CN111024923A - Gas evolution in soil and gas-containing soil mechanics measuring device - Google Patents
Gas evolution in soil and gas-containing soil mechanics measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for evolution of gas formation in soil and measurement of gas-containing soil mechanics, which comprises a soil body in-situ gas production system, a gas concentration measuring system and a gas concentration measuring system, wherein the soil body in-situ gas production system is used for providing a microorganism in-situ gas production place and monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, soil sample density, soil body gas content, soil body rigidity and the like in the place in real time; the system comprises a water bath circulating system and a gas component and volume measuring system, wherein the water bath circulating system and the gas component and volume measuring system are used for measuring the in-situ gas production volume and the gas component after a period of time; the in-situ strength measurement system of the gas-containing soil is used for measuring the in-situ non-drainage strength and sensitivity of the gas-containing soil; the in-situ gas-containing soil consolidation system is used for measuring parameters of in-situ compression consolidation and the like of the gas-containing soil. The invention can realize the indoor inversion of the gas production process of microorganisms in the soil, and quantitatively evaluate the gas production potential of different soils; the occurrence mode of gas in soil is reduced; the indoor reproduction of the gas-containing soil consolidation process is realized, and the non-drainage shear strength of the gas-containing soil can be quantitatively reflected. The device makes up the defects of the existing occurrence form evolution and strength measurement device of the gas-containing soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for measuring gas formation evolution in gas-containing soil, in-situ mechanical properties of the gas-containing soil and gas production potential of soil microorganisms, which can be used for measuring the gas production potential of the in-situ soil, the in-situ mechanical properties of the gas-containing soil and the like indoors, provides guidance for related disaster management and major infrastructure construction in shallow gas-containing areas, and belongs to gas-containing soil measuring equipment.
Background
Shallow layer gas disasters are widely distributed in coastal areas of five continents in the world, and bring huge threats to underground construction of the coastal areas in the world, shallow layer gas is widely distributed in gulf of Hangzhou and great gulf of Guangdong, Hongkong and Australia in China, and great challenges are brought to the construction of major infrastructure of coastal areas in China, for example, major facilities such as offshore wind power of Hangzhou gulf and Hangzhou gulf in China encounter shallow layer gas spraying accidents in construction engineering for many times.
Shallow air in coastal soft soil is mostly presented in soil in the form of bubbles, the mechanical property of the bubble-containing soft soil is different from that of saturated soft soil and unsaturated soil, and the mechanical properties of foundation soil, such as strength, rigidity, consolidation property, non-drainage shear strength and the like of the gas-containing soil, must be clarified when major infrastructure construction is carried out; secondly, for major infrastructure construction in a shallow gas area, an important index for risk assessment is the gas production potential of an in-situ soil body, which determines the abundance of shallow gas in the stratum of the area. In order to quantitatively evaluate the gas production potential of the in-situ soil body and measure the strength, rigidity and consolidation characteristics of the soft soil containing bubbles. Does not have mechanical properties such as water drainage shear strength, and the like, so the invention is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device for measuring gas formation evolution in gas-containing soil, in-situ mechanical properties of the gas-containing soil and gas production potential of soil microorganisms.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the device is characterized by comprising a soil body in-situ gas production system, a water bath circulation system for controlling the constant temperature of the soil body in-situ gas production system, a gas component and volume measurement system, a gas-containing soil in-situ strength measurement system and a gas-containing soil in-situ consolidation system. The soil in-situ gas production system is used for providing a microorganism in-situ gas production place and monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, soil sample density, soil gas content, soil stiffness and the like in the place in real time, the water bath circulation system is used for simulating in-situ soil temperature, the gas component and volume measurement system is used for measuring gas volume generated in situ by microorganisms and gas components generated after a period of time, the gas-containing soil in-situ strength measurement system is used for measuring in-situ non-drainage shear strength and sensitivity of gas-containing soil, and the gas-containing soil in-situ consolidation system is used for measuring in-situ consolidation properties of the gas-containing soil.
The soil body in-situ gas production system comprises a double-layer transparent cylinder body, a detachable top cover fixedly connected with the double-layer transparent cylinder body, a temperature and pressure sensor, an X-ray transmitting end, an X-ray receiving end, a bending element transmitting end, a bending element receiving end and a pore water pressure sensor. Still be provided with discharge gate, soil sample thief hatch, a plurality of pore water pressure interface, water sample thief hatch and the water guide valve pipeline that extend to the inner tube wall on the double-deck transparent cylinder outer tube wall, the discharge gate is located double-deck transparent cylinder lateral wall bottom, soil sample thief hatch is located double-deck transparent cylinder lateral wall middle part, a plurality of water sample thief hatches, pore water pressure interface vertical distribution respectively on the outer tube wall, the water guide valve is located outer tube wall lower extreme. The pore water pressure sensor is arranged on the pore water pressure interface; the outer cylinder wall is also provided with scales. The X-ray transmitting end and the X-ray receiving end are positioned on the same horizontal line and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the double-layer transparent cylinder; the bending element transmitting end and the bending element receiving end are fixed on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the double-layer transparent cylinder, the detachable top cover is provided with an air outlet and a through hole, and the through hole is positioned in the center of the detachable top cover; the temperature and pressure sensor is fixed on the detachable top cover. The double-layer transparent cylinder body is used for providing a microorganism in-situ gas production place on one hand, and is convenient for observing the aggregation form of gas generated by microorganisms in soil on the other hand; the hole pressure sensors arranged along with the depth are used for monitoring the pore water pressure arranged at different depths in the double-layer transparent cylinder, the bending elements are used for measuring the compression wave velocity and the shear wave velocity of the soil body in the soil body at different depths and calculating the in-situ rigidity and the saturation of the soil containing gas at different depths, the perforation is used for carrying out an in-situ shear test and a consolidation test after gas production is finished, and the temperature and pressure sensors are used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature in the gas production device.
The gas composition and volume measuring system comprises a closed volume bottle, a gas chromatograph and a graduated tube, wherein the top of the volume bottle is provided with a gas inlet, a gas guide port and a graduated tube opening; the air inlet is connected with the air outlet; the gas guide port is provided with a valve and is connected with a sample inlet of the gas chromatograph through a pipeline. By utilizing the principle of a drainage method, when gas enters a volume bottle, oil is driven by air pressure to enter a measuring tube, the gas production volume can be calculated by reading the height of the oil level in a graduated tube, and the main components of the produced gas in the in-situ soil can be measured by a gas chromatograph.
The gas-containing soil in-situ strength measuring system comprises a handle, a torsion meter and a cross plate, wherein the top end of the torsion meter is fixedly connected with the handle, and the bottom end of the torsion meter is fixedly connected with the cross plate. And mechanical parameters such as the non-drainage shear strength, the sensitivity and the like of the soil body are obtained by rotating the cross plate at a constant speed.
The in-situ consolidation system for the gas-containing soil body comprises a reaction frame, a top permeable stone, top filter paper, a bottom permeable stone, bottom filter paper, a loading plate, a force transmission column, an oil cylinder and a pressure gauge, wherein the oil cylinder is used for loading the load of the force transmission column; the top permeable stone and the top filter paper are sequentially arranged above the soil sample from top to bottom, the bottom permeable stone and the bottom filter paper are sequentially arranged at the bottom end of the soil sample from top to bottom, and the pressure gauge is arranged on the force transmission column. The loading plate is used for uniformly applying load on the gas-containing soil, the bottom and the bottom of the soil sample are both provided with permeable stones and filter paper, at the moment, a valve positioned at the bottom of the gas production tank is opened for simulating double-sided drainage, wherein the consolidation quantity of the soil body can be read through scales, and the in-situ compression consolidation characteristic of the gas-containing soil can be measured through the system.
Further, the interval between the water sample sampling opening is/the height of double-deck transparent barrel.
Furthermore, the water bath circulating system comprises a water bath circulating pipeline, a temperature control water tank and a water pump connected with the temperature control water tank, a gap between the inner and outer cylinder walls of the double-layer transparent cylinder body is used as the water bath circulating pipeline, a circulating water outlet is arranged on the upper side of the outer cylinder wall, and a circulating water inlet is arranged on the lower side of the outer cylinder wall; the temperature control water tank is connected with the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet through pipelines; the temperature control water tank is used for heating water circulated out of the soil body in-situ gas production system to keep the water temperature at a preset temperature, the water pump is used for providing water bath heating circulating power, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the soil body in-situ gas production system, and the water bath heating microorganism gas production system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize the indoor inversion of the gas production process of microorganisms in the soil, and quantitatively evaluate the gas production potential of different soils; the occurrence mode of gas in soil is reduced; the indoor reproduction of the gas-containing soil consolidation process is realized, and the non-drainage shear strength of the gas-containing soil can be quantitatively reflected. The device makes up the defects of the existing international occurrence form evolution and strength measurement device of the gas-containing soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view (front view) of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view (front view) of the in-situ gas-containing soil strength measuring system of the device
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram (front view) of an in-situ consolidation characteristic measurement system for gas-containing soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view (front view) of the gas volume and composition measuring device of the present invention;
the system comprises a microcomputer 1, a data acquisition instrument 2, a temperature and pressure sensor 3, a sealing ring 4, a fixing screw 5, a pore water pressure sensor interface 6, an X-ray receiving device 7, a bending element receiving end 8, a discharge port 9, a soil sample sampling port 10, a bending element transmitting end 11, a pore water sampling port 12, an X-ray emitter 13, a water outlet pipe 14, an air outlet 15, a perforation 16, a threaded joint 17, a rubber tube with a valve 18, a sealing ring 19, an oil level 20, an air duct 21, a gas chromatograph 22, a water pump 23, a temperature control water tank 24, a graduated scale 25, a graduated scale 26, a detachable top cover 27, a data acquisition instrument 28, a handle 29, a torsion meter 30, a pressure gage cross plate 31, a reaction frame 31, a reaction column 32, a bearing column 33, a bearing column 34, a bearing platform 35, a bearing platform 36, an oil cylinder 36, a force transmission column 37, a pressure transmission column 34, a pressure transmission column, 38. The device comprises a top permeable stone, 39 parts of bottom filter paper, 40 parts of the top permeable stone, 41 parts of a loading plate, 42 parts of bottom filter paper, 43 parts of a double-layer transparent cylinder, 44 parts of a water guide valve and 45 parts of a volume bottle.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the device for measuring gas formation evolution in gas-containing soil, in-situ gas mechanical properties of the gas-containing soil and gas production potential of soil microorganisms comprises an in-situ soil gas production system, a water bath circulation system, a gas component and volume measurement system, a soil in-situ strength measurement system and a gas-containing soil in-situ consolidation system;
the soil body in-situ gas production system is used for providing a microorganism in-situ gas production place and monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, soil sample density, soil body gas content, soil body rigidity and the like in the place in real time, and comprises a double-layer transparent cylinder 43, a detachable top cover 26 fixedly connected with the double-layer transparent cylinder 43, a temperature and pressure sensor 3, an X-ray transmitting end 13, an X-ray receiving end 7, a bent element transmitting end 11, a bent element receiving end 8 and a pore water pressure sensor; a gap between the inner and outer cylinder walls of the double-layer transparent cylinder 43 is used as a water bath circulating pipeline, a circulating water outlet is arranged at the upper side of the outer cylinder wall, and a circulating water inlet is arranged at the lower side of the outer cylinder wall; still be provided with the discharge gate 9 that extends to the inner tube wall on the urceolus wall, soil sample thief hatch 12, a plurality of pore water pressure interface 6, water sample thief hatch 10 and water guide valve 44 pore, discharge gate 9 is located double-deck transparent barrel 43 lateral wall bottom, soil sample thief hatch 12 is located double-deck transparent barrel 43 lateral wall middle part, a plurality of water sample thief hatches 10, pore water pressure interface 6 is along with the vertical distribution of degree of depth difference on the urceolus wall, pore water pressure sensor installs on pore water pressure interface 6, a pore water pressure for monitoring different degree of depth in the organic glass barrel and arranging, water guide valve 44 is located urceolus wall upper and lower extreme. The outer cylinder wall is also provided with scales. The X-ray transmitting end 13 and the X-ray receiving end 7 are positioned on the same horizontal line and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the double-layer transparent cylinder 43; the bending element transmitting end 11 and the bending element receiving end 8 are fixed on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the double-layer transparent cylinder 43 and used for measuring the compression wave velocity and the shear wave velocity of the soil bodies in the soil bodies with different depths so as to calculate the in-situ rigidity and the saturation of the gas-containing soil with different depths. The water bath circulating system comprises a temperature control water tank 24 and a water pump 23 connected with the temperature control water tank 24, and the temperature control water tank 24 is connected with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet through pipelines; the detachable top cover 26 is provided with an air outlet 15 and a perforation 16, and the perforation 16 is positioned at the right center of the detachable top cover 26; the temperature and pressure sensor 3 is fixed on the detachable top cover 26.
Preferably, the double-layer transparent cylinder 43 is made of organic glass, and is used for providing a place for generating gas in situ by microorganisms on one hand and facilitating observation of the aggregation form of the gas generated by the microorganisms in the soil on the other hand.
The gas composition and volume measuring system comprises a closed volume bottle 45, a gas chromatograph 22 and a graduated tube, wherein the top of the volume bottle 45 is provided with a gas inlet, a gas guide port and a graduated tube opening, oil is filled in the volume bottle 45, the graduated tube penetrates through the graduated tube opening and vertically submerges into an oil layer, and the graduated tube opening are sealed and fixed; the air inlet is connected with the air outlet 15; the gas guide port is provided with a valve and is connected with a sample inlet of the gas chromatograph through a pipeline. The system utilizes the principle of a drainage method, when gas enters a volume bottle, gas pressure in an oil layer drives oil to enter a measuring tube, the gas production volume can be calculated by reading the height of the oil level in a graduated tube, and the main components of the produced gas in the in-situ soil can be measured by a gas chromatograph. The adoption of oil can avoid the test error caused by the dissolution of gas in water.
The in-situ strength measuring system for the air-containing soil is used for measuring the in-situ non-drainage shear strength and sensitivity of the air-containing soil and comprises a handle 28, a torsion meter 29 and a cross plate 30, wherein the top end of the torsion meter 29 is fixedly connected with the handle 28, and the bottom end of the torsion meter 29 is fixedly connected with the cross plate 30. When in measurement, the bottom end of the torsion meter 29 penetrates through the through hole 16 on the detachable top cover 26 and is fixedly connected with the cross plate 30, the cross plate 30 is placed in the soil sample, and mechanical parameters such as the non-drainage strength and the sensitivity of the soil body are obtained by rotating the cross plate 30 at a constant speed.
The gas-containing soil in-situ consolidation system is used for measuring the in-situ consolidation property of gas-containing soil and comprises a reaction frame 31, a top permeable stone 40, top filter paper 42, a bottom permeable stone 39, bottom filter paper 38, a loading plate 41, a force transfer column 37, an oil cylinder 36 and a pressure gauge 35, wherein the bottom of the force transfer column 37 is fixedly connected with the center of the loading plate 41, and the top end of the force transfer column 37 is fixed on the top cover of the reaction frame 31; the top permeable stone 40 and the top filter paper 42 are sequentially arranged above the soil sample from top to bottom, the bottom permeable stone 39 and the bottom filter paper 38 are sequentially arranged at the bottom end of the soil sample from top to bottom, and the pressure gauge 35 is arranged on the force transmission column. When in measurement, the device is placed on a reaction frame 31, a force transmission column 37 penetrates through a through hole 16 in a detachable top cover 26, the bottom of the force transmission column 37 is fixedly connected with the center of a loading plate 41, the top end of the force transmission column is fixed on the top cover of the reaction frame 31 and is connected with an oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is controlled to carry out loading, the loading plate is used for uniformly applying load on gas-containing soil, top filter paper 42 and top permeable stones 40 are sequentially installed on the top of a soil sample, at the moment, a water guide valve 44 of a soil body in-situ gas production system is opened to simulate double-sided drainage, the consolidation quantity of a soil body can be read through scales, and the in-situ compression consolidation characteristic of the gas-containing soil.
Preferably, the torque meter 29 is screwed with the cross plate 30 through threads, and the force transmission column 37 is screwed with the loading plate 41 through threads, so that the torque meter is convenient to disassemble and connect with the soil body in-situ gas production system.
Preferably, the top porous stone 40, the top filter paper 42, the bottom porous stone 39, the bottom filter paper 38, and the loading plate 41 have a circular shape and a diameter corresponding to the double-layered transparent cylinder 43.
The following will briefly describe the test procedure of gas generation-strength test-consolidation property test-strength change after consolidation test by using the device of the present invention, but not limited thereto:
① the detachable top cover 26 is opened, the water guide valve 44 at the bottom of the double-layer transparent cylinder 43 is closed, the bottom filter paper 38 and the bottom permeable stone 39 are installed at the bottom of the double-layer transparent cylinder 43 from bottom to top, the prepared soil sample and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:3 and poured into the double-layer transparent cylinder 43, the detachable top cover 26 is covered, the rubber plug is punched 16 to check the sealing performance of the whole device, the microbial gas production device and the gas volume measurement device are connected through the rubber tube, the water bath circulation device is opened, and the water bath temperature is set to 35 ℃.
② opening the X-ray emission end, scanning the soil sample from top to bottom at intervals to obtain the evolution of the density of the soil sample along with the gas production time and depth, opening the bending element at the same time, measuring the compression wave velocity and the shear wave velocity of the deep soil sample at different time periods, calculating the evolution of the rigidity and the strength of the soil sample along with the time, opening the pore water sampling port and the soil sample sampling port at different times to measure the component evolution law thereof, generally, the X-ray and the bending element are measured once every 24h, and the water sample and the soil sample are also sampled and measured once every 24 h.
③, acquiring the air pressure and temperature in the device measured by the temperature and pressure sensor 3 arranged on the detachable top cover 26 in real time, calculating the volume of the generated gas by reading the change of the oil level in the graduated tube, calculating the gas generation potential by the time and the gas generation volume, and utilizing an ideal gas equation:
PV＝nRT
wherein: p is pressure; v is volume; n is the number of moles of gas; r is a thermodynamic constant; t is the temperature;
the temperature and the air pressure of the temperature and pressure sensor 3 before and after gas production are read and substituted into an ideal gas equation to obtain:
before gas production: p1V＝n1RT1
After gas production: p2V＝n2RT2
V is the difference between the internal volume of the gas production device and the volume of the soil sample at the initial stage, T1、T2、P1、P2The temperature and the pressure measured by the temperature and pressure sensor 3 before and after gas production are respectively, and the difference value n before and after gas production is the estimated gas production rate, so that the degree of the microbial reaction in the soil can be roughly judged, and when the whole soil is usedAnd when the estimated gas generation amount in the gas production tank is not changed, about 1 month indicates that the maximum gas production amount of the soil body with the quality is reached. When the gas production volume is measured, the valve on the gas guide port is opened, the gas is introduced into the gas chromatograph 22, and the gas components are detected; after the test is finished, the valve on the air guide port is closed, the water bath circulation system is closed, and the pipeline connection between the air outlet 15 and the air inlet is disconnected.
④ the removable cover 26 is opened, the rubber stopper on the aperture 16 is removed, the cross 30 is inserted into the soil sample, the top of the torsion meter 29 is fixedly connected to the handle 28 through the aperture 16, the bottom of the torsion meter 29 is fixedly connected to the cross 30 by covering the removable cover 26. the cross is rotated at a constant rate for 1 cycle/minute to measure the maximum torsion and obtain the shear strength of the soil without water drainage, the cross is rotated further 15 cycles to record the torsion after 15 cycles to obtain the residual strength of the soil with air.
⑤ after the strength measurement, opening the detachable top cover 26, taking down the handle 28, the torque meter 29 and the cross plate 30, installing the top filter paper 42 and the top permeable stone 40 on the soil sample from bottom to top, fixing the top end of the force transfer column 37 on the top cover of the reaction frame 31, fixing the bottom end of the force transfer column through the perforation 16 and connecting with the center of the loading plate 41, loading the load of the force transfer column 37 and the loading plate 41 through the oil cylinder 36 to load the soil sample, measuring the height of the soil body in the device every 1 hour to obtain the change curve of the height along with the time to obtain the consolidation characteristic of the soil body, simultaneously opening the X-ray transmitting end, scanning the soil sample from top to bottom every 24 hours to obtain the density of the soil sample along with the consolidation time and the depth during consolidation, simultaneously opening the bending element, measuring the compression wave velocity and the shear wave velocity of the soil sample consolidation at every 24 hours to calculate the evolution of the rigidity and the strength of the soil sample along with the consolidation time, measuring the consolidation volume and the evolution of the pressure along with the consolidation time, wherein the water discharge valve 44 of the soil body can be read through the scale of the soil body of the gas in situ consolidation system.
⑥ repeat step ④ to further test the change in strength of the soil sample after consolidation.
⑦ the test apparatus was cleaned and prepared for the next set of tests.
Claims (3)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a soil body in-situ gas production system, a water bath circulation system for controlling the soil body in-situ gas production system to be constant in temperature, a gas component and volume measurement system, a gas-containing soil in-situ strength measurement system and a gas-containing soil in-situ consolidation system.
The soil body in-situ gas production system comprises a double-layer transparent cylinder (43), a detachable top cover (26) fixedly connected with the double-layer transparent cylinder (43), a temperature and pressure sensor (3), an X-ray transmitting end (13), an X-ray receiving end (7), a bent element transmitting end (11), a bent element receiving end (8) and a pore water pressure sensor. Still be provided with discharge gate (9) that extend to the inner tube wall on the double-deck transparent barrel (43) urceolus wall, soil sample thief hatch (12), a plurality of pore water pressure interface (6), water sample thief hatch (10) and water guide valve (44) pore, discharge gate (9) are located double-deck transparent barrel (43) lateral wall bottom, soil sample thief hatch (12) are located double-deck transparent barrel (43) lateral wall middle part, a plurality of water sample thief hatch (10), pore water pressure interface (6) vertical distribution respectively on the urceolus wall, water guide valve (44) are located the urceolus wall lower extreme. The pore water pressure sensor is arranged on the pore water pressure interface (6); the outer cylinder wall is also provided with scales. The X-ray emitting end (13) and the X-ray receiving end (7) are positioned on the same horizontal line and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the double-layer transparent cylinder body (43); the bent element transmitting end (11) and the bent element receiving end (8) are fixed on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the double-layer transparent cylinder body (43), the detachable top cover (26) is provided with an air outlet (15) and a through hole (16), and the through hole (16) is positioned in the center of the detachable top cover (26); the temperature and pressure sensor (3) is fixed on the detachable top cover (26).
The gas composition and volume measuring system comprises a closed volume bottle (45), a gas chromatograph (22) and a graduated tube, wherein the top of the volume bottle (45) is provided with a gas inlet, a gas guide port and a graduated tube opening, oil is filled in the volume bottle (45), the graduated tube penetrates through the graduated tube opening and vertically submerges into an oil layer, and the graduated tube opening are sealed and fixed; the air inlet is connected with the air outlet (15); the gas guide port is provided with a valve and is connected with a sample inlet of the gas chromatograph through a pipeline.
The air-containing soil in-situ strength measuring system comprises a handle (28), a torsion meter (29) and a cross plate (30), wherein the top end of the torsion meter (29) is fixedly connected with the handle (28), and the bottom end of the torsion meter (29) is fixedly connected with the cross plate (30).
The in-situ consolidation system for the gas-containing soil body comprises a reaction frame (31), a top permeable stone (40), top filter paper (42), a bottom permeable stone (39), bottom filter paper (38), a loading plate (41), a force transfer column (37), an oil cylinder (36) for loading the load of the force transfer column (37) and a pressure gauge (35), wherein the bottom of the force transfer column (37) is fixedly connected with the center of the loading plate (41), and the top end of the force transfer column (37) is fixed on a top cover of the reaction frame (31); the top permeable stone (40) and the top filter paper (42) are sequentially arranged above the soil sample from top to bottom, the bottom permeable stone (39) and the bottom filter paper (38) are sequentially arranged at the bottom end of the soil sample from top to bottom, and the pressure gauge (35) is arranged on the force transmission column.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the water sampling ports (10) is 1/6 double-layer transparent cylinder (43) height.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the water bath circulation system comprises a water bath circulation pipeline, a temperature control water tank (24) and a water pump (23) connected with the temperature control water tank (24), a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of the double-layer transparent cylinder (43) is used as the water bath circulation pipeline, a circulation water outlet is arranged at the upper side of the outer wall, and a circulation water inlet is arranged at the lower side of the outer wall; the temperature control water tank (24) is connected with the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet through pipelines.
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