CN111025306A - Vibration positioning method and system based on phase-sensitive OTDR - Google Patents
Vibration positioning method and system based on phase-sensitive OTDR Download PDFInfo
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- CN111025306A CN111025306A CN201911119737.4A CN201911119737A CN111025306A CN 111025306 A CN111025306 A CN 111025306A CN 201911119737 A CN201911119737 A CN 201911119737A CN 111025306 A CN111025306 A CN 111025306A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vibration positioning method and system based on phase-sensitive OTDR. The vibration positioning method comprises the following steps: tuning the pulse width of the ith light pulse to obtain the (i + 1) th light pulse, collecting and positioning the (i + 1) th positioning resolution Delta L according to the (i + 1) th back Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signali+1Determining the position of the vibration to be in the (i + 1) th defense area after the vibration is detected; wherein, the i +1 th positioning resolution DeltaLi+1Determined by the pulse width of the i +1 th light pulse,. DELTA.Li+1＜ΔLiAnd Δ LiIs DeltaLi+1Integer multiples of; the detection range of the (i + 1) th time is the range of the ith defense area; and i, sequentially taking positive integers from 1, circulating the tuning steps until the vibration positioning reaches the preset precision, and outputting the position of the vibration. The invention realizes accurate positioning query by dynamic tuning based on positioning resolution, and solves the problem of mutual limitation between long distance and positioning accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration positioning, and particularly relates to a vibration positioning method and system based on phase-sensitive OTDR.
Background
As a distributed optical fiber sensing system, the phase OTDR system has the characteristics of electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, high positioning accuracy, multipoint detection and the like, and has the advantages that the traditional sensor cannot replace the traditional sensor in the aspect of real-time remote dynamic monitoring of invasion and vibration in an optical fiber line range.
The phase-sensitive OTDR has important application in the fields of perimeter security protection, early warning monitoring of oil and gas pipelines, safety monitoring of communication optical cables and the like. In a phase OTDR system, how to locate the position of a vibration signal in an acquired back rayleigh scattering interference signal is always the focus of research. Existing phase sensitivity
In long distance application, when higher positioning resolution is adopted, the number of defense areas of the sensing optical fiber is excessive, the signal processing time is long, and the detection method is used for detecting the position of the sensing optical fiberAnd the detection time (detection frequency) for monitoring the vibration is limited. In order to increase the detection frequency of the monitoring vibration, only the positioning accuracy can be reduced. Thus, there are existing
Under the requirement of certain detection vibration detection time, contradiction exists between monitoring distance and positioning accuracy. In order to ensure the frequency range of the detection vibration, the long-distance application can only reduce the positioning precision.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above disadvantages in the prior art, the present invention provides a vibration positioning method and system based on phase-sensitive OTDR.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vibration positioning method based on phase sensitive OTDR comprises the following steps:
modulating laser into 1 st light pulse, inputting the 1 st light pulse into a sensing optical fiber to generate 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light, collecting 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal, and positioning according to the 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal and the 1 st positioning resolution DeltaL1Determining the position of the vibration to be in a 1 st defense area after the vibration is detected; wherein the 1 st positioning resolution DeltaL1Determining according to the pulse width of the 1 st light pulse;
tuning the pulse width of the ith light pulse to obtain an i +1 th light pulse, inputting the i +1 th light pulse into the sensing optical fiber to generate i +1 th backward Rayleigh scattering light, collecting an i +1 th backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal, and positioning the resolution delta L according to the i +1 th backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal and the i +1 th positioning resolutioni+1Determining the position of the vibration to be in the (i + 1) th defense area after the vibration is detected; wherein, the i +1 th positioning resolution DeltaLi+1Determined by the pulse width of the i +1 th light pulse,. DELTA.Li+1＜ΔLiAnd Δ LiIs DeltaLi+1Integer multiples of; the detection range of the (i + 1) th time is the range of the ith defense area;
and i, sequentially taking positive integers from 1, circulating the tuning steps until the vibration positioning reaches the preset precision, and outputting the position of the vibration.
Preferably, the i-th positioning resolution Δ LiAccording to the pulse width tau of the ith light pulseiDetermining:
ΔLi＝cτi/2neff
wherein c and neffThe speed of light in vacuum and the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the core of the sensing fiber.
Preferably, all the light pulses are rectangular light pulses, square light pulses, triangular light pulses or trapezoidal light pulses.
The invention also provides a vibration positioning system based on the phase-sensitive OTDR, which applies the vibration positioning method according to any scheme, wherein the vibration positioning system comprises a laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an optical amplifier, an optical fiber circulator and a sensing optical fiber which are sequentially connected, the optical fiber circulator is connected with a photoelectric detector, the photoelectric detector is connected with a signal processor, and the signal processor is connected with the acousto-optic modulator.
Preferably, the laser is a narrow linewidth laser.
Preferably, the narrow linewidth laser has a center wavelength of 1550 nm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a vibration positioning method and a system based on phase-sensitive OTDR (optical time Domain reflectometer), which are oriented to long distance
The first detection stage adopts low positioning precision, after vibration is detected, the positioning precision is gradually improved through pulse width tuning of light pulses, the precise position of vibration is inquired in a positioning resolution interval (in a defense area) in the previous detection, and finally the rapid and precise positioning of the vibration is realized.
The invention realizes accurate positioning query by dynamic tuning based on positioning resolution, and solves the problem of mutual limitation between long distance and positioning accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection of a phase sensitive OTDR based vibratory positioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for vibration location based on phase sensitive OTDR in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of dynamic tuning of positioning resolution of a vibration positioning method based on phase-sensitive OTDR according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
As shown in fig. 1, the vibration positioning system based on phase-sensitive OTDR in the embodiment of the present invention includes a laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an optical amplifier, an optical fiber circulator and a sensing optical fiber, which are sequentially connected by light, wherein the optical fiber circulator is connected to an optical detector, the optical detector is connected to a signal processor (signal processing for short) through a circuit, the signal processor is connected to the acousto-optic modulator through a circuit, and the signal processor outputs a positioning result of vibration.
Wherein the laser is preferably narrow linewidth laser, the narrow linewidth laser is a laser outputting narrow linewidth wavelength, and the central wavelength is selected as lambda0＝1550nm。
The laser light output by the narrow-linewidth laser is modulated into a rectangular light pulse with a certain pulse width tau by an acousto-optic modulator, and the pulse shape modulated by the acousto-optic modulator is not limited to the rectangular light pulse, and can be a common pulse shape such as a square wave light pulse, a triangular light pulse or a trapezoidal light pulse.
After being amplified by the optical amplifier, the optical pulse enters the optical fiber circulator from the port 2, enters the sensing optical fiber through the port 1, and is output through the port 3 to be received by the photoelectric detector.
The photoelectric detector detects the interference light intensity of the backward Rayleigh scattered light wave output by the port 3 of the optical fiber circulator and converts the interference light intensity into an electric signal so as to be processed by the signal processor.
And the signal processor processes the interference light intensity signal of the back Rayleigh scattering light to obtain an accurate positioning result of the vibration.
Specifically, the precise positioning of the vibration is rapidly obtained through n times of detection, the nth time of detection, the spatial detection range is a spatial resolution of the previous detection, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, and the processing flow is as follows:
(1) initial probing (1 st probing): the initial resolution Delta L corresponding to low positioning precision is adopted during starting1Detecting vibration, determining the position of vibration after detecting vibration1Within individual resolution intervals (defense zones);
(2) detection for the 2 nd time: tuning to reduce positioning resolution to Δ L2，ΔL2<ΔL1And Δ L1Is DeltaL2Is an integral multiple of (x), the detection range is also reduced to the defense range of the previous 1 (xth)1A Δ L1A range);
cycling the above tuning process;
……
(n) nth probing: tuning to reduce positioning resolution to Δ Ln，ΔLn<ΔLn-1The detection range is also reduced to the defense range of the (n-1) th time (the x-th time)nA Δ Ln-1Range), the final output positioning resolution is Δ LnAnd n is a positive integer.
The positioning resolution Δ L for the vibration is determined by the pulse width τ of the optical pulse:
ΔL＝cτ/2neff
wherein c and neffThe speed of light in vacuum and the effective index of the fundamental mode of the fiber core, respectively.
The localization of the vibrations results in a range of resolutions al.
Corresponding to the vibration positioning system based on the phase-sensitive OTDR of the embodiment of the invention, the vibration positioning method based on the phase-sensitive OTDR of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
modulating laser light into 1 st light pulse, 1 st lightInputting pulse into sensing fiber to generate 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light, collecting 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal, and determining 1 st positioning resolution DeltaL according to the 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal1Determining the location of vibration after detecting vibration to be in the 1 st defense zone, i.e. the x-th1Individual resolution intervals (defence areas); wherein the 1 st positioning resolution DeltaL1Determining according to the pulse width of the 1 st light pulse;
tuning the pulse width of the (n-1) th light pulse to obtain an nth light pulse, inputting the nth light pulse into the sensing optical fiber to generate nth back Rayleigh scattered light, collecting an nth back Rayleigh scattered light interference light intensity signal, and positioning according to the nth back Rayleigh scattered light interference light intensity signal and the nth positioning resolution DeltaLnDetermining the position of the vibration to be in the nth defense area after the vibration is detected; wherein the nth positioning resolution DeltaLnDetermined from the pulse width of the n-th light pulse,. DELTA.Ln＜ΔLn-1And Δ Ln-1Is DeltaLnInteger multiples of; the nth detection range is the range of the (n-1) th defense area;
and n sequentially taking positive integers from 1, and circulating the tuning steps until the vibration positioning reaches the preset precision and the position of the vibration is output.
Wherein the nth positioning resolution DeltaLnAccording to the pulse width tau of the n-th light pulseiDetermining:
ΔLn＝cτn/2neff
wherein c and neffThe speed of light in vacuum and the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the core of the sensing fiber.
As shown in fig. 3, the process of dynamic tuning of the positioning resolution is exemplified by the number of detections n-4.
In that
In the starting stage, low positioning precision, namely higher positioning resolution is adopted, after vibration is detected, the positioning precision is gradually improved (namely the positioning resolution is reduced) through pulse width tuning, and inquiry is carried out in a positioning resolution interval (in a defense area) in the previous detectionAnd the vibration is positioned accurately, so that the vibration is positioned quickly and accurately.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A vibration positioning method based on phase sensitive OTDR is characterized by comprising the following steps:
modulating laser into 1 st light pulse, inputting the 1 st light pulse into a sensing optical fiber to generate 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light, collecting 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal, and positioning according to the 1 st backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal and the 1 st positioning resolution DeltaL1Determining the position of the vibration to be in a 1 st defense area after the vibration is detected; wherein the 1 st positioning resolution DeltaL1Determining according to the pulse width of the 1 st light pulse;
tuning the pulse width of the ith light pulse to obtain an i +1 th light pulse, inputting the i +1 th light pulse into the sensing optical fiber to generate i +1 th backward Rayleigh scattering light, collecting an i +1 th backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal, and positioning the resolution delta L according to the i +1 th backward Rayleigh scattering light interference light intensity signal and the i +1 th positioning resolutioni+1Determining the position of the vibration to be in the (i + 1) th defense area after the vibration is detected; wherein, the i +1 th positioning resolution DeltaLi+1Determined by the pulse width of the i +1 th light pulse,. DELTA.Li+1＜ΔLiAnd Δ LiIs DeltaLi+1Integer multiples of; the detection range of the (i + 1) th time is the range of the ith defense area;
and i, sequentially taking positive integers from 1, circulating the tuning steps until the vibration positioning reaches the preset precision, and outputting the position of the vibration.
2. A method for vibration positioning based on phase sensitive OTDR according to claim 1, characterized in that, said ith positioning resolution Δ L isiAccording to the pulse width tau of the ith light pulseiDetermining:
ΔLi＝cτi/2neff
wherein c and neffThe speed of light in vacuum and the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the core of the sensing fiber.
3. A method for vibration localization based on phase sensitive OTDR according to claim 1, characterized in that all optical pulses are rectangular optical pulses, square optical pulses, triangular optical pulses or trapezoidal optical pulses.
4. A vibration localization system based on phase-sensitive OTDR, applying the vibration localization method according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that said vibration localization system comprises a laser, an acousto-optic modulator, an optical amplifier, an optical fiber circulator and a sensing optical fiber connected in sequence, the optical fiber circulator is connected with a photodetector, the photodetector is connected with a signal processor, and the signal processor is connected with the acousto-optic modulator.
5. A phase sensitive OTDR-based vibration positioning system according to claim 4, in which the lasers are narrow linewidth lasers.
6. A phase sensitive OTDR-based vibration positioning system according to claim 5, in which the narrow linewidth laser has a center wavelength of 1550 nm.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111623866A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-09-04 | 山西大学 | Device and method for measuring vibration mode of nano optical fiber |
| CN112883521A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 中国科学院声学研究所南海研究站 | Seabed photoelectric composite cable external force invasion monitoring system applied to seabed observation network |
| WO2021232196A1 (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-25 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Optical fiber sensor and method for position detection using optical fiber sensor |
| CN115540919A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-30 | 富宁县公安局 | phi-OTDR device based on positioning resolution dynamic tuning |
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| CN115540919A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-30 | 富宁县公安局 | phi-OTDR device based on positioning resolution dynamic tuning |
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