CN109609241B - Coal-fired cleaning additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coal-fired cleaning additive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent comprises 8-15 parts by weight of water, 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1-3 parts by weight of urea, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive. The coal-fired cleaning additive is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the used raw materials are clean and non-toxic, the preparation method is simple, the coal-fired cleaning additive can be produced and prepared in large batch and applied to the market, is particularly effective to low non-point source pollution caused by civil scattered coal combustion, reduces environmental pollution and resource waste, and can be used in a general coal-fired area without organized emission, so that the harm of the coal-fired to the environment is solved from the source, and the problem of secondary pollution cannot be caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an auxiliary agent and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a large coal consuming country, and coal accounts for about 70% of primary energy consumption, wherein about 70% of the primary energy consumption is used for direct combustion or power generation. With the continuous increase of environmental protection pressure and the implementation of clean energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, water energy and the like in recent years, the use amount of coal is restricted to a certain extent, but the status that the coal is used as a main energy source in China is not kept. In winter heating seasons in rural areas in the north, coal is still directly combusted for cooking and heating, the combustion of bulk coal basically belongs to a low-level source, the emission height is very low, and the generated waste gas brings great harm to human beings and atmospheric environment.
The average sulfur content of commercial coal in China is 1.01%, and the main air pollutants discharged by fire coal include smoke dust,SO2、NOx、CO2Etc. in which SO is discharged from the coal2Accounting for 87 percent of the total discharge of various pollution sources. In view of the fact that main coal-fired industrial areas, coal-fired power generation areas and the like in China are organically treated and discharged, organized coal-fired pollution treatment technologies are deeply researched at home and abroad, unorganized coal-fired pollution, especially pollution treatment caused by bulk coal combustion is neglected, when the bulk coal pollution is treated by adopting electric energy instead of coal-fired in the traditional mode, a power grid needs to be modified, the investment is large, and the method is only suitable for developed economic areas and concentrated user areas; and at present, natural gas is in short supply, and the method is mainly concentrated in northwest regions, so that the conveying distance is long, and the investment is large. Therefore, the gas generation coal is mainly in the areas with sufficient gas sources. In remote rural areas, areas with low user concentration and areas with insufficient origin, coal-fired heating, cooking and the like are still needed.
Therefore, it is beneficial to develop a treatment method or an auxiliary agent for desulfurization and denitrification in the coal burning process, so as to ensure the efficient treatment and discharge of harmful gas in the combustion process of bulk coal, solve the air pollution caused by the coal burning mode adopted in remote rural areas and areas with low user concentration at present, solve the problem of unorganized discharge pollution of the coal from the combustion source, and ensure the physical and mental health and good environment of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal cleaning additive and a preparation method thereof, the additive has a desulfurization and denitrification effect in the coal burning process, achieves the desulfurization and denitrification purposes without influencing the heat value of the coal, has a desulfurization and denitrification removal rate of over 80 percent, solves the problems of high pollution, more harmful gases and incapability of treating harmful gases caused by the traditional coal burning, can synchronously perform desulfurization and denitrification in the burning process, reduces the emission of low-altitude area source pollutants, and reduces the influence on the atmospheric environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent which comprises 8-15 parts by weight of water, 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1-3 parts by weight of urea, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive.
Preferably, the calcium magnesium acetate is prepared by uniformly mixing calcium acetate and magnesium acetate in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then mixing the mixture with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1 per mill to prepare a solution with a solute mass fraction of 20%.
Preferably, the catalyst is an iron oxide, copper oxide or manganese dioxide.
Preferably, the composite adhesive is composite modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol.
Preferably, the coal-fired cleaning assistant comprises 8 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of calcium oxide, 2 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1 part by weight of urea, 0.5 part by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5 part by weight of catalyst and 1.5 parts by weight of composite binder.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent in cleaning coal, which comprises the steps of adding the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the coal-fired, uniformly mixing the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent and coal powder, pressing to form coal and then burning in a burning stove.
Preferably, the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace is controlled to be 600-1200 ℃.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the coal-fired cleaning additive, which comprises the following steps:
A. adding 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive into 4-7 parts by weight of water, mixing and stirring, adding 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a liquid A;
B. adding 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate into 4-8 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a liquid B;
C. uniformly mixing 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 1-3 parts by weight of urea and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst to obtain powder C;
D. and mixing the liquid A and the liquid B, adding the powder C after uniformly stirring, and stirring in a mixer for 1-2 hours to obtain the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the calcium acetate and the magnesium acetate are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then mixed with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1 per mill to prepare a solution with a solute mass fraction of 20%; the catalyst is ferric oxide, cupric oxide or manganese dioxide; the composite adhesive is composite modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol.
The invention also provides an application of the coal-fired cleaning additive prepared by the preparation method in cleaning coal, wherein the coal-fired cleaning additive accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the coal is added into the coal, and is uniformly mixed with coal powder, and the coal is pressed into molded coal and then is combusted in a combustion furnace.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:
by adding the environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the coal-fired into the coal-fired, under the action of calcium magnesium acetate, a catalyst and various substances in the additive, the environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive can effectively absorb and decompose sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the coal-fired, ensures the cleanness of gas discharged after the coal-fired, reduces the harm of unorganized emission of the coal-fired to the atmospheric environment and the health of people, effectively improves the thermal stability of the coal-fired, and ensures that the characteristics of coke residue and the bonding index can reach the standard of civil coal-fired without corrosion to a coal stove.
The coal-fired cleaning additive is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the used raw materials are clean and non-toxic, the preparation method is simple, the coal-fired cleaning additive can be produced and prepared in large batch and applied to the market, is particularly effective to low non-point source pollution caused by civil scattered coal combustion, reduces environmental pollution and resource waste, and can be used in a general coal-fired area without organized emission, so that the harm of the coal-fired to the environment is solved from the source, and the problem of secondary pollution cannot be caused.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.
The invention provides a coal-fired cleaning additive, which is used for treating low non-point source pollution caused by civil bulk coal combustion, reducing environmental pollution and reducing resource waste. The fire coal cleaning auxiliary agent comprises 8-15 parts by weight of water, 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1-3 parts by weight of urea, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive.
Preferably, the calcium magnesium acetate is prepared by uniformly mixing calcium acetate and magnesium acetate in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then mixing the mixture with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1 per mill to prepare a solution with a solute mass fraction of 20%.
Preferably, the catalyst is iron oxide or copper oxide or manganese dioxide;
preferably, the composite adhesive is composite modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol.
The calcium oxide and the calcium magnesium acetate are sulfur-fixing denitration agents, so that short fire coal can produce sulfate and nitrate under the high-temperature condition in the furnace, and the generation amount of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide gas is reduced under the action of a catalyst; the iron oxide, the copper oxide and the manganese dioxide are effective catalysts, play a role in catalysis in the denitration reaction, reduce the generation amount of nitrogen oxide gas and have a certain combustion-supporting effect. Titanium dioxide and urea are effective denitrifiers and are denitration reaction raw materials. The composite modified starch and the polyvinyl alcohol are coal powder adhesive.
Preferably, the coal-fired cleaning assistant comprises 8 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of calcium oxide, 2 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1 part by weight of urea, 0.5 part by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5 part by weight of catalyst and 1.5 parts by weight of composite binder.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent in cleaning coal, which comprises the steps of adding the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the coal-fired, uniformly mixing the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent and coal powder, pressing to form coal and then burning in a burning stove.
The environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive provided by the invention is applied by adding 8% of the coal-fired quality into coal-fired, uniformly mixing the coal-fired cleaning additive with coal powder, pressing to prepare coal-fired briquette, and then burning the coal-fired briquette in a combustion furnace, wherein the combustion temperature is controlled at 600-1200 ℃. Through the test and test of coal products using coal as fuel and adding additives, when the same combustion furnace is used, the discharge amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide is respectively reduced by 90 percent and 82 percent, the thermal stability is high, and the characteristics of the coke residue and the bonding index all accord with the standard of civil briquette coal and have no corrosion to the coal-fired furnace.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the coal-fired cleaning additive, which comprises the following steps:
A. adding 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive into 4-7 parts by weight of water, mixing and stirring, adding 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a liquid A;
B. adding 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate into 4-8 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a liquid B;
C. uniformly mixing 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 1-3 parts by weight of urea and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst to obtain powder C;
D. and mixing the powder C with the liquid B, adding the liquid A, mixing, and stirring in a mixer for 1-2 hours to obtain the environment-friendly fire coal cleaning additive.
Preferably, the calcium acetate and the magnesium acetate are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then mixed with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1 per mill to prepare a solution with a solute mass fraction of 20%; the catalyst is ferric oxide, cupric oxide or manganese dioxide; the composite adhesive is composite modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol.
After the auxiliary agent is used, sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium magnesium acetate, calcium oxide and the like in the auxiliary agent to form stable sulfate which is attached to burnt carbon ash, so that the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced. After the auxiliary agent is used, substances such as calcium magnesium acetate, titanium dioxide, urea and the like in the auxiliary agent are decomposed under the action of the catalyst to accelerate the reaction with nitrogen oxides, pollution-free nitrogen is formed in the combustion furnace and discharged into the air, the cleanness of gas discharged after coal combustion is ensured, and the harm of the inorganization discharge of the coal combustion to the atmospheric environment and the human health is reduced.
The coal-fired cleaning additive is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the used raw materials are clean and non-toxic, the preparation method is simple, the coal-fired cleaning additive can be produced and prepared in large batch and applied to the market, is particularly effective to low non-point source pollution caused by civil scattered coal combustion, reduces environmental pollution and resource waste, and can be used in a general coal-fired area without organized emission, so that the harm of the coal-fired to the environment is solved from the source, and the problem of secondary pollution cannot be caused.
Example 1
Weighing 100g of composite modified starch, adding 600g of water, mixing and stirring, adding 75g of titanium dioxide, fully stirring for 10min, and uniformly mixing to obtain liquid A for later use;
adding 200g of calcium magnesium acetate into 600g of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain a liquid B for later use;
fully mixing 500g of calcium oxide, 300g of urea and 150g of catalyst to obtain powder C;
and mixing the powder C with the liquid B, adding the liquid A, mixing, and stirring in a mixer for 1-2 hours to obtain the environment-friendly fire coal cleaning additive.
7 percent (namely 2.52kg) of the environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive is added into 36kg of coal-fired, the 2.52kg of cleaning coal-fired additive and 36kg of coal powder are uniformly mixed, pressed into molded coal and then combusted in a combustion furnace, the combustion temperature is controlled to be about 900 ℃, and through combustion tests and tests, when the same combustion furnace is used, the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide is respectively reduced by 89 percent and 85 percent, the thermal stability is high, and the characteristics of coke residue and the bonding index accord with the standard of civil molded coal, and the environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive does not corrode the combustion furnace.
After the auxiliary agent is used, sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium magnesium acetate, calcium oxide and the like in the auxiliary agent to form stable sulfate which is attached to burnt carbon ash, so that the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced. After the auxiliary agent is used, substances such as calcium magnesium acetate, titanium dioxide, urea and the like in the auxiliary agent are decomposed under the action of the catalyst to accelerate the reaction with nitrogen oxides, pollution-free nitrogen is formed in the combustion furnace and discharged into the air, the cleanness of gas discharged after coal combustion is ensured, and the harm of the inorganization discharge of the coal combustion to the atmospheric environment and the human health is reduced.
Example 2
Weighing 150kg of polyvinyl alcohol, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into 1000kg of water, mixing and stirring, adding 150kg of titanium dioxide, fully stirring for 10min, and uniformly mixing to obtain liquid A for later use;
adding 500kg of calcium magnesium acetate into 300kg of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain a liquid B for later use;
fully mixing 100kg of calcium oxide, 150kg of urea and 75kg of catalyst to obtain powder C;
and mixing the powder C with the liquid B, adding the liquid A, mixing, and stirring in a mixer for 1-2 hours to obtain the environment-friendly fire coal cleaning additive.
The environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive with the weight accounting for 10 percent of the mass of the coal-fired being 10 percent (namely 10kg) is added into 1000kg of the coal-fired, the 10kg of the environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive is uniformly mixed with 1000kg of coal powder, the mixture is pressed into the coal-fired, then the coal-fired is combusted in a combustion furnace, the combustion temperature is controlled at 1000 ℃, and through combustion tests and tests, when the same combustion furnace is used, the discharge amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide is respectively reduced by 94 percent and 81.5 percent, the thermal stability is high, and the characteristics of coke residue and the bonding index both accord.
After the auxiliary agent is used, sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium magnesium acetate, calcium oxide and the like in the auxiliary agent to form stable sulfate which is attached to burnt carbon ash, so that the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced. After the auxiliary agent is used, substances such as calcium magnesium acetate, titanium dioxide, urea and the like in the auxiliary agent are decomposed under the action of the catalyst to accelerate the reaction with nitrogen oxides, pollution-free nitrogen is formed in the combustion furnace and discharged into the air, the cleanness of gas discharged after coal combustion is ensured, and the harm of the inorganization discharge of the coal combustion to the atmospheric environment and the human health is reduced.
Example 3
Weighing 100kg of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into 800kg of water, mixing and stirring, adding 50kg of titanium dioxide, fully stirring for 10min, and uniformly mixing for later use;
adding 400kg of calcium magnesium acetate into 600kg of water, and stirring for 5min for later use;
fully mixing 200kg of calcium oxide, 300kg of urea and 50kg of catalyst to obtain mixed powder;
and mixing the powder C with the liquid B, adding the liquid A, mixing, and stirring in a mixer for 1-2 hours to obtain the environment-friendly fire coal cleaning additive.
The environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive with the mass being 5 percent (namely 25kg) of the mass of the coal-fired is added into 500kg of the coal-fired, the 25kg of the environment-friendly coal-fired cleaning additive is uniformly mixed with 500kg of coal powder, the mixture is pressed into the coal-fired, then the coal-fired is combusted in a combustion furnace, the combustion temperature is controlled at 800 ℃, and through combustion tests and tests, when the same combustion furnace is used, the discharge amount of sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide is respectively reduced by 83 percent and 80 percent, the thermal stability is high, and the characteristics of coke residue and the bonding index both accord with the standard of.
After the auxiliary agent is used, sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium magnesium acetate, calcium oxide and the like in the auxiliary agent to form stable sulfate which is attached to burnt carbon ash, so that the emission of sulfur dioxide is reduced. After the auxiliary agent is used, substances such as calcium magnesium acetate, titanium dioxide, urea and the like in the auxiliary agent are decomposed under the action of the catalyst to accelerate the reaction with nitrogen oxides, pollution-free nitrogen is formed in the combustion furnace and discharged into the air, the cleanness of gas discharged after coal combustion is ensured, and the harm of the inorganization discharge of the coal combustion to the atmospheric environment and the human health is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A fire coal cleaning additive is characterized in that: the fire coal cleaning auxiliary agent comprises 8-15 parts by weight of water, 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1-3 parts by weight of urea, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst and 0.5-1.5 composite adhesive, wherein the calcium magnesium acetate is prepared by uniformly mixing calcium acetate and magnesium acetate in a mass ratio of 3:1 and then mixing the mixture with a magnesium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 1 per thousand to prepare a solution with the solute mass fraction of 20%.
2. The coal combustion cleaning aid according to claim 1, wherein: the catalyst is ferric oxide, cupric oxide or manganese dioxide.
3. The coal combustion cleaning aid according to claim 1, wherein: the composite adhesive is composite modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol.
4. The coal-fired cleaning additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent comprises 8 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of calcium oxide, 2 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate, 1 part by weight of urea, 0.5 part by weight of titanium dioxide, 0.5 part by weight of catalyst and 1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive.
5. Use of the coal cleaning additive as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 for cleaning coal, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of adding a coal-fired cleaning additive accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the coal-fired, uniformly mixing the coal-fired cleaning additive and coal powder, pressing the formed coal, and then burning the formed coal in a burning stove.
6. The use of a coal cleaning aid according to claim 5 for cleaning coal, wherein: the combustion temperature in the combustion stove is controlled to be 600-1200 ℃.
7. A method for preparing the coal combustion cleaning assistant according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
A. adding 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of composite adhesive into 3-6 parts by weight of water, mixing and stirring, adding 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a liquid A;
B. adding 2-4 parts by weight of calcium magnesium acetate into 2-4 parts by weight of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a liquid B;
C. uniformly mixing 1-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 1-3 parts by weight of urea and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of catalyst to obtain powder C;
D. and mixing the powder C with the liquid B, adding the liquid A, mixing, and stirring in a mixer for 1-2 hours to obtain the coal-fired cleaning additive.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the catalyst is ferric oxide, cupric oxide or manganese dioxide; the composite adhesive is composite modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol.
9. The application of the fire coal cleaning additive prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 7 to 8 in cleaning fire coal is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of adding the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the coal-fired, uniformly mixing the coal-fired cleaning auxiliary agent with coal powder, pressing the mixture into coal and then burning the coal in a burning stove.
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| CN103194292A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-10 | 兰州熙瑞化工科技有限公司 | Boiler coal combustion-improving desulfurizing and denitrifying agent composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN105567375A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2016-05-11 | 无锡荣博能源环保科技有限公司 | Composite additive |
| CN104355984A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 姜升林 | Preparation process and application of calcium magnesium acetate |
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