CN111027123B - BIM model-based cable structure bridge design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cable structure bridge design method based on a BIM model, which relates to the field of bridge construction and comprises the following steps: initializing bridge parameters, and storing main tower, bridge deck, pile foundation, suspender, bent cap and stay cable/suspension cable foundation models; establishing a space three-dimensional coordinate system by using a bisector of the center of the main tower and the bridge deck, calculating and obtaining a space coordinate of the main tower according to the initialized bridge parameters, and obtaining a space coordinate of an intersection point of the bridge deck and the main tower; creating a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit comprising a main tower model, a stay rope/suspension rope model and a pile foundation model; and combining BIM three-dimensional space structure models of the structural units to obtain a bridge BIM model. The cable structure bridge design method based on the BIM model can more efficiently complete modeling and construction of the cable structure bridge BIM model, and reduce construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bridge design methods, in particular to a cable structure bridge design method based on a BIM model.
Background
Bridge is one of the most important structures in traffic engineering, and traditional design tasks are mainly focused on the drawing and structural analysis and calculation of the plane, vertical, section and steel bars of bridge and tunnel structures. From the aspect of expression, a designer usually uses two-dimensional drawings to express a three-dimensional structural form, but lacks a three-dimensional model of a structure, and besides the fact that the structural expression is unclear, a large number of errors in drawing and errors in engineering quantity statistics often occur, so that more construction errors and more design changes are caused. Meanwhile, the structural calculation is mainly simulated and analyzed from a two-dimensional angle, or a simplified analysis model is established, so that more accurate analysis and calculation are difficult to realize. Therefore, with the development of more and more high-speed traffic projects, the requirements on engineering quality are higher and higher, and the three-dimensional model establishment of bridges and tunnels in traffic design and the structural calculation based on the three-dimensional model are very important in a traffic three-dimensional design system.
BIM technology is widely used as a data tool applied to engineering construction management in developed areas such as Europe and America and is widely used in the domestic building industry. The BIM technology has the eight characteristics of information completeness, information relevance, information consistency, visualization, coordination, simulation, optimality and diagonability, and can be used for carrying out remote monitoring and information transmission on the overall construction condition of a construction site through an application platform, so that constructors can optimize unreasonable places before construction, and the waste of reworking after construction is avoided.
In specific application, for a special building design process with high precision, more structural parts and high structural coordination requirements of cable-structured bridge construction, a conventional BIM modeling scheme is long in time consumption and high in technical requirement, and the digital modeling of each structural part of the bridge needs to be performed in the specific design process without consuming time and manpower lower than that of drawing by a traditional method, so that the application efficiency of the BIM technology in the related bridge design and construction process is greatly influenced. Meanwhile, each bridge always comprises a complex space configuration different from other bridges in design and construction, the existing bridge model is relatively crude, and calculation and design modeling with space special-shaped curve configurations are difficult to achieve.
How to combine BIM technology with the structural characteristics of common modern cable-stayed bridge or suspension bridge construction schemes, and more efficiently finish the design and modeling of a bridge BIM model is a problem which is solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cable-structure bridge design method based on a BIM model, which can more efficiently complete modeling and construction of the BIM model of the cable-structure bridge, improve the efficiency and reduce the construction period.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cable structure bridge design method based on a BIM model comprises the following steps:
s1, setting initialized bridge parameters, and storing a main tower, a bridge deck, a pile foundation, a suspender, a bent cap and a stay cable/suspension cable basic model;
s2, establishing a space three-dimensional coordinate system by using a bisector of the center of the main tower and the bridge deck, calculating and obtaining space coordinates of the main tower according to the initialized bridge parameters, and obtaining space coordinates of intersection points of the bridge deck and the main tower;
s3, creating a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit comprising a main tower model, a stay rope/suspension rope model and a pile foundation model;
s4, combining BIM three-dimensional space structure models of the structural units to finish the creation of the bridge BIM model.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the initialized bridge parameters in the step S1 comprise main tower height, main girder length, side span, middle span, stay cable surface form, stay cable distance and stay cable horizontal inclination angle.
On the basis of the above technical solution, in the step S3, the specific step of creating the main tower model includes: reading space coordinates of the tower height of the main tower, the intersection point of the bridge deck and the main tower; selecting a basic model of a main tower structure form; and creating a main tower model according to the main tower height, the bridge deck and the main tower intersection point space coordinates.
On the basis of the above technical solution, in the step S3, the specific step of creating the stay cable/suspension cable model includes: when the bridge is established as a cable-stayed bridge, calculating three-dimensional space coordinates of end points at two sides of the cable through the set cable spacing in the horizontal and vertical directions, and then connecting the three-dimensional space coordinates of the end points at two sides of the cable to form a three-dimensional space model of the cable; when the bridge is established as a suspension bridge, determining a suspension rope endpoint of the suspension bridge through a bridge endpoint and a main tower vertex; creating a three-dimensional space model of the suspension cable, equally dividing the suspension cable according to the horizontal distance, and obtaining the endpoint coordinates of the suspension rod; boom endpoint coordinates, creating a three-dimensional spatial model of the boom.
Based on the above technical solution, in the step S3, the specific step of creating the pile foundation model includes:
the length, width and height of the capping beam and the foundation are obtained through the bridge width sum; obtaining the number of the group pile transverse bridges; and creating pile foundation models according to the selected basic model form of the capping beam, the length, width and height parameters of the foundation and the number of pile group transverse bridges.
On the basis of the technical scheme, in the step S3, after a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of the stay cable/suspension cable is created, the stay cable/suspension cable is segmented, the arc height of the stay cable/suspension cable is controlled according to the actual requirement error of the site, coordinates and bending angles of coordinates of opposite endpoints of each breakpoint are marked after segmentation, then a curve is fitted to the points through a fitting equation origin8.0, and the curve is compared with the original stay cable/suspension cable curve, so that whether the required fitting degree is met is judged.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the step S4 further includes: s5, simulating the bridge construction process, rechecking and modifying project design drawings and construction parameters according to simulation results, adjusting incorrect model data, and calibrating on-site construction drawings.
Based on the above technical solution, the step S5 specifically includes:
after the bridge BIM model is obtained, a 4D animation simulation is created to simulate the construction process of the whole bridge through the time parameters of each unit model; checking whether conflict exists between the position and the parameter of each structural component of the bridge during modeling in the construction simulation process, and marking the position of the BIM unit model with errors if the condition that actual construction cannot be performed exists during the simulation construction process; and rechecking and modifying project design drawings and construction parameters according to simulation results, and simultaneously modifying incorrect BIM unit model data to calibrate on-site construction drawings.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: BIM unit models in different construction flows are displayed in different colors and different visual angles, so that on-site constructors can accurately see the internal components of engineering construction.
Based on the above technical solution, the step S4 specifically includes:
s41, reading a data file and a bridge list;
s42, acquiring a bridge center point pile number and a span expression, and sequentially calculating each pile foundation pile number;
s43, judging whether the array exceeds a preset model pattern boundary, if so, returning to the BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit of the bridge member view combination, obtaining a bridge BIM model and ending; if not, go to step S44;
s44, judging whether the bridge head position is the bridge head position, if so, creating a bridge abutment, and returning to the step S43; if not, S45 is entered;
s45, acquiring a preset bridge type, judging whether the bridge type is a special bridge, and if not, turning to a step S46; if yes, go to step S47;
s46, creating a general bridge model, and turning to a step S43;
s47, judging whether the currently set bridge span meets the view value, if so, drawing a special bridge model, and turning to the step S43; if not, go to step S46.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the cable structure bridge design method based on the BIM model, the bridge BIM model design and the construction process are correspondingly combined, the BIM model establishment process is modularized and programmed, so that a designer can obtain BIM models of corresponding cable structure bridges meeting mechanical requirements and specifications in batches and in standardization through parameter adjustment, more than 80% of time can be saved compared with the cable structure bridge BIM modeling method in the prior art, and the design construction efficiency is greatly improved.
(2) The bridge three-dimensional model established by the BIM-based cable structure bridge design method can be directly used for later bridge construction and operation and maintenance management, provides a basic model support, greatly improves the work efficiency of three-dimensional space cable structure bridge construction, improves the precision of each structure to be processed, and greatly saves the construction period and the cost.
(3) According to the cable structure bridge design method based on the BIM model, after the modular modeling is completed to obtain the standard bridge model, the special configuration of the bridge cable, the bridge girder and the like can be adjusted in batches, so that the rapid modeling and automatic model generation of the bridge with the complicated space special-shaped structure are realized, the modeling efficiency is further improved, and the related problems are solved.
(4) The BIM three-dimensional space structure model of the stay cable/suspension cable is established, then the stay cable/suspension cable is segmented, the arc height of the stay cable/suspension cable is controlled according to the actual requirement error of the site, and after segmentation, coordinates and bending angles of relative endpoints of all break points are marked, so that comprehensive judgment is performed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of designing a bridge based on BIM model for a cable-stayed bridge in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a bridge design method based on BIM model for a suspension bridge according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flow chart of a BIM model of a bridge with a cable structure obtained by combining BIM three-dimensional space structure models of structural units in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cable bridge design method based on a BIM model, including the following steps:
s1, setting initialized bridge parameters, and storing a main tower, a bridge deck, a pile foundation, a suspender, a bent cap and a stay cable/suspension cable basic model;
s2, establishing a space three-dimensional coordinate system by using a bisector of the center of the main tower and the bridge deck, calculating and obtaining space coordinates of the main tower according to the initialized bridge parameters, and obtaining space coordinates of intersection points of the bridge deck and the main tower;
s3, creating a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit comprising a main tower model, a stay rope/suspension rope model and a pile foundation model;
s4, combining BIM three-dimensional space structure models of the structural units to obtain a bridge BIM model.
In one embodiment, the initialized bridge parameters set in step S1 may include main tower height, main girder height, side span, mid span, stay cable face form, stay cable pitch, stay cable horizontal tilt angle, etc.; in a preferred embodiment, after setting the initialized bridge parameters, judging whether structural deviation exists in each initialized bridge parameter through a preset rule, if the ratio of the preset side span to the middle span is smaller than 0.5, the preset rule can be set individually according to the bridge type selected by the user, if in the above example, the ratio of the side span to the middle span under the classification of highway bridges or urban bridges can be further preset to be 0.40-0.45, and the ratio of the side span to the middle span under the classification of railway bridges with high preset live load is preset to be 0.20-0.25. Similar to the examples described above, in a preferred embodiment, the stay cable level angle may be preset to range from 25 to 65, with a tower height/midspan ratio of 0.212-0.370.
The BIM three-dimensional space structure model which is used for storing main towers, bridge decks, pile foundations, suspenders, bent cap beams and stay ropes/suspension ropes and is a common or feasible related structure in the existing design is arranged, and the BIM three-dimensional space structure model can be used as an option for a designer in the subsequent process. When the system is used, the actual size and shape parameters and position parameters of the related basic model can be calculated according to the set initialized bridge parameters and the preset graphic coordinate positions, the stored BIM three-dimensional space structure model of the related structure is enlarged or reduced in proportion, and the BIM three-dimensional space structure model is filled into the corresponding modeling model.
As in a preferred embodiment, the base model in the form of a radiating, harp, fan, star, etc. cable surface may be edited and preset for selection by the user and upon selection directly invokes the stored base model input view.
In the step S3, the BIM three-dimensional space structure model creation work of each structural unit of the bridge is completed, the basic steps are that a user selects the category of the structural unit from the stored preset basic models,
in particular, in one provided embodiment, the specific steps of creating a master tower model include:
reading space coordinates of the tower height of the main tower, the intersection point of the bridge deck and the main tower; selecting a basic model of a main tower structure form; and creating a main tower model according to the main tower height, the bridge deck and the main tower intersection point space coordinates.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of creating the stay/suspension cable model include:
when the bridge is established as a cable-stayed bridge, calculating three-dimensional space coordinates of end points at two sides of the cable through the set cable spacing in the horizontal and vertical directions, and then connecting the three-dimensional space coordinates of the end points at two sides of the cable to form a three-dimensional space model of the cable;
when the bridge is established as a suspension bridge, determining a suspension rope endpoint of the suspension bridge through a bridge endpoint and a main tower vertex; creating a three-dimensional space model of the suspension cable, equally dividing the suspension cable according to the horizontal distance, and obtaining the endpoint coordinates of the suspension rod; boom endpoint coordinates, creating a three-dimensional spatial model of the boom.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of creating the pile foundation model include:
the length, width and height of the capping beam and the foundation are obtained through the bridge width sum; obtaining the number of the group pile transverse bridges; and creating pile foundation models according to the selected basic model form of the capping beam, the length, width and height parameters of the foundation and the number of pile group transverse bridges.
In the basic flow of creating the model, a BIM unit model of each structural unit can be created by using a Revit or Tekla modeling platform, and time parameters are given to each unit model; then, a construction plan can be established according to the time parameters given by each unit model, and a corresponding budget plan for the amount of consumed materials, the overall cost of the project and the time can be established. Through the workflow, a change chart of the construction progress, the consumption consumable quantity and project expense use about a time axis and each node can be established, the construction party can monitor the change of the project progress, the expense and the material quantity during construction operation, schedule of related materials and expense is reserved and prepared in advance, and the construction party can conveniently control the construction condition.
In one embodiment, the following steps may be added after step S4 to enhance the suitability of the design method of the present invention to the actual construction process: s5, simulating the bridge construction process through 4D animation simulation, rechecking and modifying project design drawings and construction parameters according to simulation results, adjusting incorrect model data, and calibrating on-site construction drawings.
Specifically, the step S5 may specifically include:
after the bridge BIM model is obtained, a 4D animation simulation is created to simulate the construction process of the whole bridge through the time parameters of each unit model;
checking whether conflict exists between the position and the parameter of each structural component of the bridge during modeling in the construction simulation process, and marking the position of the BIM unit model with errors if the condition that actual construction cannot be performed exists during the simulation construction process;
and rechecking and modifying project design drawings and construction parameters according to simulation results, and simultaneously modifying incorrect BIM unit model data to calibrate on-site construction drawings.
Preferably, BIM unit models in different construction flows can be displayed in different colors and different visual angles, so that on-site constructors can accurately see the internal components of engineering construction.
In step S3, after a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of the stay cable/suspension cable is created, the stay cable/suspension cable is segmented, the arc height of the stay cable/suspension cable is controlled according to the actual requirement error of the site, coordinates and bending angles of opposite endpoints of each breakpoint are marked after segmentation, then a curve is formed by point fitting through a fitting equation origin8.0, and the curve is compared with the original stay cable/suspension cable curve, so that whether the required fitting degree is met is judged.
As shown in fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment, the step S4 specifically includes:
s41, reading a data file and a bridge list;
s42, acquiring a bridge center point pile number and a span expression, and sequentially calculating each pile foundation pile number;
s43, judging whether the array exceeds a preset model pattern boundary, if so, returning to the BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit of the bridge member entity combination, obtaining a bridge BIM model and ending; if not, go to step S44;
s44, judging whether the bridge head position is the bridge head position, if so, creating a bridge abutment, and returning to the step S43; if not, S45 is entered;
s45, acquiring a preset bridge type, judging whether the bridge type is a special bridge, and if not, turning to a step S46; if yes, go to step S47;
s46, creating a general bridge model, and turning to a step S43;
s47, judging whether the currently set bridge span meets the view value, if so, drawing a special bridge model, and turning to the step S43; if not, go to step S46.
In the specific design construction process, when the step S4 is executed to create the data model, the three-dimensional model can be directly drawn according to the combination of the steps, or the three-dimensional model related to the building module in each step is created step by step in combination with the actual construction process, so that the model content of other components is not influenced when the component model is adjusted in the construction process, and the difficulty of system load and comprehensive management of the model is reduced.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but a number of modifications and adaptations can be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, which modifications and adaptations are also considered to be within the scope of the invention. What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The cable structure bridge design method based on the BIM model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, setting initialized bridge parameters, and storing basic models of a main tower, a bridge deck, a pile foundation, a suspender, a bent cap and a bridge cable;
s2, establishing a space three-dimensional coordinate system by using a bisector of the center of the main tower and the bridge deck, calculating and obtaining space coordinates of the main tower according to the initialized bridge parameters, and obtaining space coordinates of intersection points of the bridge deck and the main tower;
s3, creating a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit comprising a main tower model, a bridge cable model and a pile foundation model; the method for creating the main tower model comprises the following specific steps of: reading space coordinates of the tower height of the main tower, the intersection point of the bridge deck and the main tower; selecting a basic model of a main tower structure form; creating a main tower model according to the main tower height, the bridge deck and the main tower intersection point space coordinates;
s4, combining BIM three-dimensional space structure models of all the structural units to finish the creation of a bridge BIM model, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: s41, reading a data file and a bridge list;
s42, acquiring a bridge center point pile number and a span expression, and sequentially calculating each pile foundation pile number;
s43, judging whether the array exceeds a preset model pattern boundary, if so, returning to the BIM three-dimensional space structure model of each structural unit of the bridge member view combination, obtaining a bridge BIM model and ending; if not, go to step S44;
s44, judging whether the bridge head position is the bridge head position, if so, creating a bridge abutment, and returning to the step S43; if not, S45 is entered;
s45, acquiring a preset bridge type, judging whether the bridge type is a special bridge, and if not, turning to a step S46; if yes, go to step S47;
s46, creating a general bridge model, and turning to a step S43;
s47, judging whether the currently set bridge span meets the view value, if so, drawing a special bridge model, and turning to the step S43; if not, go to step S46;
in the step, the bridge rope is a stay rope or a suspension rope.
2. The BIM model-based cable structure bridge design method of claim 1, wherein: the initialized bridge parameters in the step S1 comprise main tower height, main girder length, side span, middle span, stay cable surface form, stay cable distance and stay cable horizontal inclination angle.
3. The bridge design method for cable structure based on the BIM model according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the specific step of creating the bridge cable model includes:
when the bridge is established as a cable-stayed bridge, calculating three-dimensional space coordinates of end points at two sides of the cable through the set cable spacing in the horizontal and vertical directions, and then connecting the three-dimensional space coordinates of the end points at two sides of the cable to form a three-dimensional space model of the cable;
when the bridge is established as a suspension bridge, determining a suspension rope endpoint of the suspension bridge through a bridge endpoint and a main tower vertex; creating a three-dimensional space model of the suspension cable, equally dividing the suspension cable according to the horizontal distance, and obtaining the endpoint coordinates of the suspension rod; boom endpoint coordinates, creating a three-dimensional spatial model of the boom.
4. The method for designing a cable structured bridge based on a BIM model according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the specific step of creating the pile foundation model includes:
the length, width and height of the capping beam and the foundation are obtained through the bridge width sum; obtaining the number of the group pile transverse bridges; and creating pile foundation models according to the selected basic model form of the capping beam, the length, width and height parameters of the foundation and the number of pile group transverse bridges.
5. A method for designing a bridge of a cable structure based on a BIM model according to any one of claims 3 to 4, wherein:
in step S3, after a BIM three-dimensional space structure model of the bridge cable is created, the bridge cable is segmented, the arc height of the bridge cable is controlled according to the actual requirement errors on site, coordinates and bending angles of opposite endpoints of each breakpoint are marked after segmentation, then a curve is formed by point fitting through a fitting equation origin8.0, and the curve is compared with an original bridge cable curve, so that whether the required fitting degree is met is judged.
6. The method for designing a bridge with a cable structure based on a BIM model according to claim 5, wherein the step S4 further includes: s5, simulating the bridge construction process, rechecking and modifying project design drawings and construction parameters according to simulation results, adjusting incorrect model data, and calibrating on-site construction drawings.
7. The method for designing a bridge with a cable structure based on a BIM model as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step S5 specifically includes:
after the bridge BIM model is obtained, a 4D animation simulation is created to simulate the construction process of the whole bridge through the time parameters of each unit model;
checking whether conflict exists between the position and the parameter of each structural component of the bridge during modeling in the construction simulation process, and marking the position of the BIM unit model with errors if the condition that actual construction cannot be performed exists during the simulation construction process;
and rechecking and modifying project design drawings and construction parameters according to simulation results, and simultaneously modifying incorrect BIM unit model data to calibrate on-site construction drawings.
8. The BIM model-based cable structure bridge design method of claim 7, further comprising: BIM unit models in different construction flows are displayed in different colors and different visual angles, so that on-site constructors can accurately see the internal components of engineering construction.
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| CN112081285B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-10-19 | 北京市建筑工程研究院有限责任公司 | Method for determining length of prestressed stay cable of cable structure |
| CN112257157A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Cable system construction method based on BIM, cable system and suspension bridge |
| CN112685808B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-12-27 | 山西省智慧交通研究院有限公司 | Cable-stayed bridge technical condition parameterized structure modeling and intelligent evaluation system |
| CN112560131B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-09-09 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Traffic sign board rapid parameterization BIM dynamic modeling method and traffic sign board BIM modeling system |
| CN115048709B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-11 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | Prestressed steel beam space positioning method and system |
| CN116628830B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-22 | 中建安装集团西安建设投资有限公司 | Positioning paying-off method and system based on BIM technology |
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