CN111006597B - Thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system and wall thickness uniformity judging method - Google Patents
Thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system and wall thickness uniformity judging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111006597B CN111006597B CN201911108110.9A CN201911108110A CN111006597B CN 111006597 B CN111006597 B CN 111006597B CN 201911108110 A CN201911108110 A CN 201911108110A CN 111006597 B CN111006597 B CN 111006597B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
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Abstract
A thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system and a wall thickness uniformity judging method comprise the following steps: the thickness gauge comprises a thickness gauge inner probe, a thickness gauge outer probe, a bearing frame, a clamping mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a translation mechanism. The translation mechanism and the rolling mechanism are fixed on the bearing frame, and two ends of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured are connected with the bearing frame through the rolling mechanism; the rolling mechanism is used for rotating the thin-wall cylinder to be measured; the thickness gauge inner probe is arranged inside the thin-wall cylinder to be measured, and the thickness gauge outer probe is arranged outside the thin-wall cylinder to be measured; the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe obtain a measured wall thickness value of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured through the correlation laser; the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe are fixedly connected with a bearing frame through a translation mechanism; the translation mechanism is used for enabling the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe to synchronously move along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured. The invention can improve the existing part detection method and guarantee the precision for the subsequent processing of parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system and a wall thickness uniformity judging method, and belongs to the technical field of measurement and detection.
Background
The thin-wall cylinder container is widely applied to engineering, and whether the wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder meets the requirement directly determines whether a part is qualified or not, so that the determination of the wall thickness is an important content in the processing process of the thin-wall cylinder.
The current main measuring methods include an ultrasonic method, an electromagnetic ultrasonic method, a resistance strain measuring method, an infrared thermal wave method, a pulse eddy current method and the like. The ultrasonic method and the electromagnetic ultrasonic method are used for measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in a workpiece to obtain the thickness of the workpiece, the selection of measuring points is not limited, but is limited by the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves, and the measuring precision is low; the requirement on the surface quality of the workpiece to be detected is high, and a large error is generated when other materials exist on the surface; the electromagnetic ultrasonic method has low energy conversion efficiency, and the conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic ultrasonic is required to be improved fundamentally for popularization and application. The resistance strain measurement method applies pressure to a container, so that the deformation of a strain gauge on the wall of a thin-wall cylinder is converted into the wall thickness. The infrared thermal wave method is used for applying heating excitation to an object to be detected and obtaining thickness information by analyzing the surface temperature field change of the object to be detected. The pulse eddy current is used for measuring the wall thickness according to the electromagnetic induction principle, but experiments show that when the thickness of a measured body is less than 6mm, the detection result is inaccurate. At present, a measuring method for combining a tool and a caliper is frequently used in actual operation of workers, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the precision is not high, and the requirements of some precision instruments are difficult to meet, so that many companies are exploring simple and efficient high-precision measuring methods.
The uniformity determination method is still in an initial stage, and no widely accepted determination method is given in the literature.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system and a wall thickness uniformity judging method, and solves the problems of simple and efficient high-precision measurement and excessive wear of a cutter and even subsequent assembly failure caused by insufficient uniformity judgment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a thin-walled cylinder wall thickness measurement system comprising: the thickness gauge comprises a thickness gauge inner probe, a thickness gauge outer probe, a bearing frame, a clamping mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a translation mechanism;
the translation mechanism and the rolling mechanism are fixed on the bearing frame, and two ends of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured are connected with the bearing frame through the rolling mechanism; the rolling mechanism is used for enabling the thin-wall cylinder to be measured to rotate by taking the axis as a rotating shaft;
the thickness meter inner probe is arranged inside the thin-wall cylinder to be measured, and the thickness meter outer probe is arranged outside the thin-wall cylinder to be measured and corresponds to the position of the thickness meter inner probe; the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe obtain a wall thickness measurement value of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured through correlation laser, and laser beams emitted by the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe are along the radial direction of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured;
the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe are fixedly connected with a bearing frame through a translation mechanism;
the translation mechanism is used for enabling the thickness gauge inner probe and the thickness gauge outer probe to synchronously move along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured.
A method for judging the wall thickness uniformity of a thin-wall cylinder by using the wall thickness measuring system of the thin-wall cylinder comprises the following steps:
1) dividing the thin-wall cylinder to be detected into n cylinder sections along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder to be detected, obtaining a common circumferential line between two adjacent detection sections, and obtaining n circumferential lines; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the length of the axis of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured;
2) dividing the n circumferential lines obtained in the step 1) into m circular arc segments respectively by taking the central angle theta as a step length, obtaining a common point between the two circular arc segments as a test point, and obtaining m × n test points; the value range of the central angle theta is 3-7 degrees, and theta x m is 360 degrees; sequentially numbering the test points on each circumferential line;
3) cooperatively using the thickness meter inner probe and the thickness meter outer probe to obtain the measured wall thickness value of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured corresponding to all the test points;
4) determining a uniformity error coefficient delta for each circumferential line from the wall thickness measurementspThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, thetapqDenotes the radian of the q-segment arc on the p-th circumferential line, ypqIs a wall thickness measurement at point q on the pth circumference, s is the length of the circumference,
the average wall thickness of the p-th circumferential line; p is an element of [1, n ]]，q∈[1，m]；
5) Judging whether the wall thickness of each circumferential line meets the uniformity requirement or not according to the uniformity error coefficient determined in the step 4), if so, entering a step 6), otherwise, indicating that the thin-wall cylinder to be measured is not beneficial to subsequent processing and the surface needs to be treated;
6) determining the integral uniformity error coefficient delta of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured according to the measured value of the wall thickness, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein x ispThe axial distance from the p-th section of circumference to the reference end face of the thin-wall cylinder to be measured;
7) and 6), judging whether the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder to be detected meets the uniformity requirement or not according to the integral uniformity error coefficient delta of the thin-wall cylinder to be detected determined in the step 6).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention adopts the laser measurement method, simply and efficiently measures the wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder, has no minimum limit on the wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder, and can improve the working efficiency to a great extent;
2) the invention adopts a regression curve equation, so that the curve trend is more visual, whether the uniformity is qualified or not can be judged, and the previous procedure can be guided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an axial schematic view of the thin-walled cylinder wall thickness measurement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the thin-walled cylinder wall thickness detection system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system, as shown in figures 1 and 2, comprising: the thickness gauge comprises a thickness gauge inner probe 1, a thickness gauge outer probe 2, a bearing frame, a clamping mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a translation mechanism;
the translation mechanism and the rolling mechanism are fixed on the bearing frame, and two ends of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured are connected with the bearing frame through the rolling mechanism; the rolling mechanism is used for enabling the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured to rotate by taking an axis as a rotating shaft;
the thickness gauge inner probe 1 is arranged inside the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured, and the thickness gauge outer probe 2 is arranged outside the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured and corresponds to the thickness gauge inner probe 1 in position; the thickness gauge inner probe 1 and the thickness gauge outer probe 2 obtain a wall thickness measurement value of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured through correlation laser, and laser beams emitted by the thickness gauge inner probe 1 and the thickness gauge outer probe 2 are along the radial direction of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured;
the thickness gauge inner probe 1 and the thickness gauge outer probe 2 are fixedly connected with a bearing frame through a translation mechanism;
the translation mechanism is used for enabling the thickness gauge inner probe 1 and the thickness gauge outer probe 2 to synchronously move along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured.
The axial length of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured is less than 2m, and the diameter is less than 800 mm.
The method for judging the wall thickness uniformity of the thin-wall cylinder by using the thin-wall cylinder wall thickness measuring system comprises the following steps:
1) dividing the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be detected into n cylinder sections along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be detected, and obtaining a common circumferential line between two adjacent detection sections to obtain n circumferential lines; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
when l/10 is not an integer, rounding downwards, wherein l is the axial length of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured;
2) dividing the n circumferential lines obtained in the step 1) into m circular arc segments respectively by taking the central angle theta as a step length, obtaining a common point between the two circular arc segments as a test point, and obtaining m × n test points; the value range of the central angle theta is 3-7 degrees, and the positions of the test points on different circumferential lines can be different; θ m is 360 °; sequentially numbering the test points on each circumferential line;
3) the thickness meter inner probe 1 and the thickness meter outer probe 2 are used in a matched mode to obtain wall thickness measured values of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured corresponding to all the test point positions;
4) determining a uniformity error coefficient delta for each circumferential line from the wall thickness measurementspThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, thetapqDenotes the radian of the q-segment arc on the p-th circumferential line, ypqIs a wall thickness measurement at point q on the pth circumference, s is the length of the circumference,
determining the average wall thickness of the p-th circumferential line according to the measured wall thickness value; p is an element of [1, n ]]，q∈[1，m]；
5) Judging whether the wall thickness of each circumferential line meets the uniformity requirement or not according to the uniformity error coefficient determined in the step 4), and entering a step 6 if each circumferential line meets the uniformity requirement, otherwise, indicating that the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured is not beneficial to subsequent processing and the surface needs to be treated;
the method for judging whether the wall thickness of each circumferential line meets the requirement of uniformity specifically comprises the following steps:
if-0.1 < deltapIf the thickness is less than 0.1, judging that the wall thickness corresponding to the p-th circumferential line meets the requirement of uniformity;
otherwise, the requirement on uniformity is judged not to be met, and the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured is not beneficial to subsequent processing and needs to be treated.
6) Determining the integral uniformity error coefficient delta of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured according to the measured value of the wall thickness, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein x ispThe axial distance from the p-th section of circumference to the reference end face of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured;
7) and judging whether the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be detected meets the uniformity requirement or not according to the integral uniformity error coefficient delta of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be detected determined in the step 6).
The method for judging whether the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be detected meets the requirement of uniformity specifically comprises the following steps:
if delta is more than-0.1 and less than 0.1, judging that the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured meets the requirement of uniformity;
otherwise, the whole wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder 3 to be measured is judged not to meet the requirement of uniformity.
The wall thickness measuring method of the thin-wall cylindrical part has a good application effect in the wall thickness measurement of the thin-wall part. The measuring method can produce great economic benefit when being applied to actual production and has strong application prospect.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the invention not described in detail in the specification are within the skill of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for judging the wall thickness uniformity of a thin-wall cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) dividing the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be detected into n cylindrical sections along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be detected, obtaining a common circumferential line between two adjacent detection sections, and obtaining n circumferential lines; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
l is the axial length of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured;
2) dividing the n circumferential lines obtained in the step 1) into m circular arc sections respectively by taking a central angle theta as a step length, obtaining a common point between the two circular arc sections as a test point, and obtaining m n test points; sequentially numbering the test points on each circumferential line;
3) the thickness gauge inner probe (1) and the thickness gauge outer probe (2) are used in a matched mode, and wall thickness measured values of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured corresponding to all the test points are obtained;
4) determining a uniformity error coefficient delta for each circumferential line from the wall thickness measurementspThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, thetapqDenotes the radian of the q-segment arc on the p-th circumferential line, ypqIs a wall thickness measurement at point q on the pth circumference, s is the length of the circumference,
the average wall thickness of the p-th circumferential line; p is an element of [1, n ]]，q∈[1，m]；
5) Judging whether the wall thickness of each circumferential line meets the uniformity requirement or not according to the uniformity error coefficient determined in the step 4), if so, entering a step 6, otherwise, indicating that the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured is not beneficial to subsequent processing and the surface needs to be processed;
6) determining the integral uniformity error coefficient delta of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured according to the measured value of the wall thickness, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein x ispThe axial distance from the p-th section of circumference to the reference end face of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured;
7) and judging whether the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be detected meets the uniformity requirement or not according to the integral uniformity error coefficient delta of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be detected determined in the step 6).
2. The method for determining the wall thickness uniformity of a thin-walled cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the central angle θ in step 2) is in a range of 3 ° to 7 °, and θ x m is 360 °.
3. The method for determining the wall thickness uniformity of a thin-walled cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining whether the wall thickness of each circumferential line meets the uniformity requirement in step 5) comprises:
if-0.1 < deltapIf the thickness is less than 0.1, judging that the wall thickness corresponding to the p-th circumferential line meets the requirement of uniformity;
otherwise, the requirement on uniformity is judged not to be met, and the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured is not beneficial to subsequent processing and needs to be treated.
4. The method for determining the wall thickness uniformity of the thin-walled cylinder according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the step 7) of determining whether the wall thickness of the whole thin-walled cylinder (3) to be measured meets the uniformity requirement is specifically as follows:
if delta is more than-0.1 and less than 0.1, judging that the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured meets the requirement of uniformity;
otherwise, the integral wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured is judged not to meet the requirement of uniformity.
5. A thin-walled cylinder wall thickness measurement system for implementing the thin-walled cylinder wall thickness uniformity determination method according to claim 4, comprising: the thickness gauge comprises a thickness gauge inner probe (1), a thickness gauge outer probe (2), a bearing frame, a clamping mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a translation mechanism;
the translation mechanism and the rolling mechanism are fixed on the bearing frame, and two ends of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured are connected with the bearing frame through the rolling mechanism; the rolling mechanism is used for enabling the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured to rotate by taking an axis as a rotating shaft;
the thickness gauge inner probe (1) is arranged inside the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured, and the thickness gauge outer probe (2) is arranged outside the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured and corresponds to the thickness gauge inner probe (1); the thickness gauge inner probe (1) and the thickness gauge outer probe (2) obtain a wall thickness measurement value of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured through correlation laser, and laser beams emitted by the thickness gauge inner probe (1) and the thickness gauge outer probe (2) are along the radial direction of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured;
the thickness gauge inner probe (1) and the thickness gauge outer probe (2) are fixedly connected with the bearing frame through the translation mechanism;
the translation mechanism is used for enabling the thickness gauge inner probe (1) and the thickness gauge outer probe (2) to synchronously move along the axial direction of the thin-wall cylinder (3) to be measured.
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| CN112066846B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-11-23 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Device and method for acquiring parameters of warhead shell |
| CN112097714B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-15 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method for continuously inspecting and measuring wall thickness size of curved-surface cylinder body continuously |
| CN113028970A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 北方民族大学 | Pipeline workpiece simultaneous distance and thickness measuring method based on eddy current technology |
| CN114087972B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-11-29 | 北京理工大学 | Device for measuring shape error of long hole part |
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