CN111014877A - Method for welding titanium alloy ingot casting in furnace - Google Patents
Method for welding titanium alloy ingot casting in furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014877A CN111014877A CN201911216787.4A CN201911216787A CN111014877A CN 111014877 A CN111014877 A CN 111014877A CN 201911216787 A CN201911216787 A CN 201911216787A CN 111014877 A CN111014877 A CN 111014877A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy ingot smelting, and particularly relates to a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot in a furnace, which provides specific parameters of welding time, current, voltage, arc stabilization and the like when the titanium alloy ingot with the specification of phi 450 mm-phi 650mm is welded in the furnace, so that the stability and reliability of the welding process in the furnace are ensured. The original welding method for adjusting the welding parameters in real time by depending on the experience of operators is optimized into the method for completing the welding by directly inputting the parameters by operators, thereby improving the quality of the welding seam, reducing the labor intensity and ensuring the stability of the melting speed when the welding seam is melted. The method is simple in operability, easy to implement, free of influence of experience difference of personnel, and capable of being completed step by the equipment according to instructions, and the quality of the welding seam is very stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy ingot casting smelting, and particularly relates to a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting in a furnace.
Background
The titanium alloy has the advantages of high specific strength (strength/density), good high-temperature performance, excellent corrosion resistance, excellent fatigue performance, excellent fracture toughness and the like, is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, medical treatment, ships and warships and the like, and has certain application in the aspects of bicycles, household appliances and the like in recent years. At present, the titanium alloy is smelted mainly by a vacuum consumable arc furnace (VAR) in the world. For titanium alloy for aerospace, three times of smelting is generally adopted in the smelting process, and the specific process route is as follows: the method comprises the steps of mixing intermediate alloy → pressing an electrode block → assembling and splicing the electrode block → welding a consumable electrode → one-time VAR smelting → head flash cutting → one-time assembling and welding in an ingot furnace → two-time VAR smelting → head flash cutting → two-time assembling and welding in the ingot furnace → finished product VAR smelting → machine-added stripping → saw-cut riser.
In the process route of titanium alloy production, the assembly welding in the furnace is always a crucial step, and the quality of welding directly influences whether the smelting process can be safely carried out. Reasonable welding parameters can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the melting speed when the overwelded seam is melted on the premise of ensuring the welding strength, ensure the stability of the melting process, and is one of the necessary conditions for producing high-quality titanium alloy ingots.
At present, in order to ensure the quality of welding in the furnace, titanium alloy enterprises generally select operators with skillful welding techniques to perform special welding in the furnace in a long-term oriented culture mode or a technology-specific preferred mode. Although the stability of welding quality is ensured to a certain extent, the culture takes a long time and the transmissibility is poor.
Different operators use different parameters such as time, current, voltage, arc stabilization and the like to weld in the furnace according to own working experience, so that the welding quality in the furnace is easy to be uneven. This welding method of performing welding parameters by personal experience is very likely to cause instability in weld beading size, weld beading area, weld bead appearance quality, and weld bead strength. The instability of welding quality can cause the fluctuation of the melting speed when the welding seam is melted, the fluctuation value of the fluctuation value often exceeds 1kg/min, the defects of segregation and the like are easily formed, and the production of high-quality titanium alloy ingots is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for welding in a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace, which definitely gives parameters such as current, voltage, arc stabilization, time and the like in the welding process, ensures the stability and reliability of the welding process, improves the stability of the welding quality and reduces the fluctuation of the welding speed when a welding seam is passed in the melting process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing flat head processing on the titanium alloy ingot;
2) assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a crucible, and then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station to seal the furnace;
3) opening a vacuum system, vacuumizing until the vacuum value reaches below 5Pa and the leakage rate reaches below 1.2Pa/min, and preparing for welding in the furnace;
4) setting the arc starting current of welding to be 4.0-5.0KA, setting the voltage to be 24.0-28.0V and setting the arc stabilizing current to be 8.0-20.0A;
5) turning on the power supply of the equipment to prepare for arc striking;
6) gradually inputting current, voltage and arc stabilizing parameters to equipment;
7) observing arc light in the furnace and the condition of a molten pool, and pressing the electrode rod to weld when the molten pool phenomenon is obvious;
8) cooling, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
9) and finishing welding and smelting.
Furthermore, the specification of the titanium alloy ingot is phi 450 mm-phi 650 mm.
Further, the crucible in the step 2) is a copper crucible.
Further, the arcing current in the step 4) is 4.0-5.0KA, the voltage is set to be 24.0-25.0V, and the arc stabilizing current is 8.0-12.0A.
Further, the cooling time in the step 8) is more than or equal to 30 min.
Further, the fluctuation of the melting speed at the welding seam in the melting process in the step 9) is not more than 0.5 kg/min.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: specific parameters such as welding time, current, voltage, arc stabilization and the like are given when titanium alloy ingots with the specification of phi 450 mm-phi 650mm are welded in a furnace, and the stability and reliability of the welding process in the furnace are ensured. The original welding method for adjusting the welding parameters in real time by depending on the experience of operators is optimized into the method for completing the welding by directly inputting the parameters by operators, thereby improving the quality of the welding seam, reducing the labor intensity and ensuring the stability of the melting speed when the welding seam is melted. The method is simple in operability, easy to implement, free of influence of experience difference of personnel, and capable of being completed step by the equipment according to instructions, and the quality of the welding seam is very stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a quality diagram of a weld of a titanium alloy ingot provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a quality diagram of a weld of a titanium alloy ingot provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a quality chart of a weld of a titanium alloy ingot provided in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a quality chart of a weld of a titanium alloy ingot provided in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of the melting rate fluctuation at the weld joints of titanium alloy ingots according to examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, which were verified for 10 heats.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:
example (b):
the invention provides a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
1) performing flat head processing on the titanium alloy ingot;
2) assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a crucible, and then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station to seal the furnace;
3) opening a vacuum system, vacuumizing until the vacuum value reaches below 5Pa and the leakage rate reaches below 1.2Pa/min, and preparing for welding in the furnace;
4) setting the arc starting current of welding to be 4.0-5.0KA, setting the voltage to be 24.0-25.0V and setting the arc stabilizing current to be 8.0-12.0A;
5) turning on the power supply of the equipment and starting arcing;
6) gradually inputting current, voltage and arc stabilizing parameters to equipment;
7) observing arc light in the furnace and the condition of a molten pool, and pressing the electrode rod to weld when the molten pool phenomenon is obvious;
8) cooling, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
9) and finishing welding and smelting.
Furthermore, the specification of the titanium alloy ingot is phi 450 mm-phi 650 mm.
Further, the crucible in step 2) is a copper crucible.
Further, the arcing current in the step 4) is 4.5KA, the voltage is set to be 24.5V, and the arc stabilizing current is 8.0A.
Further, the specific process parameters in step 6) are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 welding technological parameters in Ti alloy ingot casting furnace with phi 450 mm-phi 650mm specification
| Time/min | Current/KA | voltage/V | Arc stabilization/ |
| 0 | 4.0～5.0 | 24.0～25.0 | 8～12 |
| 1 | 4.5～5.0 | 24.0～25.0 | 8～12 |
| 2 | 5.0～5.5 | 24.0～26.0 | 8～12 |
| 3 | 5.0～5.5 | 24.5～26.0 | 12～15 |
| 4 | 6.0～7.0 | 25.0～27.0 | 12～15 |
| 5 | 6.0～7.0 | 25.0～27.0 | 12～15 |
| 6 | 6.0～7.0 | 25.0～27.0 | 12～15 |
| 7 | 6.0～7.0 | 25.0～27.0 | 12～15 |
| 8 | 6.0～7.0 | 25.0～27.0 | 12～15 |
| 9 | 6.0～7.0 | 25.0～27.0 | 12～15 |
| 10 | 7.5～10.0 | 25.5～27.5 | 12～18 |
| 11 | 8.0～11.0 | 25.5～27.5 | 12～18 |
| 12 | 8.5～11.0 | 25.5～27.5 | 12～18 |
| 13 | 9.0～11.0 | 25.5～27.5 | 12～18 |
| 14 | 9.5～11.5 | 25.5～27.5 | 12～18 |
| 15 | 10.0～12.0 | 26.0～28.5 | 15～20 |
| 16 | 10.5～13.0 | 26.0～28.5 | 15～20 |
| 17 | 11.0～14.0 | 26.0～28.5 | 15～20 |
| 18 | 11.5～14.5 | 26.0～28.5 | 15～20 |
| 19 | 12.0～16.0 | 26.0～28.5 | 15～20 |
| 20 | 12.0～16.0 | 26.0～28.5 | 15～20 |
Further, the cooling time in step 8) was 40 min.
Further, the fluctuation of the melting speed at the welding seam in the melting process in the step 9) is not more than 0.5 kg/min.
Example 1:
the invention provides a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
step one, performing flat head processing on TC4 cast ingots with the diameter of phi 450 mm;
assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a copper crucible, then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station, and performing furnace sealing operation;
opening a vacuum system to evacuate at a computer control interface, wherein the vacuum value is less than 5Pa, the leakage rate is less than 1.2Pa/min, and the furnace is prepared for welding;
setting the arc starting current of welding to be 4KA, the voltage to be 24V and the arc stabilizing to be 10A in a program;
step five, turning on a power supply of the equipment, and starting arcing;
step six, gradually inputting parameters including current, voltage and arc stabilization into the equipment according to the table 2, and observing arc light change in the furnace;
step seven, observing arc light and molten pool conditions by focusing attention, wherein the molten pool is obvious in 13min, and immediately pressing down an electrode rod for welding;
step eight, after cooling for 40min, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
step nine, welding is completed, and smelting is prepared by referring to fig. 1.
TABLE 2 TC4 welding process parameter input for phi 450mm specification
Example 2:
the invention provides a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
step one, performing flat head processing on TC4 cast ingots with the diameter of phi 650 mm;
assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a copper crucible, then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station, and performing furnace sealing operation;
opening a vacuum system to evacuate at a computer control interface, wherein the vacuum value is less than 5Pa, the leakage rate is less than 1.2Pa/min, and the furnace is prepared for welding;
step four, setting the arc starting current of welding to be 5KA, setting the voltage to be 24.5V and setting the arc stabilizing to be 10A in a program;
step five, turning on a power supply of the equipment, and starting arcing;
step six, gradually inputting parameters including current, voltage and arc stabilization into the equipment according to the table 3, and observing arc light change in the furnace;
step seven, observing arc light and molten pool conditions by focusing attention, wherein the molten pool is obvious in 17min, and immediately pressing down an electrode rod for welding;
step eight, after cooling for 60min, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
step nine, welding is completed, and referring to fig. 2, smelting is prepared.
TABLE 3 TC4 welding Process parameter input for phi 650mm Specifications
Example 3:
the invention provides a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
step one, performing flat head processing on TC21 cast ingots with the diameter of phi 560 mm;
assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a copper crucible, then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station, and performing furnace sealing operation;
opening a vacuum system to evacuate at a computer control interface, wherein the vacuum value is less than 5Pa, the leakage rate is less than 1.2Pa/min, and the furnace is prepared for welding;
setting the arc starting current of welding to be 4KA, the voltage to be 24.5V and the arc stabilizing current to be 10A in a program;
step five, turning on a power supply of the equipment, and starting arcing;
step six, gradually inputting parameters including current, voltage and arc stabilization into the equipment according to the table 4, and observing arc light change in the furnace;
step seven, observing arc light and molten pool conditions by focusing attention, wherein the molten pool is obvious in 12min, and immediately pressing down an electrode rod for welding;
step eight, after cooling for 50min, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
step nine, welding is completed, referring to fig. 3, and smelting is prepared.
TABLE 4 TC21 welding process parameter input for phi 560mm specification
| Time/min | Current/KA | voltage/V | Arc stabilization/ |
| 0 | 4.0 | 24.5 | 10 |
| 1 | 4.5 | 24.5 | 10 |
| 2 | 5.0 | 24.5 | 12 |
| 3 | 5.5 | 24.5 | 12 |
| 4 | 6.0 | 25.0 | 12 |
| 5 | 6.0 | 25.0 | 12 |
| 6 | 6.0 | 25.5 | 12 |
| 7 | 6.0 | 25.5 | 12 |
| 8 | 6.5 | 25.5 | 12 |
| 9 | 7.0 | 26.0 | 15 |
| 10 | 7.5 | 26.0 | 15 |
| 11 | 8.0 | 26.5 | 15 |
| 12 | 8.5 | 26.5 | 15 |
| 13 | 9.0 | 27.0 | 15 |
| 14 | 9.5 | 27.0 | 18 |
| 15 | 10 | 27.5 | 18 |
| 16 | 11 | 27.5 | 18 |
| 17 | 12 | 28.0 | 18 |
| 18 | 13 | 28.0 | 20 |
| 19 | 14 | 28.0 | 20 |
| 20 | 15 | 28.0 | 20 |
Example 4:
the invention provides a method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
step one, performing flat head processing on TC18 cast ingots with the diameter of phi 560 mm;
assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a copper crucible, then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station, and performing furnace sealing operation;
opening a vacuum system to evacuate at a computer control interface, wherein the vacuum value is less than 5Pa, the leakage rate is less than 1.2Pa/min, and the furnace is prepared for welding;
setting the arc starting current of welding to be 4KA, the voltage to be 24.5V and the arc stabilizing current to be 10A in a program;
step five, turning on a power supply of the equipment to prepare for arc striking;
step six, gradually inputting parameters including current, voltage and arc stabilization into the equipment according to the table 4, and observing arc light change in the furnace;
step seven, observing arc light and molten pool conditions by focusing attention, wherein the molten pool is obvious in 12min, and immediately pressing down an electrode rod for welding;
step eight, after cooling for 50min, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
step nine, welding is completed, referring to fig. 4, and smelting is prepared.
In summary, in the method for welding a titanium alloy ingot in a furnace provided by the present invention, in examples 1 to 4, 10 times of furnace welding are performed, the distribution diagram of the melting rate fluctuation at the weld joint is shown in fig. 5, and the original data list is shown in table 5, where the melting rate fluctuation is the melting rate value at the normal position 1min before the weld joint-the melting rate value at the weld joint, and the melting rate fluctuation of the weld joint in different examples is smaller than 0.5 kg/min.
Table 5 raw data list of fig. 5
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for welding a titanium alloy ingot casting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing flat head processing on the titanium alloy ingot;
2) assembling the cast ingot subjected to the flat head treatment in a crucible, and then hoisting the cast ingot into a melting station to seal the furnace;
3) opening a vacuum system, vacuumizing until the vacuum value reaches below 5Pa and the leakage rate reaches below 1.2Pa/min, and preparing for welding in the furnace;
4) setting the arc starting current of welding to be 4.0-5.0KA, setting the voltage to be 24.0-28.0V and setting the arc stabilizing current to be 8.0-20.0A;
5) turning on the power supply of the equipment to prepare for arc striking;
6) gradually inputting current, voltage and arc stabilizing parameters to equipment;
7) observing arc light in the furnace and the condition of a molten pool, and pressing the electrode rod to weld when the molten pool phenomenon is obvious;
8) cooling, closing the evacuation system, and opening the furnace to check the welding quality;
9) and finishing welding and smelting.
2. The method of titanium alloy ingot furnace welding according to claim 1, wherein the specification of the titanium alloy ingot is Φ 450mm to Φ 650 mm.
3. The method of furnace welding of a titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein the crucible in step 2) is a copper crucible.
4. The method of titanium alloy ingot furnace welding according to claim 1, wherein the arc starting current in step 4) is 4.0 to 5.0KA, the voltage is set to 24.0 to 25.0V, and the arc stabilizing current is 8.0 to 12.0A.
5. The method of furnace welding of a titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein the cooling time in step 8) is 30min or more.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluctuation in the melt velocity at the weld during the melting of step 9) is no greater than 0.5 kg/min.
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| CN114672638B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2024-05-10 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Weld joint protection cooling device and method for solving problem of easy cracking of titanium alloy cast ingot after welding |
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