CN111028820A - 一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板 - Google Patents

一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板 Download PDF

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CN111028820A
CN111028820A CN201911115847.3A CN201911115847A CN111028820A CN 111028820 A CN111028820 A CN 111028820A CN 201911115847 A CN201911115847 A CN 201911115847A CN 111028820 A CN111028820 A CN 111028820A
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plate
rubber
holes
foam
foam plastic
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何欢
何晋丞
朱江
邵瀚波
陈岩
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/04—4 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/42—Alternating layers, e.g. ABAB(C), AABBAABB(C)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating

Abstract

本发明公开了一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，属于降噪减振技术领域，本发明的晶体板包括安装平面，在安装平面上方依次设置橡胶板、泡沫塑料板，所述的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板交叉粘连，设置多层，且板上均设置有孔，所述相邻的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板两块板之间的孔交错排布，使得第一个板的圆孔正好被第二个板的实体部分覆盖；采用多层的橡胶板和泡沫塑料板粘连，在板平面内有周期性圆孔，通过特殊的排布方式和板的组合方式，起到很好的减振降噪效果。

Description

一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板
技术领域
本发明属于降噪减振技术领域，具体涉及一种多层结构的开孔式声子晶体薄板。
背景技术
减振降噪一直是工程界密切关注和着力解决的热点问题。机械振动不仅会减少机器设备的使用寿命，降低精密仪器的加工或控制精度，严重时还会造成声污染进而影响操作人员的身心健康。在军事方面，现代化的飞机、舰艇和武装装甲车等各种武器装备要应对各种复杂环境的挑战，同时要保证随机搭载的各类精密仪器、设备可正常使用。因此，对减振降噪技术的需求越来越高。声子晶体是一种经过特殊设计的人工周期性复合材料或结构，最早是由Kushwaha和Halevi提出。根据带隙产生的机理可分为两类:Bragg散射型声子晶体和局域共振型声子晶体。大部分声子晶体都能在中高频段实现较好的隔声效果和隔振效果。
现有的声子晶体材料存在三方面问题。一、成本高，制作工艺复杂。如果是大面积使用，例如墙壁，客机船舶的舱壁等，其整体的成本是惊人的。二、带隙窄。只能在某一个很窄的带隙内能产生效果。三、有些结构在纳米甚至分子层面进行加工，更多处于理论阶段，很难成批量加工。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中存在的问题和不足之处，研究出一种多层结构的开孔式声子晶体薄板，本发明可以在较大带隙范围内有效降低声波传递，在中高频起到减振降噪的目的，并且制作工艺简单、成本低。
本发明是这样实现的：本发明的多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，包括安装平面，其特征在于，所述的安装平面上方依次设置橡胶板、泡沫塑料板，所述的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板交叉粘连，设置四层；本发明以这样的规律交错排布也可以根据需要设置更多层。
所述的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板上的孔直径为5mm，每一列每一行的孔间隔10mm；相邻的两块板之间，即橡胶板、泡沫塑料板之间的孔交错排布，使得第一个板的圆孔正好被第二个板的实体部分覆盖。本发明的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板间隔排布，通过中间开孔的声子晶体对带隙范围内的振动进行抑制，周期性的多层结构进一步提高了带隙范围，也使结构更加轻薄。
进一步，所述的橡胶板性能参数设置为：弹性模量：7.84*106Pa；泊松比：0.45；密度：1000kg/m3。
进一步，所述的泡沫塑料板性能参数设置为：弹性模量：3.5*107；泊松比：0.383；密度：32kg/m3。
进一步，所述的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板粘接的结构内部有周期性圆孔，且上下粘接的橡胶板、泡沫塑料板中对应的圆孔交错排布。
本发明与现有技术的有益效果在于：
传统的声子晶体有成本高，结构精密，带隙小，减振的频域范围小等问题，本发明的初衷是研究一种廉价，材料易获取，带隙宽的声子晶体结构。本发明采用多层的开孔式声子晶体板比传统的单层中间开孔的声子晶体结构带隙更大，且本发明的多层板结构采用橡胶和质量更小的泡沫材料，使得板整体的质量更轻。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板的示意图；
图2为本发明一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板的周期性声子晶体薄板中的一个单元示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中带隙效果图；
其中1-橡胶板，2-泡沫塑料板，3-安装平面。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚，明确，以下列举实例对本发明进一步详细说明。应当指出此处所描述的具体实施仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1所示，图1为本发明的一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，包括安装平面3，在安装平面3上方依次设置橡胶板1、泡沫塑料板2，所述的橡胶板1、泡沫塑料板2交叉粘连，设置四层，相邻的两块板之间，即橡胶板1、泡沫塑料板2之间的孔交错排布，使得第一个板的圆孔正好被第二个板的实体部分覆盖。
如图2所示，为本发明一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板的周期性声子晶体薄板中的一个单元示意图，采用多层的橡胶板和泡沫塑料板粘连，在板平面内有周期性圆孔。通过特殊的排布方式和板的组合方式，起到很好的减振降噪效果。该橡胶板1、泡沫塑料板2一层一层间隔的排布。值得注意的是，橡胶板1和泡沫塑料板2每行每列都打了周期性的孔，形成方正排列。相邻两层的板之间孔的位置正好对应未打孔的位置。上下两层板将中间夹着的板的孔盖住。
根据几何建模尺寸进行加工，材料属性由表1给出。每块板上的孔直径为5mm，每一列每一行的孔间隔10mm。相邻两块板之间的孔交错排布，使得第一个板的圆孔正好被第二个板的实体部分覆盖。将四个板用胶水粘好。使用时根据需要粘贴的面积剪裁，将声子晶体薄板粘在需要粘贴的地方。
表1材料属性表
泡沫 橡胶
弹性模量(Pa) 3.5*10<sup>7</sup> 7.84*10<sup>6</sup>
泊松比 0.383 0.45
密度(kg/m<sup>3</sup>) 32 1000
用有限元软件分析在声波作用下的声子晶体薄板和墙体。通过计算幅频响应曲线中也可以看出，在人耳可听到的声音频率范围内产生了两段很大的带隙，如图3所示。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，包括安装平面(3)，其特征在于，所述的安装平面(3)上方依次设置橡胶板(1)、泡沫塑料板(2)，所述的橡胶板(1)、泡沫塑料板(2)交叉粘连，设置四层；所述的橡胶板(1)、泡沫塑料板(2)上的孔直径为5mm，每一列每一行的孔间隔10mm；相邻的两块板之间，即橡胶板(1)、泡沫塑料板(2)之间的孔交错排布，形成方正排列，第一个板的圆孔正好被第二个板的实体部分覆盖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，其特征在于，所述的橡胶板(1)性能参数设置为：弹性模量：7.84*106Pa；泊松比：0.45；密度：1000kg/m3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，其特征在于，所述的泡沫塑料板(2)性能参数设置为：弹性模量：3.5*107；泊松比：0.383；密度：32kg/m3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板，其特征在于，所述的橡胶板(1)、泡沫塑料板(2)粘接的结构内部有周期性圆孔，且上下粘接的橡胶板(1)、泡沫塑料板(2)中对应的圆孔交错排布。
CN201911115847.3A 2019-11-14 2019-11-14 一种多层结构开孔式声子晶体板 Pending CN111028820A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114623179A (zh) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-14 江苏科技大学 基于多层s型局域振子的声子晶体夹层板

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CN205479069U (zh) * 2016-01-13 2016-08-17 山东科技大学 一种基于局域共振声子晶体的箱式三向隔振器
CN107084295A (zh) * 2017-06-13 2017-08-22 长沙新奥燃气有限公司 一种用于管道弯管处的降噪板
CN108036017A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 上海宇航系统工程研究所 多模块局域共振型声子晶体隔振垫
CN212426813U (zh) * 2020-02-20 2021-01-29 华东交通大学 一种基于声子晶体的复合型声屏障结构

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104141720A (zh) * 2014-07-29 2014-11-12 哈尔滨工业大学 一种具有隔振特性的正方形栅格板
CN205479069U (zh) * 2016-01-13 2016-08-17 山东科技大学 一种基于局域共振声子晶体的箱式三向隔振器
CN107084295A (zh) * 2017-06-13 2017-08-22 长沙新奥燃气有限公司 一种用于管道弯管处的降噪板
CN108036017A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 上海宇航系统工程研究所 多模块局域共振型声子晶体隔振垫
CN212426813U (zh) * 2020-02-20 2021-01-29 华东交通大学 一种基于声子晶体的复合型声屏障结构

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114623179A (zh) * 2022-03-28 2022-06-14 江苏科技大学 基于多层s型局域振子的声子晶体夹层板

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