CN111009724B - Electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on metamaterial - Google Patents

Electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on metamaterial Download PDF

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CN111009724B
CN111009724B CN201911222293.7A CN201911222293A CN111009724B CN 111009724 B CN111009724 B CN 111009724B CN 201911222293 A CN201911222293 A CN 201911222293A CN 111009724 B CN111009724 B CN 111009724B
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wave
vertical
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CN111009724A (en
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刘记朋
李承泽
刘晓昕
卜君祥
程彦汇
孟宪超
孙恒
关巍巍
张新敏
卢浩
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Beijing Aerospace Feiteng Equipment Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/22Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation in accordance with variation of frequency of radiated wave

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, belonging to the technical field of microwave antenna engineering and comprising a bottom copper foil, a dielectric plate and a periodic leaky-wave structure; wherein the bottom layer copper foil is of a horizontally placed rectangular sheet structure; the dielectric plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom layer copper foil; the periodic leaky wave structure is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric slab; the periodic leaky wave structure is a hollow structure; 2n +1 metallized through holes are formed in the dielectric plate; the periodic leaky-wave structure comprises 2 isolation patches, n leaky-wave units, 3n +2 vertical feeders and 2 horizontal feeders; the leaky-wave antenna solves the two problems that the traditional leaky-wave antenna can only perform frequency scanning without legal frequency scanning and can only perform forward radiation along the wave propagation direction, and has the advantages of high radiation efficiency, simple structure, convenience in processing, low price and the like.

Description

Electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on metamaterial
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave antenna engineering, and relates to an electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial.
Background
The leaky-wave antenna was originally proposed by w.w.hansen in the last 40 th century, and has been a hot spot of research in the antenna field due to its excellent beam scanning characteristics. The first leaky-wave antenna is formed by forming a long slit on a rectangular waveguide, and the essence of the leaky-wave antenna is that the electromagnetic wave propagating on the waveguide structure radiates part of the electromagnetic wave to the space when the electromagnetic wave is a fast wave. In recent years, the research on leaky-wave antennas has been rapidly developed, and particularly, planar leaky-wave antennas have been widely researched because they can be directly processed on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), and have the advantages of low profile, easy processing, simple structure, easy feeding, high directivity, and beam scanning characteristics. Therefore, the leaky-wave antenna has attracted wide attention in the microwave and the frequency bands above the microwave, and particularly in the occasions needing beam scanning, the leaky-wave antenna has incomparable advantages and has a good development prospect.
The radiation principle of the leaky-wave antenna is that electromagnetic waves gradually leak to a free space in the process of propagating along the direction of the antenna. Assuming that the electromagnetic wave propagates along the z direction, at the leaky wave port plane (y is 0), the electric field expression is
Figure BDA0002301182570000011
Wherein E0Is the electric field amplitude, kzIs a complex propagation constant in the z-direction of the waveguide, having
kz=βz-jαz
In the formula, betazIs a phase constant in the z direction, αzIs the decay constant along the z-direction. The electric field in the leaky wave antenna is
Figure BDA0002301182570000012
Wherein
Figure BDA0002301182570000013
Is the wave number in the y-direction. Wave number in free space
Figure BDA0002301182570000014
From the above equation, if the phase constant β is>k0Then slow wave, k, propagates in the antennayThe electromagnetic wave is attenuated along the y direction and cannot form space wave radiation; if phase constant beta<k0Then fast wave, k, propagates in the antennayThe electromagnetic wave can continuously radiate outwards along the y direction to realize leaky wave radiation. This is the fast and slow wave radiation mechanism of leaky-wave antenna.
Complex propagation constant kzTwo basic parameters of a leaky wave structure are included, and the phase constant beta of an electromagnetic wave in a waveguide determines the radiation angle of a main beam
θMB=arcsin(β/k0)
The beam scanning characteristic of the leaky-wave antenna refers to a characteristic that when the frequency of an electromagnetic wave fed into the antenna changes, the phase constant β of the electromagnetic wave in the antenna changes, and then the main lobe beam direction of the antenna also changes, which is also called the frequency scanning characteristic of the leaky-wave antenna. The frequency scanning characteristic of the traditional leaky-wave antenna causes the antenna to occupy wider frequency band resources when working, which is obviously contradictory to increasingly tense frequency spectrum resources in modern communication; in addition, the phase constant β of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the conventional leaky-wave antenna can only be a positive value, and according to the radiation angle formula, the beam can only be scanned in the forward direction of the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, which means that the beam of the conventional leaky-wave antenna can only be scanned between 0 and 90 ° at maximum, and the zero-crossing scanning from the forward direction to the backward direction cannot be realized. The above two problems greatly limit the application of leaky-wave antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on the metamaterial is provided, the two problems that the traditional leaky-wave antenna can only perform frequency scanning, does not perform legal frequency scanning, can only perform forward radiation along the wave propagation direction and the like are solved, and the electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on the metamaterial has the advantages of being high in radiation efficiency, simple in structure, convenient to process, low in price and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electronic control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial comprises a bottom layer copper foil, a dielectric plate and a periodic leaky-wave structure; wherein the bottom layer copper foil is of a horizontally placed rectangular sheet structure; the dielectric plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom layer copper foil; the periodic leaky wave structure is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric slab; the periodic leaky wave structure is a hollow structure; and 2n +1 metalized through holes are formed in the dielectric plate.
In the above electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, the periodic leaky-wave structure includes 2 conduction bands, n leaky-wave units, 3n +2 vertical feeder lines, and 2 horizontal feeder lines; the n leaky-wave units are sequentially arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the dielectric plate along the axial direction; the 2 conduction bands are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the n leaky-wave units along the axial direction; wherein the n vertical feed lines are arranged at one side of the n leaky wave units; and wherein 1 horizontal feed line enables the connection of n vertical feed lines; the other 2n +2 vertical feed lines are arranged on the other side of the n leaky wave units; and the other 1 horizontal feeder is arranged at the axially outer end of the 2n +2 vertical feeders.
In the electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on the metamaterial, n is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 10.
In the above electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, the leaky-wave unit includes a radiation patch and 2 isolation patches; the radiation patch is of a square sheet structure; 2 isolation patches are in a rectangular sheet structure; and 2 isolation patches are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the radiation patch; a hollow structure is arranged between the isolation patch and the radiation patch; and hollow structures are arranged between every two adjacent leaky-wave units.
In the above electrically controlled zero-cross scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, the radiating patch is parallel to the middle of the side edge of the isolating patch, and a stub line horizontally extends out of the middle of the side edge of the isolating patch.
In the above electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, n vertical feeder lines are arranged at one side of the radiation patch; and the n vertical feeder lines are arranged at positions opposite to the corresponding stubs; the axial direction of the vertical feeder is parallel to the direction of the stub; each vertical feeder line is arranged corresponding to one radiation patch, and one axial end of each vertical feeder line points to the middle of the corresponding radiation patch; the other axial ends of the n vertical feeders are connected by 1 horizontal feeder.
In the electrically-controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on the metamaterial, in addition, 2n +2 vertical feeder lines are arranged on one side of the radiation patch, which extends out of the stub line; 2n +2 vertical feeders are axially placed in parallel; the 2n vertical feed lines are divided into n groups of vertical feed line groups, and each group of vertical feed line groups corresponds to 1 leaky wave unit; each group of vertical feeder groups comprises 2 vertical feeders; the 2 vertical feeder lines in each group are respectively arranged corresponding to the 2 isolation patches; the other 2 vertical feed lines are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the 2n vertical feed lines; wherein the axial outer ends of the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th, 2n +1 th vertical feed lines are connected by another 1 horizontal feed line.
In the above electrically controlled zero-cross scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, n metallized through holes are arranged at corresponding positions on the axial outer end of the stub; and in addition, n +1 metalized through holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the axial outer ends of the corresponding 2 nd, 4 th, … … th and 2n +2 th vertical feeder lines.
In the above electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, the leaky-wave antenna further includes 2n fixed-value capacitors, n-1 first varactor diodes, n second varactor diodes, and 3n isolation inductors; the short stub is communicated with the corresponding metalized through hole through 1 second variable capacitance diode respectively; in the n vertical feeder lines corresponding to the radiation patches, each vertical feeder line is respectively communicated with the corresponding radiation patch through 1 isolation inductor; in the 2n vertical feeder lines corresponding to the isolation patches, each vertical feeder line is respectively communicated with the corresponding isolation patch through 1 isolation inductor; in each leaky-wave unit, the radiation patch is respectively communicated with 2 isolation patches through 2 constant-value capacitors; two adjacent leakage units are communicated through 1 first variable capacitance diode.
In the electrically-controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on the metamaterial, the thickness of the bottom copper foil is less than 0.05 mm; the aperture of the metalized through hole is less than 0.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a leaky-wave antenna for realizing zero-crossing scanning in a beam direction based on a metamaterial; the antenna scanning angle is greatly improved; meanwhile, the invention also has the advantages of low insertion loss, low profile, low cost, easy integration and the like, and is suitable for the fields of satellite communication, communication in motion, small radars and the like.
(2) According to the invention, a leaky wave structure with backward wave characteristics is periodically constructed on a wave guide structure, and electric control components such as a varactor diode are loaded on the leaky wave structure, so that the phase constants beta of the periodic leaky wave structures are changed by changing the voltages applied to two ends of the electric control components, and the phase constants beta are equal to or less than 0, thereby realizing the zero-crossing scanning of a beam direction from front to back.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a planar leaky-wave antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a periodic leaky-wave structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The invention provides an electric control zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial, and belongs to the technical field of microwave antenna engineering. The leaky-wave antenna solves the two problems that the traditional leaky-wave antenna can only scan frequency without legal frequency scanning and can only radiate forward along the wave propagation direction, and the like, and the leaky-wave antenna realizes the forward and backward zero-crossing scanning on a fixed frequency point through special design, so that the scanning angle of the leaky-wave antenna is increased.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric control zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna mainly comprises a bottom copper foil 3, a dielectric plate 2 and a periodic leaky-wave structure 1; wherein, the bottom layer copper foil 3 is a horizontally placed rectangular sheet structure; the dielectric plate 2 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom copper foil 3; the periodic leaky wave structure 1 is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric slab 2; the periodic leaky wave structure 1 is a hollow structure; the hollow structure part exposes the dielectric plate 2. The dielectric plate 2 is provided with 2n +1 metallized through holes 4. The thickness of the bottom layer copper foil 3 is less than 0.05 mm; the aperture of the metallized through hole 4 is less than 0.5 mm. The relative dielectric constant epsilonr of the dielectric plate 2 in the working frequency band should satisfy 2.0< epsilonr <2.4 and loss tangent tan delta < 0.01. The width of the dielectric plate 2 is more than 29mm, the thickness is 0.8-1.6mm, the length is changed along with the change of the number N of leaky wave units in the periodic leaky wave structure 1 of the top layer based on the metamaterial,
as shown in FIG. 2, the periodic leaky wave structure 1 comprises 2 conduction bands 1-1, n leaky wave units, 3n +2 vertical feeder lines 1-5 and 2 horizontal feeder lines 1-10; wherein, n leaky-wave units are sequentially arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the dielectric plate 2 along the axial direction; 2 conduction bands 1-1 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the n leaky-wave units along the axial direction; wherein n vertical feed lines 1-5 are provided at one side of the n leaky wave units; and wherein 1 horizontal feeder 1-10 enables the connection of n vertical feeders 1-5; the other 2n +2 vertical feeder lines 1-5 are arranged on the other side of the n leaky wave units; and the other 1 horizontal feeder 1-10 is arranged at the axially outer end of the 2n +2 vertical feeders 1-5. The line widths of the vertical feeder lines 1-5 are all less than 0.5 mm; the widths of gaps between the matching structure conduction band 1-1 and the isolation patch 1-2 and between the isolation patch 1-2 and the radiation patch 1-3 are less than 0.5 mm; a group of isolation patches 1-2, radiation patches 1-3, stubs 1-4 and components loaded between the isolation patches and the radiation patches form a single leaky-wave unit with a periodic leaky-wave structure, the distance duint between two adjacent leaky-wave units is 7.9mm, n is a positive integer for the antenna radiation efficiency and the antenna gain to be large, and n is larger than or equal to 10. The length of the conduction band 1-1 close to the port is 15mm-20mm, the width is 3.1-3.3mm, the length l1 of a section close to the leaky wave structure is 9.5mm-15mm, and the width d1 is 3.0-3.2 mm.
Each leaky-wave unit comprises a radiation patch 1-3 and 2 isolation patches 1-2; the radiation patches 1-3 are of square sheet structures; 2 isolation patches 1-2 are in rectangular sheet structures; and 2 isolation patches 1-2 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the radiation patches 1-3; a hollow structure is arranged between the isolation patch 1-2 and the radiation patch 1-3; and hollow structures are arranged between every two adjacent leaky-wave units. The radiation patch 1-3 horizontally extends out of the stub 1-4 in parallel with the middle of the side edge of the conduction band 1-1. The length l2 of the isolation patch 1-2 is 4.4-4.8mm, and the width d2 is 1-1.5 mm; the length l3 of the radiation patch 1-3 is 4.4-4.8mm, and the width d3 is 3.5-4.5 mm; the stub 1-4 has a total length of 2.5-3.0mm, and a gap of 0.5mm is opened thereon for loading the second varactor 1-8.
N vertical feed lines 1-5 of the 2n +2 vertical feed lines 1-5 are disposed at one side of the radiation patches 1-3; and n vertical feeder lines 1-5 are arranged at positions opposite to the corresponding stubs 1-4; the axial direction of the vertical feeder line 1-5 is parallel to the direction of the stub line 1-4; each vertical feed line 1-5 is arranged corresponding to one radiation patch 1-3, and one axial end of each vertical feed line 1-5 points to the middle part of the corresponding radiation patch 1-3; the axially other ends of the n vertical feeders 1-5 are connected by 1 horizontal feeder 1-10. The other 2n +2 vertical feed lines 1-5 are arranged on one side of the radiation patches 1-3, which extends out of the short stubs 1-4; 2n +2 vertical feeders 1-5 are arranged axially in parallel; the 2n vertical feed lines 1-5 are divided into n groups of vertical feed line groups, and each group of vertical feed line groups corresponds to 1 leaky wave unit; each group of vertical feed line groups comprises 2 vertical feed lines 1-5; 2 vertical feeder lines 1-5 in each group are respectively arranged corresponding to 2 isolation patches 1-2; the other 2 vertical feed lines 1-5 are respectively arranged outside the 2n vertical feed lines 1-5; wherein the axially outer ends of the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th, 2n +1 th vertical feed lines 1-5 are connected by another 1 horizontal feed line 1-10.
N metalized through holes 4 in the 2n +1 metalized through holes 4 are arranged at the corresponding positions of the axial outer ends of the stubs 1 to 4; in addition, n +1 metallized through holes 4 are arranged at the corresponding positions of the axial outer ends of the corresponding 2 nd, 4 th, … … th and 2n +2 th vertical feeder lines 1-5.
The leaky-wave antenna also comprises 2n constant value capacitors 1-6, n-1 first variable capacitance diodes 1-7, n second variable capacitance diodes 1-8 and 3n isolation inductors 1-9; the short stub lines 1-4 are respectively communicated with the corresponding metalized through holes 4 through 1 second variable capacitance diodes 1-8; in n vertical feeder lines 1-5 corresponding to the radiation patches 1-3, each vertical feeder line 1-5 is respectively communicated with the corresponding radiation patch 1-3 through 1 isolation inductor 1-9; in 2n vertical feeder lines 1-5 corresponding to the isolation patches 1-2, each vertical feeder line 1-5 is respectively communicated with the corresponding isolation patch 1-2 through 1 isolation inductor 1-9; in each leaky wave unit, a radiation patch 1-3 is respectively communicated with 2 isolation patches 1-2 through 2 constant value capacitors 1-6; two adjacent leakage units are communicated through 1 first variable capacitance diode 1-7. The capacitance value CF of the fixed value capacitor 1-6 is 2.0 pF; the inductance Ld of the isolation inductors 1 to 9 is 20 uH.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.

Claims (4)

1. An automatically controlled zero-crossing scanning plane leaky-wave antenna based on metamaterial which characterized in that: the dielectric plate comprises a bottom layer copper foil (3), a dielectric plate (2) and a periodic leaky wave structure (1); wherein the bottom layer copper foil (3) is a horizontally placed rectangular sheet structure; the dielectric plate (2) is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom copper foil (3); the periodic leaky-wave structure (1) is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric slab (2); the periodic leaky wave structure (1) is a hollow structure; 2n +1 metallized through holes (4) are arranged on the dielectric plate (2);
the periodic leaky-wave structure (1) comprises 2 conduction bands (1-1), n leaky-wave units, 3n +2 vertical feeder lines (1-5) and 2 horizontal feeder lines (1-10); wherein, the n leaky-wave units are sequentially arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the dielectric slab (2) along the axial direction; 2 conduction bands (1-1) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the n leaky-wave units along the axial direction; wherein n vertical feed lines (1-5) are arranged at one side of the n leaky wave units; and wherein 1 horizontal feeder (1-10) enables the connection of n vertical feeders (1-5); the other 2n +2 vertical feeder lines (1-5) are arranged on the other side of the n leaky wave units; and the other 1 horizontal feeder (1-10) is arranged at the axial outer end of the 2n +2 vertical feeders (1-5);
the leaky wave unit comprises a radiation patch (1-3) and 2 isolation patches (1-2); the radiation patches (1-3) are of square sheet structures; 2 isolation patches (1-2) are in a rectangular sheet structure; and 2 isolation patches (1-2) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the radiation patches (1-3); a hollow structure is arranged between the isolation patch (1-2) and the radiation patch (1-3); a hollow structure is arranged between every two adjacent leaky-wave units;
wherein n vertical feed lines (1-5) are provided at one side of the radiation patches (1-3); and n vertical feeder lines (1-5) are arranged at positions opposite to the corresponding stubs (1-4); the axial direction of the vertical feeder line (1-5) is parallel to the direction of the stub line (1-4); each vertical feed line (1-5) is arranged corresponding to one radiation patch (1-3), and one axial end of each vertical feed line (1-5) points to the middle part of the corresponding radiation patch (1-3); the axial other ends of the n vertical feeder lines (1-5) are connected through 1 horizontal feeder line (1-10);
the other 2n +2 vertical feed lines (1-5) are arranged on one side of the radiation patch (1-3) extending out of the stub line (1-4); 2n +2 vertical feeders (1-5) are axially arranged in parallel; wherein 2n vertical feed lines (1-5) are divided into n groups of vertical feed line groups, each group of vertical feed line groups corresponding to 1 leaky wave unit; each group of vertical feeder groups comprises 2 vertical feeders (1-5); 2 vertical feeder lines (1-5) in each group are respectively arranged corresponding to 2 isolation patches (1-2); the other 2 vertical feed lines (1-5) are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the 2n vertical feed lines (1-5); wherein the axial outer ends of the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th and 2n +1 th vertical feed lines (1-5) are connected by another 1 horizontal feed line (1-10);
wherein the n metallized through holes (4) are arranged at the corresponding positions of the axial outer ends of the stubs (1-4); in addition, n +1 metallized through holes (4) are arranged at the corresponding positions of the axial outer ends of the corresponding No. 2, No. 4, No. … … and No. 2n +2 vertical feeder lines (1-5);
the leaky-wave antenna also comprises 2n constant value capacitors (1-6), n-1 first variable capacitance diodes (1-7), n second variable capacitance diodes (1-8) and 3n isolation inductors (1-9); the short stubs (1-4) are respectively communicated with the corresponding metalized through holes (4) through 1 second variable capacitance diode (1-8); in n vertical feed lines (1-5) corresponding to the radiation patches (1-3), each vertical feed line (1-5) is respectively communicated with the corresponding radiation patch (1-3) through 1 isolation inductor (1-9); in 2n vertical feed lines (1-5) corresponding to the isolation patches (1-2), each vertical feed line (1-5) is respectively communicated with the corresponding isolation patch (1-2) through 1 isolation inductor (1-9); in each leaky-wave unit, the radiation patches (1-3) are respectively communicated with 2 isolation patches (1-2) through 2 constant-value capacitors (1-6); two adjacent leakage units are communicated through 1 first variable capacitance diode (1-7).
2. An electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial as claimed in claim 1, wherein: n is a positive integer, and n is more than or equal to 10.
3. An electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the radiation patch (1-3) is parallel to the middle part of the side edge of the conduction band (1-1) and horizontally extends out of the stub (1-4).
4. An electrically controlled zero-crossing scanning planar leaky-wave antenna based on a metamaterial as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the thickness of the bottom layer copper foil (3) is less than 0.05 mm; the aperture of the metallized through hole (4) is less than 0.5 mm.
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CN103367918A (en) * 2013-07-11 2013-10-23 电子科技大学 Frequency scanning array antenna based on quasi-surface plasmon waveguide
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CN105633560A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-06-01 东南大学 Subwavelength metal groove structure periodic leaky-wave antenna based on surface impedance
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