunity test method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of lifting a discharging gun of the electrostatic discharging generator to h, starting a power supply of the electrostatic discharging generator, setting a discharging voltage, pressing an output button of the electrostatic discharging generator, then releasing the electrostatic discharging generator, enabling the discharging gun of the electrostatic discharging generator to do simple pendulum motion, starting a braking system when the discharging gun moves to the lowest point, and enabling an electrode of the discharging gun of the electrostatic discharging generator to approach a discharging point of a vertical coupling plate or a horizontal coupling plate at a speed v to generate air electrostatic discharge, wherein the air electrostatic discharge is generated when the electrode of the discharging gun of the electrostatic discharging generator approaches the discharging point of the vertical coupling plate or the
The contact type electrostatic discharge immunity test method is completed by a contact type electrostatic discharge immunity test system; the contact type electrostatic discharge immunity test system comprises an electrostatic discharge generator, a coaxial adapter, a metal connector, a bench test platform and a metal shielding chamber; a coaxial adapter is arranged on the rear wall of the metal shielding chamber, and a desk type test platform, a tested piece and a metal connector are arranged in the metal shielding chamber; one end of the metal connector is connected with a discharge point of the bench test platform, and the other end of the metal connector is connected with the output end of a coaxial adapter on the rear wall of the metal shielding chamber; the input end of the coaxial adapter is composed of resistors which are arranged in a ring shape, the output end of the coaxial adapter is also composed of resistors which are arranged in a ring shape, and the input equivalent resistance is far larger than the resistance of the output end;
the contact type electrostatic discharge immunity test method comprises the following specific steps:
the electrostatic discharge generator is arranged outside the metal shielding chamber, a power supply of the electrostatic discharge generator is started, discharge voltage is set, the top end of a discharge electrode of the electrostatic discharge generator is in close contact with a discharge target surface of the coaxial adapter, and a discharge switch is operated, so that discharge current generates electrostatic discharge interference on a tested piece through the metal connector, the vertical coupling plate or the horizontal coupling plate.
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| CN200910120094.5A CN111034389B (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | Electrostatic discharge immunity test method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108490225A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-04 | 北京铂帷检测服务有限公司 | A kind of coupling plate electrostatic discharge testing adaptive device and method |
| CN110794428A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-14 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Equivalent substitution test system and method for ESD electromagnetic effect of unmanned aerial vehicle GPS module |
| CN111175641A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 天津市滨海新区军民融合创新研究院 | Electrostatic discharge immunity testing method for processor chip |
| CN113484703A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-08 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Air type electrostatic discharge test method and test equipment |
| CN113945833A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-18 | 清华大学 | Method and platform for testing total ionizing radiation dose and electromagnetic radiation synergistic effect |
| CN114666982A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Two coaxial electrostatic generators for simulating metal discharge of human body |
| WO2022247489A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Radiation processing method for electrostatic discharge simulator, and electrostatic discharge simulator |
| CN115684816A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-02-03 | 江苏省计量科学研究院(江苏省能源计量数据中心) | Experimental system and experimental method for simulating static charge gathering and dissipating process |
-
2009
- 2009-01-13 CN CN200910120094.5A patent/CN111034389B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108490225A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-04 | 北京铂帷检测服务有限公司 | A kind of coupling plate electrostatic discharge testing adaptive device and method |
| CN108490225B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2024-03-26 | 北京铂帷检测服务有限公司 | Coupling plate electrostatic discharge test adapting device and method |
| CN110794428A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-14 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Equivalent substitution test system and method for ESD electromagnetic effect of unmanned aerial vehicle GPS module |
| CN111175641A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-19 | 天津市滨海新区军民融合创新研究院 | Electrostatic discharge immunity testing method for processor chip |
| WO2022247489A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Radiation processing method for electrostatic discharge simulator, and electrostatic discharge simulator |
| CN113484703A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-08 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Air type electrostatic discharge test method and test equipment |
| CN113484703B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-08-12 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Air type electrostatic discharge test method and test equipment |
| CN113945833A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-18 | 清华大学 | Method and platform for testing total ionizing radiation dose and electromagnetic radiation synergistic effect |
| CN114666982A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Two coaxial electrostatic generators for simulating metal discharge of human body |
| CN114666982B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-10-13 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Two coaxial electrostatic generators for simulating metal discharge of human body |
| CN115684816A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-02-03 | 江苏省计量科学研究院(江苏省能源计量数据中心) | Experimental system and experimental method for simulating static charge gathering and dissipating process |
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Granted publication date: 20130904 |