CN104978446A - Integrated design method of integrated power system of ship - Google Patents
Integrated design method of integrated power system of ship Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an integrated design method of an integrated power system of a ship. The integrated power system comprises the following steps: determining the overall performance requirements of the ship; according to the overall performance requirements of the ship, carrying out critical-path analysis on the energy and the load of a whole ship; according to an analysis result of the energy and the load of the whole ship, determining a preliminary scheme of the integrated power system of the ship; according to the preliminary scheme of the integrated power system of the ship, determining the integrated power system of the ship after the general arrangement of equipment is carried out; and carrying out general assessment and performance examination on the integrated power system of the ship after the general arrangement of the equipment is carried out so as to obtain the integrated power system of the ship, wherein the integrated power system of the ship has the advantages of the integrated allocation of whole ship energy and flexibility in equipment arrangement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to boats and ships class power system technology, particularly a kind of ship integrated power system integral design method.
Background technology
Integrated power system, owing to having many advantages, becomes one of focus of boats and ships research both at home and abroad now.Adopt the boats and ships of integrated power system compared with normal shipboard, there is the advantages such as the allotment of full ship energy synthesis, equipment layout be flexible, and create favorable conditions for the application of going on board of high energy special equipment from now on.But domesticly at present there is no very ripe integrated power system application experience, relevant scientific research institutions are only in the verification experimental verification stage of theoretical research and part, lack complete method for designing, cannot meet system-wide designing requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ship integrated power system integral design method, the allotment of full ship energy synthesis, equipment layout ship integrated power system flexibly can be obtained.
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of ship integrated power system integral design method, comprising:
Determine the overall performance requirement of boats and ships;
Overall performance requirement according to boats and ships carries out critical-path analysis to the energy of full ship and load;
According to the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme of the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load;
According to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment;
Net assessment and service check are carried out to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, described boats and ships overall performance requires as the overall performance aspect of suitable dress property, rapidity, maneuverability, stealth, vitality is to the specific requirement of ship integrated power system.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, according to the overall performance requirement of boats and ships, the step that the energy of full ship and load carry out critical-path analysis is comprised:
Advance power demand according to thruster end, consider each equipment of propulsion system and transmission efficiency of shafting, calculate the propelling power demand of power end under the typical speed of a ship or plane;
Apply the normal shipboard calculation of power load method that a pre-set specifications specifies, calculate daily and conventional weapon power demand;
According to high energy special equipment characteristic, specify its power demand, and according to load characteristic, continuous power required under converting out different operating mode;
Continuous power these three required under the propelling power demand of power end under the described typical speed of a ship or plane, daily and conventional weapon power demand and different operating mode is added up, maximum general power required under drawing each operating mode of full ship.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, comprise according to the step of the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme of the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load:
Step one, maximal value is got in maximum general power required from each operating mode of described full ship, reserve the deposit allowance being not less than code requirement, as the design reference value of generator unit total installation of generating capacity, the power station equipment quantity of load distribution situation determination generator unit is wanted according to design specifications, the overall water discharge of ship, vitality requirement and full shipowner, be divided into intermediate voltage generating station and low-pressure electricity station, wherein, the maximum general power that the installed capacity of intermediate voltage generating station is required under meeting each operating mode of full ship, low-pressure electricity station installed capacity is complete maximum general power needed for ship under meeting operating mode of berthing and pull in shore;
Step 2, power transmission and distribution unit comprises medium-voltage distribution plate, low-tension distribution board and section board, wherein, arranges one block of medium-voltage distribution plate at each intermediate voltage generating station, by middle Hair Fixer group of motors, described medium-voltage distribution plate is powered, connected by bonding line between each medium-voltage distribution plate; One piece of low-tension distribution board is set at each low-pressure electricity station, is powered to described low-tension distribution board by transformation device by low voltage generator group or medium-voltage distribution plate, connected by bonding line between each low-tension distribution board; According to region distribution principle, full ship is divided into some regions, and each region arranges one piece of section board, is powered to described section board by low-tension distribution board;
Step 3, in determining according to total demand and technical risk, low pressure end electricity system, wherein, coupling system electricity sets up puts electric transforming unit, namely fades to low tension system by middle piezoelectricity system, and if any specific demand, then low pressure end also needs to fade to the required electricity system of load-side;
Step 4, as adopted alternating current system, then propulsion unit forms by advancing transformer, frequency converter and propulsion electric machine; As adopted direct current system, then propulsion unit is made up of frequency converter and propulsion electric machine, and wherein, described propulsion electric machine capacity is determined by advancing required peak power, and need leave the margin of power of regulation, and described frequency converter, transformer capacity are determined according to propulsion electric machine;
Step 5, daily load cell and normal shipboard similar, by low pressure main distribution board, section board, distribution electric box three grades power supply;
Step 6, according to high energy special equipment and specific loads demand, combination technology risk, chooses suitable energy-storage units;
Step 7, according to the propeller power limitation function design energy administrative unit under the integrated management function of traditional Ship Propeling monitoring function, monitoring power station function, full ship electric energy, special operation condition.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, in step one, according to prime mover characteristic, determine the composition in each power station, wherein, intermediate voltage generating station is primarily of gas-turbine generator set, diesel generator set and middle pressure main distribution board composition, and low-pressure electricity station is made up of auxiliary diesel generater set and low-tension distribution board.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, in step 6, described energy-storage units comprises battery pack, flywheel energy storage, fuel cell, superconducting energy storage, capacitance energy storage and pressure gas or steam energy storage.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, in step according to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment, that carries out integrated power system in conjunction with ship's space layout carries out equipment general arrangement, main main equipment comprises genset, panel, propulsion electric machine, frequency converter and propelling transformer etc., wherein, genset is generally arranged in cabin section, according to overall vitality requirement, each power station is arranged apart, main distribution board is arranged near corresponding power station nearby, propulsion electric machine is arranged near boats and ships afterbody, frequency converter, advance transformer should arrange near described propulsion electric machine.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement is carried out in the step of net assessment and service check, from overall suitable dress property, rapidity, maneuverability, stealth, viability, economy and technical risk angle, comprehensive assessment and analysis are carried out to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement, test in conjunction with means such as simulation calculation, ship model experiment checkings if desired.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by determining the overall performance requirement of boats and ships; Overall performance requirement according to boats and ships carries out critical-path analysis to the energy of full ship and load; According to the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme of the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load; According to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment; Net assessment and service check are carried out to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement, the allotment of full ship energy synthesis, equipment layout ship integrated power system flexibly can be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the combined power distribution schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is that program cabin section arranges sketch;
In Fig. 1,1G, 2G are middle pressure gas-turbine generator set, and 3G, 4G are medium voltage diesel generator set, and 1AG, 2AG are low pressure diesel genset; 1T, 2T are for advancing transformer; 3T, 4T are daily transformer; 1FC, 2FC are propelling frequency converter; 1M, 2M are propulsion electric machine.
Embodiment
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, and below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The invention provides a kind of ship integrated power system integral design method, comprising:
Step S1, determines the overall performance requirement of boats and ships;
Step S2, the overall performance requirement according to boats and ships carries out critical-path analysis to the energy of full ship and load;
Step S3, according to the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme of the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load;
Step S4, according to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment;
Step S5, carries out net assessment and service check to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement.
Optionally, the overall performance of boats and ships described in step S1 requires as the overall performance aspect such as suitable dress property, rapidity, maneuverability, stealth, vitality is to the specific requirement of ship integrated power system.
Preferably, step S2 comprises and determines that full ship advances power demand, daily and conventional weapon power demand and high energy special equipment power demand respectively, and final clear and definite complete maximum general power needed for ship, specifically comprises:
1) advance power demand according to thruster end, consider each equipment of propulsion system and transmission efficiency of shafting, calculate the propelling power demand of power end under the typical speed of a ship or plane;
2) apply the normal shipboard calculation of power load method that a pre-set specifications specifies, calculate daily and conventional weapon power demand;
3) according to high energy special equipment characteristic, its power demand is specified, and according to load characteristic, continuous power required under converting out different operating mode;
4) continuous power these three required under the propelling power demand of power end under the above-mentioned typical speed of a ship or plane, daily and conventional weapon power demand and different operating mode is added up, maximum general power required under drawing each operating mode of full ship.
Preferably, step S3 comprises ship integrated power system is divided into generator unit, power transmission and distribution unit, electric transforming unit, propulsion unit, daily load cell, energy-storage units and energy management unit, determine scheme and the lectotype selection of each unit respectively, specifically comprise:
1) maximal value is got in required from each operating mode of full ship that previous step draws maximum general power, reserve the deposit allowance being not less than code requirement, as the design reference value of generator unit total installation of generating capacity, according to design specifications, the overall water discharge of ship, vitality requires and full shipowner wants load distribution situation etc. to determine the power station equipment quantity of generator unit, generally can be divided into intermediate voltage generating station and low-pressure electricity station, wherein, the maximum general power that the installed capacity of intermediate voltage generating station is required under meeting each operating mode of full ship, low-pressure electricity station installed capacity is complete maximum general power needed for ship under meeting operating mode of berthing and pull in shore, specifically according to optional prime mover characteristic, determine the composition in each power station, general intermediate voltage generating station is primarily of gas-turbine generator set, diesel generator set and middle pressure main distribution board composition, low-pressure electricity station is made up of auxiliary diesel generater set and low-tension distribution board,
2) power transmission and distribution unit comprises medium-voltage distribution plate, low-tension distribution board and section board, wherein, one block of medium-voltage distribution plate is set at each intermediate voltage generating station, by middle Hair Fixer group of motors, described medium-voltage distribution plate is powered, connected by bonding line between each medium-voltage distribution plate; One piece of low-tension distribution board is set at each low-pressure electricity station, is powered to described low-tension distribution board by transformation device by low voltage generator group or medium-voltage distribution plate, connected by bonding line between each low-tension distribution board; According to region distribution principle, full ship is divided into some regions, and each region arranges one piece of section board, is powered to described section board by low-tension distribution board;
3) in determining according to total demand and technical risk, low pressure end electricity system, be pressed with in general and exchange 6300V(6600V) and direct current 4000V, low being pressed with exchanges 380V(390V) and direct current 710V, coupling system electricity sets up puts described electric transforming unit, namely low tension system is faded to by middle piezoelectricity system, if any specific demand, then low pressure end also needs to fade to the required electricity system of load-side;
4) as adopted alternating current system, then propulsion unit forms by advancing transformer, frequency converter and propulsion electric machine; As adopted direct current system, then propulsion unit is made up of frequency converter and propulsion electric machine, and wherein, described propulsion electric machine capacity is determined by advancing required peak power, and need leave the margin of power of regulation, and described frequency converter, transformer capacity are determined according to propulsion electric machine;
5) described daily load cell and normal shipboard similar, by low pressure main distribution board, section board, distribution electric box three grades power supply;
6) main optional energy-storage units (device) comprises battery pack, flywheel energy storage, fuel cell, superconducting energy storage, capacitance energy storage and pressure gas or steam energy storage, need according to high energy special equipment and specific loads demand, combination technology risk, chooses suitable energy storage device.
7) energy management unit mainly realizes unified allocation of resources and the utilization of full ship energy, on the basis of traditional Ship Propeling monitoring, monitoring power station, need realize the functions such as the propeller power restriction under the integrated management of full ship electric energy, special operation condition.
In step S4, that carries out integrated power system in conjunction with ship's space layout carries out equipment general arrangement, main main equipment comprises genset, panel, propulsion electric machine, frequency converter and propelling transformer etc., wherein, genset is generally arranged in cabin section, according to overall vitality requirement, each power station is arranged apart, main distribution board is arranged near corresponding power station nearby, and propulsion electric machine is arranged near boats and ships afterbody as far as possible, and frequency converter, propelling transformer should be arranged near described propulsion electric machine.All the other equipment layout methods can with reference to traditional marine mechanical and electrical equipment.
In step S5, angularly comprehensive assessment and analysis are carried out to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement from overall suitable dress property, rapidity, maneuverability, stealth, viability, economy and technical risk, test in conjunction with means such as simulation calculation, ship model experiment checkings if desired, whether meet general requirement with the ship integrated power system after finally confirming equipment general arrangement.
Below by an embodiment, each step of the present invention is described in detail:
Step S1, determines that the overall performance of boats and ships requires:
When this ship is totally loaded displacement to the requirement of integrated power system, screw propeller receives power and is not less than 30MW, cruise the speed of a ship or plane time screw propeller receive power and be not less than 5MW, cabin section overall length is no more than 35m.
Step S2, the overall performance requirement according to boats and ships carries out critical-path analysis to the energy of full ship and load:
1) consider system effectiveness, as calculated during maximum speed, power end power demand is about 32MW, and when cruising, power end power demand is about 5.3MW;
2) apply three class Y-factor method Ys, under maximum duty, daily and conventional weapon power demand is about 2MW, and under cruising condition, demand is about 1.2MW;
3) this ship loads demand without clear and definite high energy special equipment temporarily, and high energy special equipment power demand is zero;
4) by known for above-mentioned three additions, under maximum duty, overall power requirement is about 34MW, and under cruising condition, overall power requirement is about 6.5MW.
Step S3, the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme according to the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load:
Ship integrated power system is divided into generator unit, power transmission and distribution unit, electric transforming unit, propulsion unit, daily load cell, energy-storage units and energy management unit, determines scheme and the lectotype selection of each unit respectively, specifically comprise:
1) according to power demand, generator unit total installation of generating capacity is not less than 34MW.Consider the economy of cruising with maximum speed demand, arrange in 2 and press gas-turbine generator set, every platform capacity 14.5MW, 2 medium voltage diesel generator sets are set, every platform capacity 3.5MW, for ensureing to berth and the need for electricity of operating mode of pulling in shore, 2 low pressure auxiliary diesel generater sets are separately set, every platform capacity 1MW.According to vitality requirement, full ship arranges two intermediate voltage generating stations and 2 low-pressure electricity stations, front intermediate voltage generating station is primarily of 2 gas-turbine generator set and 1 piece of medium-voltage distribution plate composition, rear intermediate voltage generating station is primarily of 2 diesel generator sets and 1 piece of medium-voltage distribution plate composition, front low-pressure electricity station is primarily of 2 auxiliary diesel generater sets and 1 piece of low-tension distribution board composition, and rear low-pressure electricity station forms primarily of 1 piece of low-tension distribution board;
2) in power transmission and distribution unit, each intermediate voltage generating station arranges one block of medium-voltage distribution plate, is powered by middle Hair Fixer group of motors, is connected between two blocks of medium-voltage distribution plates by two bonding lines; Each low-pressure electricity station arranges one piece of low-tension distribution board, respectively by low voltage generator group or medium-voltage distribution plate by daily transformer-supplied, connected by a bonding line between two pieces of low-tension distribution boards; According to region distribution principle, full ship is divided into some regions, and each region arranges one piece of section board, is powered by low-tension distribution board;
3) medium voltage side electricity is made as and exchanges 6300V, and low-pressure side electricity is made as and exchanges 390V, and arranging two daily transformers, by middle pressure 6300V transformation to 390V, is daily load supplying;
4) propulsion unit forms by advancing transformer, frequency converter and propulsion electric machine, and two propulsion electric machines established by full ship, according to power demand and station capacity, and every platform propulsion electric machine capacity 16MW, and propelling transformer and the frequency converter of respective volume are set;
5) daily load cell and normal shipboard similar, by low pressure main distribution board, section board, distribution electric box three grades power supply;
6) because of without high energy special equipment need for electricity, energy-storage units selects conventional battery pack;
7) full ship arranges a set of energy management unit, and realize full ship electric power, the comprehensive monitoring of propelling and control, the distribution schematic diagram of integrated power system as shown in Figure 1.
Step S4, according to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment, namely carries out the equipment general arrangement of ship integrated power system:
Gas-turbine generator set is arranged in forward engine room, diesel generator set and auxiliary power generation unit are arranged in after engine room, propulsion electric machine is arranged in propulsion electric machine cabin, and frequency converter and transformer arrangement are in propulsion electric machine upper deck, and main distribution board is arranged in genset upper deck.For guaranteeing vitality of powering, 2, the interval cabin section of two intermediate voltage generating stations, when can ensure that the continuous three cabin water inlets of full ship are not heavy, there is normal electricity supply.All the other equipment layout methods are with reference to traditional marine mechanical and electrical equipment, and cabin section arranges sketch as shown in Figure 2.
Step S5, carries out net assessment and service check to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement:
According to theory calculate and simulation analysis, after the application program, under this ship loaded displacement, during maximum speed, screw propeller receives power and is about 32MW, and receive power when cruising and be about 5.5MW, cabin section overall length is 33.5m, and various functions performance index all meet general requirement.
In sum, the present invention can provide foundation by system, instructs ship integrated power system to design.
In this instructions, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.For system disclosed in embodiment, owing to corresponding to the method disclosed in Example, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see method part.
Professional can also recognize further, in conjunction with unit and the algorithm steps of each example of embodiment disclosed herein description, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, in order to the interchangeability of hardware and software is clearly described, generally describe composition and the step of each example in the above description according to function.These functions perform with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can use distinct methods to realize described function to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (8)
1. a ship integrated power system integral design method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Determine the overall performance requirement of boats and ships;
Overall performance requirement according to boats and ships carries out critical-path analysis to the energy of full ship and load;
According to the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme of the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load;
According to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment;
Net assessment and service check are carried out to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement.
2. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described boats and ships overall performance requires as the overall performance aspect of suitable dress property, rapidity, maneuverability, stealth, vitality is to the specific requirement of ship integrated power system.
3. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the overall performance requirement according to boats and ships comprises the step that the energy of full ship and load carry out critical-path analysis:
Advance power demand according to thruster end, consider each equipment of propulsion system and transmission efficiency of shafting, calculate the propelling power demand of power end under the typical speed of a ship or plane;
Apply the normal shipboard calculation of power load method that a pre-set specifications specifies, calculate daily and conventional weapon power demand;
According to high energy special equipment characteristic, specify its power demand, and according to load characteristic, continuous power required under converting out different operating mode;
Continuous power these three required under the propelling power demand of power end under the described typical speed of a ship or plane, daily and conventional weapon power demand and different operating mode is added up, maximum general power required under drawing each operating mode of full ship.
4. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the step according to the result determination ship integrated power system tentative programme of the energy of full ship and the critical-path analysis of load comprises:
Step one, maximal value is got in maximum general power required from each operating mode of described full ship, reserve the deposit allowance being not less than code requirement, as the design reference value of generator unit total installation of generating capacity, the power station equipment quantity of load distribution situation determination generator unit is wanted according to design specifications, the overall water discharge of ship, vitality requirement and full shipowner, be divided into intermediate voltage generating station and low-pressure electricity station, wherein, the maximum general power that the installed capacity of intermediate voltage generating station is required under meeting each operating mode of full ship, low-pressure electricity station installed capacity is complete maximum general power needed for ship under meeting operating mode of berthing and pull in shore;
Step 2, power transmission and distribution unit comprises medium-voltage distribution plate, low-tension distribution board and section board, wherein, arranges one block of medium-voltage distribution plate at each intermediate voltage generating station, by middle Hair Fixer group of motors, described medium-voltage distribution plate is powered, connected by bonding line between each medium-voltage distribution plate; One piece of low-tension distribution board is set at each low-pressure electricity station, is powered to described low-tension distribution board by transformation device by low voltage generator group or medium-voltage distribution plate, connected by bonding line between each low-tension distribution board; According to region distribution principle, full ship is divided into some regions, and each region arranges one piece of section board, is powered to described section board by low-tension distribution board;
Step 3, in determining according to total demand and technical risk, low pressure end electricity system, wherein, coupling system electricity sets up puts electric transforming unit, namely fades to low tension system by middle piezoelectricity system, and if any specific demand, then low pressure end also needs to fade to the required electricity system of load-side;
Step 4, as adopted alternating current system, then propulsion unit forms by advancing transformer, frequency converter and propulsion electric machine; As adopted direct current system, then propulsion unit is made up of frequency converter and propulsion electric machine, and wherein, described propulsion electric machine capacity is determined by advancing required peak power, and need leave the margin of power of regulation, and described frequency converter, transformer capacity are determined according to propulsion electric machine;
Step 5, daily load cell and normal shipboard similar, by low pressure main distribution board, section board, distribution electric box three grades power supply;
Step 6, according to high energy special equipment and specific loads demand, combination technology risk, chooses suitable energy-storage units;
Step 7, according to the propeller power limitation function design energy administrative unit under the integrated management function of traditional Ship Propeling monitoring function, monitoring power station function, full ship electric energy, special operation condition.
5. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step, according to prime mover characteristic, determine the composition in each power station, wherein, intermediate voltage generating station is primarily of gas-turbine generator set, diesel generator set and middle pressure main distribution board composition, and low-pressure electricity station is made up of auxiliary diesel generater set and low-tension distribution board.
6. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step 6, described energy-storage units comprises battery pack, flywheel energy storage, fuel cell, superconducting energy storage, capacitance energy storage and pressure gas or steam energy storage.
7. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step according to the ship integrated power system after the general arrangement of ship integrated power system tentative programme determination equipment, that carries out integrated power system in conjunction with ship's space layout carries out equipment general arrangement, main main equipment comprises genset, panel, propulsion electric machine, frequency converter and propelling transformer etc., wherein, genset is generally arranged in cabin section, according to overall vitality requirement, each power station is arranged apart, main distribution board is arranged near corresponding power station nearby, propulsion electric machine is arranged near boats and ships afterbody, frequency converter, advance transformer should arrange near described propulsion electric machine.
8. ship integrated power system integral design method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement is carried out in the step of net assessment and service check, from overall suitable dress property, rapidity, maneuverability, stealth, viability, economy and technical risk angle, comprehensive assessment and analysis are carried out to the ship integrated power system after equipment general arrangement, test in conjunction with means such as simulation calculation, ship model experiment checkings if desired.
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