CN111029395B - 基于有机薄膜晶体管的电流型像素驱动电路 - Google Patents

基于有机薄膜晶体管的电流型像素驱动电路 Download PDF

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CN111029395B
CN111029395B CN201911358774.0A CN201911358774A CN111029395B CN 111029395 B CN111029395 B CN 111029395B CN 201911358774 A CN201911358774 A CN 201911358774A CN 111029395 B CN111029395 B CN 111029395B
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周佳燚
胡文平
任晓辰
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/125—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays including organic TFTs [OTFT]
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    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于有机薄膜晶体管的电流型像素驱动电路，其采用4个机薄膜晶体管驱动OLED，通过补偿机薄膜晶体管的阈值电压来提高图像的质量。基于机薄膜晶体管的特殊性质，采用全新的电路设计结构，在对阈值电压进行补偿的基础上还有效的防止了机薄膜晶体管漏电对像素电路电流均匀性造成的影响。

Description

基于有机薄膜晶体管的电流型像素驱动电路
技术领域
本发明属于电子电路技术和显示技术领域，具体涉及一种基于有机薄膜晶体管的电流型像素驱动电路。
背景技术
近年来，有源矩阵有机发光二极管(Actire Matrix Organic Light EmittingDiode，AMOLED)显示被人们广泛研究。.与有源矩阵液晶显示(Active Matrix LiquidCrystal Display。AMLCD)相比，AMOLED因具有广视角、快响应、高亮度、低功耗、柔性等优点而被人们认为是新一代的显示。现在，三星等公司更是将AMOLED用于一些手机屏幕中。OLED是一种电流发光型器件，需要稳定、统一的电流为其驱动而发光。然而，由于技术闯题，现今的有机薄膜晶体管很难为OLED提供稳定、统一的电流。而且偏压下的有机薄膜晶体管的阈值电压(Threshold Voltage，VTH)漂移现象严重，所以要重新设计一个针对有机薄膜晶体管性质的像素补偿电路。然而，电路大多结构复杂，有多个编程操作过程，并引入了额外的控制信号。这就导致周围的驱动电路设计更加复杂，像素的开口率降低；同时，每个像素被选通的时间内，随着编程过程的增多，每个编程操作的时间和精确性都会降低。这就要求有简单的，类似于传统2TIC结构而又带有补偿作用的像素驱动电路。本专利提出了一种新的采用电流驱动型的像素电路，可以有效解决上面的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种基于有机薄膜晶体管的电流型像素驱动电路。用4个OTFT驱动OLED，通过补偿OTFT的阈值电压来提高图像的质量。基于OTFT的特殊性质，采用全新的电路设计结构，在对阈值电压进行补偿的基础上还有效的防止了OTFT漏电对像素电路电流均匀性造成的影响。
本发明还提供了一种驱动OLED实现阈值电压补偿电路的驱动方法，该方法可以准确的对电路的阈值电压进行补偿。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种基于OTFT的阈值电压补偿的电流型像素电路，包括：第一有机薄膜晶体管T1，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2，第三有机薄膜晶体管T3，第四有机薄膜晶体管T4，电容Cs以及有机发光二极管OLED；第一有机薄膜晶体管T1为电路的驱动晶体管，其源极与电源电压VDD相连，栅极连接电容Cs的一端，电容Cs另一端接地，漏极与第四有机薄膜晶体管T4的源极相连；第二有机薄膜晶体管T2的栅极与第一扫描控制线SCAN1连接，源极与列信号数据电流IDATA连接，漏极连接电源电压VDD；第三有机薄膜晶体管T3的栅极与第一扫描控制线SCAN1连接，漏极与电容Cs的一端以及第一有机薄膜晶体管T1的栅极相连，源极与第二有机薄膜晶体管T2的漏极连接；第四有机薄膜晶体管T4的栅极与第二扫描控制线SCAN2相连，源极与第一有机薄膜晶体管T1的漏极相连，漏极与有机发光二极管OLED的阳极相连。
所述的基于OTFT的阈值电压补偿的电流型像素电路的驱动方法：
当第一扫描控制线SCAN1为低电平时，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2和第三有机薄膜晶体管T3打开，此时列信号数据电流IDATA通过第二有机薄膜晶体管T2和第三有机薄膜晶体管T3为电容Cs充电直到第一有机薄膜晶体管T1开启；为保证列信号数据电流IDATA只流过第一有机薄膜晶体T1，电源电压VDD需在此阶段维持低电平使有机发光二极管OLED处于反偏状态；
随着电容Cs上电位的提高，第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流逐渐增大，直到列信号数据电流IDATA全部流过第一有机薄膜晶体管T1时稳定，此时的第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流为：IT1＝IDATA＝K(VGS-VTH)2，其中K为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的增益系数，VGS为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的栅源电压，VTH为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的阈值电压；由于电容Cs上的电压没有变化，工作在饱和区的第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流只与其栅电压有关，因而也不会变化，即：IT1＝IOLED＝IDATA，有机发光二极管OLED的电流等于列信号数据电流IDATA，这样，即使有机薄膜晶体管的阈值电压不均匀，也不会影响OLED的电流，从而达到补偿阈值电压的效果。
本发明的优点和有益效果为：
1.结构简单，需要额外的驱动信号少，这样所使用的功耗就低。
2.该像素驱动电路是基于有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT)的性质设计的，利用设计测试模块实测驱动晶体管的阈值电压，可以更加准确的补偿驱动晶体管老化而引起的阈值电压漂移的问题，有效的提高显示效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电路图。
图2是本发明的电路控制时序图。
对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，可以根据以上附图获得其他的相关附图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例一
参见图1，一种基于OTFT的阈值电压补偿的电流型像素电路，包括：第一有机薄膜晶体管T1，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2，第三有机薄膜晶体管T3，第四有机薄膜晶体管T4，电容Cs以及有机发光二极管OLED。其中，所述第一有机薄膜晶体管T1为N型，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2为p型，第三有机薄膜晶体管T3为p型，第四有机薄膜晶体管T4为p型。
第一有机薄膜晶体管T1为电路的驱动晶体管，其源极与电源电压VDD相连，栅极连接电容Cs的一端，电容Cs另一端接地，漏极与第四有机薄膜晶体管T4的源极相连；第二有机薄膜晶体管T2的栅极与第一扫描控制线SCAN1连接，源极与列信号数据电流IDATA连接，漏极连接电源电压VDD；第三有机薄膜晶体管T3的栅极与第一扫描控制线SCAN1连接，漏极与电容Cs的一端以及第一有机薄膜晶体管T1的栅极相连，源极与第二有机薄膜晶体管T2的漏极连接；第四有机薄膜晶体管T4的栅极与第二扫描控制线SCAN2相连，源极与第一有机薄膜晶体管T1的漏极相连，漏极与有机发光二极管OLED的阳极相连。
实施例二
下面结合图2详细说上述电流型像素电路的工作原理：
当第一扫描控制线SCAN1为低电平时，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2和第三有机薄膜晶体管T3打开，此时列信号数据电流IDATA通过第二有机薄膜晶体管T2和第三有机薄膜晶体管T3为电容Cs充电直到第一有机薄膜晶体管T1开启。为保证列信号数据电流IDATA只流过第一有机薄膜晶体T1，电源电压VDD需在此阶段维持低电平使有机发光二极管OLED处于反偏状态。随着电容Cs上电位的提高，第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流逐渐增大，直到列信号数据电流IDATA全部流过第一有机薄膜晶体管T1时稳定。理想情况下，此时的第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流为：IT1＝IDATA＝K(VGS-VTH)2，其中K为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的增益系数，VGS为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的栅源电压，VTH为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的阈值电压；理想地，由于电容Cs上的电压没有变化，工作在饱和区的第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流只与其栅电压有关，因而也不会变化，即：IT1＝IOLED＝IDATA，有机发光二极管OLED的电流等于列信号数据电流IDATA，这样，即使有机薄膜晶体管的阈值电压不均匀，也不会影响OLED的电流，从而达到补偿阈值电压的效果。
为了易于说明，实施例中使用了诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个与另一个具有相同名称的部件区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些部件之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。
以上对本发明做了示例性的描述，应该说明的是，在不脱离本发明的核心的情况下，任何简单的变形、修改或者其他本领域技术人员能够不花费创造性劳动的等同替换均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种基于OTFT的阈值电压补偿的电流型像素电路，其特征在于：包括：第一有机薄膜晶体管T1，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2，第三有机薄膜晶体管T3，第四有机薄膜晶体管T4，电容Cs以及有机发光二极管OLED；第一有机薄膜晶体管T1为电路的驱动晶体管，其源极与电源电压VDD相连，栅极连接电容Cs的一端，电容Cs另一端接地，漏极与第四有机薄膜晶体管T4的源极相连；第二有机薄膜晶体管T2的栅极与第一扫描控制线SCAN1连接，源极与列信号数据电流IDATA连接，漏极连接电源电压VDD；第三有机薄膜晶体管T3的栅极与第一扫描控制线SCAN1连接，漏极与电容Cs的一端以及第一有机薄膜晶体管T1的栅极相连，源极与第二有机薄膜晶体管T2的漏极连接；第四有机薄膜晶体管T4的栅极与第二扫描控制线SCAN2相连，源极与第一有机薄膜晶体管T1的漏极相连，漏极与有机发光二极管OLED的阳极相连；
基于OTFT的阈值电压补偿的电流型像素电路的驱动方法，
当第一扫描控制线SCAN1为低电平时，第二有机薄膜晶体管T2和第三有机薄膜晶体管T3打开，此时列信号数据电流IDATA通过第二有机薄膜晶体管T2和第三有机薄膜晶体管T3为电容Cs充电直到第一有机薄膜晶体管T1开启；为保证列信号数据电流IDATA只流过第一有机薄膜晶体T1，电源电压VDD需在此阶段维持低电平使有机发光二极管OLED处于反偏状态；
随着电容Cs上电位的提高，第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流逐渐增大，直到列信号数据电流IDATA全部流过第一有机薄膜晶体管T1时稳定，此时的第一有机薄膜晶体管T电流为：IT1＝IDATA＝K(VGS-VTH)2，其中K为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的增益系数，VGS为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的栅源电压，VTH为第一有机薄膜晶体管Tl的阈值电压；由于电容Cs上的电压没有变化，工作在饱和区的第一有机薄膜晶体管T1电流只与其栅电压有关，因而也不会变化，即：IT1＝IOLEDIDATA，有机发光二极管OLED的电流等于列信号数据电流IDATA，这样，即使有机薄膜晶体管的阈值电压不均匀，也不会影响OLED的电流，从而达到补偿阈值电压的效果。
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