CN108173007A - A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed - Google Patents
A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108173007A CN108173007A CN201711396030.9A CN201711396030A CN108173007A CN 108173007 A CN108173007 A CN 108173007A CN 201711396030 A CN201711396030 A CN 201711396030A CN 108173007 A CN108173007 A CN 108173007A
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- feed
- waveguide
- quadrangle
- radiating
- slot
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
- H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
- H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, is related to a kind of Waveguide slot antenna.It is made of the feed waveguide of lower floor and the radiating guide on upper strata；Incidence wave passes through feed waveguide successively from feed port, couple gap, radiating guide, space is finally radiated outside by radiating slot, the feed port and feed waveguide pass through central aperture feed-in using standard feed waveguide from the back side, it is fed using quadrangle and replaces traditional apex drive, by having the feed waveguide of 4 arms that signal is extended to 4 antenna angles from center, it is fed in the same direction from both ends to intermediate constant amplitude, PMC boundaries can be formed in feed waveguide center, thus come replace metal boundary reduce size, reduce design cost, the length of feed waveguide is 44.8mm, width is 5mm, highly it is 2mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Waveguide slot antennas, are examined more particularly, to available for radio communication, near-field communication, medical treatment
A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed in the fields such as survey.
Background technology
Aerial array (or array antenna) is the antenna system that many identical individual antennas rearrange according to certain rules,
To emit or receive radio wave.Each antenna element is connected to single receiver or transmitter by feeder line, and feeder line is with specific
Energy is fed to each antenna element by phase relation.The radio wave radiated by each separate antenna is combined and is superimposed, and is added in
(can be by artificially controlling) be to enhance the power radiated in the desired direction together, and reduces the work(radiated in other directions
Rate.Wherein waveguide array antenna refers to be provided with gap on waveguide broadside or narrow side, and cuts off the antenna of electric current on waveguide inner wall
([1] Song Zheng, Zhang Jianhua, Huang control antennas and radio wave propagation Xian Electronics Science and Technology University publishing house .2003.7).According to gap list
First spacing and feeding classification difference, at present there are mainly two types of wave guide slot array antenna row：
A kind of harmonic oscillation type gap battle array, has the gap and all obtains cophase detector, and greatest irradiation direction is vertical with antenna axis, wave
It leads terminal and usually adds short-circuit plunger.The usual narrower bandwidth of resonant aerial, it is efficient.
A kind of disresonance type lap gating system, one end of waveguide add pumping signal, and the other end adds matched load.With resonant aerial
It compares, on-resonant aerial frequency band is wider, but less efficient.If slot element number is enough, the energy for being supported absorption has
Limit, therefore with resonant aerial inefficient away from little.
Chinese patent 201410744296.8 discloses a kind of broadband single-chamber Waveguide slot resonant antenna, and this design provides one
Kind is indulged with good broadband, low-cross polarization characteristic, particularly antenna height compression, rectangular waveguide broadside simple in structure
To straight radiating slot antenna.
Chinese patent 201110146539.4 discloses the narrow side Waveguide slot array antenna that a kind of width mutually weights, which carries
A kind of compact-sized, simple, the irregular wave beam forming of processing high-gain narrow side waveguide for being more suitable for satellite antenna application is supplied
Gap array shaped aerial.
However, these most feed ports of Waveguide slot battle array are at center, when array scale is big, it is difficult to array element be controlled to encourage
Realize common Taylor's distribution, Gaussian Profile etc..Moreover, these antenna works in far field, the mode of rare near field focus, generally
Using metal as isolation terminal, it is used as the material of isolating electromagnetic using copper in most cases, so in some cases
Cost can be increased.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned existing Waveguide slot array antenna and do not consider part, provide
The PMC boundaries of equivalent formation and PEC boundaries inside waveguide, reduce antenna size, reduce infrastructure cost, work in near-field region,
Available for fields such as medical detection, near-field communications, feeding classification improves anti-interference and is more easily controlled array element Taylor excitation, real
A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed of existing antenna Sidelobe.
The present invention is made of the feed waveguide of lower floor and the radiating guide on upper strata；Incidence wave is from feed port successively by feedback
Electric waveguide, coupling gap, radiating guide, are finally radiated outside space, the feed port and feed waveguide by radiating slot
It is fed using quadrangle by central aperture feed-in from the back side using standard feed waveguide and replaces traditional apex drive, pass through tool
Signal is extended to 4 antenna angles by the feed waveguide for having 4 arms from center, is fed, fed in the same direction from both ends to intermediate constant amplitude
Waveguide center can form PMC boundaries, thus come replace metal boundary reduce size, reduce design cost, the length of feed waveguide
It is highly 2mm for 44.8mm, width 5mm；
The coupling gap is with phase feeding classification, and coupling gap is opened in feed waveguide upper surface, it has regular array
The advantages of with second order wave beam is inhibited, coupling number of slots are 2 × 8；The one-dimensional Taylor distribution in gap is coupled by coupling the inclined of gap
Corner controls, and the length for coupling gap is 3.75mm, width 1mm, thickness 0.4mm；Spacing between adjacent coupled gap
LcFor 0.5 λgf, the distance of terminal coupling clearance distance waveguide terminal end face is 0.5 λgf, λgfFor feed waveguide wavelength.
The radiating guide is placed in the feed waveguide top of lower floor, and the coupling same phase in gap is opened using feed waveguide upper surface
Feed, length 42.8mm, width 5.2mm are highly 2mm；It can be equivalent into PEC ends in radiating guide central horizontal direction
End, this equivalent terminal can replace metal boundary, reduce cost.
The radiating slot uses waveguide gap array, and radiating slot is opened in radiating guide upper surface, by focal position meter
Its phase is calculated, amplitude is distributed for Taylor, and radiating slot number is 8 × 8, and the length of each radiating slot is 3.87mm, and width is
1.5mm, thickness 0.4mm；Spacing L between adjacent radiation seam transverse directionrFor λg, the spacing between longitudinal direction depends on required focusing
Position, the distance of the upper and lower end face of terminal quadrangle radiating slot centre distance waveguide is 0.5 λgr, λgrFor radiating guide wavelength.
The present invention operation principle be：Feed port and feed waveguide are passed through using Q-band standard feed waveguide from the back side
Central aperture feed-in, by having the feed circuit of 4 arms that signal is extended to four antenna angles from center.In feed waveguide
In, coupling gap is using constant amplitude with the energisation mode of phase, and in feed waveguide, both ends coupling gap centre distance or so terminal is half
Waveguide wavelength, i.e. 0.5 λgf.It is fed using quadrangle, due to the symmetry from both ends to center, is formed centrally in the present invention
PMC boundaries are imitated, metal boundary can be replaced, so as to shorten half waveguide wavelength, structure complexity is reduced, reduce and be processed into
This.In addition, equivalent PMC boundaries have the advantages that beamwidth of antenna bigger.In radiating guide and radiating slot, because using quadrangle
The mode of feed, upper and lower two symmetrical subarrays equally have identical amplitude and phase, in upper and lower two subarrays
It entreats horizontal direction is equivalent to form PEC boundaries, metal boundary can be replaced.By radiating slot apart from every radiating guide central shaft
The deviation of line can control excitation amplitude, excitation phase can be controlled by the deviation of radiating slot longitudinal direction, so as to fulfill near
Focusing in.These radiating slots separate radiating guide top conductor surface current, are encouraged in radiating slot bore face,
Outside radiated electromagnetic energy becomes the array antenna near field inner focusing.For radiating slot, amplitude is distributed using Taylor, with
Reduce near field transverse direction minor level.The present invention is due to the use of unique quadrangle feeding classification, due to encouraging from four weeks to center, phase
It is more simple accurate to the control in coupling gap and radiating slot for comparing traditional apex drive, it is also easier to realize width
Taylor's distribution of degree.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna structure schematic diagrames that quadrangle is fed.
Fig. 2 is the double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna feed waveguide and feed wave fed the present invention is based on quadrangle
Lead upper surface coupling gap.
Fig. 3 is the double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna radiating guide and radiated wave fed the present invention is based on quadrangle
Lead upper surface radiating slot.
Fig. 4 is that metal boundary is used for general feed waveguide.
Fig. 5 is the feed metal waveguide that equivalent PMC boundaries are applied in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that metal boundary is used for general aerial radiation waveguide.
Fig. 7 is the radiation metal waveguide that equivalent PEC boundaries are applied in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is that the double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna fed the present invention is based on quadrangle couples gap coupling factor
Parameter Map.
Fig. 9 is that the double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna fed the present invention is based on quadrangle is returned in longitudinal axis transmission direction
One changes field figure.In fig.9, focal position 50mm, the 3dB depth of focus are 38mm.
Specific embodiment
Description of specific embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The broadband single-chamber Waveguide slot resonant antenna of the present embodiment works in Q-band, operating center frequency f0For
40.25GHz lower side frequency fLFor 39.5GHz, upper side frequency fHFor 41.0GHz.Feed waveguide wavelength X under centre frequencygfFor
11.2mm, centre frequency radiating guide wavelength XgrFor 10.7mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with feed port 1, feed waveguide 2, coupling gap 3, radiating guide 4 and spoke
Penetrate gap 5.Antenna Operation is in Q-band, and using standard feed waveguide from the back side by feed port feed-in, by tool, there are four arms
Feed waveguide, the coupling gap on feed waveguide is encouraged.The length in gap is coupled as 3.75mm, width 1mm, thickness
For 0.4mm.Spacing L between adjacent coupled seam centercFor 0.5 λgf, distance of the terminal coupling slot apart from waveguide terminal end face be
0.5λgf, λgfFor feed waveguide wavelength.Excitation is coupled into radiating guide by coupling gap, and radiating guide is located on coupled waveguide
End, radiating slot is opened in radiating guide upper surface, and radiating slot partition radiating guide upper table surface current is obtained in radiating slot mouth
Excitation, and outside radiation energy form wave guide slot array antenna row.Radiating slot uses array element waveguide gap array, and amplitude is
Taylor is distributed, and the length of each radiating slot is 3.87mm, width 1.5mm, thickness 0.4mm.Adjacent radiation gap is lateral
Spacing L between centerrFor λgr, depending on focal position, the focal position if Fig. 9 is embodiment is the spacing of longitudinal center
50mm normalizes field strength analogous diagram in longitudinal axis transmission direction, and wherein focal position 50mm is determined between radiating slot longitudinal center
Away from.Distance of the terminal quadrangle radiating slot apart from waveguide terminal end face is 0.5 λgr, λgrFor radiating guide wavelength.Feed waveguide wave
It has been provided above long and radiating guide wavelength.
Metal boundary shown in Fig. 4 is improved to equivalent PMC boundaries in Fig. 5 for general feed waveguide and is applied to by the present invention
Feed metal waveguide in the present invention.Due to the particularity of quadrangle feed waveguide equal amplitude feed, magnetic current line 6 is fed in Fig. 5
It is vertical with equivalent PMC (perfect magnetic conductors) 8 that distribution in waveguide shows the magnetic line of force, therefore available PMC boundaries substituted metal side
Boundary 7 reduces processing cost, improves radiation efficiency.
Metal boundary shown in Fig. 6 is improved to equivalent PEC boundaries in Fig. 7 by the present invention for general aerial radiation waveguide should
For the radiation metal waveguide in the present invention.Due to radiating guide structural symmetry, in the equivalent PEC that radiating guide center is formed
(perfect electric conductor) boundary 10 can replace metal boundary 9, reduce difficulty of processing, cost-effective.
It is using a kind of specific embodiment of the invention：Include feed port, T shapes feed wave when designing feeding network
It leads.In feeding network, need T shapes feed waveguide being bent for 45 °, as Fig. 2 extends to entire plane, and in feed waveguide upper table
Coupling gap shown in Fig. 2 is opened in face, forms coupling array.Design radiating guide such as Fig. 3, radiating slot need to according to given parameter and
Focal position designs.Feed waveguide and radiating guide bond the two after designing, and total need to use 5 layers of etching metal
Plate, all etching metal plates are fixed and are aligned to be bonded together with stitch.In addition, can separately it add at the center of structure and periphery
Screw, to be used for fixing on a wireless terminal.In view of compact-sized during production, if space is limited, positioned at center of antenna
Radiating slot can be substituted for screwing through hole, but influence whether antenna overall permanence in this way.In this regard, through-hole can be widened in production
The partial aperture spacing of surrounding to distribute through-hole, had not both needed to substitute center slot with through-hole in this way, radiation can also be kept
Stablize relatively.
The emulation of antenna, coupled waveguide and spoke are such as used for the Electromagnetic Simulation simulator ANSYS HFSS based on FInite Element
Ejected wave, which is led, to be needed to emulate respectively, is paid attention to as follows：(1) offset of single resonant mode radiating slot and single waveguide core axis is adjusted
So that its coupling factor is identical with Fig. 8.(2) after the completion of single radiating slot design, phase distribution is calculated by focus point, is determined
Radiating slot center longitudinal pitch, is then arranged into array by radiating slot.(3) in the design of coupling slot coupling factor size
It is controlled by the deflection angle of coupling slot and waveguide central axes.
The present invention is disclosed a kind of design of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna fed based on quadrangle and is based on
Symmetric feeds realize equivalent PMC (perfect magnetic conductor) and PEC (perfect electric conductor) end boundary condition, are related to a kind of waveguide seam
The design and feed structure of gap antenna.The Waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention is fed using quadrangle, is different from traditional center
Feed or simple one end feed, it is easy to accomplish Taylor is distributed and keeps good bandwidth characteristic.Constant amplitude is the same as the symmetric feeds of phase
Structure realizes equivalent PMC terminals in feeding network center, and traditional PEC terminals are improved on the basis of terminal location is shortened and are caused
The harmful effect to antenna radiation characteristics；In addition, equal amplitude feed realizes equivalent PEC terminals in the center of radiating guide,
Further reduce antenna difficulty of processing and cost.The antenna focusing is near field, and return loss is small in operating frequency range, secondary lobe
Inhibit high, isolation is high, difficulty of processing with it is at low cost, be with a wide range of applications.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, it is characterised in that by the feed wave of lower floor
It leads and is formed with the radiating guide on upper strata；Incidence wave passes through feed waveguide, coupling gap, radiating guide from feed port successively, most
Space is radiated outside by radiating slot eventually.
2. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
Standard feed waveguide is used, by central aperture feed-in, generation to be fed using quadrangle from the back side in the feed port and feed waveguide
For apex drive, by having the feed waveguide of 4 arms that signal is extended to 4 antenna angles from center, from both ends to centre etc.
Width is fed in the same direction, and PMC boundaries can be formed in feed waveguide center.
3. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
It is 44.8mm, width 5mm in the length of feed waveguide, is highly 2mm.
4. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
It is with phase feeding classification in the coupling gap, coupling gap is opened in feed waveguide upper surface, and coupling number of slots is 2 × 8.
5. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
One-dimensional Taylor distribution in the coupling gap is controlled by the deflection angle for coupling gap, and the length for coupling gap is 3.75mm, wide
It spends for 1mm, thickness 0.4mm.
6. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
Spacing L between the adjacent coupled gapcFor 0.5 λgf, the distance of terminal coupling clearance distance waveguide terminal end face is 0.5
λgf, λgfFor feed waveguide wavelength.
7. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
The feed waveguide top of lower floor is placed in the radiating guide, open coupling gap using feed waveguide upper surface feeds with phase,
Length is 42.8mm, width 5.2mm, is highly 2mm；It can be equivalent into PEC terminals in radiating guide central horizontal direction.
8. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
In the radiating slot using waveguide gap array, radiating slot is opened in radiating guide upper surface, its phase is calculated by focal position
Position, amplitude are distributed for Taylor, and radiating slot number is 8 × 8, and the length of each radiating slot is 3.87mm, width 1.5mm,
Thickness is 0.4mm.
9. a kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed, feature exist as described in claim 1
The spacing L between transverse direction is stitched in the adjacent radiationrFor λg, the spacing between longitudinal direction depends on required focal position, terminal quadrangle
The distance of end face is 0.5 λ above and below the waveguide of radiating slot centre distancegr, λgrFor radiating guide wavelength.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711396030.9A CN108173007A (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed |
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| CN201711396030.9A CN108173007A (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | A kind of double-deck Waveguide slot near field focus array antenna based on quadrangle feed |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108902650A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏麦克威微波技术有限公司 | A kind of microwave thawing equipment |
| CN109193180A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-11 | 电子科技大学 | High efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing |
| CN112688046A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-20 | 华南理工大学 | Near-field focusing holographic array antenna and regulation and control method |
| WO2023080529A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | 한국전기연구원 | High-output slot waveguide array antenna |
| WO2024175041A1 (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-08-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna unit and antenna array having same, and electronic device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108902650A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏麦克威微波技术有限公司 | A kind of microwave thawing equipment |
| CN109193180A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-11 | 电子科技大学 | High efficiency substrate integration wave-guide leaky wave slot array antenna near field two-dimension focusing |
| CN112688046A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-20 | 华南理工大学 | Near-field focusing holographic array antenna and regulation and control method |
| WO2023080529A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | 한국전기연구원 | High-output slot waveguide array antenna |
| WO2024175041A1 (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-08-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna unit and antenna array having same, and electronic device |
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