CN109193180A - High efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing - Google Patents
High efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193180A CN109193180A CN201811002877.9A CN201811002877A CN109193180A CN 109193180 A CN109193180 A CN 109193180A CN 201811002877 A CN201811002877 A CN 201811002877A CN 109193180 A CN109193180 A CN 109193180A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
Abstract
The present invention provides one kind to be used near field two-dimension focusing high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna, for the aerial array of several single leaky-wave antenna parallel arrangement compositions;Width differs at left and right sides of single leaky-wave antenna, and every leaky-wave antenna opens up the gap for being parallel to the cross central line of aerial array, and the spacing between every antenna adjacent slits is different;Adjacent single leaky-wave antenna arragement direction is reversed, and first and last end is sequentially connected;The array topology of adjacent single leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed proposed by the present invention, realize the natural symmetrical of near field two-dimension focusing antenna, single leaky-wave antenna width is set to have complementary characteristic simultaneously, adjustment left and right sides width obtains relatively uniform gap distribution, pass through the first connection for the leaky-wave antenna that adjacent opposite direction is fed, the efficient two-dimensional realized under simple series feed structure focuses, and overcomes the problems such as feed is complicated, polarization loss is big, radiation efficiency is low present in existing near field two-dimension focusing antenna aspects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs near field focus field of antenna, and in particular to the high efficiency base of near field two-dimension focusing is used for millimeter wave
Piece integrated waveguide leaky wave slot array antenna.
Background technique
As near field focus antenna is in the extensive of the fields such as microwave and millimeter wave imaging, wireless power transfer, gate inhibition and radio frequency identification
Using proposing increasingly higher demands to its antenna efficiency, two-dimension focusing ability.Different from far field antenna battle array, near field focus
Antenna array is higher to the phase and amplitude ability of regulation and control requirement of transmission structure, needs to generate the bore phase distribution of square-power change
And the radiant energy distribution of balance, to Antenna Design, more stringent requirements are proposed.
For leaky-wave antenna as a kind of common antenna, series feed structure has width phase ability of regulation and control.The type antenna work
Make the phase distribution needed for traveling-wave mode, the position Synthesis by adjusting antenna element, realizes required directional diagram figuration.It is existing
There is technology to be used to realize that the scheme of leaky-wave antenna two-dimension focusing can be divided into two classes, the first kind is that a dimension is poly- by leaky-wave antenna
Coke, another dimension are focused by complicated feeding network;Second class be by the radial leaky wave structure of apex drive come
Realize two-dimension focusing, but the radial topology structure of its circular distribution causes its polarization regulation difficult, there is higher polarization loss.
Meanwhile the radiation efficiency of these two types of structures is all because the width phase Spreading requirements near field cause it to be difficult to improve.Therefore, a kind of that there is letter
SF single feed structure simultaneously has the near field two-dimension focusing antenna array of high radiation efficiency with very high research significance.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that feed present in above-mentioned existing near field two-dimension focusing antenna aspects is complicated, pole
Change the problems such as loss is big, radiation efficiency is low.Propose a kind of substrate integration wave-guide of adjacent single leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed
Leaky wave slot array antenna realizes the natural right of two-dimentional near field focus antenna array by the structure that adjacent leaky-wave antenna opposite direction is fed
Claim.Adjacent substrates integrated waveguide width will be made to have complementary characteristic under such structure simultaneously, on this basis, by adjusting
Width at left and right sides of complementary substrate integration wave-guide can obtain relatively uniform slot element distribution to avoid the spuious spoke near field
The generation penetrated.The leaky-wave antenna first and last that adjacent opposite direction is fed is connected finally by power splitter and turning, by it is single not
The adjacent leaky-wave antenna of the dump energy opposite direction feed-in of radiation, the efficient two-dimensional realized under simple series feed structure focus.
To realize that purpose containing foregoing invention, technical solution of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing, the antenna include by
The aerial array of several single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna parallel arrangement compositions, the first leakage of feed-in external energy
Wave antenna 11 is located at the transverse center of aerial array, and the first leaky-wave antenna 11 is located at single 22 left side of leaky-wave antenna longitudinal centre line
Substrate integration wave-guide width be w1, substrate collection of first leaky-wave antenna 11 positioned at single 22 right side of leaky-wave antenna longitudinal centre line
It is w at duct width2, w1>w2, the first leaky-wave antenna 11 rotation 180 degree translate up (w1+w2)/2 obtain the second leaky-wave antenna
12, the second leaky-wave antenna 12 rotates 180 degree to moving up (w1+w2The (n-1)th leaky-wave antenna rotation that)/2 obtain third leaky-wave antenna 13 ...
180 degree translates up (w1+w2)/2 obtain the n-th leaky-wave antenna 1n, and the energy feed side of every leaky-wave antenna is head end, the other end
For end, the end of the first leaky-wave antenna 11 is separately connected the transverse center of aerial array by chip integrated waveguide power distributor 3
The head end of second leaky-wave antenna 12 of about 6 two sides of line, since the second leaky-wave antenna 12, the first and last end of adjacent leaky-wave antenna
The connection of substrate integration wave-guide turning 4 is passed sequentially through, substrate integration wave-guide turning makes the substrate in two neighboring single leaky-wave antenna
The direction of propagation of integrated waveguide inverts, and the every substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna offers several be parallel to
Several gaps 5 of the cross central line 6 of aerial array, several gaps 5 are along single about 21 leaky-wave antenna cross central line
Arrangement;Spacing between every leaky wave slot array antenna adjacent slits is different;6 lower section of cross central line of aerial array
The structure mirror symmetry of structure and top.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing
Line, each chip integrated waveguide power distributor 3 includes two right angles surrounded by power splitter plated-through hole 31, in the inside at right angle
If there are two power splitter screw pins for tuning 32;Each substrate integration wave-guide turning 4 includes two and is surrounded by turning plated-through hole 41
Right angle, set in the inside at right angle there are two turning screw pin for tuning 42.Right angle makes to output and input a mouthful direction of propagation reversion, function point
The length at device and turning is used to adjust the phase of the single leaky wave slot array antenna of feed-in, meets needed for the focusing of another dimension
Phase.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing
Line, the spacing between single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna adjacent radiation gap is different, poly- to generate near field
Phase distribution needed for coke, by adjusting the width w of complementary substrate integration wave-guide1And w2, and then adjust corresponding propagation constant β1With
β2, relatively uniform slot element distribution can be obtained to avoid the generation of near field stray radiation, position meets:
Wherein liFor the position in i-th of gap gap, l0Mouth position, l are fed for startingw1It is w for width1Substrate it is integrated
Waveguide length,For phase distribution needed near field focus, z0For focal spot height position, β1And β2It is that substrate integration wave-guide is wide
Degree is w1And w2When corresponding phase propagation constant, (x, y) is the coordinate at any point near field antenna front, N*It is non-zero
Positive integer.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing
Line shares 5 substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antennas, each chip integrated waveguide slot battle array day on entire antenna opening diametric plane
Line is equipped with 13 gaps.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing
Line, the end of the n-th leaky-wave antenna 1n are metallized through-hole closing, prevent the leakage of energy.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention proposes a kind of substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day of adjacent single leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed
Line realizes the natural symmetrical of two-dimentional near field focus antenna array.
(2) present invention has substrate integration wave-guide width by the topological structure of adjacent single leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed
Standby complementary characteristic.On this basis, it by adjusting the width at left and right sides of complementary substrate integration wave-guide, can obtain relatively uniform
Slot element distribution avoid the generation of near field stray radiation.
(3) present invention connected by the more leaky-wave antennas that power splitter and turning feed opposite direction, by it is single not
The adjacent leaky-wave antenna of the dump energy opposite direction feed-in of radiation, the efficient two-dimensional realized under simple series feed structure focus.
(4) complicated, polarization loss that the present invention overcomes feeds present in existing near field two-dimension focusing antenna aspects
Greatly, the problems such as radiation efficiency is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing.
Fig. 2 is the structural side view of the high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of n adjacent substrates integrated waveguide leaky wave slot array antenna opposite direction feed.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of chip integrated waveguide power distributor in antenna array.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram at substrate integration wave-guide turning in antenna array.
Fig. 7 is the realization principle figure of the high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing.
Fig. 8 is that the energy of the high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing distributes signal
Figure.
Fig. 9 is near field two-dimension focusing schematic illustration.
Figure 10 is that single near field focus substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna gap position calculates figure.
Figure 11 is power splitter and corner structure dimensional drawing used in embodiment.
Figure 12 is that the near field two-dimension focusing antenna of embodiment is emulated in the radiated electric field Density Distribution of horizontal plane and vertical plane
Result figure.
Figure 13 is the S parameter emulation and test result of the near field two-dimension focusing high effective antenna battle array of embodiment.
Figure 14 is test and the simulation result of the normalization near-field pattern in the face H.
Figure 15 is test and the simulation result of the normalization near-field pattern in the face E.
Figure 16 is emulation and test result of the Z-direction apart from antenna opening diametric plane different location field strength size.
Wherein, 21 be single leaky-wave antenna cross central line, and 22 be single leaky-wave antenna longitudinal centre line, and 3 be substrate collection
At waveguide power divider, 4 be substrate integration wave-guide turning, and 5 be gap, and 6 be the cross central line of aerial array, and 11 be the first leaky wave
Antenna, 12 be the second leaky-wave antenna, 13 be third leaky-wave antenna ... 1n be the n-th leaky-wave antenna, 31 be power splitter plated-through hole,
32 be power splitter screw pin for tuning, and 41 be turning plated-through hole, and 42 be turning screw pin for tuning.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
A kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system near field two-dimension focusing is provided first in the present embodiment
Antenna.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 gives this high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna knot near field two-dimension focusing
Structure schematic diagram.Fig. 3 gives single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system (left and right sides is of different size) antenna in this antenna array
Structural schematic diagram.
The antenna includes the aerial array being made of several single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna parallel arrangements,
First leaky-wave antenna 11 of feed-in external energy is located at the transverse center of aerial array, and the first leaky-wave antenna 11 is located at single leaky wave
The substrate integration wave-guide width in 22 left side of antenna longitudinal centre line is w1, it is longitudinal that the first leaky-wave antenna 11 is located at single leaky-wave antenna
The substrate integration wave-guide width on 22 right side of center line is w2, w1>w2, the propagation constant in corresponding substrate integration wave-guide is respectively
β1And β2, different propagation constant is used to adjust the distribution of radiating slot.Fig. 4 gives the adjacent leaky wave lap gating system opposite direction feedback of n item
The structural schematic diagram of electricity.First leaky-wave antenna 11 rotation 180 degree translates up (w1+w2)/2 obtain the second leaky-wave antenna 12, and second
Leaky-wave antenna 12 rotates 180 degree to moving up (w1+w2)/2 obtain third leaky-wave antenna 13 ... the (n-1)th leaky-wave antenna rotate 180 degree to
Upper translation (w1+w2)/2 obtain the n-th leaky-wave antenna 1n, and the energy feed side of every leaky-wave antenna is head end, and the other end is end,
The end of first leaky-wave antenna 11 is separately connected about 6 cross central line of aerial array by chip integrated waveguide power distributor 3
The head end of second leaky-wave antenna 12 of two sides, since the second leaky-wave antenna 12, the first and last end of adjacent leaky-wave antenna successively leads to
The connection of substrate integration wave-guide turning 4 is crossed, substrate integration wave-guide turning makes the substrate in two neighboring single leaky-wave antenna integrate wave
The direction of propagation led inverts;The topological structure of adjacent single leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed has substrate integration wave-guide width
Standby complementary characteristic by adjusting the width of complementary substrate integration wave-guide two sides, can obtain relatively uniform seam on this basis
Gap cell distribution avoids the generation of near field stray radiation;Every leaky wave slot array antenna, which offers, several is parallel to aerial array
Cross central line 6 gap 5, several gaps 5 are arranged along single about 21 leaky-wave antenna cross central line;Every antenna
Spacing between adjacent slits is different, to generate phase distribution needed near field focus;Under the cross central line 6 of aerial array
The structure of side and the structure mirror symmetry of top.
The structure at chip integrated waveguide power distributor substrate integration wave-guide turning in this antenna array is set forth in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6
Schematic diagram.Each chip integrated waveguide power distributor 3 includes two right angles surrounded by power splitter plated-through hole 31, at right angle
Inside is set there are two power splitter screw pin for tuning 32;Each substrate integration wave-guide turning 4 includes two by turning plated-through hole 41
The right angle surrounded is set in the inside at right angle there are two turning screw pin for tuning 42.Right angle makes to output and input a mouthful direction of propagation reversion,
The length at power splitter and turning is used to adjust the phase of the single leaky wave slot array antenna of feed-in, meets and focuses in another dimension
Required phase.
Fig. 7 gives two-dimension focusing high radiation efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system realization principle figure, in Fig. 7 (a)
Single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system feed direction is all identical, under such configuration, single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave seam
Gap battle array width needs, which are consistent, could form array, it is sparse uneven will cause the arrangement of left and right sides gap, it is difficult to realize very
Good symmetry.On this basis, the substrate that the invention patent proposes adjacent single leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed integrates wave
Lap gating system leaky-wave antenna is led, the natural symmetrical of the antenna of two-dimentional near field focus has may be implemented in this topological structure.Meanwhile adjacent list
The topological structure of root leaky-wave antenna opposite direction feed makes substrate integration wave-guide width have complementary characteristic, on this basis, passes through
The width at left and right sides of complementary substrate integration wave-guide is adjusted, relatively uniform slot element distribution can be obtained to avoid near field miscellaneous
The generation of scattered radiation.
The energy distribution that Fig. 8 gives two-dimension focusing high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system proposed by the present invention is shown
It is intended to, is connected by the more leaky-wave antennas that power splitter and turning feed opposite direction, by the single residual energy not radiated
The adjacent leaky-wave antenna of opposite direction feed-in is measured, the efficient two-dimensional realized under simple series feed structure focuses.
Fig. 9 gives near field two-dimension focusing schematic illustration, and array is located in xoy plane, near field focus be F (0,0,
z0).In order to focus the energy in two-dimensional radiation gap at F, the bore phase of two-dimensional antenna front should meet formula (1),
Wherein (0,0, z0) be near field focus point coordinate, (x, y) be near field antenna front on any point coordinate.
Figure 10 gives the schematic diagram of gap position solution, needed for the phase and focusing wherein propagated in substrate integration wave-guide
The intersection point of phase is exactly the position of radiating slot.It can be seen that single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna adjacent radiation
Spacing between gap is different, to generate phase distribution needed near field focus, by adjusting complementary substrate integration wave-guide
Width w1And w2, and then adjust corresponding propagation constant β1And β2, relatively uniform slot element distribution can be obtained to avoid near field
The generation of stray radiation, position meet:
Wherein liFor the position in i-th of gap gap, l0Mouth position, l are fed for startingw1It is w for width1Substrate it is integrated
Waveguide length,For phase distribution needed near field focus, z0For focal spot height position, β1And β2It is substrate integration wave-guide width
For w1And w2When corresponding phase propagation constant, (x, y) is the coordinate at any point near field antenna front, N*It is non-zero
Positive integer.
Final design result, shares 5 leaky wave slot array antennas on entire antenna opening diametric plane, on each slot array antenna
Equipped with 13 gaps.
The end of third leaky-wave antenna 13 is metallized through-hole closing, prevents the leakage of energy.
Figure 11 gives the used power splitter and corner structure dimensional drawing of the present embodiment, the center of antenna in the present embodiment
Frequency is 35GHz, and the substrate of selection is Tly-5, and with a thickness of 1.575mm, metallic copper is with a thickness of 0.0175mm.Substrate integration wave-guide
Width is w1=4.12mm, w2Its propagation constant of=3.56mm β1=719rad/m, β2=491rad/m obtains each gap position
It is as shown in table 1 with the design parameter at power splitter and turning.
Table 1
Antenna array gap and power splitter and corner design parameter (unit: millimeter)
Figure 12 gives radiated electric field Density Distribution of the near field two-dimension focusing antenna in horizontal plane and vertical plane of embodiment
Simulation result diagram, it can be seen that realize good focusing effect in the direction x and the direction y.Figure 13 gives the imitative of S parameter
True and test result figure, on the basis of considering that antenna has dielectric loss and metal loss, the antenna effective energy radiation efficiency
Reach 80%.Figure 14 and Figure 15 gives test and the simulation result of the normalization near-field pattern in the face E and the face H.Figure 16 is provided
Emulation and test result figure of the Z-direction apart from antenna opening diametric plane different location field strength size, emulation and test focal spot height
Respectively 75mm and 70mm.Observation emulation and test result are available, and experiment and the emulation goodness of fit are fine, demonstrate the near field
The design theory of the high radiation efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna of two-dimension focusing.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, any feature disclosed in this specification, except non-specifically
Narration, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose;Disclosed all features or all sides
Method or in the process the step of, other than mutually exclusive feature and/or step, can be combined in any way.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing, it is characterised in that: described
Antenna includes the aerial array being made of several single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna parallel arrangements, feed-in external energy
The first leaky-wave antenna (11) of amount is located at the transverse center of aerial array, and it is vertical that the first leaky-wave antenna (11) is located at single leaky-wave antenna
Substrate integration wave-guide width on the left of to center line (22) is w1, the first leaky-wave antenna (11) is located in single leaky-wave antenna longitudinal direction
Substrate integration wave-guide width on the right side of heart line (22) is w2, w1>w2, the first leaky-wave antenna (11) rotation 180 degree translate up (w1+
w2)/2 obtain the second leaky-wave antenna (12), and the second leaky-wave antenna (12) rotates 180 degree to moving up (w1+w2)/2 obtain third leaky wave
The (n-1)th leaky-wave antenna of antenna (13) ... rotation 180 degree translates up (w1+w2)/2 obtain the n-th leaky-wave antenna (1n), every leaky wave
The energy feed side of antenna is head end, and the other end is end, and the end of the first leaky-wave antenna (11) passes through chip integrated wave guide power
Point device (3) are separately connected the head end of the cross central line (6) of aerial array the second leaky-wave antenna (12) of two sides up and down, from second
Leaky-wave antenna (12) starts, and the first and last end of adjacent leaky-wave antenna passes sequentially through substrate integration wave-guide turning (4) connection, substrate collection
Invert the direction of propagation of the substrate integration wave-guide in two neighboring single leaky-wave antenna at waveguide turning, every foundation
Piece integrated waveguide leaky wave slot array antenna offers several gaps (5) of several cross central lines (6) for being parallel to aerial array,
Several gaps (5) are arranged up and down along single leaky-wave antenna cross central line (21);The adjacent seam of every leaky wave slot array antenna
Spacing between gap is different;The structure mirror symmetry of structure and top below the cross central line (6) of aerial array.
2. a kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing according to claim 1
Line, it is characterised in that: each chip integrated waveguide power distributor (3) is surrounded including two by power splitter plated-through hole (31) straight
Angle is set in the inside at right angle there are two power splitter screw pin for tuning (32);Each substrate integration wave-guide turning (4) includes two by turning
The right angle that angle plated-through hole (41) surrounds is set in the inside at right angle there are two turning screw pin for tuning (42).
3. a kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing according to claim 1
Line, it is characterised in that: the spacing between single substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna adjacent radiation gap is different, with
Phase distribution needed for generating near field focus, position meet:
Wherein liFor the position in i-th of gap gap, l0Mouth position, l are fed for startingw1It is w for width1Substrate integration wave-guide
Length,For phase distribution needed near field focus, z0For focal spot height position, β1And β2Be substrate integration wave-guide width be w1
And w2When corresponding phase propagation constant, (x, y) is the coordinate at any point near field antenna front, N*It is the just whole of non-zero
Number.
4. a kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing according to claim 1
Line, it is characterised in that: 5 substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antennas are shared on entire antenna opening diametric plane, each foundation piece is integrated
Slotted waveguide antenna is equipped with 13 gaps.
5. a kind of high efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave lap gating system day near field two-dimension focusing according to claim 1
Line, it is characterised in that: the end of the n-th leaky-wave antenna (1n) is metallized through-hole closing.
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