CN111023107A - Combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue - Google Patents

Combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111023107A
CN111023107A CN201911250404.5A CN201911250404A CN111023107A CN 111023107 A CN111023107 A CN 111023107A CN 201911250404 A CN201911250404 A CN 201911250404A CN 111023107 A CN111023107 A CN 111023107A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal gangue
parts
combustion
coal
air supply
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CN201911250404.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王志成
张玥
张宇
杨光
丁慧敏
陈松
刘旭丹
樊磊
张帆
陆海玲
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Energy and Environment Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province
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Energy and Environment Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province
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Priority to CN201911250404.5A priority Critical patent/CN111023107A/en
Publication of CN111023107A publication Critical patent/CN111023107A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A combustion method of low-calorific value coal gangue belongs to a combustion method of coal. The invention aims to provide a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, which can improve the combustion efficiency of the coal gangue and reduce the emission of pollutant gas. According to the invention, biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent are added according to a certain mass ratio, then the mixture is uniformly mixed and aged for a certain time to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler, and when the fuel is fed into the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device at a constant speed according to the coal quantity required by the combustion of the boiler, air is forcibly fed for three times under the grate of the coal-fired boiler, so that the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler is ensured. According to the invention, by improving the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the dissociation rate of carbon dioxide in flue gas is reduced, the content of carbon monoxide is reduced, the chemical incomplete combustion loss is reduced, the burnout degree of combustion is favorably improved, the thermal value requirement of thermal power generation fuel is met, and finally the thermal efficiency of the low-thermal value coal gangue can be improved by 30-50%.

Description

Combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a combustion method of coal; in particular to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue.
Background
A large amount of coal gangue and coal slime can be generated in the coal mining and sorting process, and currently, the coal gangue and the coal slime respectively account for 20 percent and 17 percent of industrial solid waste materials in China. The large amount of stockpiling of the coal gangue and the coal slime can cause serious harm to human beings and the environment, so the resource utilization of the coal gangue and the coal slime is particularly important. At present, combustion power generation is the most main way for utilizing coal gangue and coal slime, the heat value is lower in the combustion power generation process of the coal gangue and the coal slime, and SO can be generated2、NOxHeavy metals and the like cause serious pollution to the environment and result in the generation of dust haze, and no effective combustion method of coal gangue exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, which can improve the combustion efficiency of the coal gangue and reduce the emission of pollutant gas.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing coal gangue for the first time to obtain first crushed coal gangue; sieving the first crushed coal gangue to obtain oversize products and undersize products; performing primary sorting on the oversize product to obtain first clean coal gangue, medium coal gangue and first tail coal gangue; performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue to obtain second crushed coal gangue; mixing the second crushed coal gangue with the undersize, and then carrying out secondary separation to obtain a second clean coal gangue and a second tail coal gangue; combining the first clean coal gangue and the second clean coal gangue to obtain clean coal gangue for later use, and returning the first tail coal gangue and the second tail coal gangue to the first crushing step;
step 2, respectively weighing 8-13 parts of manganese dioxide, 3-5 parts of ferric oxide, 10-15 parts of potassium nitrate, 18-23 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 50-60 parts of activated carbon according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a combustion improver for later use;
step 3, adding the clean coal gangue obtained in the step 1 into biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent according to a certain mass ratio, uniformly mixing, and aging for a certain time to obtain fuel of the coal-fired boiler for later use;
and 4, forcibly carrying out primary air supply under the grate of the coal-fired boiler when the fuel of the coal-fired boiler prepared in the step 3 is fed at a constant speed according to the coal-fired quantity required by the combustion of the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device, forcibly carrying out secondary air supply under the grate after a certain time of the primary air supply, and forcibly carrying out tertiary air supply from the flue gas and the fire outlet of the hearth after a certain time of the secondary air supply, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, which is characterized in that in the step 1, the first crushed coal gangue is sieved and sieved to obtain oversize products and undersize products, the granularity of the undersize products is less than 1cm, the granularity of the oversize products is greater than 1cm, a ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen is used for sieving and sieving the first crushed coal gangue, and the model of the ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen is ZSG-1020.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, which comprises the step 1 of crushing the medium coal gangue for the second time, wherein the crushed granularity is 30-200 meshes, the granularity of clean coal gangue is not less than 160 meshes, coal gangue crushing equipment is a 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher, and the model of the 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher is 4PGC 0806.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, and the combustion improver in step 2 comprises 10 parts of manganese dioxide, 4 parts of ferric oxide, 12 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 55 parts of activated carbon.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, biomass in step 3 is one or a mixture of more of crop waste, wood waste and animal manure, and the particle size of the biomass is 1 cm-5 mm.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, and the sulfur-fixing agent in step 3 comprises 3-5 parts of sodium acetate, 15-40 parts of sodium carbonate, 10-20 parts of sodium humate, 10-25 parts of sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of ammonium humate and 5-15 parts of ammonium acetate.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, wherein the sulfur-fixing agent in step 3 comprises 4 parts of sodium acetate, 30 parts of sodium carbonate, 15 parts of sodium humate, 15 parts of sodium chloride, 15 parts of ammonium humate and 10 parts of ammonium acetate.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, wherein the mass ratio of clean coal gangue to biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent in step 3 is 100-200: 30-50: 3-10: 1-5, and aging for 24-48 hours after uniformly mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, wherein the mass ratio of clean coal gangue to biomass, combustion improver and sulfur fixing agent in step 3 is 150: 40: 7:2, and aging for 30 hours after uniform mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific value coal gangue, wherein the coal conveying amount of a mechanical coal feeding device in the step 4 is 100-120 t/h, the power of an induced draft fan used for air supply is 200-300 KW, a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used for first air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 40-50 wt%, the content of the carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 96-98 wt%, secondary air supply is carried out 15-30 min after the primary air supply, a mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the secondary air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 30-40 wt%, the content of the carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 96-98 wt%, the third air supply is carried out 15-20 min after the second air supply, the mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the third air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 30-35 wt%, and the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 96-98 wt%.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 2, the combustion improver contains 8-13 parts of manganese dioxide, 3-5 parts of ferric oxide, 10-15 parts of potassium nitrate, 18-23 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 50-60 parts of activated carbon, the combustion-supporting effect of the manganese dioxide and the activated carbon is better and sufficient due to the addition of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the combustion condition of the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be optimized, and the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be completely combusted in a hearth, so that the mechanical incomplete combustion rate and the chemical incomplete combustion rate of the low-calorific-value coal gangue are reduced, the effective utilization rate of the low-calorific-value coal gangue and the thermal efficiency of a boiler are greatly improved, and the thermal efficiency of the low-calorific-.
The invention relates to a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue, in step 3, biomass, combustion improver and sulfur fixing agent are mixed in clean coal gangue, aging can enable the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent to be more uniformly permeated into the refined coal gangue, so that the mixing is more uniform, the addition of the sulfur-fixing agent can reduce the release of harmful gases in the low-calorific value coal gangue and the concentration of gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and the like in a hearth, and when the common coal gangue is combusted, the concentration of sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth is more than 30000mg/kg, and the concentration of nitrogen oxide gas is more than 6000mg/kg, in the combustion process of the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth can be reduced to be less than 7000mg/kg, and the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas can be reduced to be less than 2000 mg/kg.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, provided by the invention, the full combustion of the low-calorific-value coal gangue is promoted by 3 times of forced air supply in the step 4, on the premise that the volume of a hearth is not changed, the air supply pressure can completely eliminate air leakage in a furnace, the stability of ignition and combustion is increased, the dissociation rate of carbon dioxide in flue gas is reduced by improving the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the content of carbon monoxide is reduced, the chemical incomplete combustion loss is reduced, the burnout degree of combustion is favorably improved, the calorific value requirement of thermal power generation fuel is met, and finally the thermal efficiency of the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be improved by 30-50%.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing coal gangue for the first time to obtain first crushed coal gangue; sieving the first crushed coal gangue to obtain oversize products and undersize products; performing primary sorting on the oversize product to obtain first clean coal gangue, medium coal gangue and first tail coal gangue; performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue to obtain second crushed coal gangue; mixing the second crushed coal gangue with the undersize, and then carrying out secondary separation to obtain a second clean coal gangue and a second tail coal gangue; combining the first clean coal gangue and the second clean coal gangue to obtain clean coal gangue for later use, and returning the first tail coal gangue and the second tail coal gangue to the first crushing step;
step 2, respectively weighing 8 parts of manganese dioxide, 3 parts of ferric oxide, 10 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 50 parts of activated carbon according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a combustion improver for later use;
step 3, adding the clean coal gangue obtained in the step 1 into biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent according to a certain mass ratio, uniformly mixing, and aging for a certain time to obtain fuel of the coal-fired boiler for later use;
and 4, forcibly carrying out primary air supply under the grate of the coal-fired boiler when the fuel of the coal-fired boiler prepared in the step 3 is fed at a constant speed according to the coal-fired quantity required by the combustion of the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device, forcibly carrying out secondary air supply under the grate after a certain time of the primary air supply, and forcibly carrying out tertiary air supply from the flue gas and the fire outlet of the hearth after a certain time of the secondary air supply, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of low calorific value coal gangue in the embodiment, the first crushed coal gangue in step 1 is sieved and sieved to obtain oversize products and undersize products, the granularity of the undersize products is less than 1cm, the granularity of the oversize products is greater than 1cm, and the ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen used for sieving and sieving the first crushed coal gangue is ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen with the model of ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen being ZSG B-1020.
In the combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the medium coal gangue in step 1 is crushed for the second time, the crushed granularity is 30 meshes, the granularity of clean coal gangue is not less than 160 meshes, the coal gangue crushing equipment is a 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher, and the model of the 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher is 4PGC 0806.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in step 3, the biomass is one or a mixture of several of crop wastes, wood wastes and animal excreta, and the particle size of the biomass is 1 cm.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the sulfur-fixing agent in the step 3 comprises 3 parts of sodium acetate, 15 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 parts of sodium humate, 10 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ammonium humate and 5 parts of ammonium acetate.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the mass ratio of the clean coal gangue to the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent in the step 3 is 100: 30: and 3:1, aging for 24 hours after uniform mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the coal conveying amount of the mechanical coal feeding device in the step 4 is 100t/h, the power of an induced air fan used for air supply is 200KW, a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used in the first air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 40 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 96 wt%, the second air supply is performed 15min after the first air supply, a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used in the second air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 30 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 96 wt%, the third air supply is performed 15min after the second air supply, and the mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used in the third air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 30 wt%, and the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 96-98 wt%.
According to the combustion method of the low-heat-value coal gangue, the combustion-supporting effect of manganese dioxide and active carbon is better and sufficient due to the addition of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the combustion condition of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be optimized, and the low-heat-value coal gangue is completely and sufficiently combusted in a hearth, so that the mechanical incomplete combustion rate and the chemical incomplete combustion rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue are reduced, the effective utilization rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue and the thermal efficiency of a boiler are greatly improved, and the thermal efficiency of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be improved by 10% before and.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 3, the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent are mixed in the clean coal gangue, aging enables the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent to be more uniformly permeated into the clean coal gangue, so that the mixing is more uniform, the release of harmful gas in the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be reduced through the addition of the sulfur fixing agent, the concentration of gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in a hearth can be reduced, when the common coal gangue is combusted, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth is 31498mg/kg, and the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas is 6018 mg/kg.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 4, the sufficient combustion of the low-calorific-value coal gangue is promoted by 3 times of forced air supply, on the premise that the volume of a hearth is not changed, air leakage in a furnace can be completely eliminated by air supply pressure, the stability of ignition and combustion is improved, the dissociation rate of carbon dioxide in smoke is reduced by improving the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the content of carbon monoxide is reduced, the chemical incomplete combustion loss is reduced, the burnout degree of combustion is favorably improved, the calorific value requirement of a thermal power generation fuel is met, and finally the thermal efficiency of the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be improved by 30%.
The second embodiment is as follows:
a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing coal gangue for the first time to obtain first crushed coal gangue; sieving the first crushed coal gangue to obtain oversize products and undersize products; performing primary sorting on the oversize product to obtain first clean coal gangue, medium coal gangue and first tail coal gangue; performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue to obtain second crushed coal gangue; mixing the second crushed coal gangue with the undersize, and then carrying out secondary separation to obtain a second clean coal gangue and a second tail coal gangue; combining the first clean coal gangue and the second clean coal gangue to obtain clean coal gangue for later use, and returning the first tail coal gangue and the second tail coal gangue to the first crushing step;
step 2, respectively weighing 13 parts of manganese dioxide, 5 parts of ferric oxide, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 23 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 60 parts of activated carbon according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a combustion improver for later use;
step 3, adding the clean coal gangue obtained in the step 1 into biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent according to a certain mass ratio, uniformly mixing, and aging for a certain time to obtain fuel of the coal-fired boiler for later use;
and 4, forcibly carrying out primary air supply under the grate of the coal-fired boiler when the fuel of the coal-fired boiler prepared in the step 3 is fed at a constant speed according to the coal-fired quantity required by the combustion of the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device, forcibly carrying out secondary air supply under the grate after a certain time of the primary air supply, and forcibly carrying out tertiary air supply from the flue gas and the fire outlet of the hearth after a certain time of the secondary air supply, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of low calorific value coal gangue in the embodiment, the first crushed coal gangue in step 1 is sieved and sieved to obtain oversize products and undersize products, the granularity of the undersize products is less than 1cm, the granularity of the oversize products is greater than 1cm, and the ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen used for sieving and sieving the first crushed coal gangue is ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen with the model of ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen being ZSG B-1020.
In the combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the medium coal gangue in step 1 is crushed for the second time, the crushed particle size is 200 meshes, the particle size of the clean coal gangue is not less than 160 meshes, the coal gangue crushing equipment is a 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher, and the model of the 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher is 4PGC 0806.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in step 3, the biomass is one or a mixture of several of crop wastes, wood wastes and animal excreta, and the particle size of the biomass is 5 mm.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the sulfur-fixing agent in the step 3 comprises 5 parts of sodium acetate, 40 parts of sodium carbonate, 20 parts of sodium humate, 25 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of ammonium humate and 15 parts of ammonium acetate.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the mass ratio of the clean coal gangue to the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent in the step 3 is 200: 50: and (5) mixing uniformly, and aging for 48 hours to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the coal conveying amount of the mechanical coal feeding device in the step 4 is 120t/h, the power of an induced air fan used for air supply is 300KW, a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used in the first air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 50 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%, the second air supply is performed 20min after the first air supply, a mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the second air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 40 wt%, the content of the carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%, the third air supply is performed 20min after the second air supply, and the mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the third air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 35 wt%, and the content of the carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%.
According to the combustion method of the low-heat-value coal gangue, the combustion-supporting effect of manganese dioxide and active carbon is better and sufficient due to the addition of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the combustion condition of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be optimized, and the low-heat-value coal gangue is completely and sufficiently combusted in a hearth, so that the mechanical incomplete combustion rate and the chemical incomplete combustion rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue are reduced, the effective utilization rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue and the thermal efficiency of a boiler are greatly improved, and the thermal efficiency of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be improved by 20% before and.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 3, the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent are mixed in the clean coal gangue, aging enables the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent to be more uniformly permeated into the clean coal gangue, so that the mixing is more uniform, the release of harmful gas in the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be reduced through the addition of the sulfur fixing agent, the concentration of gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in a hearth can be reduced, when the common coal gangue is combusted, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth is 31498mg/kg, the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas is 6018mg/kg, in the combustion process of the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth can be reduced to 6500mg/kg, and the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas can be reduced to 1806 mg/kg.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 4, the sufficient combustion of the low-calorific-value coal gangue is promoted by 3 times of forced air supply, on the premise that the volume of a hearth is not changed, air leakage in a furnace can be completely eliminated by air supply pressure, the stability of ignition and combustion is improved, the dissociation rate of carbon dioxide in smoke is reduced by improving the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the content of carbon monoxide is reduced, the chemical incomplete combustion loss is reduced, the burnout degree of combustion is favorably improved, the calorific value requirement of a thermal power generation fuel is met, and finally the thermal efficiency of the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be improved by 50%.
The third concrete implementation mode:
a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing coal gangue for the first time to obtain first crushed coal gangue; sieving the first crushed coal gangue to obtain oversize products and undersize products; performing primary sorting on the oversize product to obtain first clean coal gangue, medium coal gangue and first tail coal gangue; performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue to obtain second crushed coal gangue; mixing the second crushed coal gangue with the undersize, and then carrying out secondary separation to obtain a second clean coal gangue and a second tail coal gangue; combining the first clean coal gangue and the second clean coal gangue to obtain clean coal gangue for later use, and returning the first tail coal gangue and the second tail coal gangue to the first crushing step;
step 2, respectively weighing 10 parts of manganese dioxide, 4 parts of ferric oxide, 12 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 55 parts of activated carbon according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a combustion improver for later use;
step 3, adding the clean coal gangue obtained in the step 1 into biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent according to a certain mass ratio, uniformly mixing, and aging for a certain time to obtain fuel of the coal-fired boiler for later use;
and 4, forcibly carrying out primary air supply under the grate of the coal-fired boiler when the fuel of the coal-fired boiler prepared in the step 3 is fed at a constant speed according to the coal-fired quantity required by the combustion of the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device, forcibly carrying out secondary air supply under the grate after a certain time of the primary air supply, and forcibly carrying out tertiary air supply from the flue gas and the fire outlet of the hearth after a certain time of the secondary air supply, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of low calorific value coal gangue in the embodiment, the first crushed coal gangue in step 1 is sieved and sieved to obtain oversize products and undersize products, the granularity of the undersize products is less than 1cm, the granularity of the oversize products is greater than 1cm, and the ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen used for sieving and sieving the first crushed coal gangue is ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen with the model of ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen being ZSG B-1020.
In the combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the medium coal gangue in step 1 is crushed for the second time, the crushed particle size is 100 meshes, the particle size of the clean coal gangue is not less than 160 meshes, the coal gangue crushing equipment is a 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher, and the model of the 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher is 4PGC 0806.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in step 3, the biomass is one or a mixture of several of crop wastes, wood wastes and animal excreta, and the particle size of the biomass is 2 mm.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the sulfur-fixing agent in the step 3 comprises 4 parts of sodium acetate, 30 parts of sodium carbonate, 15 parts of sodium humate, 15 parts of sodium chloride, 15 parts of ammonium humate and 10 parts of ammonium acetate.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the mass ratio of the clean coal gangue to the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent in the step 3 is 150: 40: 7:2, and aging for 30 hours after uniform mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the coal conveying amount of the mechanical coal feeding device in the step 4 is 120t/h, the power of an induced air fan used for air supply is 300KW, a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used in the first air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 50 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%, the second air supply is performed 30min after the first air supply, the mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the second air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 40 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%, the third air supply is performed 20min after the second air supply, and the mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the third air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 35 wt%, and the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%.
According to the combustion method of the low-heat-value coal gangue, the combustion-supporting effect of manganese dioxide and active carbon is better and sufficient due to the addition of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the combustion condition of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be optimized, and the low-heat-value coal gangue is completely and sufficiently combusted in a hearth, so that the mechanical incomplete combustion rate and the chemical incomplete combustion rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue are reduced, the effective utilization rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue and the thermal efficiency of a boiler are greatly improved, and the thermal efficiency of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be improved by 16% before and.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 3, the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent are mixed in the clean coal gangue, aging enables the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent to be more uniformly permeated into the clean coal gangue, so that the mixing is more uniform, the release of harmful gas in the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be reduced through the addition of the sulfur fixing agent, the concentration of gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in a hearth can be reduced, when the common coal gangue is combusted, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth is 31498mg/kg, the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas is 6018mg/kg, in the combustion process of the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth can be reduced to 6700mg/kg, and the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas can be reduced to 1850 mg/kg.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 4, the sufficient combustion of the low-calorific-value coal gangue is promoted by 3 times of forced air supply, on the premise that the volume of a hearth is not changed, air leakage in a furnace can be completely eliminated by air supply pressure, the stability of ignition and combustion is improved, the dissociation rate of carbon dioxide in smoke is reduced by improving the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the content of carbon monoxide is reduced, the chemical incomplete combustion loss is reduced, the burnout degree of combustion is favorably improved, the calorific value requirement of a thermal power generation fuel is met, and finally the thermal efficiency of the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be improved by 45%.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
a combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing coal gangue for the first time to obtain first crushed coal gangue; sieving the first crushed coal gangue to obtain oversize products and undersize products; performing primary sorting on the oversize product to obtain first clean coal gangue, medium coal gangue and first tail coal gangue; performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue to obtain second crushed coal gangue; mixing the second crushed coal gangue with the undersize, and then carrying out secondary separation to obtain a second clean coal gangue and a second tail coal gangue; combining the first clean coal gangue and the second clean coal gangue to obtain clean coal gangue for later use, and returning the first tail coal gangue and the second tail coal gangue to the first crushing step;
step 2, respectively weighing 11 parts of manganese dioxide, 5 parts of ferric oxide, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 22 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 50 parts of activated carbon according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a combustion improver for later use;
step 3, adding the clean coal gangue obtained in the step 1 into biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent according to a certain mass ratio, uniformly mixing, and aging for a certain time to obtain fuel of the coal-fired boiler for later use;
and 4, forcibly carrying out primary air supply under the grate of the coal-fired boiler when the fuel of the coal-fired boiler prepared in the step 3 is fed at a constant speed according to the coal-fired quantity required by the combustion of the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device, forcibly carrying out secondary air supply under the grate after a certain time of the primary air supply, and forcibly carrying out tertiary air supply from the flue gas and the fire outlet of the hearth after a certain time of the secondary air supply, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of low calorific value coal gangue in the embodiment, the first crushed coal gangue in step 1 is sieved and sieved to obtain oversize products and undersize products, the granularity of the undersize products is less than 1cm, the granularity of the oversize products is greater than 1cm, and the ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen used for sieving and sieving the first crushed coal gangue is ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen with the model of ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen being ZSG B-1020.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the medium coal gangue in the step 1 is crushed for the second time, the crushed granularity is 30-200 meshes, the granularity of the clean coal gangue is not less than 160 meshes, the coal gangue crushing equipment is a 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher, and the model of the 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher is 4PGC 0806.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in step 3, the biomass is one or a mixture of several of crop wastes, wood wastes and animal excreta, and the particle size of the biomass is 1 cm-5 mm.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the sulfur-fixing agent in the step 3 comprises 5 parts of sodium acetate, 25 parts of sodium carbonate, 14 parts of sodium humate, 18 parts of sodium chloride, 14 parts of ammonium humate and 12 parts of ammonium acetate.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue according to the embodiment, the mass ratio of the clean coal gangue to the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent in the step 3 is 120: 40: 7:3, and aging for 30 hours after uniform mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
In the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, the coal conveying amount of the mechanical coal feeding device in the step 4 is 120t/h, the power of an induced air fan used for air supply is 300KW, a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas is used in the first air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 50 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%, the second air supply is performed 30min after the first air supply, the mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the second air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 40 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%, the third air supply is performed 20min after the second air supply, and the mixture of the oxygen and the recycled flue gas is used in the third air supply, wherein the mass fraction of the oxygen is 35 wt%, and the content of carbon dioxide in the recycled flue gas is 98 wt%.
According to the combustion method of the low-heat-value coal gangue, the combustion-supporting effect of manganese dioxide and activated carbon is better and sufficient due to the addition of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the combustion condition of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be optimized, and the low-heat-value coal gangue can be completely and sufficiently combusted in a hearth, so that the mechanical incomplete combustion rate and the chemical incomplete combustion rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue are reduced, the effective utilization rate of the low-heat-value coal gangue and the thermal efficiency of a boiler are greatly improved, and the thermal efficiency of the low-heat-value coal gangue can be improved by 14% before.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 3, the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent are mixed in the clean coal gangue, aging enables the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent to be more uniformly permeated into the clean coal gangue, so that the mixing is more uniform, the release of harmful gas in the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be reduced through the addition of the sulfur fixing agent, the concentration of gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in a hearth can be reduced, when the common coal gangue is combusted, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide gas in the hearth is 31498mg/kg, and the concentration of the nitrogen oxide gas is 6018 mg/kg.
According to the combustion method of the low-calorific-value coal gangue, in the step 4, the sufficient combustion of the low-calorific-value coal gangue is promoted by 3 times of forced air supply, on the premise that the volume of a hearth is not changed, air leakage in a furnace can be completely eliminated by air supply pressure, the stability of ignition and combustion is improved, the dissociation rate of carbon dioxide in smoke is reduced by improving the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the content of carbon monoxide is reduced, the chemical incomplete combustion loss is reduced, the burnout degree of combustion is favorably improved, the calorific value requirement of a thermal power generation fuel is met, and finally the thermal efficiency of the low-calorific-value coal gangue can be improved by 40%.

Claims (10)

1. A combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing coal gangue for the first time to obtain first crushed coal gangue; sieving the first crushed coal gangue to obtain oversize products and undersize products; performing primary sorting on the oversize product to obtain first clean coal gangue, medium coal gangue and first tail coal gangue; performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue to obtain second crushed coal gangue; mixing the second crushed coal gangue with the undersize, and then carrying out secondary separation to obtain a second clean coal gangue and a second tail coal gangue; combining the first clean coal gangue and the second clean coal gangue to obtain clean coal gangue for later use, and returning the first tail coal gangue and the second tail coal gangue to the first crushing step;
step 2, respectively weighing 8-13 parts of manganese dioxide, 3-5 parts of ferric oxide, 10-15 parts of potassium nitrate, 18-23 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 50-60 parts of activated carbon according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a combustion improver for later use;
step 3, adding the clean coal gangue obtained in the step 1 into biomass, a combustion improver and a sulfur fixing agent according to a certain mass ratio, uniformly mixing, and aging for a certain time to obtain fuel of the coal-fired boiler for later use;
and 4, forcibly carrying out primary air supply under the grate of the coal-fired boiler when the fuel of the coal-fired boiler prepared in the step 3 is fed at a constant speed according to the coal-fired quantity required by the combustion of the boiler through a mechanical coal feeding device, forcibly carrying out secondary air supply under the grate after a certain time of the primary air supply, and forcibly carrying out tertiary air supply from the flue gas and the fire outlet of the hearth after a certain time of the secondary air supply, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
2. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) sieving and screening the first crushed coal gangue in the step (1) to obtain oversize products and undersize products, wherein the granularity of the undersize products is less than 1cm, the granularity of the oversize products is greater than 1cm, and the model of the ZSG heavy motor vibrating screen used for sieving and screening the first crushed coal gangue is ZSG-1020.
3. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) performing secondary crushing on the medium coal gangue in the step (1), wherein the crushed granularity is 30-200 meshes, the granularity of the clean coal gangue is not less than 160 meshes, the coal gangue crushing equipment is a 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher, and the model of the 4PGC four-tooth roller crusher is 4PGC 0806.
4. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the combustion improver in the step 2 comprises 10 parts of manganese dioxide, 4 parts of ferric oxide, 12 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 55 parts of activated carbon.
5. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3, the biomass is one or a mixture of more of crop wastes, wood wastes and animal excrement, and the particle size of the biomass is 1 cm-5 mm.
6. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sulfur-fixing agent in the step 3 comprises 3-5 parts of sodium acetate, 15-40 parts of sodium carbonate, 10-20 parts of sodium humate, 10-25 parts of sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of ammonium humate and 5-15 parts of ammonium acetate.
7. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sulfur-fixing agent in the step 3 comprises 4 parts of sodium acetate, 30 parts of sodium carbonate, 15 parts of sodium humate, 15 parts of sodium chloride, 15 parts of ammonium humate and 10 parts of ammonium acetate.
8. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the clean coal gangue to the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent in the step 3 is 100-200: 30-50: 3-10: 1-5, and aging for 24-48 hours after uniformly mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
9. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the clean coal gangue to the biomass, the combustion improver and the sulfur fixing agent in the step 3 is 150: 40: 7:2, and aging for 30 hours after uniform mixing to obtain the fuel of the coal-fired boiler.
10. The combustion method of the low heating value coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coal conveying amount of the mechanical coal feeding device in the step 4 is 100-120 t/h, the power of an induced draft fan used for air supply is 200-300 KW, a mixture of oxygen and recirculated flue gas is used for first air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 40-50 wt%, the content of carbon dioxide in the recirculated flue gas is 96-98 wt%, second air supply is carried out 15-30 min after the first air supply, a mixture of the oxygen and the recirculated flue gas is used for second air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 30-40 wt%, the content of the carbon dioxide in the recirculated flue gas is 96-98 wt%, third air supply is carried out 15-20 min after the second air supply, and a mixture of the oxygen and the recirculated flue gas is used for third air supply, the mass fraction of the oxygen is 30-35 wt%, and the content of the carbon dioxide in the recirculated flue gas is 96-98 wt%.
CN201911250404.5A 2019-12-09 2019-12-09 Combustion method of low-calorific-value coal gangue Pending CN111023107A (en)

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CN111644198A (en) * 2020-07-06 2020-09-11 山西大学 Coal gangue catalytic combustion catalyst, preparation method and application
CN115448623A (en) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-09 中南大学 Method for preparing cementing material by sintering and activating coal gangue

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Application publication date: 20200417