CN106623465A - Production method of railway vehicle electrical cabinet aluminum profile - Google Patents
Production method of railway vehicle electrical cabinet aluminum profile Download PDFInfo
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- CN106623465A CN106623465A CN201611246290.3A CN201611246290A CN106623465A CN 106623465 A CN106623465 A CN 106623465A CN 201611246290 A CN201611246290 A CN 201611246290A CN 106623465 A CN106623465 A CN 106623465A
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- aluminium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/14—Making other products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/04—Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of a railway vehicle electrical cabinet aluminum profile. The production method comprises the following steps: step one, heating a die, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 440 to 460 DEG C; keeping warm for 7 to 10 hours; step two, cleaning an extrusion cylinder; step three, heating the extrusion cylinder, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 420 to 440 DEG C; step four, heating an aluminum bar, and heating the front end of the aluminum bar to be 440 to 460 DEG C, wherein the heating temperature is gradually reduced from the front end to the rear end, and the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end of the aluminum bar is 40 to 70 DEG C; step five, putting the heated aluminum bar in an extruder for extrusion, wherein the extrusion speed is 5+/-0.5 m/min; step six, carrying out air-cooled online quenching on an extruded aluminum profile, wherein the quenching speed is 120 to 150 DEG C/min; step seven, straightening the extruded aluminum profile, wherein the straightening rate is 0.2 to 0.8 percent; step eight, two-stage aging: carrying out two-stage artificial aging after natural aging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of aluminium alloy extrusions, more particularly, to a kind of track traffic motor train unit
The production method of body electricity cabinet aluminium alloy extrusions.
Background technology
At present, in aluminium alloy and aluminium semi-finished product, extruding is one of main moulding process, is to ensure extruding heat treatment effect
Really, high temperature extrusion should be adopted, aluminium bar produces amount of heat with recipient friction in extrusion process, causes aluminium bar temperature gradually to rise
Height, if aluminium bar heating-up temperature self-consistentency, can cause section bar outlet temperature to start low, then gradually rise；Because aluminium bar is being squeezed
It is heated inequality before and after during pressure, tissue odds before and after causing the section bar after extruding to occur, the problems such as size and dimension is inconsistent,
And then so that the section bar performance inconsequent after extruding.
Aluminium section bar after extruding, gradually separates out GP areas in Natural Aging Process, abundant artificial aging, intensity Jing after solid solution
The stress corrosion cracking that can reach under 400MPa, but this state is very sensitive.
7003 alloys have been widely used on multiple unit train body, are used primarily in car body member, roof stick carline, top side rail thin-walled big
Type section bar, skeleton and outer profile material, electric cabinet section bar etc., the cabinet for carrying aluminium alloy EMUs power system bears different directions
Stress loading, its power system weighs about 2 tons, it is desirable to which section bar mechanical strength is higher, and EMUs operation wind and rain, high/low temperature change are again
In miscellaneous environment, section bar is easier the phenomenon for stress corrosion cracking occur.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of rail vehicle regulator cubicle shape extrusion size, shape
Shape, tissue etc. are than more uniform, and intensity is high, and the higher production method of anti-stress corrosion performance of section bar.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of producer of rail vehicle regulator cubicle aluminium section bar
Method, comprises the following steps：
Step one：Mould is heated, heating and temperature control is incubated 7～10 hours at 440 DEG C～460 DEG C；
Step 2：Cleaning recipient, at least clears up twice；
Step 3：Recipient is heated, heating and temperature control is at 420 DEG C～440 DEG C；
Step 4：Heating aluminium bar, by the head temperature of aluminium bar 440 DEG C～460 DEG C are heated to, and heating-up temperature is from front end to rear
End is gradually lowered, and the temperature difference of the front and back end of aluminium bar is controlled at 40 DEG C～70 DEG C；
Step 5：Aluminium bar after heating is put in extruder and is extruded, extrusion speed is 5 ± 0.5m/min；
Step 6：Air-cooled press quenching is carried out to the aluminium section bar after extruding, quenching rate is 120～150 DEG C/min；
Step 7：The aluminium section bar after extruding is stretched, rate is stretched for 0.2%～0.8%；
Step 8：Two-stage time effect
First, natrual ageing：To aluminium section bar natural cooling 72 hours, then, one-level artificial aging：After natural cooling
Aluminium section bar is heated to 90 DEG C～110 DEG C, and is incubated 12 hours, finally, two grades of artificial agings：Aluminium section bar is heated to 150 DEG C～160
DEG C, and it is incubated 11 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：This production method reaches the control to end product quality using the temperature control in each stage
System, the heating-up temperature of aluminium bar is gradually lowered from front to back the thermal uniformity that ensure that aluminium bar plus man-hour in step 4 so that
The tissue before and after section bar after extruding is more consistent with, size and dimension, so cause the aluminium section bar after extruding before and after property
Can be consistent；Step one is to extrusion speed in step 5, aluminium bar temperature, mold temperature, recipient temperature cooperates is control type
The key of material solid solubility temperature, it is to avoid the precipitation and nodularization of the metallic compound such as high temperature solid solution Mn, Cr, produces thick recrystallization group
Knit, coarse-grain layer it is unfavorable to the anti-stress corrosion performance of section bar, and avoid low temperature solid solution from meeting press quenching effect and weldering
Close performance, the shortcoming that subsequently cannot be made up by measure；Press quenching speed can be with the phase of effective control second in step 6
Speed of separating out, it is to avoid produce the second thick phase, improves stress corrosion resistant ability；Control reasonably to stretch rate, energy in step 7
The residual stress in section bar is enough discharged, and ensure that the flatness of section bar；Through two grades of artificial agings in step 8, alloy is brilliant
Boundary's precipitated phase is distributed in interrupted shape, while existing more significantly without Precipitation band, this grain boundary structure is favorably improved conjunction
The anti-stress corrosion performance of gold, can make alloy in holding while high intensity, it is possible to increase the anti-stress corrosiveness of section bar
Energy.
Further, also including step 9：Test
1) C Zernike annular polynomials corrosion experiment, according to《HB 5259-1983 aluminum alloy C ring sample stress corrosion (cracking) test methods》Enter
OK；
2) stress etching experiment, according to《The corrosion stress corrosion test of GB/T 15970.7-2000 metals and alloy》7th
Part:Slow strain rate test is carried out；
Ratio=T solution/T air, T solution refers to that sample tests in an acidic solution the result for obtaining, and T air refers to examination
Sample tests in atmosphere the result for obtaining, and the more big then cracking susceptible degree of ratio is lower, and the more little then cracking susceptible degree of ratio is higher.
3) Mechanics Performance Testing, according to《JIS H4100-2006 aluminium and aluminum alloy extrusion section bar》Test.
4) microscopic structure inspection, according to《GB/T3246.1-2000 deforms aluminium and Al-alloy products microscopic structure inspection party
Method》Detected.
It is using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further technical scheme：Ensure that the section bar after processing disclosure satisfy that stress corrosion resistant
With the requirement of mechanical property.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Composition using aluminium bar is as shown in the table：
| Si | Fe | Mg | Mn | Cu | Cr | Zn | Ti | Zr |
| 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.83 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 6.2 | 0.035 | 0.20 |
Embodiment one：A kind of processing method of rail vehicle regulator cubicle aluminium section bar is provided, is comprised the following steps:
Step one：Mould is heated, heating and temperature control is incubated 7 hours at 440 DEG C；
Step 2：Cleaning recipient, cleaning is twice；
Step 3：Recipient is heated, heating and temperature control is at 420 DEG C；
Step 4：Heating aluminium bar, by the head temperature of aluminium bar 440 DEG C are heated to, and heating-up temperature is from front to back gradually
Reduce, the temperature difference of the front and back end of aluminium bar is controlled at 40 DEG C～50 DEG C；
Step 5：Aluminium bar after heating is put in extruder and is extruded, extrusion speed is 5.5m/min；
Step 6：Air-cooled press quenching is carried out to the aluminium section bar after extruding, quenching rate is 145～150 DEG C/min；
Step 7：The aluminium section bar after extruding is stretched, rate is stretched for 0.2%；
Step 8：Two-stage time effect
First, natrual ageing：To aluminium section bar natural cooling 72 hours, then, one-level artificial aging：After natural cooling
Aluminium section bar is heated to 90 DEG C, and is incubated 12 hours, finally, two grades of artificial agings：Heating aluminium section bar is to 150 DEG C, and it is little to be incubated 11
When.
Step 9：Test
1) C Zernike annular polynomials corrosion experiment, according to《HB 5259-1983 aluminum alloy C ring sample stress corrosion (cracking) test methods》Enter
OK；
Samples outer diameter is 20mm, and wall thickness 1.5mm, width is extrudate thickness, and test temperature is 35 DEG C, applies stress and is
192MPa, etchant solution used is 3.5wt%NaCl solution, and solution and Area of Sample compare 30ml/cm2.
Anti-stress corrosion performance should meet：T (rupture time)=90 day, it is unbroken to stop testing, it is qualified.
2) stress etching experiment, according to《The corrosion stress corrosion test of GB/T 15970.7-2000 metals and alloy》7th
Part:Slow strain rate test is carried out；
Obtain result：T solution/T air=0.9.
3) Mechanics Performance Testing, according to《JIS H4100-2006 aluminium and aluminum alloy extrusion section bar》Test, two for obtaining group
Test result is as follows：
| Tensile strength MPa | Yield strength MPa | Elongation after fracture % |
| 385 | 341 | 16.5 |
| 383 | 336 | 15.5 |
4) microscopic structure inspection, according to《GB/T3246.1-2000 deforms aluminium and Al-alloy products microscopic structure inspection party
Method》Detection, section bar tunneling boring is without coarse-grain layer, crystal grain rank 8-10 level.
Embodiment two：A kind of processing method of rail vehicle regulator cubicle aluminium section bar is provided, is comprised the following steps:
Step one：Mould is heated, heating and temperature control is incubated 7 hours at 460 DEG C；
Step 2：Cleaning recipient, at least clears up twice；
Step 3：Recipient is heated, heating and temperature control is at 440 DEG C；
Step 4：Heating aluminium bar, by the head temperature of aluminium bar 460 DEG C are heated to, and heating-up temperature is from front to back gradually
Reduce, the temperature difference of the front and back end of aluminium bar is controlled at 60 DEG C～70 DEG C；
Step 5：Aluminium bar after heating is put in extruder and is extruded, extrusion speed is 4.5m/min；
Step 6：Air-cooled press quenching is carried out to the aluminium section bar after extruding, quenching rate is 120～126 DEG C/min；
Step 7：The aluminium section bar after extruding is stretched, rate is stretched for 0.8%；
Step 8：Two-stage time effect
First, natrual ageing：To aluminium section bar natural cooling 72 hours, then, one-level artificial aging：After natural cooling
Aluminium section bar is heated to 110 DEG C, and is incubated 12 hours, finally, two grades of artificial agings：Heating aluminium section bar is to 160 DEG C, and it is little to be incubated 11
When.
Step 9：Test
1) C Zernike annular polynomials corrosion meets《HB 5259-1983 aluminum alloy C ring sample stress corrosion (cracking) test methods》；
Samples outer diameter is 20mm, and wall thickness 1.5mm, width is extrudate thickness, and test temperature is 35 DEG C, applies stress and is
192MPa, etchant solution used is 3.5wt%NaCl solution, and solution and Area of Sample compare 30ml/cm2；
Anti-stress corrosion performance test result：T (rupture time)=90 day, it is unbroken to stop testing, it is qualified.
2) stress etching experiment according to《The corrosion stress corrosion test of GB/T 15970.7-2000 metals and alloy》7th
Part:Slow strain rate test is carried out；
Obtain result：T solution/T air=1.0.
3) mechanical property according to《JIS H4100-2006 aluminium and aluminum alloy extrusion section bar》Test, two for obtaining group test knot
Fruit is as follows：
| Tensile strength MPa | Yield strength MPa | Elongation after fracture % |
| 376 | 332 | 16 |
| 381 | 338 | 15.5 |
4) microscopic structure according to《GB/T3246.1-2000 deforms aluminium and the Al-alloy products microscopic structure method of inspection》Inspection
Survey, section bar tunneling boring is without coarse-grain layer, crystal grain rank 8-10 level.
Same aluminium section bar under the same test conditions, using existing production method process aluminium section bar result of the test such as
Under：
1) C Zernike annular polynomials corrosive nature test result：T=40 days.It follows that the aluminium section bar of the processing of Jing embodiments one, two
Anti-stress corrosion performance is more preferable.
2) stress corrosion (cracking) test, obtains result：T solution/T air is between 0.4～0.6.It follows that Jing embodiments
First, the aluminium section bar cracking susceptible degree of two processing is reduced, and the cracking susceptible degree of the aluminium section bar of the processing method of prior art processing
It is higher.
3) the group test result for obtaining in the test of mechanical property is as follows：
| Tensile strength MPa | Yield strength MPa | Elongation after fracture % |
| 342 | 290 | 13.0 |
| 353 | 298 | 11.5 |
4) microscopic structure according to《GB/T3246.1-2000 deforms aluminium and the Al-alloy products microscopic structure method of inspection》Inspection
Survey, section material section has open grain structure, 20-50 μm of thick crystal layer thickness, crystal grain rank 6-7 level.
It follows that the aluminium section bar mechanical property of the processing of Jing embodiments one, two is greatly improved.
Understand that in sum by production method disclosed by the invention aluminium section bar can be improved by above test data
Anti-stress corrosion performance and mechanical property are improved, and cracking susceptible degree is reduced.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of production method of rail vehicle regulator cubicle aluminium section bar, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one：Mould is heated, heating and temperature control is incubated 7～10 hours at 440 DEG C～460 DEG C；
Step 2：Cleaning recipient, at least clears up twice；
Step 3：Recipient is heated, heating and temperature control is at 420 DEG C～440 DEG C；
Step 4：Heating aluminium bar, by the head temperature of aluminium bar 440 DEG C～460 DEG C are heated to, heating-up temperature from front to back by
Gradually reduce, the temperature difference of aluminium bar front and back end is controlled at 40 DEG C～70 DEG C；
Step 5：Aluminium bar after heating is put in extruder and is extruded, extrusion speed is 5 ± 0.5m/min；
Step 6：Air-cooled press quenching is carried out to the aluminium section bar after extruding, quenching rate is 120～150 DEG C/min；
Step 7：The aluminium section bar after extruding is stretched, rate is stretched for 0.2%～0.8%；
Step 8：Two-stage time effect
First, natrual ageing：To aluminium section bar natural cooling 72 hours, then, one-level artificial aging：To the aluminium profiles after natural cooling
Material is heated to 90 DEG C～110 DEG C, and is incubated 12 hours, finally, two grades of artificial agings：Aluminium section bar is heated to 150 DEG C～160 DEG C,
And it is incubated 11 hours.
2. the production method of a kind of rail vehicle regulator cubicle aluminium section bar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include
Step 9：Test
1) C Zernike annular polynomials corrosion experiment, according to《HB 5259-1983 aluminum alloy C ring sample stress corrosion (cracking) test methods》Carry out reality
Test；
2) stress etching experiment, according to《The corrosion stress corrosion test of GB/T 15970.7-2000 metals and alloy》7th
Point:Slow strain rate test is carried out；
3) Mechanics Performance Testing, according to《JIS H4100-2006 aluminium and aluminum alloy extrusion section bar》Test；
4) microscopic structure inspection, according to《GB/T3246.1-2000 deforms aluminium and the Al-alloy products microscopic structure method of inspection》Enter
Performing check.
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| CN201611246290.3A CN106623465A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Production method of railway vehicle electrical cabinet aluminum profile |
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| CN201611246290.3A CN106623465A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Production method of railway vehicle electrical cabinet aluminum profile |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106180244A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-12-07 | 东莞市东联铝业有限公司 | A kind of Aluminum extrusion product processes of high-precision surface |
| CN112718902A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-30 | 江苏兴业铝材有限公司 | Extrusion processing method of alloy aluminum profile |
| CN112808788A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 淮安和通汽车零部件有限公司 | Extrusion processing method of automobile anti-collision beam |
| CN114939604A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-26 | 魏桥轻量化(苏州)科技有限公司 | Isothermal extrusion method of aluminum alloy section |
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