CN111014931B - Explosion cladding method for tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate - Google Patents
Explosion cladding method for tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014931B CN111014931B CN201911372575.5A CN201911372575A CN111014931B CN 111014931 B CN111014931 B CN 111014931B CN 201911372575 A CN201911372575 A CN 201911372575A CN 111014931 B CN111014931 B CN 111014931B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
- B23K20/08—Explosive welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to an explosion cladding method of a tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate, which comprises the following steps: selecting a hard and flat soil area, paving yellow sand, and leveling to serve as a foundation; the steel plate is placed on the foundation, and the first supporting pieces are uniformly placed on the upper surface of the steel plate; placing a titanium plate on the first supporting piece, and placing a second supporting piece on the upper surface of the titanium plate; placing the zirconium plate on the second support piece, and placing a third support piece on the upper surface of the zirconium plate; placing the tantalum plate on a third support member, and coating a protective layer on the upper surface of the tantalum plate; laying an explosive layer on the protective layer, laying a No. 2 rock emulsion explosive at the position except the center of the tantalum plate, and laying a No. 1 rock emulsion explosive at the other positions; and (4) placing the detonator in the center of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive to perform explosion compounding operation. The joint rate and the shear strength of the composite plate meet the requirements of ASTM B898 Standard of active and difficult-to-accommodate metal composite plates, the joint rate reaches more than 99 percent, and the minimum shear strength taub≥140Mpa。
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite board manufacturing, and particularly relates to an explosion cladding method of a tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion composite board.
Background
The metal tantalum is a light grey metal which is slightly blue, has a wide application field due to a plurality of exotic characteristics, has very hard texture and can reach the hardness of 6-6.5. Its melting point is as high as 2996 deg.C, and is second to tungsten and rhenium, and is third. Tantalum is ductile and can be drawn into a filament or formed into a thin foil. The coefficient of thermal expansion is small, expanding only six millionths of a million for every degree centigrade rise. In addition, it has a strong toughness, superior to copper. Tantalum also has very good chemical properties and very high corrosion resistance. Under both cold and hot conditions, there is no reaction to hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid and "aqua regia". When tantalum is soaked in sulfuric acid at 200 ℃ for one year, the surface layer is damaged by 0.006 mm. Experiments prove that the tantalum does not act on alkaline solution, chlorine, bromine water, dilute sulfuric acid and other various medicaments at all times, and only reacts under the action of hydrofluoric acid and hot concentrated sulfuric acid. Such a situation is relatively rare in metals. The characteristics of tantalum make its application field very wide. In equipment for preparing various inorganic acids, tantalum can be used for replacing stainless steel, and the service life of the equipment can be prolonged by dozens of times compared with that of the stainless steel. In addition, in chemical, electronic and electrical industries, tantalum can replace the tasks which need to be undertaken by precious metal platinum in the past, so that the required cost is greatly reduced.
At present, most of domestic tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive composite plates are imported from foreign countries, so that the tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive composite plates are not beneficial to popularization and application of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive composite plate equipment in China, and are not beneficial to development of national industry. Therefore, independent innovation is needed, and a manufacturing process of the large-area tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion composite plate is developed, which has important significance for reducing the manufacturing cost of equipment and shortening the manufacturing period of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides an explosion cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion cladding plates.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an explosion cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting the steel plate, the titanium plate, the zirconium plate and the tantalum plate according to the required sizes, and polishing the upper surface of the steel plate, the lower surface of the tantalum plate, the upper surface and the lower surface of the titanium plate and the upper surface and the lower surface of the zirconium plate;
s2: selecting a hard and flat soil area, paving yellow sand, and leveling to serve as a foundation;
s3: placing a steel plate on the foundation, and removing redundant yellow sand around the steel plate;
s4: cleaning the upper surface of the steel plate to ensure cleanliness, and uniformly placing a first supporting piece on the upper surface of the steel plate;
s5: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the titanium plate, ensuring that no attachment exists on the surface of the titanium plate, placing the titanium plate on a first supporting piece, and placing a second supporting piece on the upper surface of the titanium plate;
s6: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the zirconium plate to ensure that no attachment exists on the surface of the zirconium plate, placing the zirconium plate on the second supporting piece, and placing the third supporting piece on the upper surface of the zirconium plate;
s7: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the tantalum plate to ensure that no attachment exists on the surface of the tantalum plate, placing the tantalum plate on a third support member, and then coating a protective layer on the upper surface of the tantalum plate;
s8: laying an explosive layer on the protective layer, laying a No. 2 rock emulsion explosive at the position except the center of the tantalum plate, and laying a No. 1 rock emulsion explosive at the other positions;
s9: and (4) placing the detonator in the center of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive to perform explosion compounding operation.
Preferably, the thickness of the yellow sand paved in the step S2 is 50-55 mm.
Preferably, the height of the first support in step S4 is 10 ± 0.2mm and the distance between two adjacent first supports in each row and each column is 300 mm.
Preferably, the height of the second supporting member in step S5 is 10 ± 0.2mm, the second supporting member is offset from the first supporting member by 100mm in horizontal distance except for one circle, and the distance between two adjacent second supporting members in each row and each column is 300 mm.
Preferably, the height of the third supporting member in step S6 is 12 ± 0.2mm at both ends of the upper surface of the zirconium plate, and the height of the remaining region is 10 ± 0.2mm, except for one circle of the periphery, the third supporting member and the second supporting member are placed in a staggered manner by 100mm in the horizontal distance, and the position of the third supporting member in the vertical direction does not coincide with the first supporting member; and the distance between two adjacent third supporting pieces in each row and each column is 300 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the explosive layer in the step S8 is 68-72mm, the width of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive is 19-21mm, and the length of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive is the same as that of the composite plate.
Preferably, the first support member, the second support member and the third support member are made of copper or iron.
Preferably, the protective layer is one of vaseline, butter and engine oil.
The explosion cladding of the large-area tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate is characterized in that a tantalum plate is used as a first layer contacting with a corrosive medium, a zirconium plate and a titanium plate play a transition role, namely a second layer and a third layer, and a steel plate is used as a fourth layer for bearing load. In the explosion cladding process, the compound plate moves towards the substrate in an accelerated manner in sequence under the action of explosive energy and forms a certain bending angle, so that the effective combination between the substrate and the compound plate can be formed. Because four layers of metal are compounded, the bending angle is difficult to form in the explosion compounding process, and therefore, the static parameters need to adopt large gaps and small dosage. However, practice proves that the effect of using large-gap and small-dosage is not obvious for some overlong (the length is more than 4M). Because the explosion process can produce the efflux to carry out self-cleaning to base, compound board surface for fresh metal combines, but the efflux material is more and more behind the board width of cloth is too big, just can not get rid of totally to the efflux material behind both ends, and partial efflux just is restrained in the bonding region, leads to both ends bonding strength poor or even not laminating. Therefore, the explosive with high detonation velocity is continuously laid on the zirconium plate along the long edge direction in the explosive distributing mode by adopting the wire detonation mode so as to change the moving direction of the jet flow and discharge the explosive to the wide edge, thereby shortening the moving distance of the jet flow in the junction area and avoiding the jet flow from being restricted in the junction area. When base plate, transition board, compound board installation support clearance, the limit support clearance between tantalum board and the zirconium material is slightly bigger than in the middle of, also provides more unobstructed passageway for the efflux that reaches the limit like this, also can avoid both ends efflux to pile up simultaneously. Therefore, the large-area tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion composite plate with the plate width size of 4000mm x 2000mm (L x W) is produced by adopting end small-angle installation and wire detonation method for one-time explosion composite.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion composite plate has the advantages that the bonding rate and the shear strength meet the standard requirements of ASTMB898 active and difficult-to-hold metal composite plates, the requirements of the development of the industries such as domestic chemical industry and the like are met, the bonding rate reaches more than 99 percent, and the minimum shear strength tau isb≥140Mpa。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the explosive installation of the present invention, viewed from the front;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the explosive installation of the present invention from the side;
in the reference symbols: 1-foundation, 2-steel plate, 3-first supporting piece, 4-titanium plate, 5-second supporting piece, 6-zirconium plate, 7-third supporting piece, 8-tantalum plate, 9-protective layer, 10-1# rock emulsion explosive, 11-2# rock emulsion explosive and 12-detonator.
Detailed Description
An explosion cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting the steel plate 2, the titanium plate, the zirconium plate 6 and the tantalum plate 8 according to the required sizes, and polishing the upper surface of the steel plate 2, the lower surface of the tantalum plate 8, the upper surface and the lower surface of the titanium plate and the upper surface and the lower surface of the zirconium plate 6;
s2: selecting a hard and flat soil area, paving yellow sand, and leveling to obtain a foundation 1;
wherein the thickness of the yellow sand is 50 mm.
S3: the steel plate 2 is placed on the foundation 1, and redundant yellow sand around the steel plate 2 is removed;
s4: cleaning the upper surface of the steel plate 2 to ensure cleanliness, and uniformly placing a first support piece on the upper surface;
wherein the height of the first support is 10mm and the distance between two adjacent first supports in each row and each column is 300 mm.
S5: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the titanium plate, ensuring that no attachment exists on the surface of the titanium plate, placing the titanium plate on a first support member, and placing a second support member 5 on the upper surface of the titanium plate;
the height of the second supporting member 5 is 10mm, except for one circle around, the second supporting member 5 and the first supporting member are staggered by 100mm on the horizontal distance, and the distance between two adjacent second supporting members 5 in each row and each column is 300 mm.
S6: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the zirconium plate 6 to ensure that no attachment exists on the surface of the zirconium plate 6, placing the zirconium plate 6 on the second support member 5, and placing the third support member 7 on the upper surface of the zirconium plate 6;
the height of the third support piece 7 at two ends of the upper surface of the zirconium plate 6 is 12mm, the height of the rest areas is 10mm, the third support piece 7 and the second support piece 5 are staggered by 100mm on the horizontal distance except for one circle of periphery, and the position of the third support piece 7 in the vertical direction is not overlapped with the first support piece; and the distance between two adjacent third supports 7 in each row and each column is 300 mm.
The material of the first support member, the second support member 5, and the third support member 7 may be copper or iron.
S7: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the tantalum plate 8 to ensure that no attachment exists on the surface of the tantalum plate 8, placing the tantalum plate 8 on the third support member 7, and then coating a protective layer 9 on the upper surface of the tantalum plate 8;
the protective layer 9 may be selected from vaseline, butter, engine oil, and the like, and is various in types, not limited to the above three types.
S8: laying an explosive layer on the protective layer 9, laying a No. 2 rock emulsion explosive 11 at the central position of the tantalum plate 8, and laying a No. 1 rock emulsion explosive 10 at the rest positions;
wherein, the thickness of explosive layer is 70mm, 2# rock emulsion explosive 11's width is 20mm, 2# rock emulsion explosive 11's length is unanimous with the length of composite sheet, and 2# rock emulsion explosive 11's height also is 70mm, and in actual operation, 2# rock emulsion explosive 11 more is trapezoidal, and the width below is 20mm, and the width above is greater than 20 mm.
S9: and placing a detonator 12 in the center of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive 11, and performing explosive cladding operation to obtain the large-area tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive composite plate with the plate width size of 4000mm x 2000mm (L x W). The compound plate has a joint rate of more than 99 percent and a minimum shear strength taub≥140Mpa。
Claims (6)
1. An explosion cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosion clad plate is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: cutting the steel plate, the titanium plate, the zirconium plate and the tantalum plate according to the required sizes, and polishing the upper surface of the steel plate, the lower surface of the tantalum plate, the upper surface and the lower surface of the titanium plate and the upper surface and the lower surface of the zirconium plate;
s2: selecting a hard and flat soil area, paving yellow sand, and leveling to serve as a foundation;
s3: placing a steel plate on the foundation, and removing redundant yellow sand around the steel plate;
s4: cleaning the upper surface of the steel plate to ensure cleanliness, and uniformly placing a first supporting piece on the upper surface of the steel plate;
s5: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of a titanium plate, ensuring that no attachments exist on the surface of the titanium plate, placing the titanium plate on a first support member, placing a second support member on the upper surface of the titanium plate, wherein the height of the second support member is 10 +/-0.2 mm, the second support member and the first support member are staggered by 100mm in horizontal distance except for one circle around, and the distance between two adjacent second support members in each row and each column is 300 mm;
s6: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the zirconium plate, ensuring that no attachments exist on the surface of the zirconium plate, placing the zirconium plate on a second support member, placing a third support member on the upper surface of the zirconium plate, wherein the heights of the third support member at two ends of the upper surface of the zirconium plate are 12 +/-0.2 mm, the heights of the rest areas are 10 +/-0.2 mm, the third support member and the second support member are staggered by 100mm in horizontal distance except for one circle of the periphery, and the vertical position of the third support member is not coincident with that of the first support member; and the distance between two adjacent third supporting pieces in each row and each column is 300 mm;
s7: cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the tantalum plate to ensure that no attachment exists on the surface of the tantalum plate, placing the tantalum plate on a third support member, and then coating a protective layer on the upper surface of the tantalum plate;
s8: laying an explosive layer on the protective layer, laying a No. 2 rock emulsion explosive at the position except the center of the tantalum plate, and laying a No. 1 rock emulsion explosive at the other positions;
s9: and (4) placing the detonator in the center of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive to perform explosion compounding operation.
2. The explosive cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive cladding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the yellow sand paved in the step S2 is 50-55 mm.
3. The explosive cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive cladding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the first support in step S4 is 10 ± 0.2mm and the distance between two adjacent first supports in each row and each column is 300 mm.
4. The explosive cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive cladding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S8, the thickness of the explosive layer is 68-72mm, the width of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive is 19-21mm, and the length of the No. 2 rock emulsion explosive is the same as that of the composite plate.
5. The explosive cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive cladding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first supporting piece, the second supporting piece and the third supporting piece are made of copper or iron.
6. The explosive cladding method of tantalum/zirconium/titanium/steel explosive cladding plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective layer is one of vaseline, butter and engine oil.
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Denomination of invention: An explosive composite method of tantalum / zirconium / titanium / steel explosive composite plate Effective date of registration: 20220718 Granted publication date: 20220111 Pledgee: Xuancheng SME Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ANHUI BAOTAI COMPOSITE MATERIALS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980010657 |
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