CN111014327A - 2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process - Google Patents
2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014327A CN111014327A CN201911424640.4A CN201911424640A CN111014327A CN 111014327 A CN111014327 A CN 111014327A CN 201911424640 A CN201911424640 A CN 201911424640A CN 111014327 A CN111014327 A CN 111014327A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/12—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by stretching with or without twisting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a 2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process, which belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy bar processing and comprises the following steps: preparing an aluminum ingot, namely preparing the aluminum ingot according to the component proportion of the 2024 aluminum alloy; performing extrusion processing, namely performing extrusion processing on the aluminum ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy section; carrying out online heat treatment, and carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section; straightening, namely straightening the aluminum alloy profile subjected to online heat treatment; and sawing, namely performing fixed-length sawing on the straightened aluminum alloy section. By adopting the online heat treatment, the production period is shortened, and the energy waste is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy bar processing, and relates to a 2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process.
Background
Currently, in the field of extrusion of aluminum alloy bars, 2024 aluminum alloy extruded bars are typically produced by off-line quenching after extrusion. In the off-line quenching process, the surface oxidation of the product, the collision in the transfer process and the like can be generated, the surface quality of the product is influenced, and the waste is easily generated. In addition, the off-line quenching process prolongs the production period, and increases the labor, energy, equipment cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application aims to provide a production process of 2024 aluminum alloy extruded bars, which shortens the production period and reduces the waste of energy by adopting on-line heat treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an aluminum alloy pipe extrusion die comprises the following steps: preparing an aluminum ingot, namely preparing the aluminum ingot according to the component proportion of the 2024 aluminum alloy; performing extrusion processing, namely performing extrusion processing on the aluminum ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy section; carrying out online heat treatment, and carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section; straightening, namely straightening the aluminum alloy profile subjected to online heat treatment; and sawing, namely performing fixed-length sawing on the straightened aluminum alloy section.
Optionally, the aluminum ingot contains the following substances in percentage by mass: si: less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.35 percent, Cu: 4.55-4.65%, Mn: 0.3% -0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8%, Cr: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent; zr + Ti: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.12 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity alloy and the balance of Al.
Optionally, the method further comprises a homogenization treatment step, wherein the homogenization treatment is carried out on the aluminum ingot before the extrusion processing.
Optionally, a peeling step is further included, and the peeling step is provided between the homogenizing treatment and the extrusion processing.
Optionally, the extrusion process is a reverse extrusion process.
Optionally, in the step of extrusion processing, an extrusion device is used to perform hot extrusion on the aluminum ingot, the extrusion device includes an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder disposed in the extrusion die, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 450-500 ℃, and the heating temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 400-410 ℃.
Optionally, in the step of extrusion processing, the aluminum ingot is heated in a stepped manner, the temperature of the head of the aluminum ingot is 420-440 ℃, the temperature of the middle of the aluminum ingot is 400-420 ℃, and the temperature of the tail of the aluminum ingot is 380-400 ℃.
Optionally, in the step of extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 1m/min to 2 m/min.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy profile subjected to the online heat treatment is stretched and straightened, and the stretching amount b is 0.5% -1.5%.
Optionally, in the step of online heat treatment, the aluminum alloy profile is quenched by passing water, the temperature c of the aluminum alloy profile entering the quenching zone is 430-460 ℃, and the temperature d of the aluminum alloy profile exiting the quenching zone is less than or equal to 30 ℃.
Optionally, in the step of peeling, the thickness a of the aluminum ingot skin is lathed by means of turning.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the 2024 aluminum alloy component proportion is optimized, and the homogenization treatment and online heat treatment technology are adopted, so that the equipment investment of enterprises is reduced, the production period is shortened, and the energy waste is reduced.
2. By adopting the online heat treatment technology, the invention avoids the problems of product oxidation and scratching in the off-line quenching process and improves the quality and yield of the product.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
An aluminum alloy pipe extrusion die comprises the following steps: preparing an aluminum ingot, namely preparing the aluminum ingot according to the component proportion of the 2024 aluminum alloy; performing extrusion processing, namely performing extrusion processing on the aluminum ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy section; carrying out online heat treatment, and carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section; straightening, namely straightening the aluminum alloy profile subjected to online heat treatment; and sawing, namely performing fixed-length sawing on the straightened aluminum alloy section.
Further, the aluminum ingot contains the following substances in percentage by mass: si: less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.35 percent, Cu: 4.55-4.65%, Mn: 0.3% -0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8%, Cr: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2%: zr + Ti: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.12 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity alloy and the balance of Al.
And further, the method also comprises a homogenization treatment step, wherein before extrusion processing, the aluminum ingot is transferred to a heating furnace to carry out homogenization treatment on the aluminum ingot.
Further, the method also comprises a skin removing step which is arranged between the homogenization treatment and the extrusion processing.
Further, in the step of removing the surface skin, the thickness a of the surface skin of the aluminum ingot is turned by adopting a turning mode.
Further, a is 6 mm.
Further, extrusion processing is reverse hot extrusion processing, transports the aluminium ingot to the recipient through supplying the spindle ware and carries out backward extrusion.
Further, in the step of extrusion processing, an extrusion device is adopted to carry out hot extrusion on the aluminum ingot, the extrusion device comprises an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder arranged in the extrusion die, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 450-500 ℃, and the heating temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 400-410 ℃.
Further, in the step of extrusion processing, the aluminum ingot adopts a step-type heating mode, the head temperature of the aluminum ingot is 420-440 ℃, the middle temperature of the aluminum ingot is 400-420 ℃, and the tail temperature of the aluminum ingot is 380-400 ℃.
Further, in the step of extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 1m/min to 2 m/min.
Further, the aluminum alloy section after the on-line heat treatment is stretched and straightened, and the stretching amount b is 0.5-1.5%.
Further, in the step of on-line heat treatment, the aluminum alloy section is quenched by penetrating water, the temperature c of the aluminum alloy section entering the quenching area is 430-460 ℃, and the temperature d of the aluminum alloy section exiting the quenching area is less than or equal to 30 ℃.
Specifically, the production process of the 2024 aluminum alloy extruded bar comprises the following steps:
A. preparing an aluminum alloy raw material according to the following weight fractions:
si: less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.35 percent, Cu: 4.55-4.65%, Mn: 0.3% -0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8%, Cr: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent; zr + Ti: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.12 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity alloy and the balance of Al.
B. Homogenizing the cast aluminum ingot in a heating furnace at 470-480 ℃, wherein the homogenizing comprises heating for 8h, keeping the temperature for 8h, and cooling in air.
C. Turning off the homogenized aluminum ingot by a skin turning machine with the diameter of 6mm, and placing the aluminum ingot in a reverse extruder for extrusion molding to obtain the required aluminum alloy section, wherein the heating temperature of a mold is 450-500 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 400-410 ℃, the aluminum ingot adopts a step-type heating mode, the head part is 420-440 ℃, the middle part is 400-420 ℃, the tail part is 380-400 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 1-2 m/min.
D. And (3) quenching the extruded aluminum alloy section by water, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section entering a quenching zone is 430-460 ℃, and the temperature of the aluminum alloy section exiting the quenching zone is less than or equal to 30 ℃.
E. And (3) stretching and straightening the quenched aluminum alloy profile by using a stretching and straightening machine, wherein the stretching amount is 0.5-1.5%.
F. The stretched aluminum alloy section is cut to length by a sawing machine and sent to a test sample, and the preparation of the test sample comprises the following steps: cutting off geometric waste materials at the head and the tail of the stretched aluminum alloy section by 2m, sampling 100% of two ends of a tensile property sample, and inspecting after natural aging for 96 h.
G. And (4) framing the sawed aluminum alloy section, and transferring the aluminum alloy section to an aging furnace for aging treatment.
H. And (5) packaging and delivering the product.
The on-line quenching of the invention adopts the water seal blocking quenching device, and the water seal blocking quenching device designs the water pressure and the water spraying amount of the water seal according to the extrusion speed of the bar, thereby improving the quenching quality of the bar.
According to the extrusion online quenching process of the 2024 high-strength aluminum alloy, an optimal process route is formulated by adjusting the component proportion of the aluminum ingot and homogenizing the aluminum ingot, advanced quenching equipment is combined, the aluminum ingot is placed for 96 hours and then tested, the yield strength is 325-340 MPa, the tensile strength is 460-500 MPa, the elongation after fracture is 12-14%, the high-power detection is free of overburning tendency, and the macrostructure is free of defects such as cracks and tail shrinkage. The hardness and the mechanical property of the bar produced by the process both accord with the national standard, so that the process condition of the invention is ensured to be suitable for preparing high-strength 2024 aluminum alloy and can be produced in batch.
The invention combines the prior art and the related theory, optimizes the component proportion of the 2024 aluminum alloy, adopts the homogenizing treatment and the on-line heat treatment technology, not only reduces the equipment investment of enterprises, but also shortens the production period and reduces the waste of energy.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1.2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing an aluminum ingot, namely preparing the aluminum ingot according to the component proportion of the 2024 aluminum alloy; performing extrusion processing, namely performing extrusion processing on the aluminum ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy section; carrying out online heat treatment, and carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section; straightening, namely straightening the aluminum alloy profile subjected to online heat treatment; and sawing, namely performing fixed-length sawing on the straightened aluminum alloy section.
2. The process of producing an extruded bar of 2024 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the aluminum ingot comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: si: less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Fe: less than or equal to 0.35 percent, Cu: 4.55-4.65%, Mn: 0.3% -0.9%, Mg: 1.2% -1.8%, Cr: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, Zn: less than or equal to 0.2 percent; zr + Ti: less than or equal to 0.2 percent, Ti: less than or equal to 0.12 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity alloy and the balance of Al.
3. The process of producing an extruded bar of 2024 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises a homogenization treatment step, wherein the homogenization treatment is carried out on the aluminum ingot before the extrusion processing.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy extruded bar of 2024 is produced by: also comprises a skin removing step which is arranged between the homogenization treatment and the extrusion processing.
5. The process of producing an extruded bar of 2024 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the extrusion processing is reverse extrusion processing.
6. The process of producing an extruded bar of 2024 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the step of extrusion processing, an extrusion device is adopted to carry out hot extrusion on the aluminum ingot, the extrusion device comprises an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder arranged in the extrusion die, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 450-500 ℃, and the heating temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 400-410 ℃.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein the aluminum alloy extruded bar of 2024 is produced by: in the step of extrusion processing, the aluminum ingot adopts a step-type heating mode, the temperature of the head of the aluminum ingot is 420-440 ℃, the temperature of the middle of the aluminum ingot is 400-420 ℃, and the temperature of the tail of the aluminum ingot is 380-400 ℃.
8. The process of claim 6, wherein the aluminum alloy extruded bar of 2024 is produced by: in the step of extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 1m/min to 2 m/min.
9. The process of producing an extruded bar of 2024 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) stretching and straightening the aluminum alloy section subjected to the online heat treatment, wherein the stretching amount b is 0.5-1.5%.
10. The process of producing an extruded bar of 2024 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the step of on-line heat treatment, the aluminum alloy section is quenched by penetrating water, the temperature c of the aluminum alloy section entering a quenching area is 430-460 ℃, and the temperature d of the aluminum alloy section exiting the quenching area is less than or equal to 30 ℃.
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| CN201911424640.4A CN111014327A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | 2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process |
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| CN201911424640.4A CN111014327A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | 2024 aluminum alloy extrusion bar production process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112853130A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-28 | 昆山市超群金属制品有限公司 | Preparation method of improved 2024 aluminum alloy material and application of improved 2024 aluminum alloy material in platform scale |
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| CN112853130A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-28 | 昆山市超群金属制品有限公司 | Preparation method of improved 2024 aluminum alloy material and application of improved 2024 aluminum alloy material in platform scale |
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