CN107014409B - A kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method - Google Patents
A kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing methods, the multipoint disturbance method for sensing is the following steps are included: calculate the frequency displacement of local Rayleigh scattering light frequency domain information in optical fiber, when disturbance event occurs, it may appear that the continuous frequency displacement of multi-point partial Rayleigh scattering light frequency-region signal；By positioning and judging continuous frequency displacement point initial position, first disturbance location positioning and identification are realized；When two o'clock disturbance event simultaneously occurs, recess trough is generated since second point disturbance location will cause the position power on the signal of fiber distance domain, recess trough after searching average value processing in back rayleigh scattering distance domain signal, the position of the recess trough is second point disturbance location.The problems such as present invention overcomes in the existing optical fiber disturbance sensing based on probe beam deflation, and multipoint disturbance position cannot be distinguished, and transducing signal noise is larger and spatial resolution is not high, has distinguished multipoint disturbance, noise reduction and has improved its spatial resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributing optical fiber sensing Instrument technology field more particularly to a kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fibers
Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method.
Background technique
The distributed destabilization sensing of long range is widely used in the multiple fields such as the people's livelihood, national defense safety, as submarine optical fiber cable,
The security monitoring of the keypoint parts such as petroleum pipeline, perimeter security utilizes single mode optical fiber Rayleigh scattering light spectral shift in probe beam deflation
Move distributed disturbance (vibration) sensing, it can be achieved that high-precision, high spatial resolution and long range.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method, the present invention overcomes
It is existing based on probe beam deflation optical fiber disturbance sensing in, to multipoint disturbance position cannot be distinguished, transducing signal noise it is larger with
And spatial resolution it is not high the problems such as, as far as possible for disturbance the substantial influence caused by transducing signal propose measurement multipoint disturbance
New Algorithm, and then distinguish multipoint disturbance, noise reduction and improve its spatial resolution, it is described below:
A kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method, the multipoint disturbance method for sensing packet
Include following steps:
The frequency displacement for calculating local Rayleigh scattering light frequency domain information in optical fiber, when disturbance event occurs, it may appear that multiple spot office
The continuous frequency displacement of portion's Rayleigh scattering light frequency-region signal；
By positioning and judging continuous frequency displacement point initial position, first disturbance location positioning and identification are realized；
When two o'clock disturbance event simultaneously occurs, since second point disturbance location will cause the position on the signal of fiber distance domain
It sets power and generates recess trough, the recess trough after searching average value processing in back rayleigh scattering distance domain signal, the recess wave
The position of paddy is second point disturbance location.
Wherein, described by positioning and judge continuous frequency displacement point initial position, realizing first disturbance location positioning and knowing
Other step specifically:
Frequency displacement point is as doubtful disturbance point, and doubtful disturbance point is if true disturbing signal, in the latter of the doubtful disturbance point
Section is that amplitude generates consecutive variations apart from performance characteristic, realizes first disturbance location positioning and identification with this.
Wherein, the average value processing specifically:
Successively data in window are averaged in distance domain using certain amount as window using signal Mean Method noise reduction.
Wherein, strain sensing device used in the multipoint disturbance method for sensing, comprising:
Tunable laser, 1:99 beam splitter, computer, GPIB control module, Additional interference instrument and main interference
Instrument.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme provided by the present invention is that: this method is the closeness relation according to disturbance and strain ---
Disturbance location certainly exists more disturbance, is answered based on the mobile distribution that carries out of single mode optical fiber Rayleigh Scattering Spectra in probe beam deflation
Become measurement, initial disturbance position is determined according to strain location.Using there are frequency displacement points as doubtful disturbance point, since disturbance causes to disturb
Frequency shift signal is among constantly variation after dynamic point, therefore characterized by the amplitude variation of a distance signal after the point.
Since multipoint disturbance can not be distinguished by strain information, postponed obtaining initial disturbance point by the above method,
Disturbance is put after distinguishing in another way.Since rear point disturbance causes the position on the signal of fiber distance domain to generate recess, therefore with this
It is characterized differentiation multipoint disturbance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the sensing acquisition massaging device disturbed with hundred kilometers length of probe beam deflation systematic survey；
Fig. 3 a is the schematic diagram of strain information suffered by optical fiber；
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of non-disturbing signal；
Fig. 3 c is the schematic diagram of disturbing signal；
Fig. 3 d is the schematic diagram of initial disturbance point position；
Fig. 3 e is the schematic diagram of distance domain signal；
Fig. 3 f is the schematic diagram for having disturbance and undisturbed signal after local mean value method noise reduction；
Fig. 3 g is the schematic diagram of the second disturbance point position.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows:
1: tunable laser；2:1:99 beam splitter；
3:50:50 beam splitter；4: Polarization Controller；
5: circulator；6:50:50 coupler；
7: the first polarization beam apparatus；8: the second polarization beam apparatus；
9: the first balanced detectors；10: the second balanced detectors；
11: acquisition device；12: the first disturbing sources；
13: the second disturbing sources；14: computer；
15: reference arm；16: measurement arm；
17: main interferometer；18: Additional interference instrument；
19:GPIB controller；20: sensor fibre.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further
Ground detailed description.
This method be due to disturb with strain homosexuality --- disturbance location certainly exists more strain variation, therefore can
Initial point disturbance location is judged according to strain information suffered by the optical fiber of Fibre Optical Sensor acquisition.It is disturbed so that there are frequency displacement points as doubtful
Dynamic point is believed since disturbance causes frequency shift signal after disturbance point to be among constantly variation with a distance after the point
Number amplitude variation be characterized.Since multipoint disturbance can not be distinguished by strain information, taken by the above method
It obtains initial disturbance point to postpone, puts disturbance after distinguishing in another way.Since rear point disturbance causes to be somebody's turn to do on the signal of fiber distance domain
Position generates recess, therefore as feature differentiation multipoint disturbance.
Assuming that a certain position in testing fiber is there are a disturbance event, vibration can cause to test light field in test arm
The phase change of E and the variation that reflectivity R is lost.Phase change caused by vibrating can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, fmIt is vibration frequency, δ is the modulation amplitude of phase.And reflectivity is lost and decays because of vibration, cause away from
The decline of delocalization signal amplitude.What the embodiment of the present invention was proposed measures the new of multipoint disturbance for hundred kilometers of distributed fiber-optic sensors
Type algorithm carries out disturbance location detection using above-mentioned principle features.
Vacation lets N be the data points of local Rayleigh scattering, and value is equal to the width of Moving Window, and Δ x is the sky of time of vibration
Between resolution ratio or positioning accuracy, Δ x can indicate:
Δ x=N Δ z
Wherein, Δ z is the spatial resolution of each data point, and what is proposed through the embodiment of the present invention is directed to hundred kilometers of optical fiber
The New Algorithm of distributed sensing measurement multipoint disturbance can effectively reduce the width of Moving Window, and window is counted by 800 points
It is down at 400 points, spatial resolution is promoted to 13.3 meters by 26.7 meters.
The disturbance of influence for to(for) distance domain signal is analyzed, and disturbance causes respective distances domain signal to generate recess,
" V " shape, reason be backwards to rayleigh scattering to be generated frequency bandspread and cause disturbance respective frequencies signal amplitude by disturbing influence
Decline, close frequencies signal amplitude rise, and the embodiment of the present invention judges multipoint disturbance in this approach.
Embodiment 1
A kind of probe beam deflation, for the New Algorithm of hundred kilometers of distributed fiber-optic sensor measurement multipoint disturbances, referring to Fig. 1
And Fig. 2, the New Algorithm the following steps are included:
101: beat frequency interference signal being formed by optical fiber back rayleigh scattering in the main interferometer of probe beam deflation instrument, and right
Beat frequency interference signal carries out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) respectively, and optical frequency domain information is transformed into each position in corresponding sensor fibre
Apart from domain information, domain information of adjusting the distance is formed Rayleigh scattering by each position that the Moving Window of one fixed width successively chooses optical fiber
Locally apart from domain information；
102: the signal twice that former and later two moment are acquired is chosen as reference signal and measuring signal using Moving Window
The local of sensor fibre Rayleigh scattering utilizes complex Fourier inverse transformation apart from domain information, by it, and reconvert is obtained to optical frequency domain
The local optical frequency domain information of reference signal and measuring signal；
103: carrying out cross-correlation peak frequency using local optical frequency domain information of the computing cross-correlation to reference signal and measuring signal
Move estimation；
104: using there are frequency displacement points as doubtful disturbance point, with the cross-correlation of a distance signal after the doubtful disturbance point
The frequency displacement whether peak occurs more than certain threshold value, which is characterized, to be judged, if so, step 105 is executed, if not, executing step
106；
105: doubtful disturbance point is true disturbing signal, i.e., a distance performance characteristic is still after the doubtful disturbance point
There are the frequency displacements of cross-correlation peak, judge initial disturbance point position with this feature, execute step 107；
106: being non-disturbing signal, cross-correlation peak frequency displacement a distance table after the doubtful disturbance point in doubtful disturbance point
Existing feature is isolated peak, and the frequency displacement of cross-correlation peak is not present, and process terminates；
107: being averaged by local signal and the trough that is recessed may recognize that the second disturbance point position.
Wherein, since the frequency shift features of local optical frequency domain Rayleigh scattering information can only identify some disturbance (i.e. initial disturbance
Point position), the influence for disturbance for distance domain signal is analyzed, and disturbance causes respective distances domain signal to generate recess,
" V " shape, reason be backwards to rayleigh scattering to be generated frequency bandspread and cause disturbance respective frequencies signal amplitude by disturbing influence
Decline, close frequencies signal amplitude rise.Second disturbance point position (i.e. second point disturbance event) can cause Rayleigh scattering distance
Domain information is recessed, and is averaged by local signal and the trough that is recessed may recognize that second point disturbance event.
When specific implementation, using signal Mean Method noise reduction, in distance domain using 400 points as window (corresponding spatial resolution
13.33 meters), successively data in window are averaged, the distance domain signal for being 13.3 meters corresponding to resolution ratio.After finding average value processing
Recess trough in back rayleigh scattering distance domain signal, which is second point disturbance location, with above-mentioned side
Method distinguishes multipoint disturbance.
Wherein, the destabilization sensing device being applied in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2.The destabilization sensing device includes:
Tunable laser 1,1:99 beam splitter 2, computer 14, GPIB control module 19, Additional interference instrument 18, main interferometer 17.
Main interferometer 17 includes: 50:50 beam splitter 3, Polarization Controller 4, circulator 5, the polarization of 50:50 coupler 6, first
Beam splitter 7, the second polarization beam apparatus 8, the first balanced detector 9, the second balanced detector 10, acquisition device 11, reference arm 15
With test arm 16.Main interferometer 17 is the core of probe beam deflation instrument, is modified Mach Zehnder interferometer.
19 input terminal of GPIB control module is connected with computer 14；19 output end of GPIB control module and tunable laser
1 is connected；Tunable laser 1 is connected with the port a of 1:99 beam splitter 3；The port b of 1:99 beam splitter 3 and Additional interference
One end of instrument 4 is connected；The port c of 1:99 beam splitter 2 is connected with the port a of 50:50 beam splitter 3；The end b of 50:50 beam splitter 3
Mouth is connected by reference to arm 15 with the input terminal of Polarization Controller 4；The port c of 50:50 beam splitter 3 passes through test arm 16 and annular
The port a of device 5 is connected；The output end of Polarization Controller 4 is connected with the port a of 50:50 coupler 6；The port b of circulator 5 with
The port b of 50:50 coupler 6 is connected；The port c of circulator 5 is connected with sensor fibre 20；The port c of 50:50 coupler 6 with
The input terminal of first polarization beam apparatus 7 is connected；The port d of 50:50 coupler 6 is connected with the input terminal of the second polarization beam apparatus 8；
The output end of first polarization beam apparatus 7 input terminal with the input terminal of the first balanced detector 9, the second balanced detector 10 respectively
It is connected；The output end of second polarization beam apparatus 8 respectively with the input terminal of the first balanced detector 9, second balanced detector 10
Input terminal is connected；The output end of first balanced detector 9 is connected with the input terminal of acquisition device 11；Second balanced detector 10
Output end is connected with the input terminal of acquisition device 11；The output end of acquisition device 11 is connected with computer 14.
Device work when, computer 14 by GPIB control module 19 control tunable laser 1 control tuned speed, in
Long, tuning starting of cardiac wave etc.；The emergent light of tunable laser 1 is entered by the port a of 1:99 beam splitter 2, from 1:99 light point
The port c of beam device 2 enters the port a of 50:50 beam splitter 3；Enter by 50:50 beam splitter 3 from the port b inclined in reference arm 15
Shake controller 4, and the port a of the circulator 5 in test arm 16 is entered from the port c；Light from the port a of circulator 5 enter, from go in ring
The port c of device 5 enters sensor fibre 20, and the back-scattering light of thin fiber enters from the 5 port port c of circulator, from going in ring
The output of the 5 port port b of device；The reference light that Polarization Controller 4 in reference arm 15 exports passes through the end a of the 2nd 50:50 coupler 6
Mouthful beam is closed into shape by the port b of 50:50 coupler 6 with the back-scattering light on circulator 5, formation beat frequency interference and from 50:
The port c and the port d of 50 couplers 6 are exported to the first polarization beam apparatus 7 and the first polarization beam apparatus 8, the first polarization beam apparatus 7
Pass through the first balanced detector 9 and the second balanced detector 10 two polarization beam apparatus of corresponding acquisition with the first polarization beam apparatus 8
The signal light of the orthogonal direction of output, the first balanced detector 9 and the second balanced detector 10 pass the analog electrical signal of output
Acquisition device 11 is transported to, collected analog electrical signal is transmitted to computer 14 by acquisition device 14.
GPIB control module 19 controls tunable laser 1 by it for computer 14.
Tunable laser 1 is used to provide light source for probe beam deflation system, and optical frequency is able to carry out linear scan.
The effect of Polarization Controller 12 is adjusted with reference to polarization state, its light intensity on two orthogonal directions in polarization beam splitting is made
It is almost the same.
The complete pair signals of 50:50 coupler 6 carry out polarization beam splitting, eliminate the influence of polarization decay noise.
Computer 14: data processing is carried out to the interference signal that acquisition device 11 acquires, realizes and is based on fiber Rayleigh scattering
The distributed strain of spectroscopic studying amount senses.
The embodiment of the present invention to the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices with no restrictions,
As long as the device of above-mentioned function can be completed.
In conclusion the embodiment of the present invention necessarily causes the direct relation and disturbance range of strain variation using disturbance
Property signal the characteristics of, as distinguish range of disturbance and static range evaluation criterion.Adjust the distance what domain signal generated using disturbance
The evaluation criterion that loss feature is distinguished as its multipoint disturbance position.
Embodiment 2
The scheme in embodiment 1 is further introduced below with reference to specific attached drawing 3a-3g, it is as detailed below to retouch
It states:
It is as follows that institute of embodiment of the present invention application method corresponds to case.
The local optical frequency domain information of reference signal and measuring signal, using computing cross-correlation to reference signal and measuring signal
Local optical frequency domain information carry out frequency displacement estimation, there are frequency displacement position i.e. there are strain locations, i.e. strain information suffered by optical fiber, such as
Shown in Fig. 3 a.
Using there are frequency displacement points as doubtful disturbance point, since disturbance causes frequency shift signal after disturbance point to be in constantly variation
Among, therefore characterized by the frequency displacement amplitude variation of a distance signal after the point, non-disturbing signal in doubtful disturbance point,
A distance performance characteristic is isolated peak after the point, is risen and fallen there is no continuous, as shown in Figure 3b；It is really disturbed in doubtful disturbance point
Dynamic signal, a distance performance characteristic is that frequency displacement amplitude generates consecutive variations after this point, as shown in Figure 3c.For really disturbing
Dynamic signal generates the position that frequency displacement occurs for first point in consecutive variations in frequency displacement amplitude, as first disturbance point position, such as
Shown in Fig. 3 d, wherein frequency displacement is normalized, compared with being easy to judge with initial disturbance.
Since multipoint disturbance can not be distinguished by strain information, initial disturbance point is being obtained by the above method
Behind position, disturbance is put after distinguishing in another way.It is analyzed for influence of the disturbance for distance domain signal, disturbance causes pair
Answer distance domain signal to generate recess, " V " shape, reason be backwards to rayleigh scattering to be generated frequency bandspread and made by disturbing influence
At disturbance respective frequencies signal amplitude decline, close frequencies signal amplitude rises.Since rear point disturbance causes fiber distance domain to believe
The position generates larger recess on number, as shown in Figure 3 e, therefore as feature as second point perturbation features.
Firstly, with local mean value method noise reduction, in distance domain using 400 points as window (corresponding 13.33 meters of spatial resolution).According to
Distance domain signal that is secondary that data in window are averaged, being 13.3 meters corresponding to resolution ratio, as illustrated in figure 3f.
To reduce signal noise and being consistent with the resolution ratio of initial disturbance position method therefor is judged, therefore in distance domain
Using 400 points as window (corresponding 13.33 meters of spatial resolution).Successively data in window are averaged, corresponding to resolution ratio is 13.3 meters
Distance domain signal, using the minimum point of " V " type feature as second point disturb position location be able to differentiation two as shown in figure 3g
Point position disturbance, and then in this approach to distinguish multiple spot position disturbance.
The embodiment of the present invention to the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices with no restrictions,
As long as the device of above-mentioned function can be completed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that attached drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention
Serial number is for illustration only, does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method, which is characterized in that the multipoint disturbance
Method for sensing the following steps are included:
The frequency displacement for calculating local Rayleigh scattering light frequency domain information in optical fiber, when disturbance event occurs, it may appear that multi-point partial is auspicious
The benefit scattering continuous frequency displacement of light frequency-region signal；
By positioning and judging continuous frequency displacement point initial position, first disturbance location positioning and identification are realized；
When two o'clock disturbance event simultaneously occurs, since second point disturbance location will cause the position function on the signal of fiber distance domain
Rate generates recess trough, finds the recess trough after average value processing in back rayleigh scattering distance domain signal, the recess trough
Position is second point disturbance location；
It is described by positioning and judge continuous frequency displacement point initial position, the step of realizing first disturbance location positioning and identification tool
Body are as follows:
Frequency displacement point as doubtful disturbance point, doubtful disturbance point if true disturbing signal, latter section of the doubtful disturbance point away from
It is that amplitude generates consecutive variations from performance characteristic, first disturbance location positioning and identification is realized with this；
The average value processing specifically:
Successively data in window are averaged in distance domain using certain amount as window using signal Mean Method noise reduction；
The method effectively reduces the width of Moving Window, and window points are down at 400 points by 800 points, spatial resolution by
26.7 meters are promoted to 13.3 meters.
2. a kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method according to claim 1, special
Sign is, destabilization sensing device used in the multipoint disturbance method for sensing, comprising:
Tunable laser, 1:99 beam splitter, computer, GPIB control module, Additional interference instrument and main interferometer.
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| CN110749419B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-04-13 | 芯华创(武汉)光电科技有限公司 | OFDR detection method |
| CN111030752A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | OXC optical fiber ID recognition device and method based on OFDR |
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