CN111025145B - Test topology and method for comprehensive power system of multifunctional ship alternating-current power station - Google Patents
Test topology and method for comprehensive power system of multifunctional ship alternating-current power station Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/02—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive power system test topology of a multifunctional ship alternating-current power station, which comprises laboratory test accompanying equipment such as an alternating-current power supply, an alternating-current distribution board, an elastic coupling, a four-quadrant simulation load, an alternating-current load, a low-voltage alternating-current load and the like, and tested system equipment such as a medium-voltage power supply subsystem, an electric propulsion subsystem, a power transformation subsystem, a low-voltage power supply subsystem and the like; also discloses an experimental method thereof; the testing requirements of different levels of tested systems such as a medium-voltage power supply subsystem, an electric propulsion subsystem, a power transformation subsystem, a low-voltage power supply subsystem and a comprehensive electric propulsion system overall system are realized by adopting the opening and closing combination of different switches in an alternating current distribution panel of a laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ship comprehensive electric propulsion system tests, and particularly relates to a multifunctional ship alternating-current power station comprehensive electric power system test topology and an experimental method thereof.
Background
The ship propulsion mode comprises mechanical propulsion and comprehensive electric propulsion. The mechanical propulsion is a propulsion mode that prime movers such as a gas engine, a diesel engine and the like directly push a propeller through a gear box and a shaft system. The comprehensive electric propulsion is a propulsion mode which combines a traditional mutually independent mechanical propulsion system and an electric power system into a whole in the form of electric energy and comprehensively utilizes a ship power station to provide propulsion power, auxiliary machines and daily electric power for the whole ship. Compared with the traditional mechanical propulsion mode, the comprehensive electric propulsion mode mainly has the advantages of flexible layout, more effective utilization space, flexible operation, good maneuvering performance, low whole life cost, less maintenance workload, easy acquisition of ideal dragging characteristics, low vibration noise, more comfortable environment and the like, and is one of the mainstream trends of ship power development.
The ac power supply integrated electric propulsion system is one of the important development directions of the ship integrated electric propulsion system, and is more and more widely applied to ships. At present, in a conventional ship comprehensive electric propulsion system test, a hydraulic dynamometer is generally adopted as a propulsion motor load test scheme, the test scheme is a typical energy consumption type test scheme, and the defects that the output energy of an electric propulsion subsystem cannot be fed back, the load characteristic of a ship propeller is difficult to simulate truly, the dynamic performance index of the comprehensive electric propulsion system cannot be checked fully and the like exist.
In some special application occasions, although the feedback utilization of the output energy of the electric propulsion system is realized by adopting the energy-recovery load based on the speed rise of the gear box as the propulsion motor load, the defects of large vibration influence of the load on the tested propulsion motor, single function of a test scheme, incapability of meeting the test requirements of different levels and the like still exist, and the use requirements of users are difficult to be comprehensively met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test topology of a comprehensive electric power system of a multifunctional ship alternating-current power station, aiming at overcoming the defects that the test scheme of the conventional ship comprehensive electric power propulsion system has single function, can not adapt to different levels of test requirements, the output energy of an electric propulsion subsystem can not realize feedback, the load has large influence on the vibration of a tested propulsion motor, the load characteristic of a ship propeller can not be simulated really, the dynamic performance index of the comprehensive electric power propulsion system can not be checked fully and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a test topology of a comprehensive power system of a multifunctional ship alternating-current power station comprises laboratory accompanying test equipment and tested system equipment; the test accompanying equipment comprises a test station alternating current power supply, a test room alternating current distribution board, an elastic coupling, a four-quadrant simulation load, an alternating current load and a low-voltage alternating current load; the tested system equipment comprises a medium-voltage power supply subsystem, an electric propulsion subsystem, a power transformation subsystem and a low-voltage power supply subsystem; the alternating current distribution board is divided into three sections through a switch Q6 and a switch Q7, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem, the electric propulsion subsystem and the power transformation subsystem are respectively connected with the first section through a switch Q2, a switch Q4 and a switch Q3, the alternating current power supply and the four-quadrant analog load are respectively connected with the second section through a switch Q1 and a switch Q5, and the alternating current load is connected with the third section through a switch Q8 and a switch Q9; the four-quadrant analog load consists of an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor, a frequency converter and a control device thereof; a propulsion motor and an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor in the tested electric propulsion subsystem are directly and mechanically coupled and connected through an elastic coupling; the low-voltage power supply subsystem is respectively connected with the power transformation subsystem and the low-voltage alternating current load through a low-voltage distribution board.
The invention also discloses an experimental method for testing the topological structure.
The electric propulsion subsystem test adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load: switches Q1, Q4, Q5 and Q6 are closed, other switches are opened, namely, an alternating current power supply supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem through an alternating current distribution board, a propulsion motor in the tested electric propulsion subsystem drives an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor in the four-quadrant analog load through an elastic coupling to be rectified by a frequency converter and a control device thereof at high frequency, and energy feedback is realized.
When the alternating current power supply does not allow energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem test adopts an energy consumption test scheme based on an alternating current load: switches Q2, Q6, Q7, Q8 and Q9 are closed, and the other switches are opened, namely, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem supplies power to an alternating-current load through an alternating-current distribution board, so that energy consumption is realized.
When the alternating current power supply allows energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem test adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant analog load: switches Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 are closed, other switches are opened, namely, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem through an alternating current distribution board, the propulsion motor drives an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor in the four-quadrant analog load through an elastic coupling, and energy feedback is realized through high-frequency rectification and active inversion of a frequency converter and a control device thereof.
The power transformation subsystem and the low-voltage power supply subsystem adopt an energy consumption test scheme based on a low-voltage alternating current load: switches Q1, Q3 and Q6 are closed, and other switches are opened, namely, an alternating current power supply supplies power to a low-voltage alternating current load through an alternating current distribution board, a power transformation subsystem and a low-voltage power supply subsystem, so that energy consumption is realized.
When the alternating current power supply does not allow energy feedback, the comprehensive electric propulsion system full-system test adopts a full-energy consumption test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load, an alternating current load and a low-voltage alternating current load: switches Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q7, Q8 and Q9 are closed, and other switches are opened, namely, a medium-voltage power supply subsystem supplies power to an electric propulsion subsystem through an alternating current distribution board, a propulsion motor drives an alternating current variable-frequency speed regulating motor through an elastic coupling to supply power to an alternating current load through a frequency converter and a control device thereof by high-frequency rectification, so that the energy consumption of the main part is realized; and on the other hand, the power supply system supplies power to the power transformation subsystem and the low-voltage power supply subsystem and supplies power to a low-voltage alternating-current load through a low-voltage distribution board, so that the energy consumption of a secondary part is realized.
When the alternating current power supply allows energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem test adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant analog load: switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 are closed, and other switches are opened, namely, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem through an alternating current distribution board, and the propulsion motor drives an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor through an elastic coupling to realize high-frequency rectification and active inversion of a frequency converter and a control device thereof, so that main energy feedback is realized; and on the other hand, the power supply system supplies power to the power transformation subsystem and the low-voltage power supply subsystem and supplies power to a low-voltage alternating-current load through a low-voltage distribution board, so that the energy consumption of a secondary part is realized.
The invention has the technical effects that: the invention realizes the real simulation of the ship propeller load characteristic and the full examination of the dynamic performance index of the comprehensive electric propulsion system by adopting the four-quadrant load; the feedback of the output energy of the electric propulsion system in the test system and the feedback of the output energy to the power supply side of the test room are realized by adopting a four-quadrant load; the influence of the load on the vibration of a tested propulsion motor is reduced to the maximum extent by adopting a mode that the propulsion motor is directly and mechanically coupled with an alternating-current variable-frequency speed regulation motor in a four-quadrant simulation load through an elastic coupling; the switching-on and switching-off combination of different switches in the alternating current distribution board of the laboratory is adopted to realize the test requirements of different levels of the tested system.
Compared with the conventional ship comprehensive electric propulsion system test scheme, the ship comprehensive electric propulsion system test scheme has the advantages of multiple functions, adaptability to different levels of test requirements, output energy feedback and energy conservation of the electric propulsion subsystems, small influence of load on vibration of a tested propulsion motor, capability of truly simulating the load characteristic of a ship propeller, capability of fully checking dynamic performance indexes of the comprehensive electric propulsion system and the like, and is particularly suitable for high-requirement ship alternating-current power supply comprehensive electric propulsion systems and subsystem joint debugging tests.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
The figures are numbered: the system comprises an alternating current power supply 1, an alternating current distribution board 2, an elastic coupling 3, a four-quadrant analog load 4, an alternating current load 5, a low-voltage alternating current load 6, a medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7, an electric propulsion subsystem 8, a power transformation subsystem 9, a low-voltage power supply subsystem 10, a propulsion motor 11, an alternating current variable-frequency adjustable-speed motor 12, a frequency converter and a control device thereof 13, and a low-voltage distribution board 14.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship ac power station provided by the present invention includes a laboratory test assistant device such as an ac power supply 1, an ac distribution board 2, an elastic coupling 3, a four-quadrant analog load 4, an ac load 5, and a low-voltage ac load 6, and a tested ship ac power supply comprehensive power propulsion system device such as a medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7, a power propulsion subsystem 8, a power transformation subsystem 9, and a low-voltage power supply subsystem 10. The alternating current distribution board 2 is divided into three sections through a switch Q6 and a switch Q7, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7, the electric propulsion subsystem 8 and the power transformation subsystem 9 are respectively connected with the first section through a switch Q2, a switch Q4 and a switch Q3, the alternating current power supply 1 and the four-quadrant analog load 4 are respectively connected with the second section through a switch Q1 and a switch Q5, and two groups of alternating current loads 5 are respectively connected with the third section through a switch Q8 and a switch Q9.
The test topological structure realizes the test requirements of different levels of tested systems such as a medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7, an electric propulsion subsystem 8, a power transformation subsystem 9, a low-voltage power supply subsystem 10, a comprehensive electric propulsion system overall system and the like by adopting the opening and closing combination of different switches in a laboratory alternating current distribution board 2.
The four-quadrant simulation load 4 adopts a scheme that an alternating-current variable-frequency speed regulating motor 12, a frequency converter and a control device 13 thereof are adopted, and the four-quadrant load characteristic of the ship propeller is realized through variable-frequency speed regulating control simulation so as to realize real simulation of the load characteristic of the ship propeller.
The alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor 12 in the four-quadrant simulation load 4 and the propulsion motor 11 in the tested electric propulsion subsystem 8 are directly and mechanically coupled and connected through the elastic coupling 3, and the influence of the load on the vibration of the tested propulsion motor 11 is reduced to the maximum extent. The electric propulsion subsystem 8 adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load 4, namely an alternating current power supply 1 supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem 8 through an alternating current distribution board 2, and a low-voltage power supply subsystem 10 consists of an auxiliary generator set and a low-voltage distribution board 14 and is respectively connected with a power transformation subsystem 9 and two groups of low-voltage alternating current loads 6 through the low-voltage distribution board 14. The medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7 is composed of a medium-voltage distribution board and two generator sets.
The electric propulsion subsystem 8 test adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant analog load 4, namely, an alternating current power supply 1 supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem 8 through an alternating current distribution board 2, a propulsion motor 11 in the tested electric propulsion subsystem 8 drives an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor 12 in the four-quadrant analog load 4 through an elastic coupling 3, high-frequency rectification is performed through a frequency converter and a control device 13 thereof, energy feedback is realized, at the moment, a switch Q1, a switch Q4, a switch Q5 and a switch Q6 in the alternating current distribution board 2 are closed, and other switches are separated.
When the alternating current power supply 1 does not allow energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7 adopts an energy consumption test scheme based on the alternating current load 5, namely the medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7 supplies power to the alternating current load 5 through the alternating current distribution board 2 to realize energy consumption, at the moment, a switch Q2, a switch Q6, a switch Q7, a switch Q8 and a switch Q9 in the alternating current distribution board 2 are closed, and other switches are separated.
When the alternating current power supply 1 allows energy feedback, an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load 4 is adopted; the medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7 supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem 8 through the alternating current distribution board 2, the propulsion motor 11 drives the alternating current variable frequency speed regulation motor 12 in the four-quadrant analog load 4 through the elastic coupling 3, high-frequency rectification and active inversion are carried out through the frequency converter and the control device 13 of the frequency converter, energy feedback is achieved, at the moment, the switch Q1, the switch Q2, the switch Q4 and the switch Q5 in the alternating current distribution board 2 are closed, and other switches are separated.
The power transformation subsystem 9 and the low-voltage power supply subsystem 10 adopt an energy consumption test scheme based on a low-voltage alternating current load 6, namely, an alternating current power supply 1 supplies power to the low-voltage alternating current load through an alternating current distribution board 2, the power transformation subsystem 9 and the low-voltage power supply subsystem 10 to realize energy consumption, at the moment, a switch Q1, a switch Q3 and a switch Q6 in the alternating current distribution board 2 are closed, and other switches are separated.
When the alternating current power supply 1 does not allow energy feedback, the comprehensive electric propulsion system full-system test adopts a full-energy consumption test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load 4, an alternating current load 5 and a low-voltage alternating current load 6; the medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7 supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem 8 through the alternating current distribution board 2, the propulsion motor 11 drives the alternating current variable frequency speed regulation motor 12 in the four-quadrant simulation load 4 through the elastic coupling 3, and supplies power to the alternating current load 5 through the high-frequency rectification and the active inversion of the frequency converter and the control device 13 thereof, so that the energy consumption of the main part is realized, and the full examination of the dynamic performance index of the comprehensive electric propulsion system is realized; on the other hand, the power transformation subsystem 9 and the low-voltage power supply subsystem 10 are supplied with power, and the low-voltage alternating-current load 6 is supplied with power through the low-voltage distribution board 14 of the low-voltage power supply subsystem 10, so that the energy consumption of the secondary part is realized, and at the moment, except for the switch Q1 and the switch Q6 in the alternating-current distribution board 2, other switches are closed.
When the alternating current power supply 1 allows energy feedback, a main energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant analog load 4 is adopted, namely a medium-voltage power supply subsystem 7 supplies power to an electric propulsion subsystem 8 through an alternating current distribution board 2, a propulsion motor 11 drives an alternating current variable-frequency speed regulating motor 12 in the four-quadrant analog load 4 through an elastic coupling 3, high-frequency rectification and active inversion are performed through a frequency converter and a control device 13 thereof, main energy feedback is realized, and meanwhile, the dynamic performance index of the comprehensive electric propulsion system is well fully examined; on the other hand, the power transformation subsystem 9 and the low-voltage power supply subsystem 10 are supplied with power, and the low-voltage alternating current load 6 is supplied with power through a low-voltage distribution board 14 of the low-voltage power supply subsystem 10, so that the energy consumption of a secondary part is realized; at this time, the switch Q1, the switch Q2, the switch Q3, the switch Q4, and the switch Q5 in the ac distribution board 2 are closed, and the remaining switches are opened.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional boats and ships alternating current power station synthesizes electric power system test topology which characterized in that: the device comprises an accompanying device and a tested system device; the test accompanying equipment comprises an alternating current power supply (1), an alternating current distribution board (2), an elastic coupling (3), a four-quadrant analog load (4), an alternating current load (5) and a low-voltage alternating current load (6); the tested system equipment comprises a medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7), an electric propulsion subsystem (8), a power transformation subsystem (9) and a low-voltage power supply subsystem (10); the alternating current distribution board (2) is divided into three sections through a switch Q6 and a switch Q7, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7), the electric propulsion subsystem (8) and the power transformation subsystem (9) are respectively connected with the first section through a switch Q2, a switch Q4 and a switch Q3, the alternating current power supply (1) and the four-quadrant analog load (4) are respectively connected with the second section through a switch Q1 and a switch Q5, and the alternating current load (5) is connected with the third section through a switch Q8 and a switch Q9; the four-quadrant analog load (4) consists of an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor (12), a frequency converter and a control device (13) thereof; a propulsion motor (11) and an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor (12) in the electric propulsion subsystem (8) are directly and mechanically coupled through an elastic coupling (3); the low-voltage power supply subsystem (10) is respectively connected with the power transformation subsystem (9) and the low-voltage alternating current load (6) through a low-voltage distribution board (14).
2. An experimental method for the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship AC power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric propulsion subsystem (8) test adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load (4): switches Q1, Q4, Q5 and Q6 are closed, other switches are opened, an alternating current power supply (1) supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem (8) through an alternating current distribution board (2), and a propulsion motor (11) drives an alternating current variable frequency speed regulating motor (12) through an elastic coupling (3) to achieve energy feedback through high-frequency rectification of a frequency converter and a control device (13) of the frequency converter.
3. An experimental method for the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship AC power station in claim 1 is characterized in that when the AC power supply (1) does not allow energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) adopts an energy consumption test scheme based on the AC load (5) for the test: switches Q2, Q6, Q7, Q8 and Q9 are closed, other switches are opened, and the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) supplies power to the alternating-current load (5) through the alternating-current distribution board (2), so that energy consumption is realized.
4. An experimental method for the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship AC power station in claim 1 is characterized in that when the AC power supply (1) allows energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant analog load (4) for the test: switches Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 are closed, other switches are opened, a medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) supplies power to an electric propulsion subsystem (8) through an alternating current distribution board (2), a propulsion motor (11) drives an alternating current variable-frequency speed regulating motor (12) through an elastic coupling (3), and energy feedback is realized through high-frequency rectification and active inversion of a frequency converter and a control device (13) of the frequency converter.
5. An experimental method for the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship AC power station as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the power transformation subsystem (9) and the low-voltage power supply subsystem (10) adopt an energy consumption test scheme based on the low-voltage AC load (6): switches Q1, Q3 and Q6 are closed, other switches are opened, and an alternating current power supply (1) supplies power to a low-voltage alternating current load (6) through an alternating current distribution board (2), a power transformation subsystem (9) and a low-voltage power supply subsystem (10), so that energy consumption is realized.
6. An experimental method for the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship AC power station in claim 1 is characterized in that when the AC power supply (1) does not allow energy feedback, the whole system test adopts a whole energy consumption test scheme based on a four-quadrant simulation load (4), an AC load (5) and a low-voltage AC load (6): switches Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q7, Q8 and Q9 are closed, other switches are opened, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem (8) through the alternating current distribution board (2), the propulsion motor (11) drives the alternating current variable-frequency speed regulating motor (12) through the elastic coupling (3) to supply power to the alternating current load (5) through the high-frequency rectification of the frequency converter and the control device (13) thereof, and the energy consumption of the main part is realized; on the other hand, the power supply system supplies power to the power transformation subsystem (9) and the low-voltage power supply subsystem (10), and supplies power to the low-voltage alternating current load (6) through the low-voltage distribution board (14), so that the energy consumption of a secondary part is realized.
7. An experimental method for the comprehensive power system test topology of the multifunctional ship AC power station in claim 1 is characterized in that when the AC power supply (1) allows energy feedback, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) adopts an energy feedback test scheme based on a four-quadrant analog load (4) for the test: switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 are closed, other switches are opened, the medium-voltage power supply subsystem (7) supplies power to the electric propulsion subsystem (8) through the alternating current distribution board (2), the propulsion motor (11) drives the alternating current variable-frequency speed regulating motor (12) through the elastic coupling (3) and carries out high-frequency rectification and active inversion through the frequency converter and the control device (13) thereof, and main energy feedback is realized; on the other hand, the power supply system supplies power to the power transformation subsystem (9) and the low-voltage power supply subsystem (10), and supplies power to the low-voltage alternating current load (6) through the low-voltage distribution board (14), so that the energy consumption of a secondary part is realized.
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| 基于 MATLAB/Simulink 的舰船电力推进四象限负载模拟系统的仿真研究;刘鹏;《船电技术》;20110315;38-41 * |
| 综合电力系统在舰船上的应用;邓林等;《中国舰船研究》;20070815(第04期);44-46 * |
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