CN111028978B - (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2/Al/Cu electric contact material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
(Ti, Mo) C/TiB2/Al/Cu electric contact material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111028978B CN111028978B CN201911365257.6A CN201911365257A CN111028978B CN 111028978 B CN111028978 B CN 111028978B CN 201911365257 A CN201911365257 A CN 201911365257A CN 111028978 B CN111028978 B CN 111028978B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
Abstract
The invention discloses a (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2An Al/Cu electric contact material, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of alloy. The above (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-10 parts of aluminum, 10-15 parts of copper and 1-2 parts of adhesive. The electric contact material is obtained by uniformly mixing raw materials, pressing and forming under the pressure of 15-20 MPa, and then sintering in a vacuum sintering furnace for 2-5 hours. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB of the invention2The bending strength of the/Al/Cu electric contact material is obviously improved, and high compactness can be kept. The material of the invention has simple preparation process and low cost, and is suitable for industrial large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloys, and particularly relates to (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2An Al/Cu electric contact material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The electric contact material is an important component of an electrical material, and an electric contact prepared by the electric contact material is an important contact element in instruments and meters and electric switches, and plays a role in breaking and connecting circuits in power transmission and distribution systems, electric systems and the like. The quality of the electrical contact and the material performance thereof plays an important role in the safe and stable operation of the whole system. In recent years, research and development of electrical contact materials have been receiving increasing attention. The phenomena generated in the opening and closing processes of the electrical contact are extremely complex, the influence factors are more, an ideal electrical contact material must have good physical property, mechanical property, electrical contact property, chemical property, processing and manufacturing properties and the like, and the main research aim is to realize the comprehensive optimization of the overall properties of the electrical contact material, such as high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, good mechanical property, high reliability, long service life and the like.
At present, electrical contact materials can be roughly classified into the following categories: copper-based contact materials, noble metal-based contact materials, tungsten-based contact materials, and the like. The most widely used and representative of the materials are Cu-W alloy and Ag-based electrical contact materials. For the two types of contact materials, the precious metal elements such as Cu, Ag, W and the like account for a large material weight ratio, so that the contact materials are expensive, and the resource reserves of the metals are limited, so that the popularization and the large-scale development and application of the contact materials are influenced and limited. In addition, the conventional contact material contains too much metal, which results in low hardness and poor wear resistance.
CN103981418A discloses a TiC/TiB2An Al/Cu electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof. The material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28-40 parts of titanium carbide, 10-20 parts of titanium boride, 10-22 parts of aluminum, 20-54 parts of copper and 1-3 parts of adhesive, the material reduces the consumption of Cu, increases the contents of reinforcing phase titanium carbide and titanium boride, improves the wettability of titanium carbide and copper, and has the advantages of high density, low contact resistance, good fusion welding resistance and high hardness, but the bending strength of the material is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high cost, poor bending strength and the like of the existing copper-based electric contact material.
The invention provides a (Ti, Mo) C/TiB for solving the technical problems2The Al/Cu electric contact material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-10 parts of aluminum, 10-15 parts of copper and 1-2 parts of adhesive.
Wherein the above-mentioned (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The Al/Cu electrical contact material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weightAnd the following steps: 50-60 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-7 parts of aluminum, 12-15 parts of copper and 1 part of adhesive.
Wherein the above-mentioned (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The adhesive is graphite.
Wherein the above-mentioned (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The average particle size of the raw material of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material is 1.0-1.2 mu m.
Wherein the above-mentioned (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The Al/Cu electric contact material has the average particle size of titanium molybdenum carbide of 1.0-1.2 microns, the average particle size of titanium boride of 1.2 microns, the average particle size of aluminum of 1.2 microns and the average particle size of copper of 1.0-1.2 microns.
The invention also provides the (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the raw materials, pressing and forming under the pressure of 15-20 MPa, and then sintering in a vacuum sintering furnace for 2-5 hours to obtain the (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material.
Wherein the above-mentioned (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electric contact material comprises the step of controlling the vacuum degree in the vacuum sintering furnace to be 4 x 10-3～5×10-3Pa。
Wherein the above-mentioned (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material comprises the step of sintering the vacuum sintering furnace at 500-600 ℃.
The invention also provides the (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2Use of an/Al/Cu electrical contact material for producing an electrical contact.
The invention also provides the (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2An electric contact made of/Al/Cu electric contact material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The Al/Cu electrical contact material further reduces the content of Cu, greatly increases the contents of strengthening phase titanium molybdenum carbide and titanium boride, and greatly improves the wettability of a resistivity material titanium molybdenum carbide and copper, so that the prepared electrical contact material has high density, low contact resistance, good fusion welding resistance, high hardness and bending strength. Meanwhile, the material provided by the inventionThe preparation process is simple and feasible, has low cost and is suitable for industrial large-scale production.
Detailed Description
(Ti, Mo) C/TiB of the invention2The Al/Cu electric contact material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-10 parts of aluminum, 10-15 parts of copper and 1-2 parts of adhesive.
Preferably, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-7 parts of aluminum, 12-15 parts of copper and 1 part of adhesive.
Wherein the adhesive is graphite.
The advantages of the aluminum and the copper selected in the invention are as follows: 1) the conductivity is good. The aluminum powder and the copper powder have excellent conductivity, and can greatly reduce the contact resistance of the electric contact material. 3) Has good wettability with titanium molybdenum carbide particles. The titanium molybdenum carbide particles have poor wettability with copper, pores are easy to form, various performance indexes of the electric contact material are reduced, and a small amount of intermediate alloy can be formed with copper after aluminum powder is added, so that the wettability of copper and titanium molybdenum carbide is improved to a great extent, the porosity in the sintering process is reduced, and the density is increased.
The inventor of the invention surprisingly finds that (Ti, Mo) C is adopted to replace TiC within the content range of the invention to generate a new phase (Al, Cu, Mo, Ti) (C, B), and the new phase can obviously improve the bending strength of the material; if the component content is out of the range of the present invention, no new phase is formed, and even if (Ti, Mo) C is used in place of TiC, the bending strength of the material cannot be significantly improved.
If the particle size of the raw material is too large, the surface activity of the particles is poor, the sintering process is not facilitated, the sintering time needs to be prolonged, and the cost is increased; if the particle size is too small, the porosity increases during pressing, which is disadvantageous for densification of the material. In order to avoid the problems, the granularity of the raw materials related in the invention is preferably 1.0-1.2 μm; preferably, the average particle size of the titanium molybdenum carbide is 1.0 to 1.2 μm, the average particle size of the titanium boride is 1.2 μm, the average particle size of the aluminum is 1.2 μm, and the average particle size of the copper is 1.0 to 1.2 μm.
The invention also relates toProvides the above (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the raw materials, pressing and forming under the pressure of 15-20 MPa, and then sintering for 2-5 hours at 500-600 ℃ in a vacuum sintering furnace to obtain the (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in industrial production and under the vacuum conditions described herein, there is not a complete vacuum, but a certain pressure, only a small pressure; preferably, the vacuum degree in the vacuum sintering furnace of the method is 4X 10-3～5×10-3Pa。
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Mixing 4g of titanium molybdenum carbide powder, 1.5g of titanium boride powder, 0.5g of aluminum powder, 1g of copper powder and 0.1g of graphite powder uniformly, then pressing and forming under the pressure of 15MPa, taking out a pressed block, putting the pressed block into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to 4 multiplied by 10-3Pa post-sintering at 500 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material. The resulting (Ti, Mo) C/TiB was measured2The results of the properties of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
Mixing 5g titanium molybdenum carbide powder, 1.5g titanium boride powder, 1g aluminum powder, 1.5g copper powder and 0.1g graphite powder, pressing under 20MPa for molding, taking out the pressed block, placing in a vacuum sintering furnace, and vacuumizing to 5 × 10-3Pa post-sintering at 550 ℃ for 2h to obtain (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material. The resulting (Ti, Mo) C/TiB was measured2The results of the properties of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
Mixing 6g of titanium molybdenum carbide powder, 1.8g of titanium boride powder, 0.5g of aluminum powder, 1.5g of copper powder and 0.1g of graphite powder, pressing and forming under the pressure of 20MPa, taking out a pressed block, putting the pressed block into a vacuum sintering furnace, and vacuumizing to 4 x 10-3Pa post-sintering at 500 deg.C for 2h to obtain (Ti, Mo) C-TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material. The resulting (Ti, Mo) C/TiB was measured2The properties of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Mixing 4g of titanium molybdenum carbide powder, 2g of titanium boride powder, 1g of aluminum powder, 2.8g of copper powder and 0.2g of graphite powder uniformly, then pressing and forming under the pressure of 20MPa, taking out the pressed block, putting the pressed block into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to 5 multiplied by 10-3Pa post-sintering at 500 deg.C for 2h to obtain (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu reference group electrical contact material. The resulting (Ti, Mo) C/TiB was measured2The properties of the/Al/Cu electrical contact material are prepared, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 (Ti, Mo) C/TiB of the invention2Performance test result of/Al/Cu electric contact material
| Sample name | Relative density (%) | Specific resistance (μm. cm) | Bending strength (MPa) | Hardness (HRC) |
| Example 1 | 99.6 | 18.2 | 385 | 45 |
| Example 2 | 99.5 | 20.6 | 420 | 56 |
| Example 3 | 99.8 | 10.5 | 398 | 50 |
| Comparative example 1 | 95.6 | 28.6 | 158 | 32 |
Claims (10)
1.(Ti,Mo)C/TiB2The Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized in that: the composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-10 parts of aluminum, 10-15 parts of copper and 1-2 parts of adhesive.
2. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to claim 12The Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized in that: the composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of titanium molybdenum carbide, 15-18 parts of titanium boride, 5-7 parts of aluminum, 12-15 parts of copper and 1 part of adhesive.
3. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to claim 1 or 22The Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized in that: the adhesive is graphite.
4. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to claim 1 or 22The Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized in that: the average particle size of the raw material is 1.0-1.2 μm.
5. (Ti, M) according to claim 4o)C/TiB2The Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized in that: the average particle size of the titanium carbide molybdenum is 1.0-1.2 mu m, the average particle size of the titanium boride is 1.2 mu m, the average particle size of the aluminum is 1.2 mu m, and the average particle size of the copper is 1.0-1.2 mu m.
6. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to any one of claims 1 to 52The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials, pressing and forming under the pressure of 15-20 MPa, and sintering in a vacuum sintering furnace for 2-5 hours to obtain (Ti, Mo) C/TiB2the/Al/Cu electric contact material.
7. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to claim 62The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vacuum degree in the vacuum sintering furnace is 4 multiplied by 10-3～5×10-3Pa。
8. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to claim 62The preparation method of the/Al/Cu electric contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 500-600 ℃.
9. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to any one of claims 1 to 52Use of an/Al/Cu electrical contact material for producing an electrical contact.
10. (Ti, Mo) C/TiB according to any one of claims 1 to 52An electric contact made of/Al/Cu electric contact material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02225636A (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-07 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Manufacture of electrical contact material |
| CN103924143B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-06-22 | 攀枝花学院 | Ti2SnC/Sn/Co electrical contact material and its production and use |
| CN103981418B (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2016-03-09 | 攀枝花学院 | TiC/TiB 2/ Al/Cu electrical contact material and its production and use |
| CN104150908B (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2015-09-02 | 攀枝花学院 | Titanium carbide molybdenum ceramics powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN105177346B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-02-13 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of tungsten copper contact material and preparation method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| (Ti,M)C的制备及基于第一性原理的力学性能研究;庞立娟;《中国博士论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20170915(第09期);B022-2 * |
| 张国鹏;(Ti，M)C基金属陶瓷的制备、组织与性能研究;《中国博士论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20150715(第07期);B022-19 * |
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