CN111022095A - Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave - Google Patents
Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave Download PDFInfo
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- CN111022095A CN111022095A CN201911036699.6A CN201911036699A CN111022095A CN 111022095 A CN111022095 A CN 111022095A CN 201911036699 A CN201911036699 A CN 201911036699A CN 111022095 A CN111022095 A CN 111022095A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Abstract
A supporting structure and a supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave are disclosed, the structure is as follows: a square groove is dug on the bottom plate; a plurality of drill holes are formed in the square groove, the drill holes at the end parts are obliquely arranged, and the drill holes in the middle part are perpendicular to the bottom plate; two steel bar beams are arranged on two sides of the drill hole; the spiral blade is arranged outside the anchor rod body, and the inside of the anchor rod body is hollow; the nut is sleeved on the anchor rod body, and the anchor rod tray is tightly pressed on the upper parts of the two steel bar beams; the method comprises the following steps: excavating a square groove; drilling a borehole, and anchoring the anchor rod body into the borehole; two sides of the drill hole are provided with two steel bar beams which are sequentially sleeved with an anchor rod tray and a nut; and filling gangue. The supporting structure has strong supporting capability and wide supporting range, can stably support the bottom plate, can effectively prevent the bottom bulge of the roadway, and can reduce the construction cost and the labor intensity of workers; the method can obviously simplify the construction process of supporting, can effectively control the bottom bulging phenomenon of the roadway, can simply, conveniently and quickly control the deformation of the bottom plate, and can ensure the safe production work of the coal mine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine support, and particularly relates to a support structure and a support method for preventing roadway floor heave.
Background
The mining of mineral resources has gradually developed towards the deep part, and as the mining depth increases, the roadway floor is subjected to higher and higher ground stress, and particularly the phenomenon of roadway floor heave is most remarkable. The roadway floor heave can obstruct the transportation and the walking of personnel, and can obstruct the ventilation of the mine, even lead to the instability of the whole roadway, and bring great harm to the safe and efficient production of the mine. Meanwhile, a large amount of maintenance work is required for the tunnel bottom drum, so that manpower, financial resources and material resources are greatly wasted, and certain difficulty is caused in the maintenance process.
At present, aiming at the occurrence of roadway floor heave, an anchor rod is generally adopted for control, anchor rod support is an economic and effective reinforcement means, the bearing performance and stability of a rock body can be obviously improved, and the method is widely applied to mines. However, the traditional anchor bolt support is carried out through a single anchor bolt, and due to the weak anchoring force, the arrangement density of the single anchor bolt has to be increased, so that the density of drilling holes needs to be increased, the construction cost and the labor intensity of workers are increased, but the support effect is still not ideal, and the generation of the roadway bottom heave phenomenon cannot be effectively controlled. In addition, when the anchor rod is drilled, the base plate is drilled, holes are cleaned, and then the resin anchoring agent and the anchor rod body are sequentially filled, and the drilling and hole cleaning processes of the base plate are very difficult, so that the construction process is very complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a supporting structure and a supporting method for preventing floor heave of a roadway, wherein the supporting structure has strong supporting capability and wide supporting range, can stably support a bottom plate, can effectively prevent floor heave of the roadway, and can reduce construction cost and labor intensity of workers; the method can obviously simplify the construction process of supporting, can effectively control the generation of roadway bottom heave phenomenon, can simply, conveniently and quickly control the deformation of the bottom plate, and can effectively guarantee the safe production work of coal mines.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a supporting structure for preventing floor heave of a roadway, comprising a plurality of square grooves dug in a bottom plate of the roadway; the length direction of the square groove is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roadway, and the width of the square groove is larger than that of the anchor rod tray;
a group of supporting units and a filling belt are arranged in each square groove;
the supporting unit comprises a plurality of drill holes, two steel bar beams, a plurality of anchor rod bodies corresponding to the number of the drill holes, a plurality of anchor rod trays corresponding to the number of the anchor rod bodies and nuts; the number of the drill holes is not less than three, and the drill holes are distributed along the length direction of the square groove; the drill holes at the two end parts are obliquely arranged in a splayed shape, and the drill hole at the middle part is arranged vertical to the bottom plate; the two reinforcing steel beams extend along the direction of the square groove and are respectively arranged at two sides of the drilled hole; an axial cavity is arranged at the axis of the anchor rod body, a spiral blade spirally wound on the surface of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body is fixedly connected to the outside of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body, and a convex coarse thread is arranged on the outside of the free section of the anchor rod body; the anchor rod body is inserted into the drill hole, the spiral blade is abutted against the inner side wall of the drill hole, and the upper end of the free section is exposed outside the drill hole after penetrating through the two steel bar beams; the anchor rod tray is sleeved outside the upper end of the free section of the anchor rod body at the upper parts of the two steel bar beams, and the nut is sleeved outside the upper end of the free section of the anchor rod body at the upper part of the anchor rod tray through thread matching;
the filling belt is filled in the space outside the supporting unit, and the square groove is filled.
In this technical scheme, make two stock body of rod at one row of anchor body both ends in same square groove be the splayed slope each other and set up, the stock body of rod and the bottom plate at middle part set up perpendicularly mutually, vertical pulling force and outer oblique pulling force down can be applyed the tunnel simultaneously, and be the splayed effect by two outer oblique pulling forces, therefore, vertical pulling force and outer horizontal pulling force down can further be applyed the tunnel, can show and weaken two group in tunnel and to the extrusion that the bottom plate formed, effectively restrain the production of deformation, make the control to the bottom plate produce the effect that is showing, thereby can effectually carry out all-roundly to the tunnel, reliably and stable strutting, greatly improved the ability of strutting. Through laying two reinforcing bars roof beam that are located drilling both sides in square groove, enable one row of anchor body and form a whole, and then can further effectively increase and strut intensity and strut the scope, can effectively prevent the production of tunnel pucking. Meanwhile, the supporting structure effectively reduces the installation density of a single anchoring body, and reduces the construction cost and the labor intensity of workers.
Further, the other end of the anchor rod body is provided with an embedded coarse thread in the axial cavity, and the embedded coarse thread, the protruding coarse thread and the helical blade are consistent in helical direction. Through making the screw direction unanimous, can be through special rig anchor the stock body of rod in-process, make two stock bodies of rod of concatenation mutually connect more and more inseparable through screw-thread fit, and then enable the anchor length of the stock body of rod not receive the restriction of connecting quantity, effectively increased the anchor effect.
Further, in order to guarantee the bearing strength and the supporting force, the wall thickness of the protruding coarse threads and the wall thickness of the embedded coarse threads are half of the wall thickness of the anchor rod body.
Further, in order to facilitate grouting operation in the later period, at least one grout outlet hole communicated with the axial cavity and the external space is formed in the anchoring section of the anchor rod body in the radial direction.
Further, in order to improve the supporting strength, the number of the drill holes is 3-5, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged drill holes and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees.
Further, in order to fill the waste rock in the full use of tunnel to when saving the resource, can also handle the waste rock simultaneously, the filling area comprises a plurality of waste rock.
The invention also provides a supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave, which comprises an anchor rod body, wherein an axial cavity is arranged at the axis of the anchor rod body, the outside of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body is fixedly connected with a helical blade spirally wound on the surface of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body, and the outside of the free section of the anchor rod body is provided with a convex coarse thread;
further comprising the steps of:
step 1: a square groove with a certain depth is dug in a bottom plate of the roadway, the direction of the square groove is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roadway, and the width of the square groove is larger than that of the anchor rod tray;
step 2: drilling holes with the inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the anchor rod body are arranged in the square groove by a drilling machine, at least 3 drilling holes are arranged in the square groove, the drilling holes at the two ends are obliquely arranged in a splayed manner, and the drilling hole in the middle is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate; when the drill hole is drilled to a preset depth, the drill rod and the drill bit are drawn out of the drill hole, the anchor rod body is driven into the drill hole by a special drilling machine to carry out anchoring operation of single drill hole, the anchor rod body is naturally anchored with the inner side wall of the drill hole by the helical blade on the outer wall of the anchor rod body in the anchoring operation process, and when the anchoring operation is finished, a part of the drill hole is exposed from the free section of the anchor rod body;
and step 3: two reinforcing steel beams are arranged in the square groove, extend along the direction of the square groove and are respectively arranged at two sides of the drilled hole; sleeving the anchor rod tray outside the free section of the anchor rod body and abutting against the upper parts of the two reinforcement beams; sleeving a nut outside the free section of the anchor rod body in a thread fit manner, and abutting against the upper part of the anchor rod tray;
and 4, step 4: screwing the nut to apply prestress on the anchor rod body;
and 5: filling waste rocks in the roadway into gaps of the square grooves;
step 6: and (4) repeating the steps 1 to 5 at certain intervals according to the actual situation of the roadway until the bottom plate of the whole roadway is completely supported.
The method comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages that the square groove is excavated in the roadway bottom plate, the support of the anchor rod body is arranged in the square groove, the flatness of the roadway bottom plate is not affected, the step that the concrete is paved on the upper part of the bottom plate to level the bottom plate after the traditional support is omitted, the construction process is simplified, the method is high in practicability, and the economic benefit is obvious; the step of cleaning the hole is omitted after the hole is drilled, so that when the anchor rod body is driven, the spiral blade on the outer side of the anchor rod body can act with the wall of the drilled hole to generate rock debris, the rock debris generated in the drilling process and the rock debris generated in the process that the spiral blade acts on the wall of the hole can be effectively filled between the anchor rod body and the wall of the drilled hole, the spiral blade is effectively extruded, and the anchoring force of the anchor rod body can be obviously increased; meanwhile, the construction process can be further simplified, and the rapid and reliable support of the roadway is realized. Moreover, when the free end of the anchor rod body is fixed, two steel bar beams positioned at two sides of the drill hole are arranged below the anchor rod tray, and then prestress is applied to the free end, so that a row of independent anchoring bodies in the square groove can form a whole, the supporting strength and the supporting range are effectively increased, and the bottom heave of the roadway can be effectively prevented; meanwhile, the installation density of a single anchoring body is effectively reduced, and the construction cost and the labor intensity of workers are reduced. Finally, two drilling holes at two ends of the same square groove are arranged in a splayed manner, so that the extrusion force of two sides of the roadway on the bottom plate can be weakened, the deformation is effectively inhibited, and the control on the bottom plate is enabled to generate a remarkable effect.
Further, the number of the drill holes is 3-5, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged drill holes and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees. The included angle is 30-50 degrees, so that the extrusion of the two sides of the roadway on the bottom plate can be further weakened, the deformation is more effectively inhibited, and the control on the bottom plate is more remarkable.
Further, in step 2, when the depth of the drilled hole is greater than the length of the anchor rod body, an embedded coarse thread which is consistent with the spiral direction of the spiral blade is arranged in the axial cavity at the other end of the anchor rod body, and a plurality of anchor rod bodies are fixedly connected through the matching of the protruding coarse thread and the embedded coarse thread; when the anchor rod body is driven in, the rotating direction of the anchor rod body is controlled to be consistent with the spiral direction of the spiral blade. The direct screw thread concatenation that adopts between the stock body of rod, and the screw thread direction of rotation is unanimous with helical blade's direction of rotation, can make the connection between the stock body of rod more and more inseparable when the anchor, and then the anchor length that enables the stock body of rod does not receive the restriction of connecting quantity, has effectively increased the anchor effect.
Further, in order to effectively improve the anchoring force, slurry or anchoring agent is injected into the gap between the anchor rod body and the drilled hole by utilizing the axial cavity and the slurry outlet hole of the anchor rod body.
The anchor rod can be arranged on the basis of traditional floor heave control, the anchoring force can be effectively increased through rock debris generated by the anchor rod body and the hole wall, and then each anchoring body is connected into a whole through the steel bar beam, so that the base plate is controlled more stably. The method not only omits the step of cleaning the hole, but also utilizes the excavated square groove to ensure that the free section exposed out of the drilled hole does not influence the flatness of the roadway, and also omits the step of paving the concrete layer on the upper part of the bottom plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1 in the direction of roadway extension;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the anchor rod body in the anchoring state of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of the splice assembly between the anchor rods of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. nut, 2, protrusion coarse thread, 3, stock tray, 4, bottom plate, 5, reinforcing bar roof beam, 6, helical blade, 7, detritus, 8, drilling, 9, grout outlet, 10, tunnel, 11, the stock body of rod, 12, square groove, 13, embedded coarse thread.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a supporting structure for preventing floor heave of a roadway, including a plurality of square grooves 12 dug in a floor 4 of the roadway 10; the length direction of the square groove 12 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roadway 10, and the width of the square groove 12 is larger than that of the anchor rod tray 3;
a group of supporting units and a filling belt are arranged in each square groove 12;
the supporting unit comprises a plurality of drill holes 8, two steel bar beams 5, a plurality of anchor rod bodies 11 corresponding to the drill holes 8 in number, a plurality of anchor rod trays 3 corresponding to the anchor rod bodies 11 in number and nuts 1; the number of the drill holes 8 is not less than three, and the drill holes are distributed along the length direction of the square groove 12; the bores 8 at the two ends are arranged obliquely in a splayed manner, the bore 8 in the middle being arranged perpendicularly to the base plate 4; the two reinforcing steel bar beams 5 extend along the direction of the square groove 12 and are respectively arranged at two sides of the drilling hole 8; an axial cavity is arranged at the axis of the anchor rod body 11, a spiral blade 6 spirally wound on the surface of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body 11 is fixedly connected to the outside of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body 11, and a convex coarse thread 2 is arranged on the outside of the free section of the anchor rod body 11; the anchor rod body 11 is inserted into the drill hole 8, the helical blade 6 is abutted against the inner side wall of the drill hole 8, and the upper end of the free section is exposed outside the drill hole 8 after passing through the two steel bar beams 5; the anchor rod tray 3 is sleeved outside the upper end of the free section of the anchor rod body 11 at the upper parts of the two steel bar beams 5, and the nut 1 is sleeved outside the upper end of the free section of the anchor rod body 11 at the upper part of the anchor rod tray 3 through thread matching;
the filling band is filled in the space outside the retaining unit and fills the square groove 12.
Make two stock body of rod at one row of anchor body both ends in same square groove be the splayed slope each other and set up, the stock body of rod and the bottom plate at middle part set up perpendicularly mutually, vertical pulling force and outer oblique pulling force can be applyed down to the tunnel simultaneously, and be the splayed effect by two outer oblique pulling forces, therefore, vertical pulling force and outer horizontal pulling force can further be applyed down to the tunnel, can show and weaken the extrusion of two groups of tunnel to the bottom plate formation, effectively restrain the production of deformation, make the control to the bottom plate produce apparent effect, thereby can effectually carry out the all-round to the tunnel, reliably and stable strutting, the ability of strutting has greatly been improved. Through laying two reinforcing bars roof beam that are located drilling both sides in square groove, enable one row of anchor body and form a whole, and then can further effectively increase and strut intensity and strut the scope, can effectively prevent the production of tunnel pucking. Meanwhile, the supporting structure effectively reduces the installation density of a single anchoring body, and reduces the construction cost and the labor intensity of workers.
Preferably, the anchor rod body 11 has an outer diameter of 46mm, an inner diameter of 24mm, a length of 1600mm and a wall thickness of 8 mm; the depth of the square groove 12 is 200mm, and the width is 200 mm; the anchor tray 3 has dimensions of 150 x 10 mm; the length of the part of the anchor rod body 11 exposed outside the drill hole 8 is more than 80mm and less than 200 mm; the inner diameter of the nut 1 is 30mm, the thickness is 8mm, and the height is 20 mm; the reinforcing steel bar beam 5 is made of solid steel, the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar beam is 20mm, and the length of the reinforcing steel bar beam is smaller than that of the square groove 12.
The other end of the anchor rod body 11 is provided with an embedded coarse thread 13 in the axial cavity, and the embedded coarse thread 13, the protruding coarse thread 2 and the helical blade 6 are consistent in helical direction. Through making the screw direction unanimous, can be through special rig anchor the stock body of rod in-process, make two stock bodies of rod of concatenation mutually connect more and more inseparable through screw-thread fit, and then enable the anchor length of the stock body of rod not receive the restriction of connecting quantity, effectively increased the anchor effect.
In order to ensure the bearing strength and the supporting force, the wall thickness of the convex coarse thread 2 and the embedded coarse thread 13 is half of that of the anchor rod body 11.
In order to facilitate grouting operation in the later period, at least one grout outlet hole 9 communicating the axial cavity with the external space is formed in the anchoring section of the anchor rod body 11 in the radial direction.
In order to improve the supporting strength, the number of the drill holes 8 is 3-5, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged drill holes 8 and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees.
In order to fill the waste rocks in the roadway by fully utilizing the waste rocks, the waste rocks can be processed simultaneously while the resources are saved, and the filling belt is composed of a plurality of waste rocks.
The invention also provides a supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave, which comprises an anchor rod body 11, wherein an axial cavity is arranged at the axis of the anchor rod body 11, a spiral blade 6 spirally wound on the surface of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body 11 is fixedly connected to the outside of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body 11, and a convex coarse thread 2 is arranged on the outside of the free section of the anchor rod body 11;
further comprising the steps of:
step 1: a square groove 12 with a certain depth is dug in the bottom plate 4 of the roadway 10, the direction of the square groove 12 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roadway 10, and the width of the square groove 12 is larger than that of the anchor rod tray 3;
step 2: drilling holes 8 with the inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the anchor rod body 11 are formed in the square groove 12 by a drilling machine, at least 3 drilling holes 8 are distributed in the square groove 12, the drilling holes 8 at two ends are obliquely arranged in a splayed manner, and the drilling hole 8 in the middle is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate 4; after the drill hole 8 is drilled to a preset depth, the drill rod and the drill bit are drawn out of the drill hole 8, the anchor rod body 11 is driven into the drill hole 8 by a special drilling machine to carry out anchoring operation of a single drill hole 8, the anchor rod body 11 is naturally anchored with the inner side wall of the drill hole 8 by the helical blade 6 on the outer wall of the anchor rod body 11 in the anchoring operation process, and when the anchoring operation is finished, a free section of the anchor rod body 11 is exposed out of one part of the drill hole 8;
and step 3: two reinforcing steel beams 5 are arranged in the square groove 12, and the two reinforcing steel beams 5 extend along the direction of the square groove 12 and are respectively arranged at two sides of the drill hole 8; sleeving the anchor rod tray 3 outside the free section of the anchor rod body 11 and abutting against the upper parts of the two reinforcement beams 5; the nut 1 is sleeved outside the free section of the anchor rod body 11 through thread matching and is abutted against the upper part of the anchor rod tray 3;
and 4, step 4: screwing down the nut 1 to apply prestress on the anchor rod body 11;
and 5: filling waste rocks in the roadway 10 into gaps of the square grooves 12;
step 6: and (3) repeating the steps 1 to 5 at certain intervals according to the actual situation of the roadway until the supporting of the bottom plate 4 of the whole roadway 10 is finished.
The method has the advantages that the square groove is excavated in the roadway bottom plate, the support of the anchor rod body is arranged in the square groove, the flatness of the roadway bottom plate is not affected, the step that the concrete is paved on the upper part of the bottom plate to level the bottom plate after the traditional support is omitted, the construction process is simplified, the method is high in practicability, and the economic benefit is obvious; the step of cleaning the hole is omitted after the hole is drilled, so that when the anchor rod body is driven, the spiral blade on the outer side of the anchor rod body can act with the wall of the drilled hole to generate rock debris, the rock debris generated in the drilling process and the rock debris 7 generated in the process that the spiral blade acts on the wall of the hole can be effectively filled between the anchor rod body and the wall of the drilled hole to effectively extrude the spiral blade, and further, the anchoring force of the anchor rod body can be obviously increased; meanwhile, the construction process can be further simplified, and the rapid and reliable support of the roadway is realized. Moreover, when the free end of the anchor rod body is fixed, two steel bar beams positioned at two sides of the drill hole are arranged below the anchor rod tray, and then prestress is applied to the free end, so that a row of independent anchoring bodies in the square groove can form a whole, the supporting strength and the supporting range are effectively increased, and the bottom heave of the roadway can be effectively prevented; meanwhile, the installation density of a single anchoring body is effectively reduced, and the construction cost and the labor intensity of workers are reduced. Finally, two drilling holes at two ends of the same square groove are arranged in a splayed manner, so that the extrusion force of two sides of the roadway on the bottom plate can be weakened, the deformation is effectively inhibited, and the control on the bottom plate is enabled to generate a remarkable effect.
The number of the drill holes 8 is 3-5, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged drill holes 8 and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees. The included angle is 30-50 degrees, so that the extrusion of the two sides of the roadway on the bottom plate can be further weakened, the deformation is more effectively inhibited, and the control on the bottom plate is more remarkable.
In step 2, when the depth of the drill hole 8 is greater than the length of the anchor rod body 11, an embedded coarse thread 13 which is consistent with the spiral direction of the spiral blade 6 is arranged in the axial cavity at the other end of the anchor rod body 11, and the anchor rod bodies 11 are fixedly connected through the matching of the protruding coarse thread 2 and the embedded coarse thread 13; when the anchor rod body 11 is driven, the rotation direction of the anchor rod body 11 is controlled to be consistent with the spiral direction of the spiral blade 6. The direct screw thread concatenation that adopts between the stock body of rod, and the screw thread direction of rotation is unanimous with helical blade's direction of rotation, can make the connection between the stock body of rod more and more inseparable when the anchor, and then the anchor length that enables the stock body of rod does not receive the restriction of connecting quantity, has effectively increased the anchor effect.
In order to increase the anchoring force more effectively, grout or anchoring agent is injected into the gap between the anchor rod body 11 and the borehole 8 by means of the axial cavity of the anchor rod body 11 and the grout outlet 9.
The anchor rod can be arranged on the basis of traditional floor heave control, the anchoring force can be effectively increased through rock debris generated by the anchor rod body and the hole wall, and then each anchoring body is connected into a whole through the steel bar beam, so that the base plate is controlled more stably. The method not only omits the step of cleaning the hole, but also utilizes the excavated square groove to ensure that the free section exposed out of the drilled hole does not influence the flatness of the roadway, and also omits the step of paving the concrete layer on the upper part of the bottom plate.
Claims (10)
1. A supporting structure for preventing floor heave of a roadway comprises a plurality of square grooves (12) dug in a bottom plate (4) of the roadway (10); the anchor rod tray is characterized in that the length direction of the square groove (12) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roadway (10), and the width of the square groove (12) is larger than that of the anchor rod tray (3);
a group of supporting units and a filling belt are arranged in each square groove (12);
the supporting unit comprises a plurality of drill holes (8), two steel bar beams (5), a plurality of anchor rod bodies (11) corresponding to the number of the drill holes (8), a plurality of anchor rod trays (3) corresponding to the number of the anchor rod bodies (11) and nuts (1); the number of the drill holes (8) is not less than three, and the drill holes are distributed along the length direction of the square groove (12); the drill holes (8) at the two end parts are obliquely arranged in a splayed shape, and the drill hole (8) at the middle part is arranged vertical to the bottom plate (4); the two reinforcing steel bar beams (5) extend along the direction of the square groove (12) and are respectively arranged at two sides of the drill hole (8); an axial cavity is arranged at the axis of the anchor rod body (11), a spiral blade (6) spirally wound on the surface of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body (11) is fixedly connected to the outside of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body, and a convex coarse thread (2) is arranged on the outside of the free section of the anchor rod body (11); the anchor rod body (11) is inserted into the drill hole (8), the helical blade (6) is abutted against the inner side wall of the drill hole (8), and the upper end of the free section is exposed outside the drill hole (8) after penetrating through the two steel bar beams (5); the anchor rod tray (3) is sleeved outside the upper end of the free section of the anchor rod body (11) at the upper parts of the two steel bar beams (5), and the nut (1) is sleeved outside the upper end of the free section of the anchor rod body (11) at the upper part of the anchor rod tray (3) through thread matching;
the filling belt is filled in the space outside the support unit and fills the square groove (12).
2. The support structure for preventing roadway floor heave according to claim 1, characterized in that the other end of the anchor rod body (11) is provided with an embedded coarse thread (13) in the axial cavity, and the spiral directions of the embedded coarse thread (13), the protruding coarse thread (2) and the helical blade (6) are consistent.
3. The support structure for preventing floor heave of a roadway according to claim 2, wherein the wall thickness of the convex coarse thread (2) and the embedded coarse thread (13) is half of the wall thickness of the anchor rod body (11).
4. A support structure for preventing floor heave in a roadway according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the anchoring section of the bolt body (11) is provided with at least one grout outlet (9) in the radial direction for communicating the axial cavity with the external space.
5. The support structure for preventing floor heave of a roadway according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the drill holes (8) is 3-5, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged drill holes (8) and a vertical plane is 30-50 degrees.
6. The support structure for preventing floor heave of a roadway according to claim 5, wherein the filling band is composed of a plurality of pieces of gangue.
7. A supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave is characterized by comprising an anchor rod body (11), wherein an axial cavity is arranged at the axis of the anchor rod body (11), a spiral blade (6) spirally wound on the surface of an anchoring section of the anchor rod body (11) is fixedly connected to the outside of the anchoring section of the anchor rod body (11), and a protruding coarse thread (2) is arranged on the outside of a free section of the anchor rod body (11);
further comprising the steps of:
step 1: a square groove (12) with a certain depth is dug on a bottom plate (4) of the roadway (10), the direction of the square groove (12) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the roadway (10), and the width of the square groove (12) is larger than that of the anchor rod tray (3);
step 2: drilling holes (8) with the inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the anchor rod body (11) are formed in the square groove (12) by a drilling machine, at least 3 drilling holes (8) are distributed in the square groove (12), the drilling holes (8) at the two ends are obliquely arranged in a splayed manner, and the drilling hole (8) in the middle is perpendicular to the bottom plate (4); when the drill hole (8) is drilled to a preset depth, the drill rod and the drill bit are drawn out from the drill hole (8), the anchor rod body (11) is driven into the drill hole (8) by a special drilling machine to carry out anchoring operation of a single drill hole (8), in the anchoring operation process, the anchor rod body (11) is naturally anchored with the inner side wall of the drill hole (8) by virtue of the helical blade (6) on the outer wall of the anchor rod body, and when the anchoring operation is finished, the free section of the anchor rod body (11) is exposed out of one part of the drill hole (8);
and step 3: two reinforcing steel beams (5) are arranged in the square groove (12), and the two reinforcing steel beams (5) extend along the direction of the square groove (12) and are respectively arranged at two sides of the drill hole (8); sleeving the anchor rod tray (3) outside the free section of the anchor rod body (11) and abutting against the upper parts of the two reinforcement beams (5); sleeving a nut (1) outside a free section of an anchor rod body (11) in a thread fit manner, and abutting against the upper part of an anchor rod tray (3);
and 4, step 4: screwing down the nut (1) to apply prestress on the anchor rod body (11);
and 5: filling waste rocks in the roadway (10) into gaps of the square grooves (12);
step 6: and (3) repeating the steps 1 to 5 at certain intervals according to the actual situation of the roadway until the supporting of the bottom plate (4) of the whole roadway (10) is finished.
8. The support method for preventing roadway floor heave according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of the drill holes (8) is 3-5, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged drill holes (8) and a vertical plane is 30-50 degrees.
9. The support method for preventing roadway floor heave according to claim 8, characterized in that in step 2, when the depth of the drilled hole (8) is greater than the length of the anchor rod body (11), an embedded coarse thread (13) which is consistent with the spiral direction of the spiral blade (6) is arranged in the axial cavity at the other end of the anchor rod body (11), and a plurality of anchor rod bodies (11) are fixedly connected through the matching of the protruding coarse thread (2) and the embedded coarse thread (13); when the anchor rod body (11) is driven in, the rotating direction of the anchor rod body (11) is controlled to be consistent with the spiral direction of the spiral blade (6).
10. A support method for preventing roadway heaving as claimed in claim 9, wherein the axial cavity of the bolt body (11) and the grout outlet (9) are used to inject grout or anchoring agent into the gap between the bolt body (11) and the borehole (8).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911036699.6A CN111022095A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave |
| PCT/CN2020/091711 WO2021082410A1 (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2020-05-22 | Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor from heaving |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911036699.6A CN111022095A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111022095A true CN111022095A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN201911036699.6A Pending CN111022095A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor heave |
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| WO (1) | WO2021082410A1 (en) |
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| CN112177521A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for controlling floor heave of roadway through pulse operation |
| WO2021082410A1 (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Supporting structure and supporting method for preventing roadway floor from heaving |
| CN113833508A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-24 | 山东大学 | Splicing type sectional measurement anchor rod and working method |
| CN115288470A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江科技学院 | Hollow grouting anchoring assembly and anchoring method for notch grooves in prestressed tailless hole wall at top of stone cave temple |
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| CN116480367B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-07-09 | 国能经济技术研究院有限责任公司 | Construction method of integral type leveling reinforcement structure of roadway floor |
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| WO2021082410A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
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