CN111027187A - Simplified analysis method for transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence - Google Patents
Simplified analysis method for transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simplified analysis method of a transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence, which comprises the following steps: taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and acquiring detailed model parameters of a transformer winding structure; taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and acquiring detailed material parameters of a transformer winding material; analyzing equivalent thermal parameters of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction based on the equivalent thermal resistance and the equivalent thermal capacity model; establishing a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of the transformer, and loading equivalent thermal parameters on the transformer winding which is simply established; and performing numerical analysis on the established transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model by adopting numerical analysis software to obtain the hot spot temperature distribution of the transformer on the winding under different working conditions. The method has the advantages of simple calculation, high precision and high efficiency, and can be better applied to engineering practice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer hot spot temperature calculation, and particularly relates to a simplified analysis method for a transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence.
Background
The transformer is an important component of a power grid, the winding hot spot temperature is an important factor influencing the insulation degradation of transformer oil paper, and the hot spot temperature can influence the performance and the service life of the transformer to a great extent, so that how to accurately and quickly obtain the winding hot spot temperature has important significance for guaranteeing the safe and efficient operation of transformer equipment.
At present, the main detection method for winding hot spot temperature in practical application of the transformer mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of optical fiber direct measurement, empirical formula calculation, multi-physical field numerical simulation calculation and the like. The direct measurement method is that the optical fiber temperature sensor is arranged in a transformer winding coil or at a position near the winding where overheating is likely to occur, and the hot spot temperature of the transformer is directly measured, but the method is only suitable for a newly manufactured transformer, and the shell needs to be punched when the sensor is laid, so that the results of leakage of transformer oil and water inflow and accumulation of a temperature measurement oil tank in a humid environment are likely to be caused; the empirical formula method simplifies the complex internal heat transfer process in the operation process of the transformer, has the characteristics of simple and easy realization and wide application range, but has larger error between the hot spot temperature calculation result and the measurement result under the condition of considering other environmental factors such as wind speed, humidity and the like.
The transformer hot-spot temperature multi-physical-field numerical calculation method can comprehensively reflect the flow velocity and the temperature distribution of oil flow in a transformer, and has the advantages of wide application range and high precision, however, the structure of windings in the transformer is complex, too much simplification of windings in the multi-physical-field numerical calculation inevitably leads to increase of calculation errors, the size and the distribution of the winding hot-spot temperature cannot be effectively reflected, fine modeling of the windings leads to difficulty in modeling and mesh subdivision, the calculation time is greatly increased, and the calculation efficiency is reduced, so that the effective transformer winding structure simplification analysis method has important significance for ensuring the calculation precision and the calculation efficiency of the transformer hot-spot temperature multi-physical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simplified analysis method of a transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence, which has high calculation precision and high efficiency and is feasible.
The invention discloses a simplified analysis method of a transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and obtaining detailed model parameters of a transformer winding structure;
step 2, taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and acquiring detailed material parameters of a material forming a transformer winding;
step 3, analyzing equivalent thermal parameters of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction based on the equivalent thermal resistance and the equivalent thermal capacity model;
step 4, establishing a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of the transformer, and loading equivalent thermal parameters on the transformer winding which is simply established;
and 5, performing numerical analysis on the established transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model by adopting numerical analysis software to obtain the hot spot temperature distribution of the transformer on the winding under different working conditions.
Further, the different working conditions of the transformer under consideration include different load ratios, different ambient temperatures, different humidity and different wind speeds.
Further, the transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model comprises a transformer iron core, a winding, a structural member, an oil duct and a radiator.
Further, the step 1 of obtaining detailed model parameters of the transformer winding structure includes:
and acquiring structural parameters of a transformer winding conductor layer and structural parameters of oil-immersed insulating paper.
Further, the obtained structural parameters of the transformer winding conductor layer specifically include the thickness of a metal conductor of the winding conductor layer, the thickness of insulating paint of the winding conductor layer and the height of the winding conductor layer, and the obtained structural parameters of the transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper specifically include the thickness of the winding oil-immersed insulating paper and the height of the winding oil-immersed insulating paper.
Further, the detailed material parameters of the transformer winding material in the step 2 comprise the heat conductivity and the specific heat capacity of a metal conductor of a conductor layer of the transformer winding, the heat conductivity of insulating paint of the conductor layer of the winding, and the heat conductivity and the specific heat capacity of oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer winding.
Further, step 3, the equivalent thermal parameters of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction include equivalent thermal conductivity and equivalent specific heat capacity, and specifically include:
the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction can be obtained by an equivalent thermal resistance model, and the equivalent thermal conductivity specifically comprises the following steps:
the relationship between the thermal resistance of the material and the thickness and the thermal conductivity of the material is as follows:
R＝d/k (1)
where d is the material thickness and k is the material thermal conductivity.
The transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper is wrapped on the winding conductor layer, and the integral equivalent thermal conductivity R of the transformer winding in the radial direction is as follows:
R＝R1+R2+R3(2)
wherein R is1Thermal resistance of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, R2Insulating varnish thermal resistance, R, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3The thermal resistance of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer is achieved.
As can be obtained by the equations (1) and (2), the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the radial direction is:
wherein k is1Thermal conductivity of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, k2Insulating varnish thermal conductivity, k, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3Thermal conductivity of oil-impregnated insulating paper for transformer, d1Total thickness of metallic conductors of conductor layers for transformer windings, d2Total thickness of insulating varnish for the conductor layers of the transformer winding, d3The total thickness of the transformer oil-immersed insulation paper is obtained.
The transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper is wrapped on the winding conductor layer, and the overall equivalent thermal conductivity R of the transformer winding in the axial direction is as follows:
wherein R is1Thermal resistance of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, R2Insulating varnish thermal resistance, R, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3The thermal resistance of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer is achieved.
As can be obtained by the equations (1) and (4), the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the axial direction is:
wherein k is1Thermal conductivity of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, k2Insulating varnish thermal conductivity, k, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3Thermal conductivity of oil-impregnated insulating paper for transformer, d1Total thickness of metallic conductors of conductor layers for transformer windings, d2Total thickness of insulating varnish for the conductor layers of the transformer winding, d3The total thickness of the transformer oil-immersed insulation paper is obtained.
Further, the equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding can be obtained by an equivalent heat capacity model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper is wrapped on the winding conductor layer, and the integral equivalent thermal conductivity R of the transformer winding in the radial direction is as follows:
cm△T＝c1m1△T+c2m2△T (6)
wherein, c1Specific heat capacity of the conductor layer of the transformer winding, c2Specific heat capacity of oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer, c equivalent specific heat capacity of a winding of the transformer, m1Is the total mass m of the conductor layers of the transformer winding2The total mass of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer is m, and the total mass of the whole winding of the transformer is m.
The equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding is therefore:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the overall material parameters of the winding are set to be equivalent thermal conductivity, the external heat transfer process of the equivalent winding can be accurately realized on the basis of simplified modeling of the winding, the fine modeling of a winding structure is avoided, the simulation precision and efficiency of the numerical calculation of the multi-physical field of the transformer are improved, and the method can be better applied to engineering practice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a simplified analysis method of a transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent schematic diagram of the winding structure based on equivalent thermal parameters of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of distribution of a winding temperature field of a 10kV oil-immersed transformer under a rated condition according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of axial temperature distribution of high and low voltage windings under a rated condition of the 10kV oil-immersed transformer.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention and/or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 shows a specific process of a simplified analysis method for a multi-physical field winding structure of a transformer based on thermal parameter equivalence, which can be applied to 10kV oil-immersed hot-spot temperature multi-physical field numerical calculation, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and obtaining detailed model parameters of a transformer winding structure.
The method further comprises the following steps:
1.1, obtaining structural parameters of a conductor layer of a transformer winding and structural parameters of oil-immersed insulation paper.
1.2 further, the obtained structural parameters of the transformer winding conductor layer specifically include the thickness of a metal conductor of the winding conductor layer, the thickness of insulating paint of the winding conductor layer and the height of the winding conductor layer, and the obtained structural parameters of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer winding specifically include the thickness of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the winding and the height of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the winding.
And 2, taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and acquiring detailed material parameters of the transformer winding material.
The detailed material parameters of the transformer winding material comprise the heat conductivity and specific heat capacity of a metal conductor of a conductor layer of the transformer winding, the heat conductivity of insulating paint of the conductor layer of the winding, and the heat conductivity and specific heat capacity of oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer winding.
And 3, analyzing the equivalent thermal conductivity and the equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction based on the equivalent thermal resistance model.
The method further comprises the following steps:
the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction can be obtained by an equivalent thermal resistance model, and the equivalent thermal conductivity specifically comprises the following steps:
the relationship between the thermal resistance of the material and the thickness and the thermal conductivity of the material is as follows:
R＝d/k (8)
where d is the material thickness and k is the material thermal conductivity.
The transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper is wrapped on the winding conductor layer, and the integral equivalent thermal conductivity R of the transformer winding in the radial direction is as follows:
R＝R1+R2+R3(9)
wherein R is1Thermal resistance of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, R2Insulating varnish thermal resistance, R, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3The thermal resistance of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer is achieved.
As can be obtained by the equations (1) and (2), the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the radial direction is:
wherein k is1Thermal conductivity of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, k2Insulating varnish thermal conductivity, k, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3Thermal conductivity of oil-impregnated insulating paper for transformer, d1Total thickness of metallic conductors of conductor layers for transformer windings, d2Total thickness of insulating varnish for the conductor layers of the transformer winding, d3The total thickness of the transformer oil-immersed insulation paper is obtained.
The transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper is wrapped on the winding conductor layer, and the overall equivalent thermal conductivity R of the transformer winding in the axial direction is as follows:
wherein R is1Thermal resistance of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, R2Insulating varnish thermal resistance, R, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3The thermal resistance of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer is achieved.
As can be obtained by the equations (1) and (4), the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the axial direction is:
wherein k is1Thermal conductivity of metal conductor for conductor layer of transformer winding, k2Insulating varnish thermal conductivity, k, for the conductor layer of a transformer winding3Thermal conductivity of oil-impregnated insulating paper for transformer, d1Total thickness of metallic conductors of conductor layers for transformer windings, d2Total thickness of insulating varnish for the conductor layers of the transformer winding, d3The total thickness of the transformer oil-immersed insulation paper is obtained.
Further, the equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding can be obtained by an equivalent heat capacity model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the transformer winding oil-immersed insulating paper is wrapped on the winding conductor layer, and the integral equivalent thermal conductivity R of the transformer winding in the radial direction is as follows:
cm△T＝c1m1△T+c2m2△T (13)
wherein, c1Specific heat capacity of the conductor layer of the transformer winding, c2Specific heat capacity of oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer, c equivalent specific heat capacity of a winding of the transformer, m1Is the total mass m of the conductor layers of the transformer winding2The total mass of the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer is m, and the total mass of the whole winding of the transformer is m.
The equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding is therefore:
the equivalent thermal conductivity and equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding formed in the present embodiment in the axial and radial directions are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 2 equivalent thermal conductivity of transformer windings in axial and radial directions
TABLE 2 equivalent specific heat capacity of transformer winding
And 4, establishing a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of the transformer, and loading equivalent thermal conductivity and equivalent specific heat capacity on the established transformer winding.
The transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model comprises a transformer iron core, a winding, a structural part, an oil duct and a radiator.
Furthermore, the transformer winding structure can be designed by adopting simplified structural parameters.
Furthermore, the simplified winding structure can enable the conductor layers and the insulating layers which are tightly connected together to be equivalent to a uniform blocky entity, and complex modeling on the fine conductor layers and the fine insulating layers is avoided.
Further, the height of the simplified winding structure in the axial direction is equal to the axial height of the simplified front winding, and the overall thickness of the simplified winding structure in the radial direction is equal to the overall thickness of the simplified front winding in the radial direction, as shown in fig. 2.
And 5, performing numerical analysis on the established transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model by adopting numerical analysis software to obtain the hot spot temperature distribution of the transformer on the winding under different working conditions.
The method further comprises the following steps:
5.1 before numerical analysis, the loss values of the transformer under different load conditions can be calculated by using a finite element method or determined by using a load test, and the loss values are loaded in a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of the transformer as a heat source;
and 5.2, when the temperature fluid field of the transformer is analyzed, a convective heat transfer coefficient can be loaded on the boundary of the transformer shell, and the convective heat transfer between the transformer and the external environment is simulated.
In the present embodiment, the winding temperature distribution of the transformer under the rated condition is shown in fig. 3, and the axial distribution of the high-low voltage winding of the transformer under the rated condition is shown in fig. 4.
The measured values and calculated values of the hot spot temperatures corresponding to different load ratios and the errors thereof are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 measured and calculated hotspot temperatures corresponding to different load ratios
According to the table 3, the error between the hot spot calculation result and the actually measured value of the transformer is within 3 ℃, the method has the characteristics of high precision, simplicity in calculation, high efficiency and feasibility, and the problems of high difficulty and low simulation calculation speed of a temperature field of the conventional hot spot measurement method are solved.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail by way of illustration, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be limited only by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The simplified analysis method of the transformer multi-physical field winding structure based on thermal parameter equivalence is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and obtaining detailed model parameters of a transformer winding structure;
step 2, taking the analyzed specific transformer as an object, and acquiring detailed material parameters of a material forming a transformer winding;
step 3, analyzing equivalent thermal parameters of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction based on the equivalent thermal resistance and the equivalent thermal capacity model;
step 4, establishing a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of the transformer, and loading equivalent thermal parameters on the transformer winding which is simply established;
and 5, performing numerical analysis on the established transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model by adopting numerical analysis software to obtain the hot spot temperature distribution of the transformer on the winding under different working conditions.
2. The simplified analysis method for the structure of the multi-physical field winding of the transformer based on the equivalent thermal parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps of obtaining transformer winding conductor layer structure parameters and oil-immersed insulation paper structure parameters, wherein the transformer winding conductor layer structure parameters comprise the thickness of a winding conductor layer metal conductor, the thickness of winding conductor layer insulation paint and the height of a winding conductor layer, and the obtained transformer winding oil-immersed insulation paper structure parameters specifically comprise the thickness of the winding oil-immersed insulation paper and the height of the winding oil-immersed insulation paper.
3. The simplified analysis method for the structure of the multi-physical field winding of the transformer based on the equivalent thermal parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
step 2 further comprises:
the detailed material parameters of the transformer winding material comprise the heat conductivity and specific heat capacity of a metal conductor of a conductor layer of the transformer winding, the heat conductivity of insulating paint of the conductor layer of the winding, and the heat conductivity and specific heat capacity of oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer winding.
4. The simplified analysis method for the structure of the multi-physical field winding of the transformer based on the equivalent thermal parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
step 4 further comprises:
the transformer three-dimensional numerical calculation model comprises a transformer iron core, a winding, a structural member, an oil duct and a radiator, the transformer winding structure can be designed by adopting simplified structural parameters, the simplified winding structure can enable a conductor layer and an insulating layer which are tightly connected together to be equivalent to a uniform blocky entity, complex modeling on the fine conductor layer and the insulating layer is avoided, the axial height of the simplified winding structure is equal to the axial height of a winding before simplification, and the radial overall thickness of the simplified winding structure is equal to the radial overall thickness of the winding before simplification.
5. The simplified analysis method for the structure of the multi-physical field winding of the transformer based on the equivalent thermal parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
step 5 further comprises:
the different working conditions of the transformer considered include different load rates, different ambient temperatures, different humidity and different wind speeds.
6. The simplified analysis method for the structure of the multi-physical field winding of the transformer based on the equivalent thermal parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step 3, the equivalent thermal parameters of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction comprise equivalent thermal conductivity and equivalent specific heat capacity, the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the axial direction and the radial direction can be obtained by an equivalent thermal resistance model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the thermal resistance of the material and the thickness and thermal conductivity of the material; the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the radial direction is,
the equivalent thermal conductivity of the transformer winding in the axial direction is,
the equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding can be obtained by an equivalent heat capacity model, and specifically comprises that the oil-immersed insulating paper of the transformer winding is wrapped on a winding conductor layer, the integral equivalent heat conductivity R of the transformer winding in the radial direction is cm △ T (c)1m1△T+c2m2△T。
7. The simplified analysis method for the structure of the multi-physics field winding of the transformer based on the equivalent of the thermal parameters as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the equivalent specific heat capacity of the transformer winding is
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| CN113128059A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-16 | 西南交通大学 | Thermal equivalent analysis method for internal defects of high-voltage bushing |
| CN113283071A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Method for acquiring temperature rise of high-frequency transformer winding |
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| CN113283071A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Method for acquiring temperature rise of high-frequency transformer winding |
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