CN111029740A - High-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on high-order mode of dielectric resonator - Google Patents
High-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on high-order mode of dielectric resonator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111029740A CN111029740A CN201911240587.2A CN201911240587A CN111029740A CN 111029740 A CN111029740 A CN 111029740A CN 201911240587 A CN201911240587 A CN 201911240587A CN 111029740 A CN111029740 A CN 111029740A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on a high-order mode of a dielectric resonator, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The microwave dielectric substrate comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises an upper layer and a lower layer which are formed by microwave dielectric substrates; the dual-band microstrip dual-balun feed network further comprises two dielectric resonators, a metal sheet, a microstrip dual-balun feed network, a metal ground, a grounding through hole and two coplanar strip lines. Under the condition of not adding a director, the invention improves the gain of the antenna by adopting the higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator and attaching the metal sheet on one side surface of the dielectric resonator, and reduces the physical size of the antenna. The invention can effectively improve the gain of the bidirectional end-fire antenna array. The invention realizes better bidirectional radiation characteristic by adjusting the length of the metal ground and the distance between the dielectric resonator and the metal ground in the radiation direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on a high-order mode of a dielectric resonator, and belongs to the technical field of antennas.
Background
With the development of long-distance (long bridge, tunnel, road, railway) wireless communication systems, the bidirectional end-fire antenna array receives more and more attention with its unique bidirectional radiation and high gain characteristics. In recent years, much research has been conducted on the design of bidirectional endfire antennas. However, as far as we know, many driving units of the bidirectional endfire antenna are made of metal, which inevitably causes ohmic loss, and the problem becomes more prominent as the frequency is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on a high-order mode of a dielectric resonator in order to overcome the problems that the traditional end-fire antenna director is large in size and metal loss exists due to frequency increase.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on a high-order mode of a dielectric resonator comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises an upper layer and a lower layer which are formed by microwave dielectric substrates; the dual-band microstrip dual-balun feed network further comprises two dielectric resonators, a metal sheet, a microstrip dual-balun feed network, a metal ground, a grounding through hole and two coplanar strip lines; the two dielectric resonators are both adhered to the upper surface of the substrate; the microstrip double-balun feed network is printed on the upper layer of the substrate; the two dielectric resonators are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip double-balun feed network as the center; the two coplanar strip lines are printed on the upper layer of the substrate; the two coplanar strip lines are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip double balun feed network as the center; the two coplanar strip lines are respectively connected with two output ends of the microstrip double balun feed network; the coplanar strip line is connected with the lower surface of the dielectric resonator; the microstrip double-balun feed network excites a higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator through a coplanar strip line; metal sheets are pasted on one side surfaces, far away from the microstrip double-balun feed network, of the two dielectric resonators; the metal ground is printed on the lower layer of the substrate; the grounding via hole penetrates through the upper layer and the lower layer of the substrate; the microstrip dual-balun feed network is connected with a metal ground through a grounding through hole; the antenna array realizes bidirectional end fire by adjusting the length of the metal ground and the distance between the dielectric resonator and the metal ground in the radiation direction.
Further, as a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the high-order modes of the two dielectric resonators are used as magnetic dipoles, and the two-way end fire of the antenna is realized by feeding the microstrip double balun feed network and the coplanar strip lines at the two ends.
Further, as a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the two dielectric resonators are both rectangular dielectric resonators operating in a high order mode, and are made of a ceramic material having a dielectric constant of 45 and a loss tangent of 0.00019.
Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is made of a Rogers 4003C printed circuit board material having a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a loss tangent of 0.0027.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, the metal sheet is disposed at the center of one side surface of the dielectric resonator; the width of the metal sheet is about one third of the width of one side surface of the dielectric resonator; the length of the metal sheet is equal to the height of one side of the dielectric resonator.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the metal ground is about 0.6 λ; the distance between the dielectric resonator and the metal ground in the radiation direction is about 0.3 lambda; the distance between the two dielectric resonators is about 1.2 lambda, which is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the reflection coefficient of the antenna array is smaller than-10 dB.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following technical effects:
under the condition of not adding a director, the invention improves the gain of the antenna by adopting the higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator and attaching the metal patch on one side surface of the dielectric resonator, and reduces the physical size of the antenna. The invention can effectively improve the gain of the bidirectional end-fire antenna array. The invention realizes better bidirectional radiation characteristic by adjusting the length of the metal ground and the distance between the dielectric resonator and the metal ground in the radiation direction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a two-way end-fire antenna array;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a bi-directional end-fire antenna array;
FIG. 3(a) is an electric field distribution diagram of the higher mode of a dielectric resonator without loading a metal plate;
FIG. 3(b) is the electric field distribution diagram of the higher mode of the dielectric resonator loaded with metal plate;
FIG. 4 is a graph of simulated and tested reflection coefficients and gain for a two-way endfire antenna array;
FIG. 5 is a simulation and test pattern for the E-plane and H-plane of a two-way endfire antenna array at 10.34 GHz;
the numbers in the figures are as follows:
the antenna comprises a dielectric resonator 1, a metal sheet 2, a microstrip double balun feed network 4, a substrate 5, a metal ground 6, a grounding via hole 6 and a coplanar strip line 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a high-gain two-way end-fire antenna array based on a higher-order mode of a dielectric resonator includes a substrate 4, where the substrate 4 includes an upper layer and a lower layer formed by microwave dielectric substrates; the microstrip dual-balun feed network structure further comprises two dielectric resonators 1, a metal sheet 2, a microstrip dual-balun feed network 3, a metal ground 5, a grounding via hole 6 and two coplanar strip lines 7; the two dielectric resonators 1 are both adhered to the upper surface of the substrate 4; the microstrip double balun feed network 3 is printed on the upper layer of the substrate 4; the two dielectric resonators 1 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip dual balun feed network 3 as the center; the two coplanar strip lines 7 are both printed on the upper layer of the substrate 4; the two coplanar strip lines 7 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip dual balun feed network 3 as the center; the two coplanar strip lines 7 are respectively connected with two output ends of the microstrip double balun feed network 3; the coplanar strip line 7 is connected with the lower surface of the dielectric resonator 1; the micro-strip double-balun feed network 3 excites the higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator 1 through the coplanar strip line 7; metal sheets 2 are pasted on one side surfaces, far away from the microstrip double-balun feed network 3, of the two dielectric resonators 1; the metal ground 5 is printed on the lower layer of the substrate 4; the ground via 6 penetrates through the upper layer and the lower layer of the substrate 4; the microstrip double-balun feed network 3 is connected with a metal ground 5 through a grounding through hole 6; the antenna array realizes bidirectional end emission by adjusting the length of the metal ground 5 and the distance between the dielectric resonator 1 and the metal ground 5 in the radiation direction.
The high-order modes of the two dielectric resonators 1 are used as magnetic dipoles, and the two-way end fire of the antenna is realized by feeding the high-order modes through the microstrip double-balun feed network 3 and the coplanar strip lines 7 at the two ends. The two dielectric resonators 1 are rectangular dielectric resonators made of microwave dielectric ceramic and having dielectric constant epsilonr45, loss tangent tan delta1In fig. 1, h is the height of the dielectric resonator 1, which is 0.00019. Length L of metal ground 5gAbout 0.6 λ; the distance d between the dielectric resonator 1 and the metal ground 5 in the radiation direction2About 0.3 λ; the distance between the two dielectric resonators 1 is about 1.2 lambda, which is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna. The metal sheet 2 is attached to one side of the dielectric resonator 1, the width W of the metal sheet 2 is 4.5mm, and the length h is 1 mm. The dielectric substrate 4 is a printed circuit board made of Rogers 4003C plate and having a dielectric constant epsilonr13.55, loss tangent tan delta20.0027. The metal sheet 2 is arranged at the center of one side surface of the dielectric resonator 1; the width of the metal sheet 2 is about one third of the width of one side surface of the dielectric resonator 1; the length of the metal plate 2 is equal to the height of one side of the dielectric resonator 1. The reflection coefficient of the antenna array is less than-10 dB.
The embodiment of the present invention optimizes the size of each part of the antenna, and specifically, specific parameters of the embodiment are as follows:
| parameter(s) | Ls | Ws | La | Wa | Lg | Le | W | W1 | d1 | d2 | h | S1 |
| Value (mm) | 69.8 | 32.5 | 6.5 | 13.6 | 24.4 | 8 | 4.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 8.2 | 1 | 0.8 |
Length L of dielectric resonator 1 in watcha6.5mm, width W of the dielectric resonator 1a13.6mm, the height h of the dielectric resonator 1 is 1mm, and the length L of the dielectric substrate 4s69.8mm, width W of the dielectric substrate 4sIs 32.5mm, and the length L of the metal ground 5g24.4mm, the length L of the substrate 4 extending beyond the dielectric resonator 1e8mm, the width W of the metal plate 2 attached to one side surface of the dielectric resonator 1 is 4.5mm, and the length h is 1 mm. The coplanar strip line 7 comprises two strip lines, one strip line having a width W11.2mm, the spacing S of two strip lines1Is 0.8 mm. Length d of coplanar strip 7 on lower surface of dielectric resonator 111.2mm, the distance d between the dielectric resonator 1 and the metal ground 5 in the z-direction, i.e. the radiation direction2Is 8.2 mm.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on a dielectric resonator higher-order mode. In the design process, the distance d between the dielectric resonator 1 and the metal ground 5 in the z direction, i.e. the radiation direction2Is 8.2mm, and the length L of the metal ground 5gIs 24.4mm, and is obtained by optimizing the distance d between the dielectric resonator 1 and the metal ground 52And length L of metal groundgAnd better bidirectional end-fire radiation performance can be obtained.
The embodiment of the invention works in a high-order mode TE3δ1The dielectric resonator field pattern of a mode has three circles as shown in figure 3. The electric field of the middle circle is opposite to the directions of the two sides along the x direction at the right side edge according to the electric field profile of the dielectric resonator 1. To solve this problem, the electric field of the middle circle is weakened after the metal plate 2 is attached to one side of the dielectric resonator 1, and thus the gain of the antenna can be improved.
The microstrip dual balun feed network 3 in the embodiment of the invention is a dual Marchand balun which is formed by two traditional Marchand baluns which are placed back to back, a microstrip line with the length of about 1/2 lambda is arranged in the middle of the dual Marchand balun and is used as an input port, a wide transmission line is connected with the input port, the wide transmission line adopts a 50-ohm transmission line, two microstrip lines with the length of about 1/4 lambda are arranged on two sides of the dual Marchand balun, one end of each microstrip line is open-circuited, the other end of each microstrip line is used as an output port, and lambda is a vacuum wavelength corresponding to the.
In order to verify the proposed design concept, the present embodiment designs a high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on the higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator. Figure 4 shows simulated and measured reflection coefficients. I S11|<The simulated and tested impedance bandwidths of-10 dB were 70MHz (10.3GHz-10.37GHz) and 80MHz (10.3GHz-10.38GHz), respectively. The E-plane and H-plane patterns at 10.34GHz are shown in fig. 5. The measured E-plane directional diagram and the measured H-plane directional diagram are stable in the radiation direction and well matched with a simulation result.
The high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on the higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator has better gain and lower loss under the condition of not increasing the traditional director.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art should understand that equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A high-gain bidirectional end-fire antenna array based on a high-order mode of a dielectric resonator comprises a substrate (4), wherein the substrate (4) comprises an upper layer and a lower layer which are formed by microwave dielectric substrates; the dielectric resonator is characterized by further comprising two dielectric resonators (1), a metal sheet (2), a microstrip double-balun feed network (3), a metal ground (5), a grounding through hole (6) and two coplanar strip lines (7); the two dielectric resonators (1) are both adhered to the upper surface of the substrate (4); the microstrip double-balun feed network (3) is printed on the upper layer of the substrate (4); the two dielectric resonators (1) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip double balun feed network (3) as the center; the two coplanar strip lines (7) are printed on the upper layer of the substrate (4); the two coplanar strip lines (7) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip dual balun feed network (3) as the center; the two coplanar strip lines (7) are respectively connected with two output ends of the microstrip double-balun feed network (3); the coplanar strip line (7) is connected with the lower surface of the dielectric resonator (1); the microstrip double-balun feed network (3) excites a higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator (1) through the coplanar strip line (7); metal sheets (2) are pasted on one side surfaces, far away from the microstrip double-balun feed network (3), of the two dielectric resonators (1); the metal ground (5) is printed on the lower layer of the substrate (4); the grounding via hole (6) penetrates through the upper layer and the lower layer of the substrate (4); the microstrip double-balun feed network (3) is connected with a metal ground (5) through a ground via hole (6); the antenna array realizes bidirectional end emission by adjusting the length of the metal ground (5) and the distance between the dielectric resonator (1) and the metal ground (5) in the radiation direction.
2. The high-gain bidirectional endfire antenna array based on the dielectric resonator higher order modes is characterized in that the higher order modes of the two dielectric resonators (1) are used as magnetic dipoles and fed through a microstrip double balun feed network (3) and coplanar strip lines (7) at two ends, so that bidirectional endfire of the antenna is realized.
3. The high-gain two-way end-fire antenna array based on the higher mode of the dielectric resonators according to claim 2, wherein the two dielectric resonators (1) are both rectangular dielectric resonators working in the higher mode and are made of ceramic materials with dielectric constants of 45 and loss tangent values of 0.00019.
4. The high-gain two-way end-fire antenna array based on the higher-order mode of the dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the substrate (4) is made of a Rogers 4003C printed circuit board material with a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a loss tangent of 0.0027.
5. The dielectric resonator higher-order mode-based high-gain two-way end-fire antenna array as recited in claim 1, wherein the metal sheet (2) is disposed at the center of one side of the dielectric resonator (1); the width of the metal sheet (2) is about one third of the width of one side surface of the dielectric resonator (1); the length of the metal sheet (2) is equal to the height of one side surface of the dielectric resonator (1).
6. The high-gain two-way endfire antenna array based on the higher order modes of the dielectric resonator of claim 1, characterized in that the length of the metal ground (5) is about 0.6 λ; the distance between the dielectric resonator (1) and the metal ground (5) in the radiation direction is about 0.3 lambda; the distance between the two dielectric resonators (1) is about 1.2 lambda, and lambda is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna.
7. The high-gain two-way endfire antenna array based on the higher order modes of the dielectric resonator of any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reflection coefficient of the antenna array is less than-10 dB.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114336062A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳大学 | Grid type dielectric resonant antenna |
| CN116742352A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-12 | 南通至晟微电子技术有限公司 | Millimeter wave bidirectional radiation medium end-fire antenna |
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| CN109037922A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The difference micro-strip filter antenna of balun filter feed |
| CN109378578A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-02-22 | 天津大学 | Dielectric resonator antenna and aerial array on the silicon chip of high radiation efficiency high-gain |
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2019
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20070279286A1 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-06 | Mark Iv Industries Corp. | Multi-Mode Antenna Array |
| CN104167604A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-26 | 南京濠暻通讯科技有限公司 | Broadband slot antenna suitable for LET indoor distribution |
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| CN114336062A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳大学 | Grid type dielectric resonant antenna |
| CN114336062B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳大学 | Grid type dielectric resonant antenna |
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| CN116742352B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-10-31 | 南通至晟微电子技术有限公司 | Millimeter wave bidirectional radiation medium end-fire antenna |
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