CN100497690C

CN100497690C - Multiphase oxide particles enhanced copper-base composite material and preparing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN100497690C
Application number: CNB2007100663917A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢明; 杨有才; 张健康; 黎玉盛; 符世继; 史庆南; 李汝明; 段云喜; 曾荣川; 李方中; 尹长青; 张春荣; 舒佰坡
Original assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology; Kunming Institute of Precious Metals
Current assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology; Kunming Institute of Precious Metals
Priority date: 2007-11-22
Filing date: 2007-11-22
Publication date: 2009-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 2027-11-22
Also published as: CN101168806A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-phase oxide grain enforced copper-based compound material and the preparation method thereof. The weight percentage of components is Al2O3: 0.1 to 2.0, La2O3: 0.1 to 2.0, Y2O3: 0.1 to 2.0, and the surplus is Cu. The preparation method is realized by that alloy elements of Cu, Al, La, and Y are proportioned according to the alloy design component proportion, and the CuAlLaY alloy ingot blank is prepared through the vacuum spraying forming technology and the device; the insitu chemical reaction processing is performed to the copper alloy by controlling the oxygen partial pressure, to prepare CuAl2O3La2O3Y2O3 system compound material; the compound material is performed with the processing technologies of forging, extruding, rolling, drawing, and heat treatment, to be prepared into products of complex shapes of bar material, plate material, sheet material, silk material, profile shaped material or contact, to realize even coagulation, short flow and near forming and processing; the new material has high conduction and heat conduction property, thermal stability and heat strength, electric contact properties of abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, arc burning resistance and melting welding resistance, and intensity and processing property are more excellent than the material prepared in the conventional fusion casting method and the powder metallurgy method, and the production cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Multiphase oxide particles enhanced copper-base composite material and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of multiphase oxide particles enhanced copper-base composite material and preparation method thereof, belong to novel copper-based electrical alloy.

Background technology

Oxide particle strengthens Cu-base composites and mainly contains: CuAl ₂O ₃, CuY ₂O ₃, CuZr ₂O ₃, CuSiO ₂, CuMgO, CuTiO ₂Deng, wherein that the most frequently used is CuAl ₂O ₃, not only electrical and thermal conductivity is good for it, also has higher hardness, intensity and softening temperature etc., is widely used in fields such as automobile, electronics, electrician, electromechanics.

Abroad to CuAl ₂O ₃The research of material internal oxidation preparation enters the practical stage after the 1950's, the U.S. successfully used the powder internal oxidation and carried out suitability for industrialized production the seventies, CA194 and CA195 dispersed and strengthened copper-based composite material such as the production of OMG company, the C15715 that SCM Corporation produces and C15760 Cu-base composites etc., its softening temperature is 900 ℃, electrical conductivity is 80%～90%IACS, tensile strength reaches 540MPa, formed the production scale of 20 tons of monthly outputs, its product is mainly as resistance welding electrode, the high strength power line, heater lead, electrical contact, conticaster crystallizer etc., simultaneously, also be used for replacing the CuCr system of traditional fusion casting preparation, the electrode materials such as CuCrZr system.

KLF-1, MF202 dispersion strengthening copper alloy that Japanese Matsushita Electric Industrial company produces, the CuAl that German SIEMENS company, Korea S LKENG company produce ₂O ₃Had suitable scale, and formulated corresponding product technology standard.Because this series products still is listed in patented product abroad, production technology is still maintained secrecy, and CuAl powdered alloy internal oxidation is still the main method that present industrial production oxide particle strengthens Cu-base composites.

China starts late to the research that oxide particle strengthens Cu-base composites, just begins formal project verification the seventies in 20th century, by Luoyang Copper Processing Plant and Central-South China Institute of Mining and Metallurgy's cooperation research and development; In the nineties at the end of the eighties, the research report of units such as University Of Tianjin, Harbin Institute of Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Shenyang University of Technology, Kunming Inst. of Metallurgy to such material arranged; To unit such as Kunming Institute of Precious Metals, Beijing Non-Ferrous Metal Research General Academy at the end of the nineties, adopt rapid solidification and isostatic cool pressing technology, carried out the research-and-development activity of such material in succession.But, because CuAl ₂O ₃The a variety of causes such as structural homogenity is poor, density is not high, complicated process of preparation, production cost height, domestic units concerned have only set up small-scale pilot production line, always can not large-scale production; Simultaneously, CuAl ₂O ₃Material is also unstable at aspects such as mechanical property, processing technology and softening temperatures, and the yield rate of processing is low, causes cost of manufacture higher; Therefore, every technical performance index all awaits further improving.At present, most of CuAl of domestic use ₂O ₃Material still depends on import, and expensive.

At present, the preparation method of domestic aluminium oxide particle reinforced copper base matrix material mainly contains: preparation such as powder mixing machine method, chemical coprecipitation, mechanical alloying method, powder internal oxidation, sol-gel processing powdered alloy, by Technologies such as press forming, sintering, extruding, drawing, rolling and mechanical workouts, finally obtain the needed geomery of product again.Because domestic material and production technique exist: (1) oxide particle is thick, wild phase is single, the high-temperature behavior instability of material; (2) the oxide particle wild phase forms difficulty, the material property instability; (3) can not directly prepare nearly formed parts such as ingot, plate, wheel, material preparation process technical sophistication, quality product are difficult to control, and production cost is higher; (4) can not form large-scale production etc.Cause CuAl ₂O ₃Material preparation level and combination property exist big gap, CuAl that scale use with comparing abroad ₂O ₃Also depend on the situation of import.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is integrated by advanced machining technologies such as reaction-injection moulding, in-situ chemical reactions, can realize short flow process, nearly shaping, force

Evenly solidify preparation CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Advanced composite material (ACM), the shaped element such as one time to produce ingot, plate, wheel have production efficiency

Height, tooling cost is low, characteristics such as constant product quality, product technology and economic advantages at home and abroad are obvious, have the world market and compete

Strive strength.

The chemical analysis percentage by weight (wt%) of Cu-base composites of the present invention is: Al ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, La ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, Y ₂0 ₃: 0.1～2.0, surplus is Cu.

The preparation method of Cu-base composites of the present invention is: Cu, Al, La, y alloy element are prepared by the alloy designs component ratio, adopt airless injection forming technique and equipment, preparation CuAlLaY alloy ingot blank; By the control partial pressure of oxygen, copper alloy is carried out in-situ chemical reaction process, be prepared into CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Composite material; Pass through again the processing such as forging, extruding, rolling, drawing, heat treatment

Technology is prepared into complex-shaped goods such as bar, sheet material, sheet material, silk material, profiled material or contact, realizes evenly solidifying, short flow process, the nearly processing that is shaped.

Material of the present invention not only has high electrical and thermal conductivity, thermostability and heat resistance, and have electrical contact performances such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, anti-electrical arc erosion and anti-melting welding, also have intensity and processing characteristics than the material excellence of technology such as conventional fusion casting and powder metallurgic method preparation, production cost reduces significantly.Material can be used for relevant industries such as electric power, electrician, electronics, electromechanics, automobile, and the contact material, the electric switch that touch son, high-power contact material, cooling integrated plate, large high-speed turbine generator rotator lead, alternative silver as the power engineering high-voltage switch gear touch fields such as bridge.

Multiphase oxide particles enhanced copper-base composite material obtains application in relevant industry such as automobile, electric power, electronics, electrician, electromechanics, aerospace.

The advantage of spray forming technology is the atomizing of metal bath and deposition solidification forming are once finished, can be directly from the preparation of liquid metal compelling, equal-freezing have rapid solidification tissue signature, whole densification, near the high performance material of part true form.Reaction-injection moulding in-situ chemical reaction CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Second Phase Particle is fine, even, is distributed on the intracrystalline and crystal boundary of copper matrix, and the heat endurance of material and heat resistance are obviously improved.Therefore, the present invention utilizes that rare earth oxide particles forms easily, hardness height, Heat stability is good, with characteristics such as matrix metal is immiscible, integrated in conjunction with the advanced processing technology of preparing of materials such as reaction-injection moulding, in-situ chemical reaction, stably manufactured technology, reduce production costs, realized that oxide particle strengthens the industrial upgrading transformation of Cu-base composites.

Embodiment

The chemical analysis percentage by weight (wt%) of Cu-base composites of the present invention is: Al ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, La ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, Y ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, surplus is Cu.

The preparation method of Cu-base composites of the present invention, its concrete processing step process is:

(1) with purity〉99.9% Al, La, Y, Cu element prepare by the alloy designs component proportions, adopts the airless injection depositing device, nearly formed parts such as the ingot of preparation CuAlLaY alloy, plate, wheel.

(2) control partial pressure of oxygen is carried out in-situ chemical reaction to the CuAlLaY alloy and is processed, preparation CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Composite material, the reaction in-situ temperature is: 800 ℃～1000 ℃.

(3) with CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃The processing such as composite forges, extruding, rolling, drawing finally are reprocessed into goods into shapes such as bar, sheet material, sheet material, silk material, profile shapes or contacts according to application requirements.The forging extrusion temperature is: 700 ℃～900 ℃, rolling, drawing deformation amount is 30%～50%, and thermal treatment temp is 600 ℃～800 ℃.

CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃The Physical and mechanical properties of series composite materials is as shown in table 1.

CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Heat conductivility and the r of series composite materials are as shown in table 2.

Table 1.CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃The Physical and mechanical properties of series composite materials

Table 2.CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃The heat conductivility of series composite materials and high-temperature behavior

Claims

1, a kind of multiphase oxide particles enhanced copper-base composite material is characterized in that the chemical analysis percentage by weight (wt%) of this material is: Al ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, La ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, Y ₂O ₃: 0.1～2.0, surplus is Cu.

2, the preparation method of the multiphase oxide particles enhanced copper-base composite material in the claim 1 is characterized in that the detailed process of this method is:

(1) with purity〉Al, La, Y, the Cu element of weight percent 99.9% prepare by CuAlLaY alloy designs component proportions, adopts the airless injection depositing device, ingot, the plate of preparation CuAlLaY alloy or take turns nearly formed parts;

(2) control partial pressure of oxygen is carried out in-situ chemical reaction to the CuAlLaY alloy and is processed, preparation CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Composite material, the reaction in-situ temperature is: 800 ℃～1000 ℃;

(3) with CuAl ₂O ₃La ₂O ₃Y ₂O ₃Composite material forges, extruding, rolling or drawing processing, finally be reprocessed into goods into bar, sheet material, sheet material, silk material, profile shapes or contact shape according to application requirements, the forging extrusion temperature is: 700 ℃～900 ℃, rolling and drawing deformation amount is 30%～50%, and heat treatment temperature is 600 ℃～800 ℃.