CN111025475A - Method for manufacturing Y waveguide based on refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
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- CN111025475A CN111025475A CN201911190729.9A CN201911190729A CN111025475A CN 111025475 A CN111025475 A CN 111025475A CN 201911190729 A CN201911190729 A CN 201911190729A CN 111025475 A CN111025475 A CN 111025475A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide manufacturing based on photonic crystal fibers, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a Y waveguide based on a refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber. The structure of the invention is composed of the following elements: UV glue, a glass sleeve, a refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber, a lithium niobate waveguide chip, a metal tube shell and bonding glue. The invention is characterized in that: and the low-refractive-index UV glue is filled into the refractive-index guided photonic crystal fiber, the filling depth is controlled to be 50-150 um after grinding, the sufficiently high transmission loss and the polarization crosstalk of the tail fiber are ensured, and the tail fiber module is manufactured and then coupled with a waveguide chip, and finally packaged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide manufacturing based on photonic crystal fibers, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing a Y waveguide based on a refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber.
Background
The Y waveguide device is used as a core component of the optical fiber gyroscope, and has the problems of temperature sensitivity, high noise, poor magnetic sensitivity and radiation resistance and the like in practical engineering application, so that the performance of the optical fiber gyroscope is seriously influenced. At present, the problems can be better solved by optimizing the structure, winding more precise optical fibers, a more perfect signal processing scheme and an effective shielding technology, but the technical measures make the gyroscope more complex and the cost is greatly increased.
The unique construction of photonic crystal fibers has the following unique advantages: (1) the sensitivity to environmental factors such as temperature, electromagnetic field, space radiation and the like is low; (2) the scattering is low, the loss is small, the transmission parameter is stable, and the bending is not sensitive; (3) the refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber has infinite single mode transmission capability. Reports show that the temperature stability of the photonic crystal fiber is improved by 3 to 6 times compared with that of the common single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber, the sensitivity is reduced by 10 to 20 times, and the photonic crystal fiber is used for replacing the conventional single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber, so that the polarization error of the fiber-optic gyroscope can be effectively reduced, the system noise is reduced, the gyroscope precision and the temperature stability are improved, and the gyroscope size is reduced.
Due to the characteristic advantages of the refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber, the photonic crystal fiber is competitive with the conventional single-mode polarization maintaining fiber in domestic research institutes and enterprises, and the technical blockade and the higher process difficulty are caused abroad, so that the unit attention is focused on the fusion welding technology of the photonic crystal fiber and the conventional fiber. However, when the photonic crystal fiber is welded with a common polarization maintaining fiber, a light reflection area is formed on the welding end face to introduce back reflection light noise, and in addition, the defect of collapse of the pores at the welding position is difficult to avoid, so that larger welding loss is caused and polarization crosstalk of the tail fiber is reduced; the air in the air hole is under the temperature variation environment, thereby the variable quantity of refracting index does not match with quartzy and leads to the mode field mismatch, and if adopt photonic crystal optic fibre direct coupling Y waveguide technique, can avoid above-mentioned problem, improves the whole extinction ratio of device and temperature stability, lays good basis for later stage Y waveguide chip direct coupling photonic crystal optic fibre ring. On the other hand, due to the characteristics of low transmission loss and insensitivity to bending of the photonic crystal fiber, the size of the fiber-optic gyroscope can be further reduced, and powerful technical support is provided for developing a miniaturized high-precision fiber-optic gyroscope technology.
Patents cn201510853161.x and CN201510827293.5 show that the fusion splicing method of the photonic crystal fiber and the conventional panda fiber can significantly improve the fusion splicing loss, but there still exists the coupling end reflection of the conventional fiber and the photonic crystal fiber, which brings optical noise to the gyro system, and the temperature characteristic is not as good as the gyro effect of the all-photonic crystal fiber.
The patent CN201410484241.8 focuses on the winding of a photonic crystal fiber ring, and the fiber outlet portion of the waveguide device adjusts the matching between the mode field diameter and the fiber ring through a hole shrinking process, and does not describe the method for manufacturing the tail fiber of the photonic crystal fiber.
Patent CN200610113700.7 is to add organic resin to the coupling section, forms solid-state connection structure, and the loss is lower relatively, but the refracting index and the thermal coefficient of organic resin colloid are great, are unfavorable for the environment application that the difference in temperature is big, consequently only are applicable to the coupling of normal atmospheric temperature device, can not improve the whole stability demand of optic fibre top under the full text state.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber is used for replacing a traditional panda polarization maintaining fiber so as to improve the performance and the environmental adaptability of a device.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a Y waveguide based on a refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber, the method comprising:
step 1: bonding the photonic crystal fiber and the glass sleeve together to manufacture a tail fiber module;
step 2: cutting the optical fiber after high-temperature baking, filling ultraviolet glue, and ensuring the filling depth of 110-210um after the treatment of a glue filling process;
and step 3: and grinding the tail fiber module, forming an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, coupling the tail fiber module with the Y waveguide device to form a device, and packaging the device into a metal tube shell.
Wherein the photonic crystal fiber is a refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber (TIR-PCF).
In the step 1, the optical fiber shaft aligning process is used for realizing the shaft aligning work of the tail fiber module, after the photonic crystal fiber and the glass sleeve are bonded together, the tail fiber of the photonic crystal fiber protrudes out of the end face of the glass sleeve by about 1cm, and the connecting direction of the central points of the two large stress holes is parallel to the horizontal direction of the glass sleeve, so that the shaft aligning is realized.
Wherein, in the step 2, the high temperature is 85 ℃.
In the step 2, the protruding tail fiber of the tail fiber module is cut after screening at the high temperature of 85 ℃, and the height deviation of the protruding tail fiber of the tail fiber module and the end face of the glass sleeve is not more than 0.5 mm.
In the step 2, the pigtail module is fixed and filled with ultraviolet glue, the glue filling time is 5min, and the glue filling depth is ensured to be 110-210um, so as to ensure high enough loss and pigtail polarization crosstalk;
and (5) carrying out ultraviolet exposure for 2 hours, and screening out the workpieces with uneven filling and unqualified depths by microscopic examination.
The ultraviolet glue is low-refractive-index ultraviolet glue so as to meet the requirement on the refractive index.
And 2, ensuring the cleanliness in the air holes before filling the glue.
Wherein, in step 3, when grinding the tail optical fiber module, grind technology coarse grinding 30min, grind the precision control within 3um, and the accurate grinding is 2 hours, and the precision control is at 0.5 um.
In the step 3, the grinding accompanying block is added during grinding, friction is reduced to prevent the end face from being cracked due to the fact that the pressure of the traditional process is large, the end face is cleaned and subjected to microscopic examination after grinding, the filling depth is controlled between 50-150 um, and the coupled optical performance requirement is met.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) the refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber is used for manufacturing a Y waveguide device instead of the traditional panda polarization maintaining fiber.
(2) According to the glue filling equipment (as shown in fig. 3), the photonic crystal fiber is filled with the low-refractive-index ultraviolet glue, so that the filling depth is controlled to be 110-.
(3) A tail fiber module (shown in figure 2) meeting the coupling requirement is manufactured by adjusting a grinding method, the grinding precision of the end face is ensured to be less than 1um, colloid in the optical fiber pore at the center of the end face is completely filled (no unfilled pore), and the polarization crosstalk of the tail fiber is larger than 30dB through a polarimeter test after microscopic examination.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention avoids a plurality of problems caused by the fusion splicing of the traditional optical fiber and the photonic crystal fiber, simultaneously solves the defects of large loss, low polarization crosstalk of the tail fiber and the like caused by directly using the photonic crystal fiber and the waveguide, and further improves the temperature stability of the Y waveguide, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the fiber-optic gyroscope and laying a foundation for the subsequent photonic crystal fiber ring direct coupling technology.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pigtail module of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pigtail glue filling fixture according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1, 2 and 3 are photonic crystal fibers, 4, 5 and 6 are glass sleeves, 7 is a lithium niobate chip, 8 is a metal electrode, 9 is a gold wire and 10 is a tube shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a Y waveguide based on a refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: bonding the photonic crystal fiber and the glass sleeve together to manufacture a tail fiber module;
step 2: cutting the optical fiber after high-temperature baking, filling ultraviolet glue with low refractive index, and ensuring the filling depth of 110-210um after the treatment of a glue filling process;
and step 3: and grinding the tail fiber module, forming an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, coupling the tail fiber module with the Y waveguide device to form a device, and packaging the device into a metal tube shell.
Wherein the photonic crystal fiber is a refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber (TIR-PCF).
In the step 1, the optical fiber axis-to-axis process is used to realize the axis-to-axis operation of the pigtail module, as shown in fig. 2, 1 is a photonic crystal fiber, and 4 is a glass sleeve. After the photonic crystal fiber and the glass sleeve are bonded together, the tail fiber of the photonic crystal fiber protrudes out of the end face of the glass sleeve by about 1cm, and the connecting direction of the central points of the two large stress holes is parallel to the horizontal direction of the glass sleeve, so that the axis alignment is realized.
Wherein, in the step 2, the high temperature is 85 ℃.
In the step 2, the protruding tail fiber of the tail fiber module is cut after screening at the high temperature of 85 ℃, and the height deviation of the protruding tail fiber of the tail fiber module and the end face of the glass sleeve is not more than 0.5 mm.
In the step 2, the pigtail module is fixed by a glue filling clamp (shown in fig. 3), and the selected ultraviolet glue with low refractive index is filled, wherein the glue filling time is 5min, and the glue filling depth is ensured to be 110-210um, so as to ensure high enough loss and pigtail polarization crosstalk;
and (5) carrying out ultraviolet exposure for 2 hours, and screening out the workpieces with uneven filling and unqualified depths by microscopic examination.
The ultraviolet glue is low-refractive-index ultraviolet glue so as to meet the requirement on the refractive index.
Wherein, in the step 2, the cleanliness in the air holes before filling the glue is ensured.
Wherein, in step 3, when grinding the tail optical fiber module, grind technology coarse grinding 30min, grind the precision control within 3um, and the accurate grinding is 2 hours, and the precision control is at 0.5 um.
In the step 3, the grinding accompanying block is added during grinding, friction is reduced to prevent the end face from being cracked due to the fact that the pressure of the traditional process is large, the end face is cleaned and subjected to microscopic examination after grinding, the filling depth is controlled between 50-150 um, and the coupled optical performance requirement is met. The grinding angle is 15 +/-1 degrees, and the polarization crosstalk of the detection tail fiber is more than or equal to 30 dB.
Wherein, the coupling process controls the glue amount, and other impurities are not introduced into the coupling end face; the UV coupling glue is used for solving the problem of refractive index matching with the end face of the tail fiber module, ensuring enough bonding strength and ensuring the environmental adaptability of devices.
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. the optical fiber axis aligning process is used for realizing the axis aligning work of the tail fiber module, and as shown in fig. 2, 1 is a photonic crystal optical fiber, and 2 is a glass tube. At the moment, the tail fiber protrudes out of the end face of the glass tube by about 1cm, and the connection line direction of the central points of the two large stress holes is parallel to the horizontal direction of the glass tube to realize the shaft alignment.
2. And cutting the protruding tail fiber of the tail fiber module after screening at the high temperature of 85 ℃, wherein the height deviation of the protruding tail fiber of the tail fiber module and the end surface of the glass tube is not more than 0.5 mm.
3. And fixing the tail fiber module by using a glue filling clamp (shown in figure 3), filling the selected UV glue, wherein the glue filling time is 5min, and the glue filling depth is 110-210 um. And (5) carrying out ultraviolet exposure for 2 hours, and screening out the workpieces with uneven filling and unqualified depths by microscopic examination.
4. The grinding process is used for carrying out coarse grinding for 30min, the grinding precision is controlled within 3um, the precision is controlled within 0.5um after fine grinding for 2 hours, grinding accompanying blocks are added during the grinding process, and the friction force is reduced to prevent the end face from being cracked due to larger pressure in the traditional process.
5. And cleaning and microscopic examination are carried out after grinding, the filling depth is controlled to be 50-150 um, the grinding angle is 15 +/-1 degrees, and the polarization crosstalk of the tail fiber is detected to be more than or equal to 30 dB.
6. The indexes of the coupled Y waveguide device meet the indexes shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 index requirements for Y waveguide devices
| Parameter index | Numerical requirement |
| Normal temperature insertion loss/dB | ≤4.0 |
| Full temperature insertion loss variation/dB | ≤0.5 |
| Splitting ratio/% | ≤3 |
| Normal temperature tail fiber polarization crosstalk/dB | ≤-27 |
| Full-temperature pigtail polarization crosstalk/dB | ≤-23 |
7. And packaging the chip, detecting the indexes of the test product after aging according to the requirements of the table 1, and screening out devices meeting the index requirements.
In conclusion, the method of the technical scheme of the invention replaces the conventional panda polarization maintaining fiber with the refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber, and has the advantages of insensitivity to environmental factors, small loss, strong single-mode transmission capability and the like. The structure of the invention is composed of the following elements: UV glue, a glass sleeve, a refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber, a lithium niobate waveguide chip, a metal tube shell and bonding glue. The invention is characterized in that: and filling the low-refractive-index UV glue into a refractive-index guided photonic crystal fiber (TIR-PCF), controlling the filling depth to be 50-150 um after grinding, ensuring sufficiently high transmission loss and tail fiber polarization crosstalk, coupling the tail fiber module with a waveguide chip after manufacturing, and finally packaging.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing a Y-waveguide based on a refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber, the method comprising:
step 1: bonding the photonic crystal fiber and the glass sleeve together to manufacture a tail fiber module;
step 2: cutting the optical fiber after high-temperature baking, filling ultraviolet glue, and ensuring the filling depth of 110-210um after the treatment of a glue filling process;
and step 3: and grinding the tail fiber module, forming an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, coupling the tail fiber module with the Y waveguide device to form a device, and packaging the device into a metal tube shell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the photonic crystal fiber is a refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber.
3. The method for manufacturing the Y waveguide based on the refractive index guiding type photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the fiber-to-axis process is used to realize the axis-to-axis operation of the pigtail module, after the photonic crystal fiber and the glass sleeve are bonded together, the pigtail of the photonic crystal fiber protrudes out of the end surface of the glass sleeve by about 1cm, and the connection line direction of the central points of the two large stress holes is parallel to the horizontal direction of the glass sleeve, thereby realizing the axis-to-axis operation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the elevated temperature in step 2 is 85 ℃.
5. The method for manufacturing the Y waveguide based on the refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the protruding portion of the pigtail module is cut after screening at a high temperature of 85 ℃ and the height deviation of the protruding portion of the pigtail from the end face of the glass sleeve is not more than 0.5 mm.
6. The method for manufacturing the Y waveguide based on the refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the pigtail module is fixed and filled with ultraviolet glue, the glue filling time is 5min, and the glue filling depth is ensured to be 110-210um, so as to ensure high enough loss and pigtail polarization crosstalk;
and (5) carrying out ultraviolet exposure for 2 hours, and screening out the workpieces with uneven filling and unqualified depths by microscopic examination.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the UV glue is a low refractive index UV glue to meet the requirement of refractive index.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step 2, cleanliness in the air holes before filling is ensured.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when the pigtail module is ground, the grinding process performs rough grinding for 30min, the grinding precision is controlled within 3um, and the finish grinding is performed for 2 hours, the precision is controlled within 0.5 um.
10. The method for manufacturing the Y waveguide based on the refractive index guided photonic crystal fiber according to claim 9, wherein in the step 3, a grinding accompanying block is added during grinding to reduce friction force so as to prevent the end face from being cracked due to high pressure in the conventional process, and the end face is cleaned and inspected after grinding, so that the filling depth is controlled between 50 and 150 μm, and the requirement of the optical performance of coupling is met.
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| CN112379131A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国科学技术大学 | Hybrid waveguide, preparation method of optical microscope probe and optical microscope probe |
| CN112394453A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-23 | 天津津航技术物理研究所 | Method for manufacturing Y waveguide based on refractive index guide type photonic crystal fiber |
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