CN111006450B - Continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for fine sand stone for building construction - Google Patents
Continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for fine sand stone for building construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN111006450B CN111006450B CN201911366680.8A CN201911366680A CN111006450B CN 111006450 B CN111006450 B CN 111006450B CN 201911366680 A CN201911366680 A CN 201911366680A CN 111006450 B CN111006450 B CN 111006450B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
- F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/08—Parts thereof
- F26B25/12—Walls or sides; Doors
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for sand fine stones for building construction, which comprises a dehydration tank, sealing wheels, a conveyer belt and a vacuum pump, wherein the dehydration tank comprises a tank body, two sealing wheel mounting tables and a circulation interface, the two sealing wheel mounting tables are arranged on the wall surface of the tank body, the sealing wheels are mounted in the sealing wheel mounting tables, the conveyer belt penetrates through the two sealing wheel mounting tables and is extruded by the sealing wheels in the sealing wheel mounting tables, and the vacuum pump is connected with the dehydration tank. A heater is arranged inside the dehydration tank; the vacuum pump comprises a pump body, an inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a drain valve and an exhaust pipe, wherein a vacuum cavity is connected with a dehydration tank through a pipeline, the inlet valve and the exhaust valve are arranged on the two pipelines, the exhaust pipe behind the exhaust valve is provided with two branches which are respectively connected to the dehydration tank and external atmosphere, the two branches are respectively provided with an on-off valve, and the bottom of the vacuum cavity is provided with a drainage pipeline leading to the outside and is provided with the drain valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drying devices, in particular to a continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for fine sand stones for building construction.
Background
The building sandstone is some fine sand and fine stone with the diameter of a few tenths to a few millimeters, the steps of mechanically crushing stones and sandstone in the nature and the like are carried out during production, and the finished sandstone is put into the market for sale as a building material.
The sand may be mixed with some moisture during the production or stacking process, which increases the weight of the sand, and if the sand is directly transported, the transportation cost is high, so the tail of the sand production process is often the link of dehydration and drying.
Among the prior art, the grit is usually gone on through the means of drying, puts into the grit and carries out long-time stoving operation in the stoving case, and such dewatering device energy consumption is big because keep the high temperature of stoving incasement for a long time, and in addition, moisture evaporates and gathers in the stoving incasement, and the air of stoving incasement need be changed in succession so that the dehumidification, and the air of stoving incasement can take away a large amount of heats when changing into fresh air because the dehumidification needs, causes the energy waste. Moreover, the progress of the drying measures by drying is slow, so that the material needs to stay in the drying box for a long time, if the drying box is made in the form of a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt runs very slowly, or the drying box is made larger, and the efficiency of the drying treatment is not high anyway.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for fine sand stones for building construction, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a quick dehydration drying device of continuous business turn over material of fine stone of sand for construction, includes drain sump, sealing wheel, conveyer belt and vacuum pump, and the drain sump includes the jar body and sets up two sealing wheel mount tables and circulation interface on jar body wall, installs the sealing wheel in the sealing wheel mount table, and the conveyer belt passes two sealing wheel mount tables and receives the sealing wheel extrusion in it, passes through the tube coupling between vacuum pump and the circulation interface, and the vacuum pump outwards bleeds and establishes the vacuum in the drain sump.
Carry the grit that needs carry out drying process on the conveyer belt, by continuous send into and send out the drain sump, be rough vacuum state in the drain sump, under the vacuum state, the boiling point greatly reduced of water, the moisture rapid vaporization who contains in the grit advances the drain sump for gas phase dispersion in, and the grit is direct through conveyer belt outflow drain sump after drying process, need seal the processing in the position of conveyer belt business turn over drain sump, sealed wheel seals in conveyer belt business turn over drain sump department through elastic extrusion's mode, the continuous trace that gathers of vapor and sealed wheel department in the drain sump is revealed and is leaded to the improvement of environmental pressure in the drain sump, vacuum degree descends promptly, need connect into a vacuum pump and manage to find time the processing. Because the moisture in the sand is continuously evaporated and accumulated in the dehydration tank, the humidity in the sand is increasingly high, and the sand cannot be dehydrated in vacuum after being saturated, therefore, fresh gas with lower humidity should be supplemented during the vacuum-pumping treatment, or the gas in the tank is returned to the tank again after being subjected to dehumidification treatment to be used as dehydration environment gas.
Further, the sealing wheel includes the wheel body, wheel board and shaft, the shaft is for installing the output shaft of a motor on the sealing wheel mount table, wheel body is connected in the epaxial transmission of wheel, be equipped with a plurality of wheel boards of circumference equipartition and radial extension on the wheel body face of cylinder, the arc surface has in the sealing wheel mount table, the arc surface axis is the shaft, the arc surface radially sets up the opening and passes the conveyer belt, the conveyer belt is located wheel board below and supported on the sealing wheel mount table arc surface below it by the sealing wheel extrusion, the wheel board contacts with the sealing wheel mount table arc surface of top when moving to first half week, the conveyer belt is the flexible band, be equipped with the equal material groove of putting of interval on the conveyer belt upper surface, it is less than adjacent wheel board outer fringe arc length on the wheel body to put the material groove length, the axial tip of wheel body is discoid respectively and sealed.
Put the silo and be the structure of placing the material on the conveyer belt, put the equidistant distribution of silo one by one on the conveyer belt, when following the conveyer belt and advancing to reach sealed round, sealed round extrudees its deformation into circular-arcly, the position department between the silo is put on the conveyer belt to the round board conflict, fan-shaped region between two round boards just in time corresponds one and puts the silo, when putting the silo and advancing to sealed round mount table intermediate position department, it all is not linked together with the inside and external atmosphere of dewatering tank, go forward again, when the round board of its one side breaks away from the conveyer belt upper surface owing to the rotation, this put the silo and get into dewatering tank inner space, because the environment vacuum, begin to carry out the dehydration process. When the wheel plate rotates to the upper semicircle, the circular arc surface of the sealing wheel mounting table is directly contacted with the circular arc surface, the circular arc surface can be made of elastic materials, so that better sealing is performed, the sealing wheel is sealed by the sealing ring between the two ends of the sealing wheel and the sealing wheel mounting table to form the simplest sealing structure, the operating speed of the sealing wheel is not high, the vacuum in the dehydration tank is not high vacuum, in addition, some fresh air is supplemented into the dehydration tank to enter the water vapor proportion in the dilution tank, and therefore, the use of the simple O-shaped ring at the sealing wheel can be satisfied by determining the multi-aspect factors.
Furthermore, a heater is arranged inside the dehydration tank and used for carrying out radiant heating on the vacuum environment in the dehydration tank.
The water in the grit evaporates in the dehydration jar, vaporization process can absorb the heat, make the interior temperature of dehydration jar reduce, when ambient temperature is lower, the water evaporation in the grit becomes slow, the temperature is lower to correspond less saturated vapor pressure, thereby the dispersed vapor partial pressure in the dehydration jar reaches the saturated vapor pressure when low temperature more easily and can't carry out vacuum dehydration, in order to make the continuity of vacuum dehydration, in addition to let fresh air get into jar interior towards fresh water vapor proportion as aforesaid, still preferably let the temperature in the dehydration jar maintain higher temperature, at least about the room temperature, like this, the dehydration ability of dehydration jar just is unlikely to along with the continuation of dehydration process and impaired, can be in order to maintain long-term dehydration ability. Because the interior of the dehydration tank is a rough vacuum environment, the efficiency of convection heat exchange between the heater and gas is low, the radiation heat exchange is a heat exchange mode which is not influenced by environmental factors, and heat can be still provided for the interior of the dehydration tank in a vacuum state, so that the dehydration capacity of the dehydration tank is maintained. The environmental temperature in the dehydration tank exceeds the room temperature of the atmosphere outside the tank to a certain degree through the heater, so that the dehydration efficiency of the sandstone can be improved.
Furthermore, the vacuum pump is a plunger type or diaphragm type volumetric vacuum pump, and comprises a pump body, an inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a drain valve and an exhaust pipe, wherein a vacuum cavity is arranged in the pump body, the vacuum cavity is connected with the interior of the dehydration tank through a pipeline and is provided with the inlet valve, the direction of the inlet valve is from the dehydration tank to the vacuum cavity, the vacuum cavity is also connected with the dehydration tank through the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is provided with the exhaust valve, the direction of the exhaust valve is from the vacuum cavity to the dehydration tank, the exhaust pipe behind the exhaust valve is provided with two branches which are respectively connected to the dehydration tank and the external atmosphere, the two branches are respectively provided with the on-off valves, and the bottom.
The gas in the dehydration tank needs to be replaced, the proportion of water vapor in the gas is reduced so that water in the sand can be evaporated, the gas replacement mode can be an open-circuit cycle or a closed-circuit cycle, the open-circuit cycle refers to directly and completely introducing fresh air into the dehydration tank, the dehydrated gas in the dehydration tank is pumped out and exhausted to the atmosphere, the mode is simple and direct, the structural parts are few, but the problem of heat loss exists, namely, the air in the dehydration tank is heated for better dehydration effect, after the dehydration of the part of air is completed, if the part of air directly passes through the vacuum pump exhaust device, the part of heat can be lost, and the heater can be used for reheating the fresh air which newly flows into the dehydration tank. The vacuum pump is made into a circulating type, can extract gas with high humidity in the dehydration tank to compress and separate water, and returns the dehumidified gas to the dehydration tank again, and has the following principle: the vacuum pump is like a common diaphragm or plunger pump, when a vacuum cavity is enlarged, gas is extracted from a dehydration tank, then the volume of the vacuum cavity is reduced to compress, gaseous water in the gas is precipitated when the gaseous water is compressed, the gaseous water is collected at the bottom of the vacuum cavity and is exhausted from the vacuum cavity through a drain valve, low-humidity gas returns to the dehydration tank from an exhaust port of the vacuum pump, the temperature of the returned gas is almost equal to the temperature of the extracted gas, a part of compression heat is transmitted into the gas, but the compression heat is less than the heating of the heater to the gas and can be approximately ignored. Because the sealing wheel has inevitable trace gas leakage, so, the vacuum degree of the gas circulated can be reduced along with the use, and when the vacuum degree in the dehydration tank is reduced to a certain degree and the dehydration capability of the dehydration tank is reduced, the gas is exhausted through a branch on the exhaust pipe so as to maintain the vacuum in the dehydration tank.
Further, the trap includes the valve gap, the case, the floater, spacing cover and pressure release pipe, be equipped with outlet and pressure release hole on the lower part wall thickness of the pump body, the case is positive from up supporting outlet central point from down, the case back has the spring and is pushed up tightly by the valve gap of closure at the outlet lower extreme, valve gap central point has the through-hole and is connected to the external world through the pipeline at the valve gap back, a floater is placed on the outlet top, floater sphere diameter is greater than outlet top aperture, spacing cover is installed and is covered the floater in the vacuum cavity internal surface, pressure release hole one end is connected to on the outlet between floater and the case, one end installation pressure release pipe, the top of pressure release pipe is higher than spacing cover top, be equipped with the reed of the area resistance of switching on.
The drain valve only discharges liquid and does not discharge gas, so the drain valve has a gas blocking function, the invention is realized by double blocking pieces, under normal conditions, water separated out in the compression process in the vacuum cavity is accumulated near the floating ball to float, and then enters the water discharge hole to reach the upper part of the valve core, the pressure in the vacuum cavity is continuously increased along with the further process of compression, the valve core is opened by water to be discharged to the outside, when the water is completely discharged, the floating ball falls to block the upper part of the water discharge hole, the gas in the vacuum cavity can only be discharged to the outside or returns to the dehydration tank through the exhaust valve, the medium in the vacuum cavity is discharged in sequence that the liquid is discharged from the drain valve firstly and then the gas is discharged from the exhaust valve, so the opening force of the valve core is smaller than that; the limiting cover is used for maintaining the position of the floating ball, so that the floating ball is not far away from the upper part of the water drainage hole.
Set up pressure release pipe, pressure release hole's aim at make things convenient for the floater to float when compression stage begins: when the vacuum cavity is pumped to the maximum state, the floating ball falls on the upper end of the water escape hole when compression is started, and at the moment, no water body is around the floating ball to enable the floating ball to be floating, so along with the compression, if no pressure relief pipe or hole exists, the space below the floating ball cannot enter new media, but the pressure above the floating ball is higher and higher, the floating ball can be tightly propped to further seal the top of the water escape hole, then even if water exists around the floating ball, the buoyancy of the floating ball cannot balance the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the floating ball, the floating ball cannot float, after the pressure relief pipe or hole is added, the pressure in the vacuum cavity can be transmitted to the lower part of the floating ball through the pressure relief pipe or hole, only one resistance of the reed is arranged on the path, the pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the floating ball can only be the local resistance of the reed, and the, make things convenient for the floating ball that floats when filling liquid around, should notice: the resistance of the reed and the opening force of the valve core should be larger than that of the exhaust valve, otherwise, after the water is completely discharged, the gas continues to be discharged out of the vacuum pump from the drain valve through the path of the pressure relief pipe, the pressure relief hole and the valve core, which is not expected.
As optimization, the circulation interface connected with the inlet valve is connected with the top space in the dehydration tank, and the lower end of the circulation interface connected with the exhaust valve extends into the dehydration tank and is arranged at the bottom of the dehydration tank.
The molar mass of vapor is eighteen, and the air molar mass is twenty-eight, so, vapor collects at the top of dewatering tank, and the gas at the top of dewatering tank is extracted to the vacuum pump to return the air of dehumidification in the dewatering tank bottom, be favorable to fully taking away the interior great part vapor of jar.
Preferably, the dehydration drying device further comprises a supporting roller which supports the conveying belt. The support rollers maintain the conveyor belt in steady forward movement and do not deflect due to gravity or the like.
Furthermore, the dehydration drying device also comprises a vibrating motor which is arranged on the wall surface of the dehydration tank or the support frame and is contacted with the bottom surface of the conveying belt. The sand and stone may be partially hardened due to water, and the sand and stone may not be dehydrated completely if smoothly flowing through the dehydrating tank, and after the vibrating motor is added, the sand and stone can be shaken in the material placing tank, so that the sand and stone on the lower layer can also be in vacuum contact with the upper part, and further dehydrated.
Furthermore, the dehydration drying device also comprises a brush, the brush is positioned in front of the two sealing wheels in the advancing direction of the conveying belt, and the bottom of the brush is flush with the upper surface of the conveying belt. The gravel should theoretically stay in the material placing groove, but due to local deformation when entering and exiting the dewatering tank and vibration caused by the vibration motor, the gravel may run out of the material placing groove to reach the upper surface of the conveyor belt, and the gravel not in the material placing groove interferes with the sealing performance when passing through the sealing wheel, so the gravel not in the material placing groove is brushed into the material placing groove through the brush.
As optimization, the bottom of the dewatering tank is also provided with a cleaning port. After the dehydration tank is used for a long time, sand falling from the conveyer belt can be accumulated at the bottom of the dehydration tank, and the dehydration tank is conveniently opened and cleaned at the cleaning port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention carries out the dehydration process with low boiling point by building a vacuum environment, and the sandstone is reliably dehydrated under rough vacuum; the sand and stone continuously enter and exit the dehydration tank along with the forward movement of the conveyer belt, and the manual material changing operation is not needed, so that the automation degree of the device is greatly improved, and the dehydration efficiency is also ensured to a great extent; the heater carries out radiant heating in the dehydration tank, so that the moisture is vaporized at a higher environmental temperature, the higher environmental temperature corresponds to a higher saturated vapor pressure, namely the dehydration tank can contain more water vapor (the water vapor has a higher partial pressure in the environmental gas) under the same vacuum degree, the vacuum pump circularly pumps the gas in the dehydration tank, the water vapor is continuously compressed and discharged out of the device, the original air is circulated, the heat input into the dehydration tank by the heater can be fully reserved, and the energy waste is prevented; the vibrating motor causes the small-amplitude vibration of the conveying belt, so that more gravels in the material containing groove are contacted with a vacuum environment to ensure more sufficient dehydration.
Drawings
In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention with a vacuum pump omitted;
FIG. 2 is view A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the vacuum pump and the dehydration tank of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a trap according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a dewatering tank, 11-a sealing wheel mounting table, 12-a circulation interface, 13-a cleaning port, 2-a sealing wheel, 21-a wheel body, 22-a wheel plate, 23-a wheel shaft, 3-a conveying belt, 31-a material placing groove, 4-a supporting roller, 5-a vibration motor, 6-a vacuum pump, 60-a pump body, 601-a water drainage hole, 602-a pressure relief hole, 61-a vacuum cavity, 62-an inlet valve, 63-an exhaust valve, 64-a drain valve, 641-a valve cover, 642-a valve core, 643-a floating ball, 644-a limiting cover, 645-a pressure relief pipe, 6451-a reed, 65-an exhaust pipe, 66-an on-off valve, 7-a brush and 8-a heater.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for sand fine stones for building construction comprises a dehydration tank 1, sealing wheels 2, a conveying belt 3 and a vacuum pump 6, wherein the dehydration tank 1 comprises a tank body, two sealing wheel mounting tables 11 and a circulation interface 12 which are arranged on the wall surface of the tank body, the sealing wheels 2 are mounted in the sealing wheel mounting tables 11, the conveying belt 3 penetrates through the two sealing wheel mounting tables 11 and is extruded by the sealing wheels 2 in the sealing wheel mounting tables, the vacuum pump 6 is connected with the circulation interface 12 through a pipeline, and the vacuum pump 6 pumps air outwards to establish vacuum in the dehydration tank 1.
Carry the grit that needs carry out drying process on the conveyer belt 3, by continuous send into and send out the drain sump 1, be rough vacuum state in the drain sump 1, under the vacuum state, the boiling point greatly reduced of water, the moisture that contains vaporizes fast in the grit is in gas phase dispersion advances the drain sump 1, and the grit is direct through 3 outflow drain sumps 1 of conveyer belt after drying process, need seal the processing in 3 business turn over drain sump 1's of conveyer belt position, sealed wheel seals in 3 business turn over drain sump 1 departments of conveyer belt through the mode of elasticity extrusion, the continuous water vapor that collects in the drain sump 1 reveals with the trace that sealed wheel 2 departments take place and leads to the improvement of 1 internal environment pressure of drain sump, vacuum degree descends promptly, need insert a vacuum pump 6 and manage to find time. Because the moisture in the sand is continuously evaporated and accumulated in the dehydration tank 1, the humidity in the sand is increasingly high, and the sand cannot be dehydrated in vacuum after being saturated, therefore, fresh gas with lower humidity should be supplemented during the vacuum pumping treatment, or the gas in the tank is returned to the tank again after being subjected to dehumidification treatment to be used as dehydration environment gas.
As shown in fig. 2, the sealing wheel 2 comprises a wheel body 21, wheel plate 22 and shaft 23, shaft 23 is the output shaft of a motor of installing on sealed wheel mount table 11, transmission connection wheel body 21 on the shaft 23, be equipped with a plurality of wheel plates 22 of circumference equipartition and radial extension on the wheel body 21 face of cylinder, have the arc surface in the sealed wheel mount table 11, the arc surface axis is shaft 23, the arc surface radially offers the opening and passes conveyer belt 3, conveyer belt 3 is located wheel plate 22 below and is leaned on the sealed wheel mount table 11 arc surface under it by sealed wheel 2 extrusion, wheel plate 22 contacts with the sealed wheel mount table 11 arc surface of top when moving to first half week, conveyer belt 3 is the flexible band, be equipped with the material groove 31 of putting that the interval equals on the conveyer belt 3 upper surface, it is less than 21 on adjacent wheel plate 22 outer fringe arc length to put the material groove 31 length, the axial tip of wheel body 21 is discoid respectively and passes through the sealing washer with sealed between the sealed wheel mount table 11.
Put silo 31 and be the structure of placing the material on the conveyer belt 3, put 31 individual equidistance of silo and distribute on conveyer belt 3, when following conveyer belt 3 and advance and reach sealed wheel 2, sealed wheel 2 extrudees it and warp into circular-arcly, wheel plate 22 contradicts the position department between 3 overhead silos 31 of conveyer belt, fan-shaped region between two wheel plates 22 just in time corresponds one and puts silo 31, when one puts silo 31 and advances to 11 intermediate position departments of sealed wheel mount table, it is all not linked together with dehydration jar 1 inside and external atmosphere, go forward again, when the wheel plate 22 of its one side breaks away from 3 upper surfaces of conveyer belt owing to the rotation, this puts silo 31 and gets into 1 inner space of dehydration jar, because the environment vacuum, begin to carry out the dehydration process. When the wheel plate 22 rotates to the upper semicircle, the circular arc surface directly contacts with the sealing wheel mounting table 11, the circular arc surface can be made of elastic materials, so as to perform better sealing, and the sealing between the two ends of the sealing wheel 2 and the sealing wheel mounting table 11 is the simplest sealing structure through a sealing ring, because the running speed of the sealing wheel 2 is not high, and the vacuum in the dewatering tank 1 is not high vacuum, in addition, some fresh air is supplemented into the dewatering tank 1, the water vapor proportion in the tank can be diluted, therefore, the simple O-shaped ring at the sealing wheel 2 is determined by multiple factors to seal, and the use can be satisfied.
As shown in fig. 1, a heater 8 is provided inside the dehydration tank 1, and the heater 8 radiatively heats the vacuum environment inside the dehydration tank 1.
The water in the sand evaporates in the dehydration tank 1, the vaporization process can absorb heat, so that the temperature in the dehydration tank 1 is reduced, when the environmental temperature is lower, the water evaporation in the sand becomes slow, the temperature is lower and corresponds to smaller saturated vapor pressure, so that the dispersed vapor partial pressure in the dehydration tank 1 can more easily reach the saturated vapor pressure at low temperature, thereby the vacuum dehydration can not be carried out any more, in order to ensure the continuity of the vacuum dehydration, more than the fresh air enters the tank to flush the fresh water vapor proportion, preferably, the temperature in the dehydration tank 1 is maintained at higher temperature, at least about room temperature, therefore, the dehydration capacity of the dehydration tank 1 is not damaged along with the continuation of the dehydration process, and the long-term dehydration capacity can be maintained. Because the interior of the dehydration tank 1 is in a rough vacuum environment, the efficiency of convection heat exchange between the heater and gas is low, the radiation heat exchange is a heat exchange mode which is not influenced by environmental factors, and under the vacuum state, heat can still be provided for the interior of the dehydration tank 1, so that the dehydration capacity of the dehydration tank 1 is maintained. The heater 8 can improve the dehydration efficiency of the sandstone by ensuring that the environmental temperature in the dehydration tank 1 exceeds the room temperature of the atmosphere outside the tank to a certain degree.
As shown in fig. 3, the vacuum pump 6 is a plunger or diaphragm type positive displacement vacuum pump, the vacuum pump 6 includes a pump body 60, an inlet valve 62, an exhaust valve 63, a drain valve 64, and an exhaust pipe 65, the inside of the pump body 60 is a vacuum chamber 61, the vacuum chamber 61 is connected with the inside of the dehydration tank 1 through a pipeline and is provided with the inlet valve 62 thereon, the direction of the inlet valve 62 is from the dehydration tank 1 to the vacuum chamber 61, the vacuum chamber 61 is further connected with the dehydration tank 1 through the exhaust pipe 65, the exhaust pipe 65 is provided with the exhaust valve 63, the exhaust valve 63 is from the vacuum chamber 61 to the dehydration tank 1, the exhaust pipe 65 behind the exhaust valve 63 is provided with two branches which are respectively connected to the dehydration tank 1 and the external atmosphere, the two branches are respectively provided with an on-off valve 66.
The gas in the dewatering tank 1 needs to be replaced, the proportion of water vapor in the gas is reduced so that water in sand can be evaporated, the gas replacement mode can be an open-circuit cycle or a closed-circuit cycle, the open-circuit cycle refers to directly and completely introducing fresh air into the tank, the dehydrated gas in the tank is pumped out and exhausted to the atmosphere, the mode is simple and direct, the structural parts are few, but the problem of heat loss exists, namely, the air in the dewatering tank 1 is heated for better dehydration effect, after the air is dehydrated, if the air is directly exhausted out of the device through the vacuum pump 6, the heat is lost, and the heater 8 can reheat the fresh air which flows into the dewatering tank 1 again. The vacuum pump 6 of the present invention is made in a circulating type, and can extract the gas with high humidity in the dehydration tank 1 to compress and separate water, and return the dehumidified gas to the dehydration tank 1 again, and the principle is as follows: like a common diaphragm or plunger pump, when the vacuum chamber 61 is enlarged, the vacuum pump 6 extracts gas from the dehydration tank 1, then the vacuum chamber 61 starts to reduce in volume and compress, gaseous water in the gas is precipitated when compressed, collects at the bottom of the vacuum chamber 61 and is discharged out of the vacuum chamber 61 through the drain valve 64, the low-humidity gas returns back into the dehydration tank 1 from the exhaust port of the vacuum pump 6, the temperature of the returned gas is almost equal to the temperature when extracted, and a part of the compression heat is transmitted into the gas, but the heating of the gas by the heater 8 is less and can be approximately ignored. Because there is inevitable trace gas leakage in seal wheel 2 department, so, the vacuum degree of the gas that circulates can descend along with using, when the vacuum degree in dehydration jar 1 reduces to certain degree and makes dehydration ability of dehydration jar 1 descend, should carry out the exhaust through the branch road on blast pipe 65 to maintain the vacuum in dehydration jar 1, the discernment of jar interior vacuum degree can be accomplished through setting up a pressure transmitter on dehydration jar 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the trap 64 includes a valve cover 641, a valve core 642, a float 643, a position-limiting cover 644 and a pressure-releasing pipe 645, a drain hole 601 and a pressure-releasing hole 602 are provided on the lower wall thickness of the pump body 60, the front surface of the valve core 642 is supported against the central position of the drain hole 601 from bottom to top, the back surface of the valve core 642 is provided with a spring and is pressed by the valve cover 641 screwed on the lower end of the drain hole 601, the center of the valve cover 641 is provided with a through hole and is connected to the outside through a pipe on the back surface of the valve cover 641, the top end of the drain hole 601 is provided with a float 643, the spherical diameter of the float 643 is larger than the top end diameter of the drain hole 601, the position-limiting cover 644 is mounted on the inner surface of the vacuum chamber 61 and covers the float 643, one end of the pressure-releasing hole 602 is connected.
The drain valve 64 only discharges liquid, and does not discharge gas, so the invention should have a gas blocking function, the invention is realized by a double-blocking piece, under normal conditions, water precipitated in the compression process in the vacuum cavity 61 is accumulated near the floating ball 643 to float, and then enters the drain hole 601 to reach the upper part of the valve core 642, the pressure in the vacuum cavity 61 is continuously raised along with the further process of compression, the water pushes the valve core 642 open to be discharged to the outside, when the water is completely discharged, the floating ball 643 falls to block the upper part of the drain hole 601, the gas in the vacuum cavity 61 can only be discharged to the outside or returns to the dehydration tank 1 through the exhaust valve 63, the medium discharge sequence in the vacuum cavity 61 is that the liquid is discharged from the drain valve 64 firstly, and then the gas is discharged from the exhaust valve 63, so the opening force of the valve core 642 is smaller than that; the position-limiting cover 644 is used for maintaining the position of the floating ball 643, so that the floating ball 643 is not far away from the upper part of the drainage hole 601.
The purpose of the pressure relief tube 645, 602, is to facilitate the float 643 floating at the beginning of the compression phase: when the vacuum cavity 61 is pumped to the maximum state and compression is started, the floating ball 643 falls on the upper end of the drain hole 601, and at this time, there is no water body around the floating ball, so as to make the floating ball thereof, as compression proceeds, if there is no pressure relief pipe 645 or pressure relief hole 602, the space below the floating ball 643 cannot enter new medium, but there is increasingly higher pressure above the floating ball 643, the floating ball 643 will be pushed to further seal the top of the drain hole 601, then even if there is water around the floating ball 643, the buoyancy thereof can not balance the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the floating ball 643, the floating ball 643 can not float, after the pressure relief pipe 645 or the pressure relief hole 602 is added, the pressure in the vacuum cavity 61 can be transmitted to the lower part of the floating ball 643 through the pressure relief pipe 645 or the pressure relief hole 602, there is only one resistance on the path, the pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the floating ball 643 can, the resistance of the reed 6451 is smaller than the buoyancy when there is liquid around the floating ball, so as to facilitate the floating ball 643 floating when the liquid is filled around, and it should be noted that: the resistance of reed 6451 plus the opening force of valve element 642 should be greater than the opening force of exhaust valve 63, otherwise, after the water is drained, the gas will continue to exit vacuum pump 6 from trap 64 through the path of pressure relief tube 645, pressure relief hole 602, and valve element 642, which is not desirable.
As shown in fig. 3, the circulation port 12 connected with the inlet valve 62 is connected with the top space in the dewatering tank 1, and the lower end of the circulation port 12 connected with the exhaust valve 63 extends into the dewatering tank 1 and is arranged at the bottom of the dewatering tank 1.
The molar mass of vapor is eighteen, and the air molar mass is twenty-eight, so, vapor is collected at the top of dewatering tank 1, and the gas at the top of dewatering tank 1 is extracted to vacuum pump 6 to return the air of dehumidification in dewatering tank 1 bottom, be favorable to fully taking away the interior great part of vapor.
As shown in fig. 1, the dewatering and drying apparatus further includes a support roller 4, and the support roller 4 supports the conveyor belt 3.
The support rollers 4 keep the conveyor belt 3 stably advancing and do not deflect due to gravity or the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the dewatering and drying apparatus further includes a vibration motor 5, the vibration motor 5 is disposed on the wall surface or the support frame of the dewatering tank 1, and the vibration motor 5 contacts with the bottom surface of the conveyor belt 3. The sand and stone may be partially hardened due to water, and may not be dehydrated completely when smoothly flowing through the dehydrating tank 1, and after the vibrating motor 5 is added, the sand and stone can be shaken in the material placing tank 31, so that the sand and stone on the lower layer can also be contacted with the upper part in vacuum, and further dehydrated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the dewatering and drying device further comprises a brush 7, the brush 7 is positioned in front of the two sealing wheels 2 in the advancing direction of the conveyer belt 3, and the bottom of the brush 7 is flush with the upper surface of the conveyer belt 3. The sand should theoretically stay in the material placing groove 31 only, but due to local deformation when entering and exiting the dewatering tank 1 and vibration caused by the vibration motor 5, the sand may run out of the material placing groove 31 onto the upper surface of the conveyor belt 3, and the sand not in the material placing groove 31 interferes with the sealing property when passing the sealing wheel 2, so that the sand not in the material placing groove 31 is brushed into the material placing groove 31 by the brush 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the dewatering tank 1 is also provided with a cleaning port 13. After the dehydration tank 1 is used for a long time, sand falling from the conveyer belt 3 can be accumulated at the bottom of the dehydration tank 1, and the dehydration tank 1 is conveniently opened and cleaned through the cleaning port 13.
The main operation principle of the device is as follows: grit is placed in put the silo 31 on conveyer belt 3 in and is advanced by the area of conveyer belt 3, get into the vacuum environment in the drain sump 1, the boiling point has very low under vacuum environment, thereby the moisture in the grit evaporates out in a large number, the grit carries out the dehydration process, the vapor that fills in drain sump 1 is mixing the trace air of original inside and is being pumped by vacuum pump 6, compressed in vacuum pump 6, then the moisture is appeared, the approximate dry air after the dehumidification gets into drain sump 1 bottom again, build vacuum environment, accomplish next endless dehydration.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a quick dewatering and drying device of continuous business turn over material of fine stone of sand for construction which characterized in that: the dehydration drying device comprises a dehydration tank (1), sealing wheels (2), a conveying belt (3) and a vacuum pump (6), wherein the dehydration tank (1) comprises a tank body, two sealing wheel mounting tables (11) and a circulation interface (12) which are arranged on the wall surface of the tank body, the sealing wheels (2) are mounted in the sealing wheel mounting tables (11), the conveying belt (3) penetrates through the two sealing wheel mounting tables (11) and is extruded by the sealing wheels (2) in the sealing wheel mounting tables, the vacuum pump (6) is connected with the circulation interface (12) through a pipeline, and the vacuum pump (6) sucks air outwards to establish vacuum in the dehydration tank (1);
the vacuum pump (6) is a plunger type or diaphragm type positive displacement vacuum pump, the vacuum pump (6) comprises a pump body (60), an inlet valve (62), an exhaust valve (63), a drain valve (64) and an exhaust pipe (65), the inside of the pump body (60) is a vacuum cavity (61), the vacuum cavity (61) is connected with the inside of the dehydration tank (1) through a pipeline and is provided with the inlet valve (62), the direction of the inlet valve (62) is from the dehydration tank (1) to the vacuum cavity (61), the vacuum cavity (61) is also connected with the dehydration tank (1) through the exhaust pipe (65), the exhaust pipe (65) is provided with the exhaust valve (63), the direction of the exhaust valve (63) is from the vacuum cavity (61) to the dehydration tank (1), the exhaust pipe (65) behind the exhaust valve (63) is provided with two branches which are respectively connected to the dehydration tank (1) and the external atmosphere, and the two branches, a drainage pipeline leading to the outside is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum cavity (61), and a drain valve (64) is arranged on the drainage pipeline;
a heater (8) is arranged in the dehydration tank (1), and the heater (8) is used for heating the vacuum environment in the dehydration tank (1) in a radiation manner;
the drain valve (64) comprises a valve cover (641), a valve core (642), a floating ball (643), a limiting cover (644) and a pressure relief pipe (645), a drainage hole (601) and a pressure relief hole (602) are formed in the wall thickness of the lower portion of the pump body (60), the front surface of the valve core (642) abuts against the central position of the drainage hole (601) from bottom to top, a spring is arranged on the back surface of the valve core (642) and is tightly pressed by the valve cover (641) screwed at the lower end of the drainage hole (601), a through hole is formed in the center of the valve cover (641) and is connected to the outside through a pipeline at the back surface of the valve cover (641), the floating ball (643) is arranged at the top end of the drainage hole (601), the ball diameter of the floating ball (643) is larger than the hole diameter of the top end of the drainage hole (601), the limiting cover (644) is installed on the inner surface of the vacuum cavity (61) and, One end of the pressure relief pipe (645) is installed, the top of the pressure relief pipe (645) is higher than the top of the limiting cover (644), and a reed (6451) with on-off resistance is arranged in the pressure relief pipe (645).
2. The continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydrating and drying device for the sand fine stones for building construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the sealing wheel (2) comprises a wheel body (21), wheel plates (22) and a wheel shaft (23), the wheel shaft (23) is an output shaft of a motor arranged on a sealing wheel mounting table (11), the wheel shaft (23) is in transmission connection with the wheel body (21), a plurality of wheel plates (22) which are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the wheel body (21) and radially extend are arranged on the cylindrical surface of the sealing wheel mounting table (11), an arc surface is arranged in the sealing wheel mounting table (11), the axis of the arc surface is the wheel shaft (23), an opening is radially formed in the arc surface and penetrates through the conveying belt (3), the conveying belt (3) is positioned below the wheel plates (22) and is extruded by the sealing wheel (2) to abut against the arc surface of the sealing wheel mounting table (11) below the conveying belt, the wheel plates (22) are in contact with the arc surface of the sealing wheel mounting table (11) above the wheel plates when the wheel plates (22) run to the upper half circumference, the conveying belt (, the length of the material placing groove (31) is smaller than the arc length of the outer edge of the adjacent wheel plate (22) on the wheel body (21), and the axial end parts of the wheel body (21) are disc-shaped and are sealed with the sealing wheel mounting table (11) through sealing rings.
3. The continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydrating and drying device for the sand fine stones for building construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the circulating interface (12) connected with the inlet valve (62) is connected with the top space in the dewatering tank (1), and the lower end of the circulating interface (12) connected with the exhaust valve (63) extends into the dewatering tank (1) and is arranged at the bottom of the dewatering tank (1).
4. The continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydrating and drying device for the sand fine stones for building construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the dehydration drying device further comprises a supporting roller (4), and the supporting roller (4) supports the conveying belt (3).
5. The continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydrating and drying device for the sand fine stones for building construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the dehydration drying device further comprises a vibrating motor (5), the vibrating motor (5) is arranged on the wall surface or the supporting frame of the dehydration tank (1), and the vibrating motor (5) is in contact with the bottom surface of the conveying belt (3).
6. The continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydrating and drying device for the sand fine stones for building construction as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the dehydration drying device also comprises a brush (7), the brush (7) is positioned in front of the two sealing wheels (2) in the advancing direction of the conveyer belt (3), and the bottom of the brush (7) is flush with the upper surface of the conveyer belt (3).
7. The continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydrating and drying device for the sand fine stones for building construction as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the bottom of the dewatering tank (1) is also provided with a cleaning port (13).
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| CN201911366680.8A CN111006450B (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Continuous feeding and discharging rapid dehydration drying device for fine sand stone for building construction |
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| CN112097497A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-18 | 衡山食为天食用油有限公司 | Continuous drying equipment of tea-seed oil raw materials for production |
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